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| 1 | Abiotic and Biotic Stresses and Changes in the Lignin Content and Composition in Plants显示文摘Lignin is a polymer of phenylpropanoid compounds formed through a complex biosynthesis route,represented by a metabolic grid for which most of the genes involved have been sequenced in several plants,mainly in the model-plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus.Plants are exposed to different stresses,which may change lignin content and composition.In many cases,particularly for plant-microbe interactions,this has been suggested as defence responses of plants to the stress.Thus,understanding how a stressor modulates expression of the genes related with lignin biosynthesis may allow us to develop study-models to increase our knowledge on the metabolic control of lignin deposition in the cell wall.This review focuses on recent literature reporting on the main types of abiotic and biotic stresses that alter the biosynthesis of lignin in plants. | Jullyana Cristina Magalhaes Silva Moura Cesar Augusto Valencise Bonine Juliana de Oliveira Fernandes Viana Marcelo Carnier Dornelas Paulo Mazzafera | 2010 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2010，52，4： | 45 |
| 2 | Diabetic neuropathic pain:Physiopathology and treatment显示文摘Diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes,which affects over 90% of the diabetic patients.Although pain is one of the main symptoms of diabetic neuropathy,its pathophysiological mechanisms are not yet fully known.It is widely accepted that the toxic effects of hyperglycemia play an important role in the development of this complication,but several other hypotheses have been postulated.The management of diabetic neuropathic pain consists basically in excluding other causes of painful peripheral neuropathy,improving glycemic control as a prophylactic therapy and using medications to alleviate pain.First line drugs for pain relief include anticonvulsants,such as pregabalin and gabapentin and antidepressants,especial y those that act to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline.In addition,there is experimental and clinical evidence that opioids can be helpful in pain control,mainly if associated with first line drugs.Other agents,including for topical application,such as capsaicin cream and lidocaine patches,have also been proposed to be useful as adjuvants in the control of diabetic neuropathic pain,but the clinical evidence is insufficient to support their use.In conclusion,a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying diabetic neuropathic pain will contribute to the search of new therapies,but also to the improvement of the guidelines to optimize pain control with the drugs currently available. | Anne K Schreiber Carina FM Nones Renata C Reis Juliana G Chichorro Joice M Cunha | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，3： | 34 |
| 3 | Polymorphisms of the TLR2 and TLR4 genes are associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Brazilian population显示文摘AIM:To investigate toll-like receptor 2(TLR2)-196 to-174 del,and TLR4(+896A/G rs4986790 and +1196C/T rs4986791) polymorphisms at risk of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer in a Brazilian population and association of gastric lesions with risk factors such as smoking,alcohol intake and Helicobacter pylori infection.METHODS:In this case-control study,polymorphism at TLR2-196 to-174 del was investigated by using the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method,while the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was carried out to identify the TLR4(rs4986790 and rs4986791) genotypes in 607 Brazilian individuals(208 with chronic gastritis-CG,174 with gastric cancer-GC and 225 controls-C).RESULTS:The single nucleotide polymorphisms TLR4 +1196C/T was not associated with risk of chronic gastritis or gastric cancer and the homozygous genotypes TLR4 +896GG and TLR4 +1196TT were absent in the studied population.However,the frequency of TLR2-196 to-174 ins/del + del/del and TLR4 +896AG genotypes was significantly higher(P < 0.01 and P = 0.01,respectively) in the cancer group(33.4% and 11.5%,respectively) than in the control group(16.9% and 4.5%,respectively).It was also observed that the G-C haplotype of the TLR4 +896A/G+1196C/T(P = 0.02) and the combination of variant alleles of the TLR2 /TLR4 +896G(P = 0.02) are associated with susceptibility to gastric cancer.In addition,the multiple logistic regression showed that male gender [odds ratio(OR) = 2.70;95% CI:1.66-4.41;P < 0.01],alcohol intake(OR = 2.93;95% CI:1.76-4.87;P < 0.01),TLR2-196 to-174 del(OR = 2.64;95% CI:1.56-4.44;P < 0.01) and TLR4 +896G(OR = 3.19;95% CI:1.347.61;P < 0.01) polymorphisms were associated with a higher susceptibility to developing this neoplasm.CONCLUSION:Our data indicate that TLR2-196 to-174 del and TLR4 +896G may increase the risk of gastric cancer in a Brazilian population. | Juliana Garcia de Oliveira Ana Elizabete Silva | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，11： | 20 |
| 4 | Epigenetic regulation of DNA repair machinery in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis显示文摘Although thousands of DNA damaging events occur in each cell every day,efficient DNA repair pathways have evolved to counteract them. The DNA repair machinery plays a key role in maintaining genomic stability by avoiding the maintenance of mutations. The DNA repair enzymes continuously monitor the chromosomes to correct any damage that is caused by exogenous and endogenous mutagens. If DNA damage in proliferating cells is not repaired because of an inadequate expression of DNA repair genes,it might increase the risk of cancer. In addition to mutations,which can be either inherited or somatically acquired,epigenetic silencing of DNA repair genes has been associated with carcinogenesis. Gastric cancer represents the second highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The disease develops from the accumulation of several genetic and epigenetic changes during the lifetime. Among the risk factors,Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is considered the main driving factor to gastric cancer development. Thus,in this review,we summarize the current knowledge of the role of H. pylori infection on the epigenetic regulation of DNA repair machinery in gastric carcinogenesis. | Juliana Carvalho Santos Marcelo Lima Ribeiro | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，30： | 19 |
| 5 | Microbiota modification by probiotic supplementation reduces colitis associated colon cancer in mice显示文摘AIM To investigate the effect of probiotic supplementation during the development of an experimental model of colitis associated colon cancer(CAC). METHODS C57 BL/6 mice received an intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane(10 mg/kg), followed by three cycles of sodium dextran sulphate diluted in water(5% w/v). Probiotic group received daily a mixture of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacil us rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium bifidum. Microbiota composition was assessed by 16 Sr RNA Illumina Hi Seq sequencing. Colon samples were collected for histological analysis. Tumor cytokines was assessed by Real Time-PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction); and serum cytokines by Multiplex assay. All tests were two-sided. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Graphs were generated and statistical analysis performed using the software Graph Pad Prism 5.0. The project was approved by the institutional review board committee. RESULTS At day 60 after azoxymethane injection, the mean number of tumours in the probiotic group was 40% lower than that in the control group, and the probiotic group exhibited tumours of smaller size(< 2 mm)(P < 0.05). There was no difference in richness and diversity between groups. However, there was a significant difference in beta diversity in the multidimensional scaling analysis. The abundance of the genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Allobaculum, Clostridium XI and Clostridium XVⅢ increased in the probiotic group(P < 0.05). The microbial change was accompanied by reduced colitis, demonstrated by a 46% reduction in the colon inflammatory index; reduced expression of the serum chemokines RANTES and Eotaxin; decreased p-IKK and TNF-α and increased IL-10 expression in the colon. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a potential chemopreventive effect of probiotic on CAC. Probiotic supplementation changes microbiota structure and regulates the inflammatory response, reducing colitis and preventing CAC. | Maria Carolina S Mendes Daiane SM Paulino Sandra R Brambilla Juliana A Camargo Gabriela F Persinoti José Barreto C Carvalheira | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，18： | 17 |
