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| 1 | 肾脏病变:对比扩散加权成像与对比增强MRI的病变特征显示文摘目的以MRI随访检查和组织病理学分析结果作为参照标准,比较扩散加权MRI与对比增强MRI对肾脏病变的诊断效能,并评价两者结合的诊断效能。方法机构审查委员会批准本项研究,不需病人知情同意,因其为符合HIPAA标准的回顾性研究。应用对比增强MRI和不同b值下屏气DWI评价64例病人(男46例,女18例,平均年龄60.7岁)的109个肾脏病灶。采用对比增强MRI判断标准评估肾脏病变特征,测量表观扩散系数(ADC)值。 | B. Taouli R.K. Thakur L. Mannelli J.S. Babb S. Kim E.M. Hecht 龙淼淼(译) 季倩(校) | 2009 | 国际医学放射学杂志2009，32，4： | 32 |
| 2 | 论教学的若干原则显示文摘布鲁纳指出,在学习理论和发展理论之外,还斋要教学沦,田为前者是描述性的,不是约定俗成的通例。教学论试图详细规定获甜知识与技能之有效途径的规则,因而它提供了一个评定教学或学习方法的标准。教学论的一个重要特征即是普遍适用性。教学论必须确定一般准则,并阐明与这些准则相符合的条件。布鲁纳认为,教学论具有四个主要特点。教学论应当详细规定:(1)最有效地使人确立学习倾向性的经验,(2)最便于学习者掌握的知识的组织方式,(3)呈现学习材料的最有效的程序,(4)学与教的过程中奖惩的性质与步调。布鲁纳从而引伸出教学的四个原则:(1)动机原则,(2)结构原则,(3)程序原则,(4)知道结果(即反馈)原则。 | J.S.布鲁纳 | 1979 | 教育研究1979，，5： | 17 |
| 3 | Effects of welding parameters and post-heat treatment on mechanical properties of friction stir welded AA2195-T8 Al-Li alloy显示文摘In this study, the effects of main welding parameters(rotation speed(ω) and welding speed(v)) on the microstructure, micro-hardness distribution and tensile properties of friction stir welded(FSW)2195-T8 Al-Li alloy were investigated. The effects of T6 post-treatments at different solution and aging conditions on the mechanical properties and microstructure characteristics of the FSW joints were also investigated. The results show that with increasing and v, both strength and elongation of the joints increase first, and then decrease with further increase of and v. All the joints under varied welding parameters show significant strength loss, and the strength reaches only 65% of the base metal. The effect of T6 post-heat treatment on the mechanical properties of the joints depends on the solution and aging conditions. Two heat treatment processes(480℃× 0.5 h quenching + 180℃× 12 h,520℃× 0.5 h quenching + 180℃× 12 h aging) are found to increase the joint strength. Furthermore,low temperature quenching(480℃) is more beneficial to the joint strength. The joint strength can reach 85% of the base metal. Whereas both low temperature aging(140℃× 56 h) and stepped aging(100℃× 12 h + 180℃× 3 h) processes decrease the joint strength. After heat treatment all the joints show decreased ductility due to the obvious grain coarsening in the nugget zone(NZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ). | J. Zhang X.S. Feng J.S. Gao H. Huang Z.Q. Ma L.J. Guo | 2018 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2018，34，1： | 16 |
