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| 1 | First observation of mesospheric and thermospheric winds by a Fabry-Perot interferometer in China显示文摘A Fabry-Perot interferometer,funded by the Meridian Project in China,was deployed at the Xinglong station(40.2°N,117.4°E) of the National Astronomical Observatories in Hebei Province,China.The instrument has been operating since April 2010,measuring mesospheric and thermospheric winds.The first observational data of winds at three heights in the mesosphere and thermosphere were analyzed,demonstrating the capacity of this instrument to aid basic scientific research.The wavelengths of three airglow emissions were OH892.0,OI 557.7,and OI 630.0 nm,which corresponded to heights of 87,98,and 250 km,respectively.Three 38-day data sets of horizontal winds,from April 5,2010 to May 12,2010,show clear day-to-day variations at the same height.The minimum and maximum meridional winds at heights of 87,98,and 250 km were-16.5 to 8.7 m/s,-24.4 to 15.9 m/s,and-43.6 to 1.5 m/s.Measurements of zonal winds were-5.4 to 7.6 m/s,2.3 to 23.0 m/s,and-22.6 to 49.3 m/s.The average data from the observations was consistent with the data from HWM93.The wind data at heights of 87 and 98 km suggest a semi-diurnal oscillation,clearly consistent with HWM93 results.Conversely there was a clear discrepancy between the observations and the model at 250 km.In general,this Fabry-Perot interferometer is a useful ground-based instrument for measuring mesospheric and thermospheric winds at middle latitudes. | YUAN Wei XU JiYao MA RuiPing WU Qian JIANG GuoYing GAO Hong LIU Xiao CHEN SunZheng | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，35： | 18 |
| 2 | The first observation of the atmospheric tides in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere over Hainan, China显示文摘Fuke (19.5°N, 109.1°E) meteor radar is the first radar of the low latitudes of China, which is used to detect the wind in the meso- sphere and lower thermosphere. In this paper, by using the wind data near three months (1 February-20 April, 2009), we first present the variation of the atmospheric diurnal tide, semidiurnal tide and mean wind in the height range 80-100 km over the low latitudes of China. The results from our analysis are summarized below. During spring months, there are quite strong tides in the mesopause region of Fuke. The diurnal tidal amplitude is significantly larger than the amplitude of semidiurnal tide, and the maximum amplitude (about 100 m/s) of diurnal tide appear in the meridional wind. The vertical phases of both diurnal tide and semidiurnal tide propagate downward. In addition, the observed tides are compared with the linear tide model (Global Scale Wave Model, GSWM02), and the results show that Fuke diurnal tide agrees well with the model, but there are many differences between Fuke semidiurnal tide and the results from model. | JIANG GuoYing XU JiYao SHI JianKui YANG GuoTao WANG Xiao YAN ChunXiao | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，11： | 12 |
| 3 | A comparison of mesospheric winds measured by FPI and meteor radar located at 40N显示文摘In this paper, winds derived from OH Meinel 892.0 nm detection by an FPI (Fabry-Perot Interferometer) are compared with the simultaneous wind measurements from a meteor radar during April-May of 2010. The peak height of OH Meinel 892.0 nm is about 87 km. The variations of FPI wind at 87 km mostly have the similar track to meteor radar wind at 87 km, and the data values of FPI wind mainly fall into the range of meteor radar wind. However, there are still quantitative differences between the observations of the two systems. The best cross-correlation occurs in meridional winds from two systems in April of 2010. An obvious wave signal with 0.2 cycle/d frequency is found in meridional winds observed by both FPI and meteor radar. | JIANG GuoYing XU JiYao YUAN Wei NING BaiQi WAN WeiXing HU LianHuan | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，5： | 12 |
