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| 1 | Dissection of genetic overlap of salt tolerance QTLs at the seedling and tillering stages using backcross introgression lines in rice显示文摘QTLs for salt-tolerance(ST)related traits at the seedling and tillering stages were identified using 99 BC2F8 introgression lines(IL)derived from a cross between IR64(indica)as a recurrent parent and Binam(japonica)from Iran as the donor parent.Thirteen QTLs affecting survival days of seedlings(SDS), score of salt toxicity of leaves(SST),shoot K + concentration(SKC)and shoot Na + concentration(SNC) at the seedling stage and 22 QTLs underlying fresh weight of shoots(FW),tiller number per plant(TN) and plant height(PH)at the tillering stage were identified.Most QTLs detected at the tillering stage showed obvious differential expression to salt stress and were classified into three types based on their differential behaviors.Type I included 11 QTLs which were expressed only under the non-stress condition.Type II included five QTLs expressed in the control and the salt stress conditions,and three of them(QPh5,QPh8 and QTn9)had similar quantity and the same direction of gene effect,suggesting their expression was less influenced by salt stress.Type III included six QTLs which were detectable only under salt stress,suggesting that these QTLs were apparently induced by the stress.Thirteen QTLs affecting trait difference or trait stability of ILs between the stress and non-stress conditions were identified and the Binam alleles at all loci except QPh4,QTn2 and QFw2a decreased trait difference.The three QTLs less influenced by the stress and 13 QTLs affecting trait stability were considered as ST QTLs which contributed to ST.Comparing the distribution of QTLs detected at the seedling and tillering stages,most(69%)of them were genetically independent.Only four were the same or adjacent regions on chromosomes 1,2,8 and 11 harboring ST QTLs detected at the two stages,suggesting that partial genetic overlap of ST across the two stages occurs.It is likely,therefore,to develop ST rice variety for both stages by pyramiding of ST QTLs of different stages or selection against the overlapping QTLs between the two stages via marker-assisted selection(MAS). | ZANG JinPing 1 ,SUN Yong 1 ,WANG Yun 1 ,YANG Jing 1 ,LI Fang 1 ,ZHOU YongLi 1 ,ZHU LingHua 1 , Reys JESSICA2,Fotokian MOHAMMADHOSEIN 2,XU JianLong 1&LI ZhiKang 1,2 1Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources&Genetic Improvement,Chinese Academy of Agricul- tural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China 2International Rice Research Institute,DAPO Box 7777,Metro Manila,Philippines | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，7： | 32 |
| 2 | Spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation and its relationship with climate factors Mongolia, China coverage in Inner显示文摘The vegetation coverage dynamics and its relationship with climate factors on different spatial and temporal scales in Inner Mongolia during 2001-2010 were analyzed based on MODIS-NDVI data and climate data.The results indicated that vegetation coverage in Inner Mongolia showed obvious longitudinal zonality,increasing from west to east across the region with a change rate of 0.2/10°N.During 2001-2010,the mean vegetation coverage was 0.57,0.4 and 0.16 in forest,grassland and desert biome,respectively,exhibiting evident spatial heterogeneities.Totally,vegetation coverage had a slight increasing trend during the study period.Across Inner Mongolia,the area of which the vegetation coverage showed extremely significant and significant increase accounted for 11.25% and 29.13% of the area of whole region,respectively,while the area of which the vegetation coverage showed extremely significant and significant decrease accounted for 7.65% and 26.61%,respectively.On inter-annual time scale,precipitation was the dominant driving force of vegetation coverage for the whole region.On inter-monthly scale,the change of vegetation coverage was consistent with both the change of temperature and precipitation,implying that the vegetation growth within a year is more sensitive to the combined effects of water and heat rather than either single climate factor.The vegetation coverage in forest biome was mainly driven by temperature on both inter-annual and inter-monthly scales,while that in desert biome was mainly influenced by precipitation on both the two temporal scales.In grassland biome,the yearly vegetation coverage had a better correlation with precipitation,while the monthly vegetation coverage was influenced by both temperature and precipitation.In grassland biome,the impacts of precipitation on monthly vegetation coverage showed time-delay effects. | MU Shaojie YANG Hongfei LI Jianlong CHEN Yizhao GANG Chengcheng ZHOU Wei JU Weimin | 2013 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2013，23，2： | 28 |
