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| 1 | Acupuncture treatment in gastrointestinal diseases: A systematic review显示文摘The purpose of this work was to assess the evidence for effectiveness of acupuncture (AC) treatment in gastrointestinal diseases. A systematic review of the Medline-cited literature for clinical trials was performed up to May 2006. Controlled trials assessing acupuncture point stimulation for patients with gastrointestinal diseases were considered for inclusion. The search identified 18 relevant trials meeting the inclusion criteria. Two irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) trials, 1 Crohn's disease and 1 colitis ulcerosa trial had a robust random controlled trial (RCT) design. In regard to other gastrointestinal disorders, study quality was poor. In all trials, quality of life (QoL) improved significantly independently from the kind of acupuncture, real or sham. Real AC was significantly superior to sham acupuncture with regard to disease activity scores in the Crohn and Colitis trials. Effi cacy of acupuncture related to QoL in IBS may be explained by unspecific effects. This is the same for QoL in in? ammatory bowel diseases (IBD), whereas specific acupuncture effects may be found in clinical scores. Further trials for IBDs and in particular for all other gastrointestinal disorders would be necessary to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture treatment. However, it must be discussed on what terms patients benefi t when this harmless and obviously powerful therapy with regard to QoL is demystifi ed by further placebo controlled trials. | Antonius Schneider Konrad Streitberger Stefanie Joos | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，25： | 18 |
| 2 | Faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2 for colorectal cancer screening:A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM:To present a critical discussion of the efficacy of the faecal pyruvate kinase isoenzyme type M2(faecal M2-PK) test for colorectal cancer(CRC) screening based on the currently available studies.METHODS:A literature search in PubMed and Embase was conducted using the following search terms:fecal Tumor M2-PK,faecal Tumour M2-PK,fecal M2-PK,faecal M2-PK,fecal pyruvate kinase,faecal pyruvate kinase,pyruvate kinase stool and M2-PK stool.RESULTS:Stool samples from 704 patients with CRC and from 11 412 healthy subjects have been investigated for faecal M2-PK concentrations in seventeen independent studies.The mean faecal M2-PK sensitivity was 80.3%;the specificity was 95.2%.Four studies compared faecal M2-PK head-to-head with guaiacbased faecal occult blood test(gFOBT).Faecal M2PK demonstrated a sensitivity of 81.1%,whereas the gFOBT detected only 36.9% of the CRCs.Eight independent studies investigated the sensitivity of faecal M2-PK for adenoma(n = 554),with the following sensitivities:adenoma < 1 cm in diameter:25%;adenoma > 1 cm:44%;adenoma of unspecified diameter:51%.In a direct comparison with gFOBT of adenoma > 1 cm in diameter,47% tested positive with the faecal M2-PK test,whereas the gFOBT detected only 27%.CONCLUSION:We recommend faecal M2-PK as a routine test for CRC screening.Faecal M2-PK closes a gap in clinical practice because it detects bleeding and nonbleeding tumors and adenoma with high sensitivity and specificity. | Carolin Tonus Markus Sellinger Konrad Koss Gero Neupert | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，30： | 17 |