| 4 | 教学论的定理显示文摘布鲁纳(J·S·Bruner)是一位教育心理学家。他不是象许多教育心理学家那样,侧重于心理学的教育心理学家,毋宁说是侧重于教育学的教育心理学家。从这一点上说,他是一个独特的存在,具有酷似于苏联许多教育心理学家的性格。布鲁纳是着重研究认知(cognition)的。他并不停留于单纯地从心理学的角度去研究儿童认知的事实,而是执着地试图阐明儿童:认知的形成。他对于认知形成的一个个课题;1)认知发展的过程及其促进;2)教材的结构3)直觉思惟与发生行为:4)学习的动机等等,历经多年研究,取得了富有创见的出色的成果。这样,随着有关认知形成的各别课题的研究渐趋成熟,布鲁纳便产生了这样一个念头:综合这些研究成果,树立起认知形成的概括的理论体系。这就是构筑教学论。遗憾的是,在教育学的研究中,其理论水平很低,即令'教学'这样一个教育的主要领域,亦尚未形成起象其它科学那样的以实验为背景的教学理论体系。教学论的贫困乃是教学实践停滞不前的产物。在理论同实践之间缺乏活跃的反馈,出色的实践是不可能产生的。也许布鲁纳痛感到这一点,才激起他致力于构筑教学论的强烈意愿。布鲁纳已经发表了二篇构筑教学论的试论。其一是《教学论的定理》(Theorems for aTheory of Instruction)。这是他向'关于教育研究与发展的小型讨论会'(1963年)提交的供讨论用的论文。在这篇论文中,他作了同'定理'的标题相称的极有条理的统系阐述。其二是《教学论随笔》(Notes ona Theory of Instruction)。原文载于NSSE第63年报(1964年)的第一部'学习与教授的理论'。这篇随笔,引述了他对八岁儿童教授二次函数初步的实验教学结果,为前文阐述的'定理',提供例证的。布鲁纳的《教学论的定理》,作为向学会提交的论文,以浓缩的语言,简洁地阐述了高度学术水平的内容,一般读者难予理解。日本名古屋大学的广冈亮藏教授作了极好的译介。本文就是根据广冈的译文译出的。本译文已收入教育科学出版社即将出版的钟启泉编译《现代教学论进展》一书中。 | J.S.布鲁纳 钟启泉 | 1987 | 全球教育展望1987，18，1： | 14 |
| 5 | In Search of the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in Heilongjiang River Area of China显示文摘Abstract A new geological section recognized in Baishantou of Jiayin, Heilongjiang Province, China, was studied preliminarily in searching for the K/T boundary. An early Paleocene florule characrerized by abundant Tiliaephyllum tsagajanicum leaves and its associated plants, was collected from the Baishantou Member (new member representing the lower part of the Paleocene Wuyun Formation) overlying the possible K/T boundary. A tuff bed was found from the upper part of the Furao Formation (uppermost Cretaceous) in this section. The new findings imply that the K/T boundary is probable lying in the interval between the base of the Baishantou Member and the tuff bed, based on the correlation of the present strata with the stratotype of the Tsagajan Group spanning the K/T boundary in 'Belaya Gara' of the Bureya Basin, Russia. The early Paleocene florule from the Baishantou Member and the early-middle Maastrichtian dinosaurs found from the Yuliangzi Formation underlying the Furao Formation suggest that the Baishantou section is more promising for searching for the K/T boundary in this area. Further studies of the section is needed, integrating paleontological, biostratigraphic, geochemical, paleomagnetic, and sedimentary research would benefit our understanding the mass extinction event and biotic recovery in the Heilongjiang River area, China, and even all of northeast Asia during the K/T boundary interval. | Sun G. M.Akhmetiev Dong Z.M. A.R.Ashraf Sun Y.W. E.Bugdaeva D.L.Dilcher L.Golovneva I.Harding K.Johnson T.Kezina T.Kodrul LU J.S. V.Markevich H.Nishida H.Okada Park S.O. Sun C.L. Xiong X.Z. Xing Y.L. Zhou Z.L. | 2002 | Global Geology2002，7，2： | 13 |
| 6 | 煤的浮选及其未来显示文摘本演讲的目的在于强调煤浮选的基本特征,在现阶段,认识和理解这些似乎特别重要。 | J.S.拉斯科夫斯基 郭秀平 李长根 | 2007 | 国外金属矿选矿2007，44，2： | 10 |
| 7 | T1影像高信号肾脏病变:DWI与MR增强检查鉴别诊断的比较显示文摘目的比较测量MR扩散加权成像(DWI)的表观扩散系数(ADC)与MR增强检查对鉴别不含脂肪T1高信号肾脏病变的能力。以组织病理学分析和随访影像作为参照标准。方法机构伦理审查委员会批准了符合HIPAA法案的回顾性研究计划,免除知情同意。2位观察者独立回顾性分析41例在MR T1影像上呈高信号的肾脏病变。MRI检查包括DWI和T1对比增强成像。对每一人组病变,观察者评价(a)ADC均值(±标准差)、(b)增强率和(C)为确定增强的存在而做的减影影像(可信性评分,1~5分)。 | S. Kim M. Jain A.B. Harris V.S. Lee J.S. Babb E.E. Sigmund 徐勐(译) 万业达(校) | 2009 | 国际医学放射学杂志2009，32，4： | 9 |
