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| 1 | Three-dimensional structure of a low salinity tongue in the southern Taiwan Strait observed in the summer of 2005显示文摘Cruise observations with CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) profiler were carried out in the southern Taiwan Strait in the summer of 2005. Using the cruise data, two-dimensional maps of salinity and temperature distributions at depths of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 m were generated. The maps show a low salinity tongue sandwiched by low temperature and high salinity waters on the shallow water side and high temperature and high salinity waters on the deep water side. The further analysis indicates that the low salinity water has a nature of river-diluted water. A possible source of the diluted water is the Zhujiang (Pearl) Estuary. Meanwhile, the summer monsoon is judged as a possible driving force for this northeastward jet-like current. The coastal upwelling and the South China Sea Warm Current confine the low salinity water to flow along the central line of the strait. Previous investigations and a numerical model are used to verify that the upstream of the low salinity current is the Zhujiang Estuary. Thus, the low salinity tongue is produced by four major elements: Zhujinag Estuary diluted water, monsoon wind driving, coastal upwelling and South China Sea Warm Current modifications. | HONG Huasheng ZHENG Quanan HU Jianyu CHEN Zhaozhang LI Chunyan JIANG Yuwu WAN Zhenwen | 2009 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2009，28，4： | 6 |
| 2 | Modeling the contribution of the microbial carbon pump to carbon sequestration in the South China Sea显示文摘The two key mechanisms for biologically driven carbon sequestration in oceans are the biological pump(BP) and the microbial carbon pump(MCP); the latter is scarcely simulated and quantified in the China seas. In this study, we developed a coupled physical-ecosystem model with major MCP processes in the South China Sea(SCS). The model estimated a SCSaveraged MCP rate of 1.55 mg C m^(-2) d^(-1), with an MCP-to-BP ratio of 1:6.08 when considering the BP at a depth of 1000 m.Moreover, the ecosystem responses were projected in two representative global warming scenarios where the sea surface temperature increased by 2 and 4°C. The projection suggested a declined productivity associated with the increased near-surface stratification and decreased nutrient supply, which leads to a reduction in diatom biomass and consequently the suppression of the BP. However, the relative ratio of picophytoplankton increased, inducing a higher microbial activity and a nonlinear response of MCP to the increase in temperature. On average, the ratio of MCP-to-BP at a 1000-m depth increased to 1:5.95 with surface warming of 4°C, indicating the higher impact of MCP in future ocean carbon sequestration. | Wenfang LU Yawei LUO Xiaohai YAN Yuwu JIANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，11： | 4 |
| 3 | Subtidal variability in the Taiwan Strait induced by combined forcing of winter monsoon and topography显示文摘As an important channel connecting the East and South China Seas, circulations in the Taiwan Strait are strongly influenced by the East Asian monsoon and the topography of the strait, especially the Taiwan Bank(TWB), which is a remarkable topographic feature located at the southern entrance to the strait. Based on a series of pressure gauges deployed roughly 40 km offshore along the western Strait, subtidal sea-level variability under the combined impact of winter monsoon and topography was studied. The analyses show significant along-strait coherences of subtidal sea levels and their coherences with the large-scale monsoon wind for periods from 2 to 14 days. It is suggested that these fluctuations are mainly forced waves driven by the large-scale winds. In addition to the normal cross-shore wind setup, a sea-level setup in the along-strait direction is confirmed, which is induced by the combined forcing of the fluctuating winter monsoon and the blocking of the TWB. A southward current surge driven by a northerly wind event will cause a rising sea level over the TWB inducing a southward alongshore slope anomaly to the north of the TWB and a reversed slope anomaly to the south The subtidal current through the channel to the west of the TWB is found to be influenced by the reversed slope anomalies generated via the along-shore setup. | Li LI Xiaogang GUO Enhui LIAO Yuwu JIANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，4： | 3 |