| 3 | Design and Analysis of Electro-mechanical Hybrid Anti-lock Braking System for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Utilizing Motor Regenerative Braking显示文摘Braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads, hybrid electric vehicle's motor regenerative torque is switched off to safeguard the normal anti-lock braking system(ABS) function.When the ABS control is terminated, the motor regenerative braking is readmitted.Aiming at avoiding permanent cycles from hydraulic anti-lock braking to motor regenerative braking, a novel electro-mechanical hybrid anti-lock braking system using fuzzy logic is designed.Different from the traditional single control structure, this system has a two-layered hierarchical structure.The first layer is responsible for harmonious adjustment or interaction between regenerative system and anti-lock braking system.The second layer is responsible for braking torque distribution and adjustment.The closed-loop simulation model is built.Control strategy and method for coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking are developed.Simulation braking on low adhesion-coefficient roads with fuzzy logic control and real vehicle braking field test are presented.The results from simulating analysis and experiment show braking performance of the vehicle is perfect, harmonious coordination between regenerative and anti-lock braking function, significant amount of braking energy can be recovered and the proposed control strategy and method are effective. | ZHANG Jianlong YIN Chengliang ZHANG Jianwu | 2009 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2009，22，1： | 22 |
| 4 | Removal of nitrate from groundwater by heterotrophic denitrification using the solid carbon source显示文摘Removal of nitrate from groundwater was investigated using biodegradable meal box(BMB) and poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) as carbon source and biofilm carrier.The experimental results show that nitrate in groundwater can be effectively removed using BMB and PCL as carbon source.Denitrification rates supported by BMB and PCL were 52.80 and 42.77 mg(NO3-N)/(m2h),respectively,at 30 ℃ and pH 7.5.The pH value of effluent ranged from 7 to 8,and NO2-N concentration was less than 0.1 mg/L.Compared with BMB,PCL could decrease nitrite accumulation;however,more significant influence of temperature on denitrification was observed for PCL as carbon source.Temperature constants for BMB and PCL were 0.045 and 0.068,respectively,at 10-30℃.Based on denitrification efficiency and cost,BMB is more suitable as a carbon source for denitrification of groundwater than PCL. | WANG XuMing WANG JianLong | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，2： | 20 |
| 5 | The rice OsV4 encoding a novel pentatricopeptide repeat protein is required for chloroplast development during the early leaf stage under cold stress显示文摘Pentatricopeptide repeat(PPR)proteins,characterized by tandem arrays of a 35 amino acid motif,have been suggested to play central and broad roles in modulating the expression of organelle genes in plants.However,the molecular mechanisms of most rice PPR genes remains unclear.In this paper,we isolated and characterized a temperature-conditional virescent mutant,OsV4,in rice(Oryza sativa cultivar Jiahua1(WT,japonica rice variety)).The mutant displays albino phenotype and abnormal chloroplasts at the three leaf stage,which gradually turns green after the four leaf stage at a low temperature(20°C).But the mutant always develops green leaves and well-developed chloroplasts at a high temperature(32°C).Genetic and molecular analyses uncovered that OsV4 encodes a novel chloroplast-targeted PPR protein including four PPR motifs.Further investigations show that the mutant phenotype is associated with changes in chlorophyll content and chloroplast development.The OsV4transcripts only accumulate to high levels in young leaves,indicating that its expression is tissue-specific.In addition,transcript levels of some ribosomal components and plastid-encoded polymerase-dependent genes are dramatically reduced in the albino mutants grown at 20°C.These findings suggest that OsV4 plays an important role during early chloroplast development under cold stress in rice. | Xiaodi Gong Qianqian Su Dongzhi Lin Quan Jiang Jianlong Xu Jianhui Zhang Sheng Teng Yanjun Dong | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2014，56，4： | 19 |
| 6 | Desertification dynamic and the relative roles of climate change and human activities in desertification in the Heihe River Basin based on NPP显示文摘Relative roles of climate change and human activities in desertification are the hotspot of research on desertification dynamic and its driving mechanism.To overcome the shortcomings of existing studies,this paper selected net primary productivity(NPP) as an indicator to analyze desertification dynamic and its impact factors.In addition,the change trends of actual NPP,potential NPP and HNPP(human appropriation of NPP,the difference between potential NPP and actual NPP) were used to analyze the desertification dynamic and calculate the relative roles of climate change,human activities and a combination of the two factors in desertification.In this