| 8 | 什么是行政哲学显示文摘对于没有学过哲学的公共管理专业学生来说,要把行政哲学的思想内容传授给他们是很困难的事情.虽然哲学思想看起来是抽象的,但是它并不像人们猜测的那样晦涩难懂.向公共管理专业学生解释什么是哲学最好的方法,就是去思考一些公共管理中通常所关注的事.公共管理者不时地谈论起那些对他们来说非常严肃的问题,譬如,许多管理者用'哲学'这一词汇表达他们自己的观点、格言时会说:'我的管理哲学就是尽可能有效率地完成工作.'或:'我的哲学就是让人们参与决策过程.'这些主张就是一个人与同事或与雇佣他的组织管理者(manager)之间关系的哲学化表述.有时在谈论一些重要的事情时,则并没有用到哲学这一词汇:'我在这里做事的目的是什么?''为什么我感到如此烦恼?''我每天例行公事到底有什么意义?'这些提问就是关于一个人自身(哲学)存在的问题. | J.S.朱恩 孟凡民 | 2004 | 北京行政学院学报2004，，4： | 8 |
| 9 | MICROWAVE PERMEABILITY SPECTRA OF SPUTTERED Fe-Co-B SOFT MAGNETIC THIN FILMS显示文摘Permeability characteristics of sputtered soft magnetic Fe40Co40B20 thin films are investigated in the range of 0.5 to 5 GHz by a shortened microstrip transmission line perturbation method. Excellent microwave permeability is achieved at 0.4 Pa argon pressure: fr is 3.32 GHz, the real and imaginary part of permeability at 0.5 GHz are 104 and 61, respectively. In addition, the thickness effect on permeability is also studied. The minimum damping can be achieved at the thinnest film. Different sources contributed to in-plane anisotropy are discussed briefly. The deviation between the peak frequency of the imaginary part and the zero-crossing frequency of the real part of permeability is also presented. | J.S. Liao Z.K. Feng J. Qiu Y. Q. Tong | 2008 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2008，21，6： | 8 |
| 10 | 心力衰竭患者中持续气道正压通气抑制中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停与未实施心脏移植存活率的关系:一项对CANPAP试验的事后分析显示文摘背景:在CANPAP[加拿大中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停(CSA)合并心力衰竭患者经持续气道正压通气(CPAP)治疗]试验的主要分析中,CPAP对患者的未实施心脏移植存活率无影响;然而,CPAP仅使平均呼吸暂停低通气指数降至睡眠期间19次/h。 | Arzt M. Floras J.S. Logan A.G. T.D. Bradley 刘相飞 | 2007 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2007，，11： | 7 |
| 11 | GROWTH MECHANISM OF TiC WHISKERS PREMRED BY A MODIFIED CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION METHOD显示文摘High quality TiC whiskers have been prepared by a modified chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using TiCl4 and CH4 as reactant gases and Ni as substrate. The deposition temperature and gas flow mies have ampreciable effect on the whisker growth.The whisker orientations and morphology are determined by X-my diffraction (XRD),scanning electron micmpmph (SEM) and transmission electron microgmph (TEM).In addition to the spherical tips, spiral growth microsteps and obvious terraces are observed at the tips and side faces of whiskers in the present eoperiment. The whiskers grow mostly along (100) direction. The whisker growth mechanism is discussed in detail. | J.S. Pan and Y. W. Yuan (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua Universityt Beijing 100084, China)(Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua Universityt Beijing 100084, China) | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，3： | 7 |