| 4 | A multicenter retrospective cohort study of ketogenic diet therapy in 481 children with infantile spasms显示文摘Background:Ketogenic diet(KD)therapy is one of the main treatments for drug-resistant epilepsy.However,the KD therapy has been applied in only a small number of infantile spasm cases.In this large multicenter study,we investigated the efficacy of KD therapy in the treatment of infantile spasms.Methods:In this retrospective,multicenter cohort study,clinical data from main epilepsy centers were analyzed.Patients were classified into different groups according to age,type of drug and whether glucocorticoid was used before initiation of KD.Results:From October 2014 to March 2020,481 patients(308 males and 173 females)with infantile spasms were treated with the KD therapy.The age of the patients ranged from 2 months to 20 years,with a mean age of 1 year and 10 months.The number of anti-seizure medications(ASMs)used before KD initiation ranged 0-6,with a median of 3.In different time from initiation(1,3,6,and 12 months),the rates of seizure freedom after KD were 6.9,11.6;16.0 and 16.8%,respectively(x^(2)=27.1772,P<0.0001).There was a significant difference in the rate of seizure freedom between 3 months and 1 month(x^(2)=6.5498,P=0.0105)groups,and 6 months and 3 months(x^(2)=3.8478,P=0.0498)groups,but not between 12 months and 6 months(x^(2)=0.1212,P=0.7278)groups.The rates of effectiveness were 44.7;62.8,49.1 and 32.0%(x^(2)=93.2674,P<0.0001),respectively.The retention rates were 94.0,82.5,55.7 and 33.1%(x^(2)=483.7551,P<0.0001),correspondingly.The rate of effectiveness and the retention rate of KD were significantly different among the 1,3,6 and 12 months.KD treatment was the first choice in 25 patients(5.2%),55 patients(11.4%)started KD after the failure of the first ASM,158 patients(32.8%)started KD after the failure of the second ASM,157 patients(32.6%)started KD after the failure of the third drug,and 86 patients(17.9%)started KD after the failure of the fourth and more.The KD effect was not related to the number of ASMs used before KD startup(P>0.05).Two hundred and eighteen patients(45.3%)failed to respond to corticotropin or glucocorticoid before initiation.There was no significant difference in the effectiveness rate at different time points between the group of KD therapy after glucocorticoid failure and the group after non-hormone failure (x^(2)=0.8613,P=0.8348).The rate of adverse events of KD in 1,3,6,and 12 months after KD initiation were 22.3,21.7,16.8 and 6.9%,respectively.The adverse events mainly occurred during the first 3 months of KD,and the main adverse events were gastrointestinal disturbance and constipation.Conclusions:The efficacy of the KD treatment for infantile spasms was not affected by age,medication,and glucocorticoid use before initiation.KD is one of the effective treatments for infantile spasms. | Yuanzhen Ye Dan Sun Hua Li Jianmin Zhong Rong Luo Baomin Li Dengna Zhu Dan Li Shaoping Huang Yuwu Jiang Nong Xiao Yucai Chen Yuqin Zhang Mei Yu Xiaoyun Shen Li Gao Guo Zheng Congmin Zhao Baoqiang Yuan Jianxiang Liao Jiong Qin CAAE KD group | 2022 | Acta Epileptologica2022，5，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Effect of recurrent epileptiform discharges induced by magnesium-free treatment on developing cortical neurons in vitro 显示文摘 | Cao Haiyan Jiang Yuwu Liu Zhenwei | 2003 | Brain Res Dev Brain Res2003，142，： | 1 |
| 6 | Consensus on pediatric epilepsy Che up surgery for young children:an investigation by the China Association Against Epilepsy task force on epilepsy surgery显示文摘Researchers have widely acknowledged the therapeutic value of epilepsy surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy.None-theless,there is a substantial gap in the surgical treatment for appropriate candidates owing to several factors,particularly in the population of young children.To standardize the protocols of preoperative evaluation and sur-gery of young children for epilepsy surgery,the China Association Against Epilepsy has appointed an expert task force to standardize the protocols of preoperative evaluation and surgery in pediatric epilepsy patients.It adopted the modifed Delphi method and performed two rounds of surveys through an anonymous inquiry among 75 experts from four subgroups including pediatric neurologists,epileptologists,pediatric epilepsy surgeons,and functional neurosurgeons.The survey contents contained:(1)the participants,comprising children aged≤6 years;(2)adopted DRE definition proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy in 2010;and(3)investigated epilepsy surgery,principally referring to curative epilepsy surgeries.The neuromodulation therapies were excluded because of the differences in treatment mechanisms from the above-mentioned surgeries.According to the Delphi process,a con-sensus was achieved for most aspects by incorporating two rounds of surveys including preoperative assessment,sur-gical strategies and techniques,and perioperative and long-term postoperative management,despite controversial opinions on certain items.We hope the results of this consensus will improve the level of surgical treatment and man-agement of intractable epilepsy in young children. | Lixin Cai Kai Zhang Wenjing Zhou Xiaoqiu Shao Yuguang Guan Tao Yu Ye Wu Shuhua Chen Rui Zhao Shuli Liang Xun Wu Guoming Luan Yuwu Jiang Jianguo Zhang Xiaoyan Liu | 2023 | Acta Epileptologica2023，6，3： | 1 |