| 6 | Spontaneous rupture of hepatic hemangiomas:A review of the literature显示文摘Hepatic hemangiomas are congenital vascular malformations,considered the most common benign mesenchymal hepatic tumors,composed of masses of blood vessels that are atypical or irregular in arrangement and size. Hepatic hemangiomas can be divided into two major groups:capillary hemangiomas and cavernous hemangiomas These tumors most frequently affect females (80%) and adults in their fourth and fifth decades of life. Most cases are asymptomatic although a few patients may present with a wide variety of clinical symptoms,with spontaneous or traumatic rupture being the most severe complication. In cases of spontaneous rupture,clinical manifestations consist of sudden abdominal pain,and anemia secondary to ahaemoperitoneum. Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy can also occur. Haemodynamic instability and signs of hypovolemic shock appear in about one third of cases. As the size of the hemangioma increases,so does the chance of rupture. Imaging studies used in the diagnosis of hepatic hemangiomas include ultrasonography,dynamic contrast-enchanced computed tomography scanning,magnetic resonance imaging,hepatic arteriography,digital subtraction angiography,and nuclear medicine studies. In most cases hepatic hemangiomas are asymptomatic and should be followed up by means of periodic radiological examination. Sur gery should be restricted to specific situations. Absolute indications for surgery are spontaneous or trau m atic rupture with hemoperitoneum,intratumoral blee ding and consumptive coagulopathy (Kassabach-Merrit syndrome). In a patient presenting with acute abdo minal pain due to unknown abdominal disease,sponta neous rupture of a hepatic tumor such as a hemangio ma should be considered as a rare differential diagnosis. | Marcelo AF Ribeiro Francine Papaiordanou Juliana M Gonalves Eleazar Chaib | 2010 | World Journal of Hepatology2010，2，12： | 12 |
| 7 | Adjuvant heparanase inhibitor PI-88 therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence显示文摘AIM: To demonstrate that administering heparanase inhibitor PI-88 at 160 mg/d is safe and promising in reducing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) recurrence for up to 3 year following curative resection. METHODS: A total of 143 patients(83.1% of the 172 participants in the phase Ⅱ study) participated in the follow-up study. Of these patients, 50 had received no treatment, 48 had received 160 mg/d PI-88, and 45 had received 250 mg/d PI-88 during the phase Ⅱ trial. Safety parameters and the following efficacy endpoints were investigated:(1) time to recurrence;(2) diseasefree survival; and(3) overall survival. RESULTS: PI-88 at 160 mg/d delayed the onset and frequency of HCC recurrence, and provided a clinically significant survival advantage for up to 3 years after treatment compared with those of the control group:(1) the recurrence-free rate increased from 50% to 63%, and(2) time to recurrence at the 36 th percentile was postponed by 78%. The efficacy of administering PI-88 at 250 mg/d was confounded by a high dropout rate(11 out of 54 patients). Additionally, subgroup analyses of patients with(1) multiple tumors or a single tumor ≥ 2 cm; and(2) hepatitis B or C revealed that administering PI-88 at 160 mg/d conferred the most significant survival advantage(56.8% improvement in disease-free survival, P = 0.045) for patients with both risk factors for recurrence. CONCLUSION: Administering PI-88 at 160 mg/d is a safe and well-tolerated dosage that may confer significant clinical benefits for patients with HCC. | Chun-Jen Liu Juliana Chang Po-Huang Lee Deng-Yn Lin Cheng-Chung Wu Long-Bin Jeng Yih-Jyh Lin King-Tong Mok Wei-Chen Lee Hong-Zen Yeh Ming-Chih Ho Sheng-Shun Yang Mei-Due Yang Ming-Chin Yu Rey-Heng Hu Cheng-Yuan Peng Kuan-Lang Lai Stanley Shi-Chung Chang Pei-Jer Chen | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，32： | 11 |
| 8 | Prostate cancer: the need for biomarkers and new therapeutic targets显示文摘研究目的:这篇综述系统地阐述了前列腺癌的发生、发展、相关分子信号通路以及分子标志物用于前列腺癌的临床诊断和前列腺癌诊治所面临的挑战。重要结论:许多分子信号通路通过影响细胞生长、凋亡、血管生成等病理生理过程而参与了前列腺癌的起始、发生和发展。这些研究基础有助于寻找前列腺癌的肿瘤标志物和改进前列腺癌的治疗。虽然去势治疗是早期前列腺癌治疗的金标准,但是晚期的激素抵抗型前列腺癌(CRPC)的治疗仍面临着巨大的挑战。所幸的是,目前研究发现可以通过切断特异的蛋白-蛋白相互作用或者通过调节某些影响肿瘤生长和转移的关键分子来治疗前列腺癌,能减少传统治疗所带来的副作用;相关临床研究已开始实施。这些研究进展给前列腺癌的诊治带来了新的曙光。 | Juliana FELGUEIRAS Joana Vieira SILVA Margarida FARDILHA | 2014 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2014，15，1： | 11 |