| 3 | 藏毛窦发病率和远期复发率现况及其影响因素分析显示文摘目的调查德国部队中藏毛窦的发病率和术后远期复发率的现状及其发展变化趋势,分析不同手术治疗方法、体格状况和吸烟量等因素对藏毛窦的发病率和术后远期复发率的影响。方法对德国三家部队医院1980至1996年收治的所有藏毛窦患者的资料进行统计,随机抽取其中500例患者进行随访。结果德国部队中藏毛窦的发病率由1985年的0.3/1000上升到2007年的2.4/1000。随机抽取的500例患者中2例死亡,498例接受了随访。其术后复发率从1981年的33%,到1986年的23%,再到1996年的12%,呈明显下降趋势(P=0.01)。藏毛窦切除后行开放愈合的复发率为16.8%,显著低于行一期缝合的复发率31.0%(P〈0.01)。部队中人均体质量每十年增加1kg,德国国民人均体质量每十年增加1.9kg,但是体质量的增加与藏毛窦复发率之间无显著相关性(P=0.72)。每天吸烟20支以上者藏毛窦的复发率比吸烟≤20支者显著升高(P=0.015)。结论在藏毛窦的术后复发率下降,特别是切除后开放愈合的术后复发率下降的同时,藏毛窦的发病率上升了近十倍。 | Theo Evers Dietrich Doll Edouard Matevossian Sebastian Noe Konrad Neumann 李挥力 Norbert Huser Rainer Ludde Sebastian Hoffmann Bjorn Dirk Krapohl | 2011 | 中华外科杂志2011，49，9： | 14 |
| 4 | Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: 2012显示文摘 | R. Phillip Dellinger Mitchell M. Levy Andrew Rhodes Djillali Annane Herwig Gerlach Steven M. Opal Jonathan E. Sevransky Charles L. Sprung Ivor S. Douglas Roman Jaeschke Tiffany M. Osborn Mark E. Nunnally Sean R. Townsend Konrad Reinhart Ruth M. Kleinpell | 2013 | Critical Care Medicine2013，，2： | 12 |
| 5 | Intravenous administration of glutathione protects parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells against reperfusion injury following rat liver transplantation显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of intravenous administration of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) on reperfusion injury following liver transplantation.METHODS:Livers of male Lewis rats were transplanted after 24 h of hypothermic preservation in University of Wisconsin solution in a syngeneic setting. During a 2-h reperfusion period either saline (controls,n=8) or GSH (50 or 100μmol/(h·kg),n=5 each) was continuously administered via the jugular vein.RESULTS:Two hours after starting reperfusion plasma ALT increased to 1 457±281U/L (mean±SE) in controls but to only 908_+187 U/L (P<0.05) in animals treated with 100μmol GSH/(h·kg).No protection was conveyed by 50μmol GSH/(h·kg).Cytoprotection was confirmed by morphological findings on electron microscopy:GSH treatment prevented detachment of sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) as well as loss of microvilli and mitochondrial swelling of hepatocytes. Accordingly, postischemic bile flow increased 2-fold. Intravital fluorescence microscopy revealed a nearly complete restoration of sinusoidal blood flow and a significant reduction of leukocyte adherence to sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules. Following infusion of 50μmol and 100 μmol GSH/(h·kg),plasma GSH increased to 65±7mol/L and 97±18μmol/L,but to only 20±3mol/L in untreated recipients.Furthermore, plasma glutathione disulfide (GSSG) increased to 7.5±1.0mol/L in animals treated with 100μmol/(h·kg) GSH but infusion of 50μmol GSH/(h·kg) did not raise levels of untreated controls (1.8±0.5mol/L vs 2.2±0.2mol/L).CONCLUSION:Plasma GSH levels above a critical level may act as a “sink” for ROS produced in the hepatic vasculature during reperfusion of liver grafts.Therefore, GSH can be considered a candidate antioxidant for the prevention of reperfusion injury after liver transplantation, in particular since it has a low toxicity in humans. | RolfJ.Schauer SinanKalmuk Alexander L.Gerbes Rosemarie Leiderer Herbert Meissner Friedrich W.Schildberg Konrad Messmer Manfred Bilzer | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，6： | 9 |
| 6 | Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy—Too often?Too late?Who are the right patients for gastrostomy?