| 7 | New insight into smart ocean:how is it different from digital ocean?显示文摘Oceans occupy approximately seventy-one percent of the earth’s surface,and vast regions of oceans are virtually unexplored,especially the deep parts where humans have never been.Therefore,it is urgent to understand our oceans from a number of perspectives.In this paper,the concept of Smart Ocean(SO)is constructed from the perspectives of environmental protection,sustainable development of the blue economy and marine disaster prevention and mitigation.First,a doublefunnel structure concept model of SO,including ocean observation infrastructure,data,information,application,knowledge and decision support layers,is put forward.Second,the differences between SO and Digital Ocean(DO)are analyzed.Third,taking the Decision Support System for Emergency at Taiwan Strait as an example,a case study,which has assisted in saving more than 200 people,is introduced.Finally,future research agenda is summarized into seven aspects,including new instrumentation and sensor technologies,ocean big data mining and knowledge discovering,prediction,forecast and uncertainty analysis,ocean environment protection technologies and policy,sustainable use of ocean energy and resource,the influence and response to global changes in the ocean,and interdisciplinary collaboration and public service. | Xin Zhang Wanqian Deng Yuwu Jiang | 2019 | International Journal of Digital Earth2019，12，12： | 0 |
| 8 | Clinical phenotype features and genetic etiologies of 38 children with progressive myoclonic epilepsy显示文摘Background:Progressive myoclonic epilepsy(PME)is a group of neurodegenerative diseases with genetic heterogeneity and phenotypic similarities,and many cases remain unknown of the genetic causes.This study is aim to summarize the clinical features and study the genetic causes of PME patients.Methods:Sanger sequencing of the target gene,Next Generation Sequencing(NGS)panels of epilepsy,trio-based Whole Exome Sequencing(WES)and detection of cytosine-adenine-guanine(CAG)repeat number were used to investigate the genetic causes of PME patients.Results:Thirty-eight children with PME whose seizure onset age ranged from 3 months to 12 years were collected from February 2012 to November 2019 in three hospitals in Beijing,China.The seizure types included myoclonic seizures(n=38),focal seizures(n=19),generalized tonic-clonie seizure(GTCS)(n=13),absence seizures(n=4),atonic seizures(n=3),epileptic spasms(n=2)and tonic seizures(n=1).Twenty-seven cases were sporadic and 11 had family members affected.Established PME-related genes were identified in 30 out of 38(78.9%)patients who had either recessively inherited or de novo heterozygous mutations.Among these 30 cases,there were 12 cases(31.6%)of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses(the causing gene contains TPP1,PPT1,CLN5,CLN6 and MFSD8),two cases of sialidosis(the causing gene is NEU1),two cases of neuronopathic Gaucher disease(the causing gene is GBA),one case of spinal muscular atrophy-progressive myoclonic epilepsy(the causing gene is ASAH1),four cases of KCNC1 mutation-related PME,four cases of KCTD7 mutation-related PME,two cases of TBC1D24 mutation-related PME,one case of GOSR2 related PME,and two of dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy(the causing gene is ATN1).In total,13 PME genes were identified in our cohort.The etiology was not clear in eight patients.Conclusion:PME is a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases.Genetic diagnosis was clear in 78.9%of PME patients.Various of genetic testing methods could increase the rate of genetic diagnosis.Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses(NCL)is the most common etiology of PME in children.Nearly one third PME children were diagnosed with NCL.GOSR2 related PME was in our cohort in Asia for the first time. | Jing Zhang Ying Yang Xueyang Niu Jiaoyang Chen Wei Sun Changhong Ding Lifang Dai Liping Zhang Qi Zeng Yi Chen Xiaojuan Tian Xiaoling Yang Taoyun Ji Zhixian Yang Yanling Yang Yuwu Jiang Yuehua Zhang | 2020 | Acta Epileptologica2020，2，1： | 0 |
| 9 | Using video imagery to reconstruct the 3D intertidal terrain along a beach with multiple cusps显示文摘A high-frequency,high-resolution shore-based video monitoring system(VMS)was installed on a macrotidal(tidal amplitude>4 m)beach with multiple cusps along the Quanzhou coast,China.Herein,we propose a video imagery-based method that is coupled with waterline and water level observations to reconstruct the terrain of the intertidal zone over one tidal cycle.Furthermore,the beach cusp system(BCS)was precisely processed and embedded into the digital elevation model(DEM)to more effectively express the microrelief and detailed characteristics of the intertidal zone.During a field experiment conducted in January 2022,the reconstructed DEM was deemed satisfactory.The DEM was verified by RTK-GPS and had an average vertical root mean square error along corresponding RTK-GPS-derived intertidal profiles and corresponding BCS points of 0.134 m and 0.065 m,respectively.The results suggest that VMSs are an effective tool for investigating coastal geomorphic processes. | Feng Cai Hang Yin Hongshuai Qi Jixiang Zheng Yuwu Jiang Zhubin Cao Yanyu He | 2023 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2023，42，7： | 0 |