| 4 | Annual 30-m land use/land cover maps of China for 1980–2015 from the integration of AVHRR, MODIS and Landsat data using the BFAST algorithm显示文摘Annual land use land cover(LULC)change information at medium spatial resolution(i.e.at 30 m)is required in numerous subjects,such as biophysical modelling,land management and global change studies.Annual LULC information,however,is usually not available at continental or national scale due to reasons such as insufficient remote sensing data coverage or lack of computational capabilities.Here we integrate high temporal resolution and coarse spatial resolution satellite images(i.e.,Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)and Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies(GIMMS)normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI))with high spatial resolution datasets(China’s Land-Use/cover Datasets(CLUDs)derived from 30-meter Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI)to generate reliable annual nominal 30 m LULC maps for the whole of China between 1980 and 2015.We also test the performance of a statistical based change detection algorithm(Breaks for Additive Seasonal and Trend),originally designed for tracking forest change,in classifying all-type LULC change.As a result,a nominal 30 m annual land use/land cover datasets(CLUD-A)from 1980 to 2015 was developed for the whole China.The mapping results were assessed with a change sample dataset,a regional annual validation sample set and a three-year China sample set.Of the detected change years,75.61%matched the exact time of conversion within±1 year.Annual mapping results provided a detail process of urbanization,deforestation,afforestation,water and cropland dynamics over the past 36 years.The consistent characterization of land change dynamics for China can be further used in scientific research and to support land management for policy-makers. | Yidi XU Le YU Dailiang PENG Jiyao ZHAO Yuqi CHENG Xiaoxuan LIU Wei LI Ran MENG Xinliang XU Peng GONG | 2020 | Science China Earth Sciences2020，63，9： | 12 |
| 5 | Observations of the first meteorological rocket of the Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project显示文摘On June 3,2010,the first meteorological rocket of the Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project was successfully launched at the Hainan rocket launch site(19.5°N),China.This paper analyzes the vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and wind recorded by the rocket and its supportive balloons,and investigates wind shear,gravity waves and atmospheric stability.In addition,we compare the vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and wind with SABER/TIMED temperature measurements and the modeling results of MSIS00 and HWM07. | JIANG GuoYing XU JiYao SHI DongBo WEI Feng WANG LianZhong | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，20： | 9 |
| 6 | The Oral Microbiome Bank of China显示文摘The human microbiome project(HMP) promoted further understanding of human oral microbes. However, research on the human oral microbiota has not made as much progress as research on the gut microbiota. Currently, the causal relationship between the oral microbiota and oral diseases remains unclear, and little is known about the link between the oral microbiota and human systemic diseases. To further understand the contribution of the oral microbiota in oral diseases and systemic diseases, a Human Oral Microbiome Database(HOMD) was established in the US. The HOMD includes 619 taxa in 13 phyla, and most of the microorganisms are from American populations. Due to individual differences in the microbiome, the HOMD does not reflect the Chinese oral microbial status. Herein, we established a new oral microbiome database—the Oral Microbiome Bank of China(OMBC,http://gffzz1f92d53390b34408hxufwvbnp0b6n6pn9.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/ombc). Currently, the OMBC includes information on 289 bacterial strains and 720 clinical samples from the Chinese population, along with lab and clinical information. The OMBC is the first curated description of a Chinese-associated microbiome; it provides tools for use in investigating the role of the oral microbiome in health and diseases, and will give the community abundant data and strain information for future oral microbial studies. | Xian Peng Xuedong Zhou Xin Xu Yuqing Li Yan Li Jiyao Li Xiaoquan Su Shi Huang Jian Xu Ga Liao | 2018 | International Journal of Oral Science2018，10，2： | 8 |