显示文摘Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is an established method to provide nutrition to patients with restricted oral uptake of fluids and calories.Here,we review the methods,indications and complications of this procedure.While gastrostomy can be safely and easily performed during gastroscopy,the right patients and timing for this intervention are not always chosen.Especially in patients with dementia,the indication for and timing of gastrostomies are often improper.In this patient group,clear data for enteral nutrition are lacking;however,some evidence suggests that patients with advanced dementia do not benefit,whereas patients with mild to moderate dementia might benefit from early enteral nutrition.Additionally,other patient groups with temporary or permanent restriction of oral uptake might be a useful target population for early enteral nutrition to maintain mobilization and muscle strength.We plead for a coordinated study program for these patient groups to identify suitable patients and the best timing for tube implantation. | Christoph G Dietrich Konrad Schoppmeyer | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，20： | 8 |
| 7 | Depression risk in patients with coronary heart disease in Germany显示文摘AIM To determine the prevalence of depression and its risk factors among patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) treated in German primary care practices.METHODS Longitudinal data from nationwide general practices in Germany(n = 1072) were analyzed.Individuals initially diagnosed with CHD(2009-2013) were identified,and 59992 patients were included and matched(1:1) to 59992 controls.The primary outcome measure was an initial diagnosis of depression within five years after the index date among patients with and without CHD.Cox proportional hazards models were used to adjust for confounders.RESULTS Mean age was equal to 68.0 years(SD = 11.3).A total of 55.9% of patients were men.After a five-year follow-up,21.8% of the CHD group and 14.2% of the control group were diagnosed with depression(P < 0.001).In the multivariate regression model,CHD was a strong risk factor for developing depression(HR =1.54,95%CI:1.49-1.59,P < 0.001).Prior depressive episodes,dementia,and eight other chronic conditions were associated with a higher risk of developing depression.Interestingly,older patients and women were also more likely to be diagnosed with depression compared with younger patients and men,respectively.CONCLUSION The risk of depression is significantly increased among patients with CHD compared with patients without CHD treated in primary care practices in Germany.CHD patients should be routinely screened for depression to ensure improved treatment and management. | Marcel Konrad Louis Jacob Michael A Rapp Karel Kostev | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，9： | 8 |
| 8 | 纳米压痕仪和激光超声技术检测薄膜弹性模量显示文摘在薄膜材料的力学性能测定中,弹性模量是衡量材料软硬程度的重要指标。为了测定弹性模量,本文选取不同种类和厚度的金属薄膜材料,采用纳米压痕技术(nanoindentation)和激光超声技术(laser-acoustics)两种测试方法相互比较,以确保测试的准确性。两种方法在膜厚较大的试样测试中得到了大致相符的试验结果,相对误差最小达到2%。 | 陈倩栎 Konrad Herrmann Febo Menelao | 2007 | 中国测试技术2007，33，1： | 8 |
| 9 | Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock, 2012显示文摘 | R. P. Dellinger Mitchell M. Levy Andrew Rhodes Djillali Annane Herwig Gerlach Steven M. Opal Jonathan E. Sevransky Charles L. Sprung Ivor S. Douglas Roman Jaeschke Tiffany M. Osborn Mark E. Nunnally Sean R. Townsend Konrad Reinhart Ruth M. Kleinpell Derek | 2013 | Intensive Care Medicine2013，，2： | 7 |
| 10 | MEASUREMENT OF ADHESION FORCES IN AIR WITH THE VIBRATION METHOD显示文摘The vibration method represents a practical method for the measurement of adhesion forces and adhesion force distributions. This method causes sinusoidally alternating stresses and yields detachment and contact forces between particles and substrate of the same order of magnitude. Alternating contact forces of the vibration method can cause an adhesion force intensification through flattening of asperities. The measuring principle of the vibration method and the analysis of experimental results are described in the article. Normal adhesion forces (pull-off forces) are measured