study,the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)-Normalised Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) and meteorological data were utilized to drive the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA) model to calculate the actual NPP from 2001 to 2010 in the Heihe River Basin.Potential NPP was estimated using the Thornthwaite Memorial model.Results showed that 61% of the whole basin area underwent land degradation,of which 90.5% was caused by human activities,8.6% by climate change,and 0.9% by a combination of the two factors.On the contrary,1.5% of desertification reversion area was caused by human activities and 90.7% by climate change,the rest 7.8% by a combination of the two factors.Moreover,it was demonstrated that 95.9% of the total actual NPP decrease was induced by human activities,while 69.3% of the total actual NPP increase was caused by climate change.The results revealed that climate change dominated desertification reversion,while human activities dominated desertification expansion.Moreover,the relative roles of both climate change and human activities in desertification possessed great spatial heterogeneity.Additionally,ecological protection policies should be enhanced in the Heihe River Basin to prevent desertification expansion under the condition of climate change. | Wei ZHOU ZhengGuo SUN JianLong LI ChengCheng GANG ChaoBin ZHANG | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，4： | 18 |
| 7 | Degradation of 4-chlorophenol in aqueous solution by γ-radiation and ozone oxidation显示文摘The degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by using gamma rays generated by a 60Co source in the presence of O3 was investigated. The radiolysis of 4-CP and the kinetics of 4-CP min-eralization were analyzed based on the determination of total organic carbon (TOC). The influence of initial 4-CP concentration and the free radicals scavengers (such as NaHCO3 and t-butanol) on the 4-CP degradation was also studied. The results showed that when the radiation rate was 336 Gy·min?1, 4-chlorophenol at concentration of 10 mg·L?1 could be completely degraded at the radiation dose of 2 kGy. The degradation of 4-chlorophenol could be described by a first-order reaction model, the rate constant of 4-CP degradation by combined ozonation and radiation was 0.1016 min?1, which was 2.4 times higher than the sum of radiation (0.0294 min?1) and ozonation (0.0137 min?1). It re-vealed that the combination of radiation and ozonation resulted in synergistic effect, which can re-markably increase the degradation efficiency of 4-CP. | HU Jun1, WANG Jianlong1,2 & CHEN Rong1 1. Laboratory of Environmental Technology, Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 2. State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Jianlong | 2006 | Science China Chemistry2006，49，2： | 16 |
| 8 | Series-parallel Hybrid Vehicle Control Strategy Design and Optimization Using Real-valued Genetic Algorithm显示文摘Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle, few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex construction and control strategy. In this paper, a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed, and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed. The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge, a tangent penalty function of state of charge(SOC) is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem. For this strategy, the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed, and an 'optimal line' typed strategy is designed for the parallel control. The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching, the highest state of charge allowed, the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed. They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes, arithmetic crossover and mutation operators. The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test, in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule. The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization. This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper, but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles. | XIONG Weiwei YIN Chengliang ZHANG Yong ZHANG Jianlong | 2009 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2009，22，6： | 14 |
| 9 | Approach to increasing the quality of pressure-relieved gas drained from protected coal seam using surface borehole and its industrial application显示文摘 | Yingke Liu Fubao Zhou Jianlong Wang Jun Liu | 2015 | International Journal of Coal Science & Technology2015，2，1： | 13 |