| 12 | Effect of a High Magnetic Field on the Shape of the γ' Precipitates in Cast Nickel-based Superalloy K52显示文摘The shape change of the γ' precipitates of cast Ni-based superalloy K52 after aging treatment under a high magnetic field was investigated. The results show that duplex γ' precipitates are present in the γ' matrix after aging treatment with or without the magnetic field. One is the coarse particles with average size of 500 nm; the other is fine spherical γ' precipitates with average of 100 nm in diameter. The application of a 10T magnetic field only results in the shape of the coarse γ' particles changing from spherical to cuboidal when the alloys subjected to the same heat treatments. This shape change was mainly discussed based on the strain energy increase caused by the difference in magnetostriction between the γ' matrix and γ' precipitates. The fine γ' particles still keep spherical. Further TEM observations shows that a number of γ' particles in nano-scale precipitate in the coarse γ' particles in the specimens treated without the magnetic field. In addition, it was found that the magnetic field caused the decrease of the hardness in the alloy, and the hardness was associated with the field direction. | X. Ren G.Q. Chen W.L. Zhou C.W. Wu C. Yuan J.S. Zhang | 2009 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2009，25，3： | 6 |
| 13 | 常规胸腹部多层CT矢状重组影像在检测骨质疏松骨折和脊椎异常诊断中的价值显示文摘本研究的目的是评价骨质疏松椎骨骨折和其他椎骨损伤在常规多层CT(MDCT)胸腹部扫描获得的矢状重组影像上的表现,以及在检出这些病变时矢状重组影像与横断位影像的差异,并研究这些病变在放射科报告中漏报的频度。112例绝经后妇女接受标准参数的常规腹部或胸腹部MDCT检查。横断位和矢状重组影像由2位放射科医师分别进行分析比较,并达成一致意见.以评价这些异常被检出的频度。此外还评价了放射科的报告,明确有多少异常得以诊断。112例绝经妇女中,101例显示脊椎异常。 | D. Müller J.S. Bauer M. Zeile E.J. Rummeny T.M. Link 白荣杰(译) 唐光健(校) | 2008 | 国际医学放射学杂志2008，31，5： | 6 |
| 14 | Accuracy details in realistic CFD modeling of an industrial centrifugal pump in direct and reverse modes显示文摘Numerical computation of the flowfield inside a pump is herein used as a numerical laboratory, subject to the limitations of modeling assumptions and to experimental verification. A numerical computation of the flow inside a real industrial centrifugal pump is performed that includes a very sophisticated geometry. Conversely to other computations, in this test case no simplification of the geometry was introduced. Numerical computations are obtained using Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. A detailed analysis of the turbulent flowstructure is performed for the design point and two off design conditions. Additional computations were performed in order to compare the numerical and experimental pump