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| 1 | Current global trends in the incidence of pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To perform a comprehensive review and provide an up-to-date synopsis of the incidence and trends of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD). METHODS We systematically searched the MEDLINE(source Pub Med), EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines(period: 1985-2018) to identify studies reporting population-based data on the incidence of pediatriconset(< 19 years at diagnosis) IBD in full manuscripts. Two authors carried out screening and data extraction. Choropleth interactive maps and temporal trends were used to illustrate the international differences and incidences of and changes in IBD and subtypes.RESULTS In total, one hundred forty studies reporting data from 38 countries were considered in this review. The highest annual pediatric incidences of IBD were 23/100000 person-years in Europe, 15.2/100000 in North America, and 11.4/100000 in Asia/the Middle East and Oceania. The highest annual incidences of Crohn's disease(CD) were 13.9/100000 in North America and 12.3/100000 in Europe. The highest annual incidences of ulcerative colitis(UC) were 15.0/100000 in Europe and 10.6/100000 in North America. The highest annual incidences of IBD-unclassified(IBD-U) were 3.6/100000 in Europe and 2.1/100000 in North America. In the time-trend analyses, 67% of CD, 46% of UC and 11% of IBD-U studies reported an increasing incidence(P < 0.05). The risk of IBD is increasing among firstgeneration of migrant populations.CONCLUSION Globally, the incidence of IBD varies greatly by geographical areas. The steadily increasing incidence of pediatric IBD over time indicates its emergence as a global disease, suggesting that studies should investigate the environmental risk factors among pediatric cohorts. | Josef Sykora Renta Pomahacov Marcela Kreslová Dominika Cvalínová Premysl Stych Jan Schwarz | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，25： | 27 |
| 2 | 美国国家卒中协会短暂性脑缺血发作处理指南显示文摘目的:短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是常见和重要的卒中先兆。其处理方法多样,大多数发表的指南在近年来均未被更新。我们试图制定一个全面的、无偏倚的、循证的TIA处理指南。方法:根据一种客观标准(可以预测在该研究领域中执业医师对专家提名的文献测量学方法)挑选出15名专家组成员。通过系统回顾检索到过去发表的指南,由专家对其中的推荐意见的质量进行独立评价。选择出质量最高的推荐意见,然后让专家组采用改良Delphi法通过多次问卷调查的方式进行修订,从而对新的修改达成共识。给专家们提供近期临床研究的系统评价,要求专家根据新的证据判断措辞修改的合理性并且根据证据等级和质量对最终的推荐意见进行评定。不允许专家在预期有可能存在任何利益冲突的专题方面提出推荐意见。结果:通过系统回顾检索到257个指南,其中有13篇文献包括的137条推荐意见符合所有纳入标准。需要6次重复的问卷调查对53条最终推荐意见的措辞达成共识。最终的推荐意见涉及TIA的初步处理、评价、内科治疗、外科治疗和危险因素控制。结论:对TIA患者医疗诊治的最终推荐意见强调了紧急评价和治疗的重要性。这种用于制定本指南的新方法是可行的,考虑到了快速更新并能减少偏倚。 | S. Claiborne Johnston Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh Miriam E. Schwarz Kate Fuller Christina Williams S. Andrew Josephsort Graeme J. Hankey Robert G. Hart Steven R. Levine Jose Biller Robert D. Brown Ralph L. Sacco L. Jaap Kappelle Peter J. Koudstaal Julien Bogousslavsky Louis R. Caplan Jan van Gijn Ale Algra Peter M. Rothwell Harold P. Adams Gregory W. Albers 李海峰(译) | 2007 | 国际脑血管病杂志2007，15，3： | 5 |
| 3 | Sapphires from the Andranondambo region,Madagascar显示文摘 | Dietmai Schwarz Eckehard J Petsch Jan Kanis | 1996 | Gems & Gemology1996，32，22： | 1 |