| 9 | 镉对生命活动的毒作用机制显示文摘镉是一种众所周知的环境毒物,对人体健康有重大危害。镉与众多疾病相关,例如癌症、神经退化性疾病和代谢综合征等。虽然疾病种类各异,但是都与镉的化学性质和毒作用机制有关。镉易与含硫氮功能基结合,从而取代金属酶内的必需元素锌。镉的促炎症效应伴随促炎因子[肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素(IL)-1、IL-6]的大量产生和抗炎因子(IL-1拮抗剂、IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IL-13)的明显减少,并且镉的促炎症活性与其通过各种途径所诱导的氧化应激紧密相关。镉还能取代各种蛋白质内的铁铜原子,从而增加自由氧化还原反应的活性金属库,激活芬顿(Fenton)反应;反之,镉对电子传递链的抑制损害了对氧气的利用,增加了活性氧的产生。最后,镉对抗氧化酶的抑制加剧自由基对核酸等生物大分子的损伤,引起遗传毒性并改变基因调控。因此,干扰镉的毒作用机制是预防镉暴露不良健康效应的有效措施。 | Alexey A.TINKOV Olga P.AJSUVAKOVA Jan AASETH Yordanka G.GLUHCHEVA Juliana M.IVANOVA Geir BJФRKLUND Margarita G.SKALNAYA Oksana A.SKALNAYA 黄百粲 林雪 Anatoly V.SKALNY | 2018 | 环境与职业医学2018，35，5： | 11 |
| 10 | Relationship between obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in elderly Chinese subjects显示文摘Objective To investigate the relative effects of degree and distribution of body fat with several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in elderly Chinese subjects.Methods One-hundred and thirty-five elderly Chinese individuals (age range, 60-65 y) without any history of significant renal, hepatic or cardiac disease were recruited. Seated blood pressure, anthropometric and fasting plasma biochemical parameters were measured. Student’s t-test was used to compare the differences in biochemical and anthropometric markers between cohorts.Results Males were heavier (64.6±8.6, 57.2±8.2?kg, P<0.001), taller (1.65±0.06, 1.51± 0.05 m, P<0.001) and their greater body fat was predominantly deposited centrally (Waist-to-hip ratio, 0.91±0.06, 0.88±0.07, P<0.05). Females were more generally obese with increased body mass index (BMI, 23.8±4.6, 25.0±3.5 kg/m 2, P<0.05) and percentage body fat [26.3% (24.5%-28.1%) vs 37.2% (36.0%-38.9%), P<0.001] than the males. However, despite an 11% higher proportion of body fat in females, no significant differences were identified in blood pressure, lipid profile, indices of insulin resistance or albumin-to-creatinine ratios.Conclusion It is likely that central adiposity contributes disproportionately to these metabolic disorders in males even though they are much leaner than elderly Chinese females. | G Neil THOMAS 赵海潞 马艳青 Wilson YS LEUNG Juliana CN CHAN Brian TOMLINSON Julian AJH CRITCHLEY 梁润成 陈重娥 汤宁信 郭志良 | 2002 | Chinese Medical Journal2002，，6： | 11 |
| 11 | “历史性城镇景观”方法纳入《操作指南》的过程和意义显示文摘HUL方法纳入《操作指南》的过程
2015年7月6日,世界遗产委员会重点审议了本届大会《实施世界遗产公约操作指南》(2013版)(以下简称《操作指南》)工作组起草的修改《操作指南》的决议草案。最终确定将“历史性城镇景观”(Historic Urban Landscape,HUL)作为一种文化遗产的保护方法(而非一类新的世界遗产类型)纳入《操作指南》中,以指导世界遗产地提名、髓录、保护与管理工作。 | 邵甬 朱丽娜 Juliana Forero | 2015 | 世界遗产2015，0，9： | 10 |
| 12 | TLR2 and TLR4 polymorphisms influence m RNA and protein expression in colorectal cancer显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of promoter region polymorphisms of toll-like receptor(TLR)2-196 to-174 del and TLR4-1607T/C(rs10759932) on m RNA and protein expression in tumor tissue and of TLR4+896A/G(rs4986790) on colorectal cancer(CRC) risk.METHODS: The TLR2-196 to-174 del polymorphism was investigated using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and the TLR4-1607T/C and TLR4+896A/G by PCR-restriction fragment length p o l y m o r p h i s m( R F L P). W e g e n o t y p e d 4 3 4 D N A samples from 194 CRC patients and 240 healthy individuals. The m RNA relative quantification(RQ) was performed in 40 tumor tissue samples by quantitative PCR Taq Man assay, using specific probes for TLR2 and TLR4 genes, and ACTB and GAPDH reference geneswere used as endogenous controls. Protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry with specific primary antibodies.RESULTS: No association was found for TLR4-1607T/C and TLR4+896A/G by three statistical models(logadditive, dominant and recessive). However, based on dominant and log-additive models, the polymorphic variant TLR2-196 to-174 del was associated with increased CRC risk [dominant: odds ratio(OR) = 1.72, 95%CI: 1.03-2.89; P = 0.038 and log-additive: OR =1.59, 95%CI: 1.02-2.48; P = 0.039]. TLR2 m RNA expression was increased in tumor tissue(RQ = 2.36) when compared to adjacent normal tissue(RQ = 1; P < 0.0001), whereas the TLR4 m RNA showed a basal expression(RQ = 0.74 vs RQ = 1, P = 