| 7 | First experiment of spectrometric observation of hydroxyl emission and rotational temperature in the mesopause in China显示文摘A SpectroMeter of Atmospheric RadiaTion (SMART) was developed and installed at the Xinglong station of the National Astronomical Observatories in Hebei province, China, which was supported by the Meridian Project [1]. The experimental tests of spectrometric observation of the hydroxyl emission and rotational temperature in China were conducted for the first time on the night of February 23, 2011 and the night of April 27, 2011, respectively. OH 6-2 band and OH 8-3 band spectra were measured and the rotational temperature was retrieved. Hourly average temperatures (186.82±6.40) K of OH 8-3 band and (178.07±6.73) K of OH 6-2 band were derived from the spectra observed on the night of February 23, 2011. Intensities and rotational temperature against local time were determined by the spectra measured in the whole night of April 27, 2011. The rotational temperature was consistent with the spatial average temperature of NRLMSISE00 empirical model at height 83-91 km and the average temperature of TIMED/SABER from April to May of seven years at height 83-91 km, with some discrepancies. The results showed that the new instrument and the retrieval method of the rotational temperature can give reasonable results of the airglow emission of OH and the temperature of mesopause. | ZHU YaJun XU JiYao YUAN Wei LIU Xiao | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，5： | 7 |
| 8 | Influences of non-isothermal atmospheric backgrounds on variations of gravity wave parameters显示文摘因为在联合不同大气的区域的重力波浪(GW ) 的重要性,进一步的研究是必要的在非等温的气氛调查 GW 繁殖的特征。用一个非线性的数字模型,我们在不同非等温的气氛与各种各样的波长模仿小振幅 GW 的繁殖。我们的结果证明 GW 垂直波长在 stratopause 和中圈顶区域上面经历锋利的变化。明确地为有 5 km 的起始的垂直波长的 GW,在 50 | LIU Xiao ZHOU QiHou YUAN Wei XU JiYao | 2012 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2012，55，5： | 7 |
| 9 | Oral health in China: from vision to action显示文摘Chinese president Xi Jinping made clear at the National Health and Wellness Conference that health is the prerequisite for people's all-around development and a precondition for the sustainable development of China. Oral health is an indispensable component of overall health in humans. However, the long neglect of oral health in overall health agendas has made oral diseases an increasing concern. With this perspective, we described the global challenges of oral diseases, with an emphasis on the challenges faced by China. We also described and analyzed the recently released health policies of the Chinese government, which aim to guide midterm and long-term oral health promotion in China. More importantly, we called for specific actions to fulfill the larger goal of oral health for the nation. The implementation of primordial prevention efforts against oral diseases, the integration of oral health into the promotion of overall health, and the management of oral diseases in conjunction with other chronic non-communicable diseases with shared risk factors were highly recommended. In addition, we suggested the reform of standard clinical residency training, the development of domestic manufacturing of dental equipment and materials, the revitalization traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, and integration of oral health promotion into the Belt and Road Initiative. We look forward to seeing a joint effort from all aspects of the society to fulfill the goal of Healthy China 2030 and ensure the oral health of the nation. | Xuedong Zhou Xin Xu Jiyao Li Deyu Hu Tao Hu Wei Yin Yujiang Fan Xingdong Zhang | 2018 | International Journal of Oral Science2018，10，1： | 7 |
| 10 | Recent investigation on the coupling between the ionosphere and upper atmosphere显示文摘Scientific attention has recently been focused on the coupling of the earth's upper atmosphere and ionosphere. In the present work, we review the advances in this field, emphasizing the studies and contributions of Chinese scholars. This work first introduces new developments in the observation instruments of the upper atmosphere. Two kinds of instruments are involved: optical instruments(lidars, FP interferometers and all-sky airglow imagers) and radio instruments(MST radars and all-sky meteor radars). Based on the data from these instruments and satellites, the researches on climatology and wave disturbances in the upper atmosphere are then introduced. The studies on both the sporadic sodium layer and sporadic E-layer are presented as the main works concerning the coupling of the upper atmosphere and the low ionosphere. We then review the investigations on the ionospheric longitudinal structure and the causative atmospheric non-migrating tide as the main progress of the coupling between the atmosphere and the ionospheric F2-region. Regarding the ionosphere-thermosphere coupling, we introduce studies on the equatorial thermospheric anomaly, as well as the influence of the thermospheric winds and gravity waves to the ionospheric F2-region. Chinese scholars have made much advancement on the coupling of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere, including the observation instruments, data precession, and modeling, as well as the mechanism analysis. | WAN WeiXing XU JiYao | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，9： | 7 |