| 10 | Assessing the Dynamics of Grassland Net Primary Productivity in Response to Climate Change at the Global Scale显示文摘Understanding the net primary productivity(NPP) of grassland is crucial to evaluate the terrestrial carbon cycle. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution and the area of global grassland across the globe. Then, we used the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach(CASA) model to estimate global grassland NPP and explore the spatio-temporal variations of grassland NPP in response to climate change from 1982 to 2008. Results showed that the largest area of grassland distribution during the study period was in Asia(1737.23 × 104 km^2), while the grassland area in Europe was relatively small(202.83 × 10~4 km^2). Temporally, the total NPP increased with fluctuations from 1982 to 2008, with an annual increase rate of 0.03 Pg C/yr. The total NPP experienced a significant increasing trend from 1982 to 1995, while a decreasing trend was observed from 1996 to 2008. Spatially, the grassland NPP in South America and Africa were higher than the other regions, largely as a result of these regions are under warm and wet climatic conditions. The highest mean NPP was recorded for savannas(560.10 g C/(m^2·yr)), whereas the lowest was observed in open shrublands with an average NPP of 162.53 g C/(m^2·yr). The relationship between grassland NPP and annual mean temperature and annual precipitation(AMT, AP, respectively) varies with changes in AP, which indicates that, grassland NPP is more sensitive to precipitation than temperature. | LIU Yangyang YANG Yue WANG Qian KHALIFA Muhammad ZHANG Zhaoying TONG Linjing LI Jianlong SHI Aiping | 2019 | Chinese Geographical Science2019，29，5： | 12 |
| 11 | Grassland coverage inter-annual variation and its coupling relation with hydrothermal factors in China during 1982-2010显示文摘GIMMS(Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies) NDVI(Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) from 1982 to 2006 and MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) NDVI from 2001 to 2010 were blended to extract the grass coverage and analyze its spatial pattern. The response of grass coverage to climatic variations at annual and monthly time scales was analyzed. Grass coverage distribution had increased from northwest to southeast across China. During 1982–2010, the mean nationwide grass coverage was 34% but exhibited apparent spatial heterogeneity, being the highest(61.4%) in slope grasslands and the lowest(17.1%) in desert grasslands. There was a slight increase of the grass coverage with a rate of 0.17% per year. Increase in slope grasslands coverage was as high as 0.27% per year, while in the plain grasslands and meadows the grass coverage increase was the lowest(being 0.11% per year and 0.1% per year, respectively). Across China, the grass coverage with extremely significant increase(P<0.01) and significant increase(P<0.05) accounted for 46.03% and 11% of the total grassland area, respectively, while those with extremely significant and significant decrease accounted for only 4.1% and 3.24%, respectively. At the annual time scale, there are no significant correlations between grass coverage and annual mean temperature and precipitation. However, the grass coverage was somewhat affected by temperature in alpine and sub-alpine grassland, alpine and sub-alpine meadow, slope grassland and meadow, while grass coverage in desert grassland and plain grassland was more affected by precipitation. At the monthly time-scale, there are significant correlations between grass coverage with both temperature and precipitation, indicating that the grass coverage is more affected by seasonal fluctuations of hydrothermal conditions. Additionally, there is one-month time lag-effect between grass coverage and climate factors for each grassland types. | ZHOU Wei GANG Chengcheng CHEN Yizhao MU Shaojie SUN Zhengguo LI Jianlong | 2014 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2014，24，4： | 12 |
| 12 | Molecular mechanisms of salinity tolerance in rice显示文摘Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses which impose constraints to plant growth and production.Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is one of the most important staple food crops and a model monocot plant.Its production is expanding into regions that are affected by soil salinity,requiring cultivars more tolerant to saline conditions.Understanding the molecular mechanisms of such tolerance could lay a foundation for varietal improvement of salt tolerance in rice.In spite of extensive studies exploring the mechanism of salt tolerance,there has been limited progress in breeding for increased salinity tolerance.In this review,we summarize the information about the major molecular mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance in rice and further discuss the limitations in breeding for salinity tolerance.We show that numerous gene families and interaction networks are involved in the regulation of rice responses to salinity,prompting a need for a comprehensive functional analysis.We also show that most studies are based on whole-plant level analyses with only a few reports focused on tissue-and/or cell-specific gene expression.More details of salt-responsive channel and transporter activities at tissue-and cell-specific level still need to be documented before these traits can be incorporated into elite rice germplasm.Thus,future studies should focus on diversity of available genetic resources and,particular,wild rice relatives,to reincorporate salinity tolerance traits lost during domestication. | Tianxiao Chen Sergey Shabala Yanan Niu Zhong-Hua Chen Lana Shabala Holger Meinke Gayatri Venkataraman Ashwani Pareek Jianlong Xu Meixue Zhou | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，3： | 11 |