0.452). Immunohistochemistry analysis of TLR2 and TLR4 protein expression was concordant with the findings of m RNA expression. In addition, the TLR2-196 to-174 del variant carriers showed m RNA relative expression 2.19 times higher than wild-genotype carriers. The TLR2 protein expression was also higher for the TLR2-196 to-174 del variant carriers [117 ± 10 arbitrary unit(a.u.) vs 95 ± 4 a.u., P = 0.03]. However, for the TLR4-1607T/C polymorphism no significant difference was found for both m RNA(P = 0.56) and protein expression(P = 0.26).CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that TLR2-196 to-174 del polymorphism increases TLR2 m RNA expression and is associated with higher CRC risk, indicating an important role in CRC genetic susceptibility. | Marcela Alcantara Proenca Juliana Garcia de Oliveira Aline Cristina Targa Cadamuro Maysa Succi Joao Gomes Netinho Eny Maria Goloni-Bertolo érika Cristina Pavarino Ana Elizabete Silva | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，25： | 9 |
| 13 | Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori influence gene expression and risk of gastric carcinogenesis in the Brazilian population显示文摘BACKGROUND Toll-like receptors(TLRs)are the first line of host defense,and are involved in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)recognition and activation of both inflammatory and carcinogenic processes.The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in genes that activate the immune response may modulate the risk of precancerous lesions and gastric cancer(GC).Among them,Toll-like receptor 9(TLR9)polymorphisms have emerged with a risk factor of infectious diseases and cancer,however the studies are still inconclusive.AIM To evaluate whether TLR9 rs5743836 and rs187084 SNPs contribute to the risk of gastric carcinogenesis,and its influence on mRNA expression.METHODS A case-control study was conducted to evaluate two TLR9 SNPs(TLR9-1237 TCrs5743836 and TLR9-1486 CT-rs187084)in chronic gastritis(CG)and GC patients.A total of 609 DNA samples of peripheral blood[248 CG,161 GC,and 200 samples from healthy individuals(C)]were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.All samples were tested for the H.pylori infection using Hpx1 and Hpx2 primers.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction by TaqMan?assay was used to quantify TLR9 mRNA from fresh gastric tissues(48 GC,26 CG,and 14 C).RESULTS For TLR9-1237,the TC+CC or CC genotypes were associated with a higher risk of GC than C[recessive model odds ratio(OR)=5.01,95%confidence interval(CI):2.52-9.94,P<0.0001],and the CG(recessive model OR=4.63;95%CI:2.44-8.79,P<0.0001)groups.For TLR9-1486,an association between the CT+TT genotypes and increased risk of both GC(dominant model OR=2.72,95%CI:1.57-4.72,P<0.0001)and CG(dominant model OR=1.79,95%CI:1.15-2.79,P=0.0094)was observed when compared to the C group.Moreover,the presence of TLR9-1237 TC/CC+TLR9-1486 CC genotypes potentiate the risk for this neoplasm(OR=18.57;95%CI:5.06-68.15,P<0.0001).The TLR9 mRNA level was significantly higher in the GC group(RQ=9.24,P<0.0001)in relation to the CG group(RQ=1.55,P=0.0010)and normal mucosa(RQ=1.0).When the samples were grouped according to the polymorphic genotypes and the presence of H.pylori infection,an influence of TLR9-1237 TC+CC polymorphic genotypes(P=0.0083)and H.pylori infection(P<0.0001)was observed on the upregulation of mRNA expression.CONCLUSION Our findings show that TLR9 rs5743836 and rs187084 polymorphisms are associated with a higher risk of carcinogenesis gastric,and that TLR9 mRNA levels can be modulated by TLR9-1237 TC+CC variant genotypes and H.pylori infection. | Manoela Dias Susi de Matos Lourenco Caroline Lucas Trevizani Rasmussen Spencer Luis Marques Payao Ana Flavia Teixeira Rossi Ana Elizabete Silva Juliana Garcia de Oliveira-Cucolo | 2019 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2019，11，11： | 9 |