using the vibration method and the colloidal probe technique. The results of both methods show good agreement for small particle sizes. The influence of the detachment force direction is shown by comparing tangential and normal adhesion forces measured using particle reentrainment in a turbulent air flow and the vibration method, respectively. The surface roughness of the substrate and the relative humidity are shown to significantly influence the measured adhesion forces. For the calculation of the adhesion forces, an approach by Rabinovich was combined with approximations of plastic micro asperity flattening. The Rabinovich approach accounts for roughness effects on the van der Waals force by incorporating the rms roughness of the interacting surfaces, rms-values of the particles and substrates were measured with atomic force microscopy at different scanning areas. | Siegfried Ripperger Konrad Hein | 2005 | China Particuology2005，3，1： | 7 |
| 11 | Contrasting responseS of hoverflies and wild bees to habitat structure and land use change in a tropical landscape (southern Yunnan, SW China)显示文摘到单一经营种植园的昆虫的反应主要在损坏自然森林区域的情况下继续了,并且是在生态学和保存生物学的一个突出、重要的问题,与授粉服务在全世界衰退了。在这研究,种类丰富和分发 hoverfly 并且野生的蜜蜂社区在一个变化被调查在南部的云南的热带风景,由不适的西南中国从 2008 ~ 2009 周期性地套住。种类从传统的陆地使用类型(自然森林,草地, shrubland 和稻田休闲) 被记录,并且从最近建立了不同年龄的橡胶种植园。Hoverflies (总数 53 种类) 在植被的年轻接连著的阶段是很普通的,包括稻田休闲和 shrubland。种类丰富在稻田休闲是最高的并且在森林里最低并且与非禾本草本植物种类和地面植被盖子的数字显示出一种高度重要的关系。相反,野生的蜜蜂(总数 44 种类) 的最高的丰富从自然森林地点被记录,它与留下的产地类型相比显示出一篇分离蜜蜂社区作文。在蜜蜂种类丰富和环境变量之间没有重要关系,包括不同植物生活表格,华盖的范围和地面植被的数字,植被的接连著的年龄和陆地使用打字。在风景规模,包括年轻橡胶种植园,开的陆地使用系统被假定增加 hoverflies 的种类丰富;然而,这可能减少野生的蜜蜂差异。由橡胶耕作的现在的陆地使用变化能被期望在本国的野生的蜜蜂社区上有否定影响。 | Ling-Zeng Meng Konrad Martin Jing-Xin Liu Frank Burger Jin Chen | 2012 | Insect Science2012，19，6： | 7 |
| 12 | Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008显示文摘 | R. Phillip Dellinger Mitchell M. Levy Jean M. Carlet Julian Bion Margaret M. Parker Roman Jaeschke Konrad Reinhart Derek C. Angus Christian Brun-Buisson Richard Beale Thierry Calandra Jean-Francois Dhainaut Herwig Gerlach Maurene Harvey John J. Marini Joh | 2008 | Intensive Care Medicine2008，，1： | 7 |
| 13 | Saposin C stimulates growth and invasion,activates p42/44 and SAPK/JNK signaling pathways of MAPK and upregulates uPA/uPAR expression in prostate cancer and stromal cells显示文摘Aim: To determine the effect of saposin C (a known trophic domain of prosaposin) on proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as its effect on the expression of urokinase plasmonogen activator (uPA), its receptor (uPAR) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9 in normal and malignant prostate cells. In addition, we tested whether saposin C can activate p42/44 and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) signal transduction pathways of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily. Methods: We employed Western blot analysis, phospho-specific antibodies, cell proliferation assay, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,in vitro kinase assays and migration and invasion to determine the effect of saposin C on various biological behaviors of prostate stromal and cancer cells. Results: Saposin C, in a cell type-specific manner, upregulates uPA/uPAR and immediate early gene c-Jun expression, stimulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion and activates p42/44 and SAPK/JNK MAPK pathways in prostate stromal and cancer cells. Normal prostate epithelial cells were not responsive to saposin C treatment in the above studies. Conclusion: Saposin C functions as a multipotential modulator of diverse biological activities in prostate cancer and stromal cells. These results strongly suggest that saposin C functions as a potent growth factor for prostatic cells and may contribute to prostate carcinogenesis and/or the development of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. | Shahriar Koochekpour Oliver Sartor Masao Hiraiwa Tae-Jin Lee Walter Rayford Natascha Remmel Konrad Sandhoff ArdalanMinokadeh DavidY.Patten | 2005 | Asian Journal of Andrology2005，7，2： | 7 |