| 11 | Introduction to Chinese Meridian Project-PhaseⅡ显示文摘The Chinese Meridian Project is a ground-based space environment monitoring network,which is constructed in two steps.The first step(Phase I)of the project consists of 15 observation stations located roughly along 120°E longitude and 30°N latitude.The second step(Phase II)of the project will additionally deploy 16 stations to better cover China’s territory,and build a stereo monitoring capability to monitor the cause and effect of the space weather chain in the solar terrestrial system.Based on the existing two monitoring chains in Phase I,two more chains will be established along 100°E longitude and 40°N latitude,respectively,forming a double-cross network configuration.After the two-step construction,the whole project will run nearly 300 instruments deployed at 31 stations.Aside from standard instruments,quite a few innovative and powerful instruments will be developed,such as radioheliographs with a very wide frequency band,a 3-station incoherent scattering radar to make a 3D measurement of the ionosphere,and a helium lidar to measure atmosphere density up to an altitude of 1000 km. | WANG Chi Chen Zhiqing XU Jiyao | 2020 | 空间科学学报2020，40，5： | 7 |
| 12 | Advances in the Studies of the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in 2004 - 2006显示文摘This paper summarizes the research results obtained by Chinese scientists and/or through international collaborations during 2004 to 2006. Within the context of COSPAR, the progresses in the studies of the middle and upper atmosphere in China in the past two years are introduced with focusing the developments in facilities and instruments, and the advancements in scientific issues, e.g., dynamics related processes, atmospheric constituents, and the coupling with the lower atmosphere. | CHEN Zeyu LIU Renqiang CHEN Hongbin CHEN Wen LU Daren XU Jiyao HU Xiong | 2006 | 空间科学学报2006，26，z1： | 6 |
| 13 | Global distributions of OH and O_2 (1.27 μm) nightglow emissions observed by TIMED satellite显示文摘In order to investigate the global distributions of temporal variations of OH and O2 nightglow emissions,we statistically analyzed their variations with altitude,local time,and season,using the OH and O2 airglow emission rate data observed by the TIMED satellite between 2002 and 2009.The results indicated that the OH nightglow emission was stronger than dayglow emission and the O2 nightglow emission was weaker than dayglow emission.In the tropics,the OH nightglow intensity reached its maximum near midnight;at higher latitudes,the OH nightglow intensities after sunset and before sunrise were much strong.At the equinoxes,the O2 nightglow intensity in the tropics decreased with local time;at the solstices,the local time-latitude distribution of the O2 nightglow intensity had a valley(with weak emission).As for the altitude-latitude distributions of nightglow emission rates,the distribution for OH nightglow at the equinoxes had one peak(with strong emission)at the equator,with a peak height around 85 km;the peak for the March equinox was stronger than that for the September equinox.The distribution for O2 nightglow at the equinoxes had three peaks,lying at 30°in the spring and autumn hemispheres and at the equator,and the peak height at the equator was the lowest.The distributions for both OH and O2 nightglow emissions at the solstices had three peaks.Both nightglow intensities in the tropics had obvious annual and semi-annual variations,the peaks and valleys for semi-annual variations appeared near the equinoxes and solstices,respectively,and the peak at the March equinox was larger than that at the September equinox.The distributions of both OH and O2 nightglow intensities showed a hemispheric asymmetry. | GAO Hong XU JiYao CHEN GuangMing YUAN Wei BELETSKY A. B | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，2： | 5 |