| 14 | 糖尿病,胰岛素和癌症风险显示文摘 There is a consensus that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with a spectrum of cancers but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.On the other hand,there are ongoing debates about the risk association of insulin use with cancer.We have briefly reviewed recent related research on exploration of risk factors for cancer and pharmacoepidemiological investigations into drug use in diabetes on the risk of cancer,as well as the current understanding of metabolic pathways implicated in intermediary metabolism and cellular growth.Based on the novel findings from the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry and consistent experimental evidence,we argue that use of insulin to control hyperglycemia is unlikely to contribute to increased cancer risk and that dysregulations in the AMPactivated protein kinase pathway due to reduced insulin action and insulin resistance,the insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)-cholesterol synthesis pathway and renin-angiotensin system,presumably due to reduced insulin secretion and hyperglycemia,may play causal roles in the increased risk of cancer in diabetes.Further exploration into the possible causal relationships between abnormalities of these pathways and the risk of cancer in diabetes is warranted. | Juliana CN Chan | 2012 | World Journal of Diabetes2012，3，4： | 8 |
| 15 | Evidence for DNA Damage as a Biological Link Between Diabetes and Cancer显示文摘 | Shao Chin Lee Juliana CN Chan | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，11： | 7 |
| 16 | Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Pain, Agitation, and Delirium in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit显示文摘 | Juliana Barr Gilles L. Fraser Kathleen Puntillo E. Wesley Ely Céline Gélinas Joseph F. Dasta Judy E. Davidson John W. Devlin John P. Kress Aaron M. Joffe Douglas B. Coursin Daniel L. Herr Avery Tung Bryce R. H. Robinson Dorrie K. Fontaine Michael A. Ramsa | 2013 | Critical Care Medicine2013，，1： | 6 |
| 17 | Gold Characterization by MLA and Technological Tests-Discussion of Sample Preparation and Results显示文摘Gold has been present throughout the history of mankind and used to make jewelry and coins, and recently, acquired several industrial uses. The price of gold in international market had a significant increasing, surpassing 100% in the last five years. Thereby, deposits with low levels of gold content, gold with complex associations or in a very fine particle size became exploitable again, allowing new projects and expansion of existing ones. However, for maximum process efficiency is indispensable a deep knowledge of the characteristics of these minerals and their behavior in face of beneficiation processes. Consequently, an accurate routine for mineralogical and technological characterization is essential. | Carina Ulsen Henrique Kahn Guilherme Nery Daniel Uliana Juliana L.Antoniassi | 2013 | 矿物学报2013，33，S1： | 5 |
| 18 | Thermal segregation of asphalt material in road repair显示文摘This paper presents results from a field study of asphaltic pavement patching operations performed by three different contractors working in a total of ten sites. It forms part of an ongoing research programme towards improving the performance of pothole repairs.Thermal imaging technology was used to record temperatures of the patching material throughout the entire exercise, from the stage of material collection, through transportation to repair site, patch forming, and compaction. Practical complications occurring during patch repairs were also identified. It was found that depending on the weather conditions, duration of the travel and poor insulation of the transported hot asphalt mix,its temperature can drop as high as 116.6 ℃ over the period that the reinstatement team travel to the site and prepare the patch. This impacting is on the durability and performance of the executed repairs. Cold spots on the asphalt mat and temperature differentials between the new hot-fill asphalt mix and existing pavement were also identified as poorly compacted areas that were prone to premature failure. For example, over the five-minute period, the temperature at one point reduced by 33% whereas the temperatures of nearby areas decreased by 65% and 71%. A return visit to the repair sites, three months later,revealed that locations where thermal segregation was noted, during the patching operation, had failed prematurely. | Juliana Byzyka Mujib Rahman Denis Albert Chamberlain | 2017 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2017，4，4： | 5 |