characteristics; these were obtained under normalized testing conditions. Further computations are presented for the pump working in reverse turbine mode (PAT). Detailed analyses of the flow allow a comparison of the internal flow losses when the pump is operating in direct and reverse mode. This is also useful to help in the selection of an adequate pump geometry that can work in both modes with best efficiency. | J.C. Páscoa F. J. Silva J.S. Pinheiro D.J. Martins | 2010 | Journal of Thermal Science2010，19，6： | 5 |
| 15 | 肝脏恶性肿瘤经导管动脉化疗性栓塞术后-过性肝脏密度差异(THAD)系列CT检查的变化显示文摘本研究的目的是研究经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)引起的一过性肝脏密度差异(THAD)的自然病程变化。对32个月内32例经导管动脉化疗栓塞术治疗后的肝细胞癌病人在系列CT检查中发现的40处THAD进行了回顾性分析。THAD定义为肝脏cT动态扫描(横断位,层厚1.9-8.8cm,平均4.9cm)肝动脉期在碘油堆积灶旁出现的局灶性、一过性、周围肝实质的强化。40处由TACE引发的THAD中,18处(45%)伴有动脉-门静脉瘘(APF),9处(23%)伴有门静脉狭窄(PVS),此外, | S.H. Hwang J.S. Yu J. Chung J.J. Chung J.H .Kim K.W. Kim 叶锦棠(译) 唐光健(校) | 2008 | 国际医学放射学杂志2008，31，5： | 4 |
| 16 | 早期血运重建与急性心肌梗死并发心源性休克患者远期存活率的关系 | Hochman J.S. Sleeper L.A. Webb J.G. 任付先 | 2006 | 世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册)2006，0，11： | 4 |
| 17 | 用阳离子捕收剂浮选硫化矿物显示文摘在铅锌矿石浮选中 ,用硫酸铜活化后浮选闪锌矿。在这种类型矿石中 ,黄铁矿通常当作脉石矿物处理 ,闪锌矿与黄铁矿和石英的浮选分离选择性不高。但是 ,黄铁矿也可能与金结合。在很多国家 (如南非和澳大利亚 )中 ,浮选这种含金的硫化矿物具有重要意义。在用十二胺作捕收剂的硫化矿阳离子浮选中 ,闪锌矿可以浮起 ,而黄铁矿和石英被抑制。在有石灰存在情况下矿浆很好充气 (特别是用过氧化氢氧化 )时 ,黄铁矿阳离子浮选性能被抑制。在硫化钠存在时 ,黄铁矿经氧化甚至在强碱性介质中也可使其可浮性恢复 (用胺作捕剂时 )。 | J.S.拉斯哥夫斯基 崔洪山 李长根 | 2003 | 国外金属矿选矿2003，40，4： | 4 |
| 18 | 私人领域与公共领域之间的辩证:关于公共福祉的重新争论显示文摘近些年来,公共福祉(public good)以及公共利益(public interest)和公益(common good)的概念,基本上从公共管理的著述中消失了.这种不关心有其理论和教育上的背景.公共管理的功能主义方法倾向着眼于理性的和工具的公共管理层面的分析上使得公共组织所面对的实质的和哲学上的争议最少化了(Ramos,1981).这篇文章就是要提出,没有对公共福祉的关心,就不会有为下一代人构建社会同情心的视野. | J.S.朱恩 孟凡民 | 2005 | 北京行政学院学报2005，，6： | 4 |
| 19 | 新闭路循环式面具呼吸测热法的研究[J]显示文摘 | 冯仰廉 MOLLISON G.S. SMITH J.S. BROCKWAY J.M | 1985 | 北京农业大学学报1985，，1： | 4 |
| 20 | Experimental investigations of graded sediment transport under unsteady flow hydrographs显示文摘自然河的隧道能在不稳定的流动条件下面处于沉积运输率经历重要变化,特别在洪水自记水位计事件期间。目前然而,处于分级的沉积运输率有在不稳定的自记水位计流动性质和时间的可变性之间的相互作用的理解的不同缺乏。在当前的学习,一系列参量的实验被进行调查二等级的沉积床的反应到不同不稳定的自记水位计流动条件的一个范围。全部、部分的水流带来的碎石沉积运输率的调查在自记水位计上在运输揭示了强壮的时间的变化,与尺寸依赖者时间落后在山峰流动条件和山峰水流带来的碎石之间观察的效果搬运率。明确地,粗糙的石子在自记水位计的升起的手足期间增加了活动性,也达到他们的山峰水流带来的碎石运输率在以前,或接近山峰流动条件。由对比,更好的等级趋于在自记水位计的后退的手足期间提高了活动性,与在山峰流动条件过去了以后,测量的山峰运输率。测量从的谷物尺寸分布收集了样品也显示了材料在后退的手足期间在升起的手足和 fining 上变粗的水流带来的碎石,当床的相应图象分析大小出现时,作文在自记水位计上显示出仅仅边缘的变化。全部、部分的沉积收益的计算表明测试的 bimodal 沉积混合在测试的所有自记水位计条件上比单峰的混合以显著地更高的率被搬运。这发现显示单峰的沉积床由于中型的石子在单峰的沉积等级介绍的增加的许多内在地是比 bimodal 床更稳定的。在学习建立的参量的依赖在洪水流动自记水位计下面在自然河的隧道以内在分级的沉积运输过程上的床表面和他们的影响为部分内部小粒的效果的改进理解有清楚的含意。 | Le Wang Alan J.S. Cuthbertson Gareth Pender Zhixian Cao | 2015 | International Journal of Sediment Research2015，30，4： | 4 |
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