| 14 | Nonlinear interactions between gravity waves and background winds显示文摘Using the nonlinear propagating gravity waves (GW) model in the two-dimensional compressible atmosphere and the linear GW theory, the process of GW propagation in different background winds, e.g. the direction of the background wind is opposite to (dead wind) or the same as (tail wind) the direction of the horizontal phase velocity of GW, is studied. The results show that the dead wind prolongs the vertical wavelength and accelerates GW propagation. Therefore, GW propagates up to a higher height becomes instable in a short time and eventually induces an inverse jet flow. Then, the vertical wavelength is becoming short due to the nonlinear interactions between GW and the inverse jet flow. The vertical wavelength and group velocity decrease after GW propagates into the tail wind. The initial instable time is delayed. Although most of GW is trapped in the instable region, some of GW propagates above the instable region. Compared with GW propagation in the tail wind, the nonlinear interactions between GW and the dead wind are also strong. In contrast, the linear GW theory predicts that GW can propagate freely in the dead wind. The vertical wavelength simulated by the nonlinear numerical model is different from that predicted by the linear theory greatly after GW propagates into the dead wind. | Liu Xiao Xu Jiyao | 2007 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2007，17，6： | 4 |
| 15 | Diurnal variations of turbulence parameters over the tropical oceanic upper troposphere during SCSMEX显示文摘Using the method of Thorpe analysis,the TKE(turbulence kinematic energy)dissipation rate(ε)and turbulence diffusivity(K)were derived from the RS(radiosounding)measurements in the tropical oceanic upper troposphere.The measurements were performed four times per day during two intense observation periods(May 5–25,and June 5–25)on the Kexue#1 scientific observation ship of SCSMEX(South China Sea Monsoon EXperiment)in 1998.There are three new features obtained from our analysis.First,the responses ofεand K to the onset of monsoon are negligible over the ocean at least for the data used here.Second,the temporal variations ofεand K are in a similar manner and exhibit strong diurnal variations.The diurnal variations achieve their maxima in the morning(08 LT)and early afternoon(14 LT),and achieve their minima in the evening(20 LT)and early morning hours(02 LT).The diurnal variations of turbulence parameters(εand K)and their responses to the onset of monsoon are entirely different from those derived over land at similar latitudes.Finally,although the correlations between the variations ofεand MCSs(mesoscale convective systems),which were derived from TRMM(tropical rainfall measuring mission)satellite,are not very well in only few days,the diurnal variations ofεaveraged over May and June are strongly correlated with the diurnal variations of MCSs with correlation factors of 0.79 and 0.94,respectively.This indicates that the turbulence and its diurnal variations over the tropic oceanic upper stratosphere region are highly related to the MCSs. | LIU Xiao XU JiYao YUAN Wei | 2014 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2014，57，2： | 3 |
| 16 | Simulation of response of sodium layer to the propagation of gravity wave显示文摘A time-dependent two-dimensional photochemical-dynamical coupling gravity wave model of sodium layer is developed, which combines the sodium photochemical theory, a time-dependent two-dimensional atmospheric photochemical model, a two-dimensional gravity wave model, and the International Reference Ionosphere model (IRI-95)with the diabatic process induced by photochemical reactions and the transport of chemical species by gravity waves included. The pseudospectral method is used in the horizontal direction, the finite difference approximations are used in vertical direction z and time t. And FICE method is used to solve the model. The simulation results indicate that intense perturbations of the sodium layer can be induced by the propagation of gravity waves. The results are consistent with the observations. | XU Jiyao | 2004 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2004，47，3： | 3 |
| 17 | Possible modulation of migrating diurnal tide by latitudinal gradient of zonal wind observed by SABER/TIMED显示文摘Temperature data from SABER/TIMED and Empirical Orthogonal Function(EOF) analysis are taken to examine possible modulations of the temperature migrating diurnal tide(DW1) by latitudinal gradients of zonal mean zonal wind(■). The result shows that z increases with altitudes and displays clearly seasonal and interannual variability. In the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere(MLT), at the latitudes between 20°N and 20°S, when ■ strengthens(weakens) at equinoxes(solstices) the DW1 amplitude increases(decreases) simultaneously. Stronger maximum in March-April equinox occurs in both z and the DW1 amplitude. Besides, a quasi-biennial oscillation of DW1 is also found to be synchronous with ■. The resembling spatial-temporal features