| 14 | 袖状胃切除术十联合二指肠回肠Ω转位:一种新型的复合型减肥外科术式显示文摘目的:探讨分阶段实施腹腔镜袖状胃切除术(LSG)及十二指肠回肠Ω转位术(DIOS)对于外科治疗病态肥胖症的可行性和意义。方法:对2012年收治的病态肥胖合并合并2型糖尿病、高血脂女性患者1例,分阶段于同年4月13日实施LSG,随访11个月后于2013年3月12日实施DIOS,分析其手术前后肥胖与相关指标的变化及并发症情况。结果:患者LSG术前、DIOS术前、随访2年,体质量指数(47.6、42.3、31.0 kg/m^2)、体质量(140、125、92 kg)、糖化血红蛋白水平(6.3%、5.7%、5.0%),血甘油三酯水平(2.54、1.87、1.26 g/L),总胆固醇水平(2.42、1.89、1.68 g/L)均呈下降表现,且随访2年时患者完全脱离降糖药物治疗。围术期及术后2年内,未发现吻合口瘘、营养不良、脱发、倾倒综合征及胆汁反流等近、远期并发症。结论:LSG联合DIOS具备分阶式减肥组合术式特性,有望在临床上开展。 | 周程 龚昭 闵凯 曾志武 杨光耀 夏辉 Wojciech Konrad Karcz | 2015 | 中国普通外科杂志2015，24，12： | 6 |
| 15 | Biology and control of the fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley on litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) in northern Thailand显示文摘水果和叶由水果 borer, Conopomorpha sinensis 幼虫和 C 的自然地发生的人口荔枝(荔枝 chinensis ) 射击群袭。sinensis parasitization 率在高度在北泰国在荔枝果园被决定(ca。1 400 m ASL ) 并且低(ca。800 m ASL ) 举起与不同, non-over-lapping fruiting 季节。另外,喷洒杆菌 thuringiensis var 的应用。aizawai,自然复合 spinosad 和化学农药 imidacloprid 在这块地里被进行在 C 上测试这些代理人的效果。sinensis 水果群袭率。水果群袭率和水果生长,在一个低举起果园学习了,是 sigmoidal 并且显示出一道高度重要的正相关(Pp “ 0.01 ) 。在低举起果园的叶射击群袭率在 fruiting 季节期间减少了(前进直到 5 月) ,但是在高举起果园增加了,在没有水果在时间的一样的时期以内是在场的的地方。一起,这些结果显示那 C 的女性。sinensis 清楚地为产卵离子喜欢水果甚于射击。如果没有水果是可得到的,它在此期间是在高举起果园的盒子,他们被抑制在射击上生他们的鸡蛋。C 的 parasitization 率。在未经治疗的水果的 sinensis 幼虫是 54.3% 。parasitoid 种类是 Chelonus chailini (90.8%) 和 Phanerotoma sp。(9.2%) 。在叶射击, C。sinensis 被发现被 Phanerotoma sp 寄生于。并且 Apanteles briareus。不同活跃代理人的应用没在 C 上有重要效果。与未经治疗的控制相比的 sinensis 水果群袭。除幼虫的神秘生活以外,这被事实最可能解释那 C。sinensis 在 fruiting 季节期间有几代。因为记录的高 parasitization 率,一种选择和更有效的控制比杀虫剂的申请可能是 parasitoids 的有增加力的版本测量。 | MARIE JOY SCHULTE KONRAD MARTIN JOACHIM SAUERBORN | 2007 | Insect Science2007，14，6： | 5 |
| 16 | Laparoscopy-assisted percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy enables enteral nutrition even in patients with distorted anatomy显示文摘AIM:To analyzed whether laparoscopy-assisted percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)could be a valuable option for patients with complicated anatomy.METHODS:A retrospective analysis of twelve patients(seven females,five males;six children,six young adults;mean age 19.2 years)with cerebral palsy,spastic quadriparesis,severe kyphoscoliosis and interposed organs and who required enteral nutrition(EN)due to starvation was performed.For all patients,standard PEG placement was impossible due to distorted anatomy.All the patients qualified for the laparoscopyassisted PEG procedure.RESULTS:In all twelve patients,the laparoscopy-assisted PEG was successful,and EN was introduced four to six hours after the PEG placement.There were no complications in the perioperative period,either technical or metabolic.All the patients were discharged from the hospital and were then effectively fed using bolus methods.CONCLUSION:Laparoscopy-assisted PEG should become the method of choice for gastrostomy tube placement and subsequent EN if PEG placement cannot be performed safely. | Adam Hermanowicz Ewa Matuszczak Marta Komarowska Elzbieta Jarocka-Cyrta Jerzy Wojnar Wojciech Debek Konrad Matysiak Stanislaw Klek | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，43： | 5 |