| 10 | Effects of physical exercise on the developmental expression of hippocampal zinc transporter 1 and glutamate receptor subunit 2, and on cognitive function in a rat model of recurrent neonatal seizure显示文摘BACKGROUND: Developmental seizures are pathologically characterized by regenerative sprouting of hippocampal mossy fibers rich in Zn2+. Zn2+ metabolism in the mossy fiber pathway, and Zn2+ accumulation in presynaptic membrane vesicles, are dependent on zinc transporter 1 (ZnT1) and glutamate receptor subunit 2 (GluR2). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of long-term recurrent neonatal seizure, in the presence and absence of physical exercise, on the developmental expression of hippocampal zinc transporter 1 (ZnT1) and GluR2, and on cognitive function in rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Based on behavioral examination and molecular biological research, a randomized, controlled animal experiment was performed at the Department of Neurobiology, Medical College of Soochow University, between January 2007 and April 2008. MATERIALS: Twenty-one 6-day-old Sprague Dawley rats of either gender were employed in this study. ZnT1 mRNA in situ hybridization kit was provided by Tianjin Haoyang Biological Manufacture Co.,Ltd., China. Rabbit anti-GluR2 was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech, Inc, USA. METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into a recurrent seizure group (n = 11) and a control group (n = 10). In the recurrent seizure group, 30-minute seizure was induced by flurothyl gas inhalation for a total of 6 consecutive days. Rats from the control group underwent experimental procedures similar to the recurrent seizure group, with the exception of flurothyl gas inhalation. Thirty minutes of treadmill exercise was performed daily by all rats at postnatal days 51–56. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At postnatal day 82, rat hippocampal tissue was harvested for analysis of hippocampal ZnT1 and GluR2 expression by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Rat learning and memory capabilities were examined using the Y-maze test. RESULTS: In the recurrent seizure group, the gray scale value of ZnT1 in situ hybridization positive neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region was significantly greater (P < 0.05), while the gray scale value of GluR2 immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal hilus and dentate gyrus was significantly lower (P < 0.05), than in the control group. At postnatal days 29–35, numbers of trials to criteria for successful learning were greater in the recurrent seizure group than in the control group (P < 0.05); at postnatal days 61–67, the numbers of trials to criteria for successful learning were similar between the two groups (P > 0.05). At postnatal days 29–35 and 61–67, there was no significant difference in memory capability between the recurrent seizure and control groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Physical exercise likely improves the learning deficits caused by recurrent neonatal seizure in rats during brain development by modulating ZnT1 and GluR2 expression. | Hong Ni Yuwu Jiang Weiming Jiang Zhedong Wang Xiru Wu | 2009 | Neural Regeneration Research2009，4，1： | 0 |
| 11 | Strategic Environmental Assessment:A New Tool for Ecological Urbanization of Coastal Cities in China显示文摘Recently, there has been growing concerns about environmental issues related to urbanization in China. The intense natural resources utilization and increasing population has brought great pressure, especially in coastal areas, consequently affecting the sustainable development of coastal cities. In 2002, Environmental Impact Assessment Act (EIA Act) was enacted in China. Environmental impact assessment targeted at planning, one level of strategic environmental assessment (SEA), thus became a legislative requirement. This paper considers SEA to be one of the important approaches not only to control coastal pollution, but also to conserve coastal ecosystems and finally to achieve sustainable development during urbanization, thus it will be a set an example for other areas of China. The experience of SEA in Xiamen, a coastal city in southeast China, illustrates the potentials of SEA. This paper first briefly introduces the concept and potentials of SEA, then compares two SEA cases and a project EIA case in Xiamen, and finally identifies the key characteristics of SEA. | Fang Qinhua Zhang Luoping Hong Huasheng Chen Weiqi Jiang Yuwu Chen Bin | 2006 | Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment2006，4，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Effective treatment of NR2F1-related epilepsy with perampanel显示文摘Background NR2F1 mutations are associated with Bosch-Boonstra-Schaaf optic atrophy syndrome(BBSOAS).Although~46.7%of BBSOAS patients present with epilepsy,which is always drug-resistant and associated