| 4 | Sapphires from Antsiranana Province,northern Madagascar显示文摘 | Dietmai Schwarz Jan Kanis Karl Schmetzer | 2000 | Gems & Gemology2000，36，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Meta-Analysis and a Large Association Study Confirm a Role for Calpain-10 Variation in Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility显示文摘 | Michael N. Weedon Peter E.H. Schwarz Yukio Horikawa Naoko Iwasaki Thomas Illig Rolf Holle Wolfgang Rathmann Thomas Selisko Jan Schulze Katherine R. Owen Julie Evans Laura del Bosque-Plata Graham Hitman Mark Walker Jonathan C. Levy Mike Sampson Graeme I. B | 2003 | The American Journal of Human Genetics2003，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | In vitro reconstitution of the complete Clostridium thermoce- llum cellulosome and synergistic activity on crystalline cellulose 显示文摘 | Jan Krauss Vladimir V Zverlov Wolfgang H Schwarz | 2012 | AppI Environ Microbiol2012，78，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Aerosol chemical mass closure during the EUROTRAC-2AEROSOL Intercomparison 2000 显示文摘 | Maenhaut Willy Schwarz Jaroslav Cafmeyer Jan | 2002 | NuclearInstruments and Methods in Physics Research SectionB: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms2002，189，14： | 1 |
| 8 | Visualization of the articular disk of the temporomandibular joint in near-real-time MRI: feasibility study显示文摘 | Nasreddin D. Abolmaali Jan Schmitt Wolfram Schwarz Douglas E. Toll Stefan Hinterwimmer Thomas J. Vogl | 2004 | European Radiology2004，，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Therapy of isolated calf muscle vein thrombosis: A randomized, controlled study显示文摘 | Thomas Schwarz Lutz Buschmann Jan Beyer Kai Halbritter Aljosha Rastan Sebastian Schellong | 2010 | Journal of Vascular Surgery2010，，： | 1 |
| 10 | The treat- ment of patients with HIV显示文摘 | Martin V Schwarze - zander C Jan - Christian W | 2010 | Dtsch Arzteblint2010，107，2829： | 1 |
| 11 | Effects of a Specially Designed Fermented Milk Product Containing Probiotic Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001 and the Eradication of H. pylori in Children: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study显示文摘 | Josef Sykora Kristyna Vale?ková Jana Amlerová Konrad Siala Petr Dědek Stephen Watkins Jana Varva?ovská Franti?ek Sto?icky Petr Pazdiora Jan Schwarz | 2005 | Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology2005，，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Gastric Emptying of Solids in Children with H. pylori-Positive and H. pylori-Negative Non-Ulcer Dyspepsia显示文摘 | Josef Sykora Alexander Malán Jan Záhlava Jana Varvar&OV0165 ká Franti?ek Stoz?cky Konrad Siala Jan Schwarz | 2004 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2004，，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Virulenceassociated genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolated from internal organs of poultry having died from colibacillosis显示文摘 | Janβen T Schwarz C Preikschat P | 2001 | Int J Med Microbiol2001，291，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Inflammatory bowel disease incidence in Czech children:A regional prospective study,2000-2015显示文摘AIM To examine the incidence and trends in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs) over 2000-2015 and project the incidence to 2018. METHODS A 16-year prospective study of IBD patients < 19 years of age was conducted in the Czech Republic(the Pilsen region). All incident IBD cases within a well-defined geographical area were retrieved from a prospectively collected computerized clinical database. Historical Czech data were used for comparison(1990-2001). Our catchment population was determined from the census data. We calculated the incidence by relating the number of newly diagnosed cases to the size of thepediatric population-at-risk in each calendar year. Age/sex, disease type, place of residence, and race/ethnicity were identified. RESULTS In total, 170 new IBD cases [105 Crohn's disease(CD), 48 ulcerative colitis(UC), and 17 IBD-unclassified(IBD-U)] were identified. The median age at IBD diagnosis was 14.2 years, 59.4% were males, and 97.1% were Caucasians. A male preponderance of IBD(P = 0.026) and CD(P = 0.016) was observed. With 109209 person-years