| 17 | 经典型Richter综合征转化前后IgVH基因克隆重排及突变分析显示文摘目的检测经典型Richter综合征的IgVH基因克隆重排及突变状态,分析转化前后IgVH基因的分子特征及其与预后的关系,并对可能涉及的分子机制进行初步探讨。方法用基因扫描和测序分析IgVU基因。另外用免疫组织化学LAB—SA法检测两种肿瘤中zeta链结合蛋白激酶70(ZAP70)、p53、干扰素调节因子(IRF)-4等可能潜在危险因子的表达,并结合随访资料进行生存率分析,筛选危险因子。结果(1)B—CLL/DLBCL克隆相关(18/23,78.3%),克隆不相关(5/23,21.7%);(2)在16例克隆相关中,12例转化前B-CLL及转化后DLBCL携带未突变IgVH基因;(3)转化前后IgVH基因使用是非随机的,在克隆相关的病例中,B-CLL/DLBCL最常使用VH3-23、VH3-74、VH1-2,各占11.1%;(4)转化后DLBCL仅部分表达CD5(32.1%)和CD23(14.3%)及ZAP70(23.8%),绝大多数表达p53(80.6%)和IRF-4(82.6%);(5)17例转化后DLBCL患者中位生存时间为7个月;(6)统计学分析生存时间与B—CLL/DLBCL转化前后克隆相关与否、IgVH基因的突变状态、ZAP70、p53、IRF-4的表达不相关。结论(1)转化后DLBCL中克隆相关与克隆不相关的比例为2:1;(2)克隆相关的DLBCL多由携带未突变型IgVH基因的B—CLL患者转化而来;(3)发生转化的B—CLL中IgVH基因使用的偏向性提示了抗原在转化中的可能作用;(4)转化后DLBCL与普通DLBCL在IgVH基因的使用、突变状态,免疫表型及预后的不同,提示其可能是一种新的DLBCL亚类。 | 毛峥嵘 Andreas Rosenwald 章锁江 周韧 Hans Konrad Mueller-Hermelink | 2008 | 中华病理学杂志2008，37，6： | 5 |
| 18 | A review on the critical challenges and progress of SiO_(x)-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries显示文摘With the advantages of abundant resources,high specific capacity,and relatively stable cycling performance,silicon suboxides(SiO_(x) ,x<2)have been recently suggested as promising anodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).SiO_(x) exhibits superior storage capability because of the presence of silicon and smaller volume change upon charge/discharge than Si owing to the buffering effect of the initial lithiation products of inert lithium oxide and lithium silicates,enabling a stable cycle life of electrodes.However,significant improvements such as overcoming issues related to volume changes in cycling and initial irreversible capacity loss and enhancing the ionic and electronic charge transport in poorly conducting SiO_(x) electrodes,are still needed to achieve the satisfactory performance required for commercial applications.This review summarizes recent progress on the cycling performance and initial coulombic efficiency of SiO_(x) .Advances in the design of particle morphology and composite composition,prelithiation and prereduction methods,and usage of electrolyte additives and optimized electrode binders are discussed.Perspectives on the promising research directions that might lead to further improvement of the electrochemical properties of SiO_(x) -based anodes are noted.This paper can serve as a basis for the research and development of high-energy-density LIBs. | Nana Yao Yu Zhang Xianhui Rao Zhao Yang Kun Zheng KonradŚwierczek Hailei Zhao | 2022 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2022，29，4： | 4 |
| 19 | Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008显示文摘 | R Phillip Dellinger Mitchell M. Levy Jean M. Carlet Julian Bion Margaret M. Parker Roman Jaeschke Konrad Reinhart Derek C. Angus Christian Brun-Buisson Richard Beale Thierry Calandra Jean-Francois Dhainaut Herwig Gerlach Maurene Harvey John J. Marini John | 2008 | Critical Care Medicine2008，，1： | 4 |
| 20 | The B-relaxation in metallic glasses显示文摘Focusing on metallic glasses as model systems, we review the features and mechanisms of the β-relaxations,which are intrinsic and universal to supercooled liquids and glasses, and demonstrate their importance in understanding many crucial unresolved issues in glassy physics and materials science, including glass transition phenomena, mechanical properties, shear-banding dynamics and deformation mechanisms,difusion and the breakdown of the Stokes–Einstein relation as well as crystallization and stability of glasses.We illustrate that it is an atractive prospect to incorporate these insights into the design of new glassy materials with extraordinary properties. We also outline important questions regarding the nature ofβ-relaxations and highlight some emerging research directions in this still-evolving ield. | Hai Bin Yu Wei Hua Wang Hai Yang Bai Konrad Samwer | 2014 | National Science Review2014，1，3： | 4 |
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