with higher rates of behavioral and cognitive problems,the treatment and outcomes of NR2F1-related epilepsy have rarely been described.Here,we present new cases of BBSOAS-related epilepsy and summarize all previously reported cases to explore the effective treatment for this type of epilepsy.Methods We identified six new Chinese cases of BBSOAS with epilepsy.Five different de novo heterozygous NR2F1 mutations were identified in these cases,including two novel mutations c.365G>T,p.Cys122Phe and c.449G>T,p.Gly150Val.By combining the six cases and 14 previously reported cases,we analyzed the characteristics and treatment outcomes of NR2F1-related epilepsy.Results Twelve of the 20 patients(60%)had infantile epileptic spasms,while the other patients had generalized tonic/tonic-clonic,focal,myoclonic,absence,or unclassified seizures.Several anti-seizure medications,steroids,and a ketogenic diet were administered in these cases.However,seizures were controlled in only 50%of previously reported cases,while all of the six new cases became seizure-free after perampanel as an add-on treatment.The average time from the addition of perampanel to seizure control was 7.33±4.59 months(range,1–12 months).The median time to seizure freedom was 14 months(1–32 months,>19 months in 3 cases).The average dosage of perampanel needed for epilepsy control was 0.22±0.17 mg/kg per day.Conclusions In this paper,we comprehensively summarized the clinical characteristics,treatments and outcomes of NR2F1-related epilepsy for the first time.Perampanel exhibits dramatic efficacy for NR2F1-related epilepsy.This will help optimize the treatment of this type of epilepsy and provide clues for its pathogenic mechanisms.The two novel mutations expand the genotype spectrum of this disease. | Xiao Li Kai Gao Yutang Li Yuehua Zhang Han Zhang Yuwu Jiang | 2023 | Acta Epileptologica2023，6，4： | 0 |
| 13 | Zinc transporter-3 expression and long-term cognitive impairments in a rat model of neonatal concurrent seizure显示文摘BACKGROUND:Developmental seizures,which are pathologically characterized by regenerative sprouting of hippocampal mossy fibers,cause long-term damaging effects to synaptic plasticity.Zn^(2+) metabolism has been shown to contribute to the regenerative sprouting of hippocampal mossy fibers. Furthermore,zinc transporter-3(ZnT3) is responsible for Zn^(2+) transport in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of long-term recurrent neonatal seizures on learning, memory formation and hippocampal ZnT3 expression in rats. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Based on molecular biological research and behavioral examination, a randomized,controlled,animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory Animal Center, Peking University Health Science Center,between October 2004 and July 2005. MATERIALS:Flurothyl was purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co.,USA.ZnT3 mRNA in situ hybridization kits were provided by Tianjin Haoyang Biological Manufacture Co.,Ltd.,China.Morris water maze was produced by Shanghai Jiliang Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,China. METHODS:Sixty,6-day old,Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:single seizure(n =21),recurrent seizure(n=21,one seizure daily for 6 consecutive days),and control(n=18). Seizures were induced by flurothyl gas inhalation,in the single seizure and recurrent seizure groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:At postnatal days 12,46 and 90,rat hippocampal ZnT3 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR;at postnatal days 46 and 90,ZnT3 mRNA expression was determined by in situ hybridization;and at postnatal days 41-46 and 85-90,rat spatial learning and memory formation were examined by the Morris water maze test. RESULTS:RT-PCR results revealed that at postnatal day 12,ZnT3 expression was significantly greater in the recurrent seizure group than in the control and single seizure groups,and at day 46,it was also significantly greater in the recurrent seizure group compared with the control group(P<0.05).In situ hybridization results showed that at postnatal day 46,the recurrent seizure group exhibited increased hippocampal ZnT3 expression over the control and single seizure groups(P<0.05).Morris water maze test results displayed that,in the first place navigation test at postnatal day 44,and the second test at days 87-88,the recurrent seizure group exhibited significantly higher value of average escape latency compared with the control group(P<0.05).In the two spatial probe tests,the search strategies were significantly inferior in the recurrent seizure group than in the control and single seizure groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Neonatal concurrent seizures produce long-term damaging effects on hippocampal ZnT3 expression and cognitive function,while both of which have no parallel correlation. | Hong Ni Yuwu Jiang Luyang Tao Zhenghong Qin Xiru Wu | 2009 | Neural Regeneration Research2009，4，8： | 0 |
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