| 19 | MGMT and MLH1 methylation in Helicobacter pylori-infected children and adults显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection and MLH1 and MGMT methylation and its relationship with microsatellite instability(MSI).METHODS:The methylation status of the MLH1 and MGMT promoter region was analysed by methylation specific methylation-polymerase chain reaction(MSPPCR) in gastric biopsy samples from uninfected or H.pylori-infected children(n = 50),from adults with chronic gastritis(n = 97) and from adults with gastric cancer(n = 92).MLH1 and MGMT mRNA expression were measured by real-time PCR and normalised to a constitutive gene(β actin).MSI analysis was performed by screening MSI markers at 4 loci(Bat-25,Bat-26,D17S250 and D2S123) with PCR;PCR products were analysed by single strand conformation polymorphism followed by silver staining.Statistical analyses were performed with either the χ 2 test with Yates continuity correction or Fisher's exact test,and statistical significance for expression analysis was assessed using an unpaired Student's t-test.RESULTS:Methylation was not detected in the promoter regions of MLH1 and MGMT in gastric biopsy samples from children,regardless of H.pylori infection status.The MGMT promoter was methylated in 51% of chronic gastritis adult patients and was associated with H.pylori infection(P < 0.05);this region was methylated in 66% of gastric cancer patients,and the difference in the percentage of methylated samples between these patients and those from H.pylori-infected chronic gastritis patients was statistically significant(P < 0.05).MLH1 methylation frequencies among H.pylori-infected and non-infected chronic gastritis adult patients were 13% and 7%,respectively.We observed methylation of the MLH1 promoter(39%) and increased MSI levels(68%) in samples from gastric cancer patients in comparison to samples from H.pylori-infected adult chronic gastritis patients(P < 0.001 and P < 0.01,respectively).The frequency of promoter methylation for both genes was higher in gastric cancer samples than in H.pylori-positive chronic gastritis samples(P < 0.05).The levels of MLH1 and MGMT mRNA were significantly reduced in chronic gastritis samples that were also hypermethylated(P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:In summary,MGMT and MLH1 methylation did not occur in earlier-stage H.pylori infections and thus might depend on the duration of infection. | Marisa C Alvarez Juliana C Santos Nathália Maniezzo Marcelo S Ladeira Artur LC da Silva Isabel CA Scaletsky José Pedrazzoli Jr Marcelo L Ribeiro | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，20： | 5 |
| 20 | Role of sex hormones in gastrointestinal motility in pregnant and non-pregnant rats显示文摘AIM: To correlate gastric contractility, gastrointestinal transit, and hormone levels in non-pregnant(estrous cycle) and pregnant rats using noninvasive techniques. METHODS: Female rats(n = 23) were randomly divided into(1) non-pregnant,(contractility, n =6; transit, n = 6); and(2) pregnant(contractility, n = 5; transit, n = 6). In each estrous cycle phase or at 0, 7, 14, and 20 d after the confirmation of pregnancy, gastrointestinal transit was recorded by AC biosusceptometry(ACB), and gastric contractility was recorded by ACB and electromyography. After each recording, blood samples were obtained for progesterone and estradiol determination. RESULTS: In the estrous cycle, despite fluctuations of sex hormone levels, no significant changes in gastrointestinal motility were observed. Days 7 and 14 of pregnancy were characterized by significant changes in the frequency of contractions(3.90 ± 0.42 cpm and 3.60 ± 0.36 cpm vs 4.33 ± 0.25 cpm) and gastric emptying(168 ± 17 min and 165 ± 15 min vs 113 ± 15 min) compared with day 0. On these same days, progesterone levels significantly increased compared with control(54.23 ± 15.14 ng/m L and 129.96 ± 30.52 ng/mL vs 13.25 ± 6.31 ng/mL). On day 14, we observed the highest level of progesterone and the lowest level of estradiol compared with day 0(44.3 ± 15.18 pg/mL vs 24.96 ± 5.96 pg/mL). CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal motility was unaffected by the estrous cycle. In our data, high progesterone and low estradiol levels can be associated with decreased contraction frequency and slow gastric emptying. | Juliana Fernandes Matos Madileine Francely Americo Yuri Karen Sinzato Gustavo Tadeu Volpato Luciana Aparecida Corá Marcos Felipe Freitas Calabresi Ricardo Brandt Oliveira Debora Cristina Damasceno Jose Ricardo Arruda Miranda | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，25： | 5 |
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