in the catchment area, the average incidence of IBD per 100000 person-years was 10.0(6.2 for CD, 2.8 for UC, and 1.0 for IBD-U) for children aged 0 to 19 years; for those aged 0 to 15 years, the incidence rate was 7.3(4.6 for CD, 2.0 for UC, and 0.7 for IBD-U). An increase in incidence with age was observed(P = 0.0003). Over the 16-year period, the incidence increased for IBD patients(P = 0.01) and CD in particular(P < 0.0001), whereas the incidence for UC(P = 0.09) and IBD-U(P = 0.339) remained unchanged. IBD-projected data from 2016 to 2018 were 12.1, 12.3 and 12.6 per 100000 personyears, respectively.CONCLUSION Pediatric-onset IBD incidence is around its highest point. The increase, which is particularly pronounced for CD, may be challenging to relate to causes of pediatric disease. | Jan Schwarz Josef Sykora Dominika Cvalínová Renáta Pomahacová Jana Klecková Martin Kryl Petr Vcelák | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，22： | 0 |
| 15 | Long-lived electron emission reveals localized plasmon modes in disordered nanosponge antennas显示文摘We report long-lived,highly spatially localized plasmon states on the surface of nanoporous gold nanoparticles—nanosponges—with high excitation efficiency.It is well known that disorder on the nanometer scale,particularly in two-dimensional systems,can lead to plasmon localization and large field enhancements,which can,in turn,be used to enhance nonlinear optical effects and to study and exploit quantum optical processes.Here,we introduce promising,three-dimensional model systems for light capture and plasmon localization as gold nanosponges that are formed by the dewetting of gold/silver bilayers and dealloying.We study light-induced electron emission from single nanosponges,a nonlinear process with exponents of n≈5...7,using ultrashort laser pulse excitation to achieve femtosecond time resolution.The long-lived electron emission process proves,in combination with optical extinction measurements and finite-difference time-domain calculations,the existence of localized modes with lifetimes of more than 20 fs.These electrons couple efficiently to the dipole antenna mode of each individual nanosponge,which in turn couples to the far-field.Thus,individual gold nanosponges are cheap and robust disordered nanoantennas with strong local resonances,and an ensemble of nanosponges constitutes a meta material with a strong polarization independent,nonlinear response over a wide frequency range. | Germann Hergert Jan Vogelsang Felix Schwarz Dong Wang Heiko Kollmann Petra Groß Christoph Lienau Erich Runge Peter Schaaf | 2017 | Light(Science & Applications)2017，6，1： | 0 |
| 16 | 美国国家卒中协会短暂性脑缺血发作处理指南显示文摘目的:短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)是常见和重要的卒中先兆。其处理方法多样,大多数发表的指南在近年来均未被更新。我们试图制定一个全面的、无偏倚的、循证的TIA处理指南。方法:根据一种客观标准(可以预测在该研究领域中执业医师对专家提名的文献测量学方法)挑选出15名专家组成员。通过系统回顾检索到过去发表的指南,由专家对其中的推荐意见的质量进行独立评价。选择出质量最高的推荐意见,然后让专家组采用改良Delphi法通过多次问卷调查的方式进行修订,从而对新的修改达成共识。给专家们提供近期临床研究的系统评价,要求专家根据新的证据判断措辞修改的合理性并且根据证据等级和质量对最终的推荐意见进行评定。不允许专家在预期有可能存在任何利益冲突的专题方面提出推荐意见。结果:通过系统回顾检索到257个指南,其中有13篇文献包括的137条推荐意见符合所有纳入标准。需要6次重复的问卷调查对53条最终推荐意见的措辞达成共识。最终的推荐意见涉及TIA的初步处理、评价、内科治疗、外科治疗和危险因素控制。结论:对TIA患者医疗诊治的最终推荐意见强调了紧急评价和治疗的重要性。这种用于制定本指南的新方法是可行的,考虑到了快速更新并能减少偏倚。 | S. Claibome Johnston Mai N. Nguyen-Huynh Miriam E. Schwarz Kate Fuller Christina Williams S. Andrew Josephson Graeme J. Hankey Robert G. Hart Steven R. Levine Jose Biller Robert D. Brown Ralph L. Sacco L. Jaap Kappelle Peter J. Koudstaal Julien Bogousslavsky Louis R. Caplan Jan van Gijn Ale Algra Peter M. Rothwell Harold P. Adams Gregory W. Albers 李海峰(译) | 2007 | 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版)2007，1，1： | 0 |
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