| 13 | Breeding by design for future rice:Genes and genome technologies显示文摘1.Introduction Rice is a staple food for 3.2 billion people.The food security threat that shook many Asian countries in 2008 still looms,because farmers are facing the challenge of producing more rice with fewer resources of water,land,and inputs. | Jianlong Xu Yongzhong Xing Yunbi Xu Jianmin Wan | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，3： | 10 |
| 14 | Editing of Rice Isoamylase Gene ISA1 Provides Insights into Its Function in Starch Formation显示文摘Isoamylase 1(ISA1) is an isoamylase-type debranching enzyme which plays a predominant role in amylopectin synthesis. In this study, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated endonuclease 9(CRISPR/Cas9) system was used to edit ISA1 gene in rice via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. We identified 36 genetic edited lines from 55 T_0 transgenic events, and classified the mutation forms into 7 types. Of those, two homozygous mutants, cr-isa1-1(type 1, with an adenine insertion) and cr-isa1-2(type 3, with a cytosine deletion) were selected for further analysis. Seed sizes of both cr-isa1-1 and cr-isa1-2 were affected, and the two mutants also displayed a shrunken endosperm with significantly lower grain weight. Electron microscopy analysis showed that abnormal starch granules and amyloplasts were found in cr-isa1-1 and cr-isa1-2 endosperm cells. The contents of total starch, amylose and amylopectin in the endosperm of the cr-isa1 mutants were significantly reduced, whereas sugar content and starch gel consistency were observably increased compared to the wild-type. The gelatinization temperature and starch chain length distributions of the cr-isa1 mutants were also altered. Moreover, transcript levels of most starch synthesis-related genes were significantly lower in cr-isa1 mutants. In conclusion, the results indicated that gene edition of ISA1 affected starch synthesis and endosperm development, and brought potential implications for rice quality breeding. | CHAO Shufen CAI Yicong FENG Baobing JIAO Guiai SHENG Zhonghua LUO Ju TANG Shaoqing WANG Jianlong HU Peisong WEI Xiangjin | 2019 | Rice science2019，26，2： | 10 |
| 15 | Study on triaxial test method and failure criterion of asphalt mixture显示文摘Asphalt mixture is the most widely used pavement material all over the world.In China,more than 90%of service expressways are asphalt pavement.However,current asphalt pavement design method still has irrationality.Even though maximum tensile stress theory is used as failure criterion,pavement structure under the effects of wheel load is in three-dimensional complex stress state.Obviously,one-dimensional strength theory cannot reflect the failure characteristics and the resistance of pavement structure.So it is necessary to study the failure criterion of asphalt mixture under three-dimensional complex stress state.Due to limitations of test equipment,there are almost no studies in related area.Under this background,this paper develops a new triaxial test method,according to the investigation of strength characteristics of asphalt mixture under complex stress state through plane isobaric/axial tensile test,plane isobaric/axial compression test,plane tensile and compression/axial tensile test,to reveal the general rules of asphalt mixture's strength failure.The failure mode is divided into three types:tensile failure,shear failure and rheological failure.The tensile meridian and compression meridian in the stress space and strength envelope in the p plane where hydrostatic pressure is greater than zero are obtained,and the failure criterion of asphalt mixture under complex stress state is established,providing theoretical method and scientific basis for structure design as well as strength check of asphalt pavement under three-dimensional stress state. | Jianlong Zheng Tuo Huang | 2015 | Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition)2015，2，2： | 9 |
| 16 | Reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol using nanoscale Fe^0: influencing factors and possible mechanism显示文摘Nanoscale Fe0 was synthesized through a reductive method in this paper. The experiments were per-formed to investigate the reduction of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) by nanoscale Fe0 under different conditions. The pathways for the reduction of 2,4-DCP by nanoscale Fe0 were discussed. Batch studies demonstrated that the mechanism includes adsorption, dechlorination and cleavage of the benzene ring. Dechlorination, which occurs after 2,4-DCP molecule is adsorbed on the interface of Fe particle, is an interfacial reaction. One or two chlorine atom can be removed from 2,4-DCP to form 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol or phenol. As the concentration of 2,4-DCP increased, the relative dechlorination ratio decreased. However, the reduced quantities of 2,4-DCP increased. Temperature can influence dechlo-rination rate and pathway. Dechlorination is prior to cleavage of the benzene ring at a higher tempera-ture, but at a lower temperature, adsorption may be the main pathway, and cleavage of the benzene ring may be prior to dechlorination. | CHENG Rong WANG JianLong ZHANG WeiXian | 2007 | Science China Chemistry2007，50，4： | 9 |