suggest that ■ in the upper tropic MLT probably plays an important role in modulating semiannual, annual, and quasi-biennial oscillations in DW1 at the same latitude and altitude. In addition, ■ in the mesosphere possibly affects the propagation of DW1 and produces SAO of DW1 in the lower thermosphere. Thus, SAO of DW1 in the upper MLT may be a combined effect of ■ both in the mesosphere and in the upper MLT, which models studies should determine in the future. | LIU MoHan XU JiYao LIU HanLi LIU Xiao | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Advances in Researches on the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in 2008-2010显示文摘This paper summarizes the results of the researches on the middle and upper atmosphere obtained by Chinese scientists in 2008-2010.The focuses are specifically placed on the researches being associated with ground-based observation capability development,dynamical processes,the property of atmospheric circulation and the chemistry-climate coupling of the middle atmospheric layers. | Chen Zeyu Chen Hongbin Lue Daren Xu Jiyao Chen Wen Tian Wenshou Ren Rongcai Hu Yongyun Huang Kaiming | 2010 | 空间科学学报2010，30，5： | 2 |
| 19 | Statistics of gravity wave spectra in the troposphere and lower stratosphere over Beijing显示文摘We utilize the temperature profiles with a height resolution of 50-m obtained over the Beijing Observatory in the period between January of 2002 and December of 2002 to study vertical wavenumber spectra of normalized temperature fluctuations in the 1.67-8.02 km and 13.57-19.92 km altitude ranges and compare them with linear saturation model.Results indicate that individual vertical wavenumber spectra reveal a considerable variability in both slope and amplitude.The observed variability is not consistent with the predictions of linear saturation model.However,mean vertical wavenumber spectra in the troposphere measured at different seasons and different local times show great similarities with fairly uniform negative slopes of ~3.0 and amplitudes proportional to N 4,suggesting that the seasonal mean spectra observed in the troposphere completely obey the linear saturation model and are unique at present.In contrast,while the spectral slopes of the mean vertical wavenumber spectra in the lower stratosphere tend to support the explanation of the observed temperature fluctuations by linear saturation model,the spectral amplitudes diverge significantly from linear saturation model,suggesting that the seasonal mean spectra in the lower stratosphere do not obey the linear saturation model and are unique at present.The dominant vertical wavelengths derived from the observed mean vertical wavenumber spectra are estimated to be ~3.2-~2.1 km in the troposphere and lower stratosphere,which is generally consistent with those reported in the literature. | YUAN Wei XU JiYao WU YongFu CHEN HongBin BIAN JianChun | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Occurrence characteristics of branching structures in equatorial plasma bubbles:a statistical study based on all-sky imagers in China显示文摘Branching structure(BS)is a very important phenomenon in the evolution of equatorial plasma bubbles(EPBs),the mechanism of which is widely studied from observation and from simulation.However,occurrence characteristics of branching structure of equatorial plasma bubbles(BSEPBs)have not been well addressed.In this work,we used seven-years(2012-2018)of observations from two all-sky imagers to study occurrence of BSEPBs in detail.These data reveal a high incidence of BS in EPB cases;in particular,most EPBs occurring on days with geomagnetic disturbances exhibited BS.Periods when all EPBs exhibited BS increased significantly in the 2014 solar maximum.Occurrence times of BSEPBs varied with local time;most of the BSEPBs began to appear between 21:00 and 22:00 LT.During the solar maximum,some BSEPBs were observed after midnight.The data also reveal that BSEPBs are characterized primarily by two branches or three branches.Multi-branching appeared only in the solar maximum.EPB events with different coexisting branching structures increased from 2012 to 2014 and decreased from 2014 to 2018.These results strongly suggest that BSEPB occurrence is related to solar activity and geomagnetic activity,and thus provide a new perspective for future studies of EPBs as well as enriching our understanding of ionospheric irregularity. | Kun Wu JiYao Xu YaJun Zhu Wei Yuan | 2021 | Earth and Planetary Physics2021，5，5： | 2 |
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