| 17 | Radiolysis of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous solution by gamma radiation显示文摘Steady-state radiolysis experiments were performed to investigate the γ-irradiation treatment of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous solution. The e?ect of initial concentration on the PCP degradation was also investigated. The experimental results showed that γirradiation was able to degrade PCP in aqueous solution successfully, and the radiolytical degradation process of PCP could be described by the first-order kinetic model. When the initial concentration of PCP was 25 and 50 mg/L and the radiation dose was 4 and 6 kGy, respectively, the degradation e?ciency was 100%. A luminescence bacterial test was used for evaluating the toxicity of the radiolytic intermediate products. Total detoxification of a 75 mg/L PCP solution could be achieved by carrying out the irradiation procedure at the dose of 15 kGy. | XUE, Jun WANG, Jianlong | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，10： | 9 |
| 18 | Adsorption characteristics of a novel ceramsite for heavy metal removal from stormwater runoff显示文摘Urban sediments have rapidly increased in recent years around the world,and their effective management has become an important problem.To remove heavy metals from stormwater runoff and use sediments as a resource,a novel ceramsite was developed using sewer pipe sediments(SPS),river bed sediments(RBS),urban water supply treatment sludge(WSTS),and wastewater treatment plant excess sludge(WWTS).The optimal composition was determined based on the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area and an orthogonal test design.The adsorption characteristics of the novel ceramsite for dissolved heavy metals(Cu^(2+)and Cd^(2+)) were investigated through adsorption isotherms and kinetic experiments at(25±1)℃.Both Cu^(2+) and Cd^(2+) were effectively removed by the novel ceramsite,and their equilibrium adsorption was 4.96 mg·g^(-1) and 3.84 mg·g^(-1),respectively.Langmuir isotherms and a pseudo-first-order kinetic equation described the adsorption process better than other techniques.Characterization analysis of the ceramsite composition before and after heavy metal adsorption showed that the Cu^(2+) and Cd^(2+) contents in the ceramsite increased after adsorption.The results revealed that adsorption is both a physical and chemical process,and that ceramsite can be used as a bioretention medium to remove heavy metals from stormwater runoff while simultaneously converting problematic urban sediments into a resource. | Jianlong wang Yuanling Zhao Pingping Zhang Liqiong Yang Huai'ao Xu Guangpeng Xi | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2018，26，1： | 9 |
| 19 | Development and applications of gain-switched fiber lasers[Invited]显示文摘We briefly review the development of gain-switched rare-earth-doped fiber lasers and their applications in wavelength conversion to mid-IR,supercontinuum generation,and medicine in recent years.We illustrate the similarities between gain-switching and Q-switching techniques that will provide tools for the design and optimization of the gain-switched fiber lasers.From the nature of the gain-switched fiber lasers,benefits of this kind of lasers to 2-μm region and in-band-pumped(two-level system)laser systems are obvious.Advantages of in-band-pumped 2-μm lasers are discussed and analyzed with a simple numerical simulation in terms of Tm-doped fiber lasers.We also propose the key factors in the development of the gain-switched fiber lasers and predict the future tendency. | Jianlong Yang Yulong Tang Jianqiu Xu | 2013 | Photonics Research2013，1，1： | 8 |
| 20 | Saline-Alkali Tolerance in Rice: Physiological Response, Molecular Mechanism, and QTL Identification and Application to Breeding显示文摘Salinity-alkalinity is incipient abiotic stress that impairs plant growth and development.Rice(Oryza sativa)is a major food crop greatly affected by soil salinity and alkalinity,requiring tolerant varieties in the saline-alkali prone areas.Understanding the molecular and physiological mechanisms of saline-alkali tolerance paves the base for improving saline-alkali tolerance in rice and leads to progress in breeding.This review illustrated the physiological consequences,and molecular mechanisms especially signaling and function of regulating genes for saline-alkali tolerance in rice plants.We also discussed QTLs regarding saline-alkali tolerance accordingly and ways of deployment for improvement.More efforts are needed to identify and utilize the identified QTLs for saline-alkali tolerance in rice. | Ratan Kumar GANAPATI Shahzad Amir NAVEED Sundus ZAFAR WANG Wensheng XU Jianlong | 2022 | Rice science2022，29，5： | 8 |
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