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| 1 | Metastatic type 1 gastric carcinoid:A real threat or just a myth?显示文摘AIM:To describe disease characteristics and treatment modalities in a group of rare patients with metastatic gastric carcinoid type 1(GCA1).METHODS:Information on clinical,biochemical,radiological,histopathological findings,the extent of the disease,as well as the use of different therapeutic modalities and the long-term outcome were recorded.Patients’data were assessed at presentation,and thereafter at 6 to 12 monthly intervals both clinically and biochemically,but also endoscopically and histopathologically.Patients were evaluated for the presence of specific symptoms;the presence of autoimmune disorders and the presence of other gastrointestinal malignancies in other family members were also recorded.The evaluation of response to treatment was defined using established WHO criteria.RESULTS:We studied twenty consecutive patients with a mean age of 55.1 years.The mean follow-up period was 83 mo.Twelve patients had regional lymph node metastases and 8 patients had liver metastases.The primary tumor mean diameter was 20.13±10.83mm(mean±SD).The mean Ki-67 index was 6.8%±11.2%.All but one patient underwent endoscopic or surgical excision of the tumor.The disease was stable in all but 3 patients who had progressive liver disease.All patients remained alive during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION:Metastatic GCA1 carries a good overall prognosis,being related to a tumor size of≥1 cm,an elevated Ki-67 index and high serum gastrin levels. | Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg Dimitrios Thomas Jonathan R Strosberg Ulrich-Frank Pape Stephan Felder Apostolos V Tsolakis Krystallenia I Alexandraki Merav Fraenkel Leonard Saiegh Petachia Reissman Gregory Kaltsas David J Gross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，46： | 11 |
| 2 | Naringenin prevents experimental liver fibrosis by blocking TGFβ-Smad3 and JNK-Smad3 pathways显示文摘AIM To study the molecular mechanisms involved in the hepatoprotective effects of naringenin(NAR)on carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis.METHODS Thirty-two male Wistar rats(120-150 g)were randomly divided into four groups:(1)a control group(n=8)that received 0.7%carboxy methyl-cellulose(NAR vehicle)1 m L/daily p.o.;(2)a CCl4 group(n=8)that received 400 mg of CCl4/kg body weight i.p.3 times a week for 8 wk;(3)a CCl4+NAR(n=8)group that received 400 mg of CCl4/kg body weight i.p.3times a week for 8 wk and 100 mg of NAR/kg body weight daily for 8 wk p.o.;and(4)an NAR group(n=8)that received 100 mg of NAR/kg body weight daily for 8 wk p.o.After the experimental period,animals were sacrificed under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia.Liver damage markers such as alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(AP),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GTP),reduced glutathione(GSH),glycogen content,lipid peroxidation(LPO)and collagen content were measured.The enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase(GPx)was assessed.Liver histopathology was performed utilizing Masson’s trichrome and hematoxylin-eosin stains.Zymography assays for MMP-9 and MMP-2 were carried out.Hepatic TGF-β,α-SMA,CTGF,Col-I,MMP-13,NF-κB,IL-1,IL-10,Smad7,Smad3,p Smad3 and p JNK proteins were detected via western blot.RESULTS NAR administration prevented increases in ALT,AP,γ-GTP,and GPx enzymatic activity;depletion of GSH and glycogen;and increases in LPO and collagen produced by chronic CCl4 intoxication(P<0.05).Liver histopathology showed a decrease in collagen deposition when rats received NAR in addition to CCl4.Although zymography assays showed that CCl4 produced an increase in MMP-9 and MMP-2gelatinase activity;interestingly,NAR administration was associated with normal MMP-9 and MMP-2 activity(P<0.05).The anti-inflammatory,antinecrotic and antifibrotic effects of NAR may be attributed to its ability to prevent NF-κB activation and the subsequent production of IL-1 and IL-10(P<0.05).NAR completely prevented the increase in TGF-β,α-SMA,CTGF,Col-1,and MMP-13 proteins compared with the CCl4-treated group(P<0.05).NAR prevented Smad3phosphorylation in the linker region by JNK since this flavonoid blocked this kinase(P<0.05).CONCLUSION NAR prevents CCl4 induced liver inflammation,necrosis and fibrosis,due to its antioxidant capacity as a free radical inhibitor and by inhibiting the NF-κB,TGF-β-Smad3 and JNK-Smad3 pathways. | Erika Hernández-Aquino Natanael Zarco Sael Casas-Grajales Erika Ramos-Tovar Rosa E Flores-Beltrán Jonathan Arauz Mineko Shibayama Liliana Favari Víctor Tsutsumi José Segovia Pablo Muriel | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，24： | 10 |
| 3 | Lymph node imaging in initial staging of prostate cancer:An overview and update显示文摘Accurate nodal staging at the time of diagnosis of prostate cancer is crucial in determining a treatment plan for the patient.Pelvic lymph node dissection is the most reliable method,but is less than perfect and has increased morbidity.Cross sectional imaging with computed tomography(CT) and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) are non-invasive tools that rely on morphologic characteristics such as shape and size of the lymph nodes.However,lymph nodes harboring metastatic disease may be normal sized and non-metastatic lymph nodes may be enlarged due to reactive hyperplasia.The optimal strategy for preoperative staging remains a topic of ongoing research.Advanced imaging techniques to assess lymph nodes in the setting of prostate cancer utilizing novel MRI contrast agents as well as positron emission tomography(PET) tracers have been developed and continue to be studied.Magnetic resonance lymphography utilizing ultra-small super paramagnetic iron oxide has shown promising results in detection of metastatic lymph nodes.Combining MRL with diffusion-weighted imaging may also improve accuracy.Considerable efforts are being made to develop effective PET radiotracers that are performed using hybrid-imaging systems that combine PET with CT or MRI.PET tracers that will be reviewed in this article include [^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose,sodium [^(18)F]fluoride,[^(18)F]choline,[^(11)C]choline,prostate specific membrane antigen binding ligands,[^(11)C]acetate,[^(18)F]fluciclovine,gastrin releasing peptide receptor ligands,and androgen binding receptors.This article will review these advanced imaging modalities and ability to detect prostate cancer metastasis to lymph nodes.While more research isneeded,these novel techniques to image lymph nodes in the setting of prostate cancer show a promising future in improving initial lymph node staging. | Jessica G Zarzour Sam Galgano Jonathan McConathy John V Thomas Soroush Rais-Bahrami | 2017 | World Journal of Radiology2017，9，10： | 5 |
| 4 | Celiac plexus neurolysis in the management of unresectable pancreatic cancer:When and how?显示文摘Pancreatic cancer is the second most common abdominal cancer in North America with an estimated 20%resectability at diagnosis,and overall 5-year survival of 5%.Pain is common in pancreatic cancer patients with 70%-80%suffering substantial pain.Celiac plexus neurolysis(CPN)is a technique that can potentially improve pain control in pancreatic cancer while preventing further escalation of opioid consumption.CPN is performed by injecting absolute alcohol into the celiac plexus neural network of ganglia.This review sets out to explore the current status of CPN in non-resectable pancreatic cancer.We will examine:(1)the efficacy and safety of percutaneous-CPN and endoscopic ultrasound guided-CPN;(2)specific technique modifications including bilateral(vs central)injections and celiac ganglia neurolysis;and(3)the issue of CPN timing,early at pancreatic cancer diagnosis vs traditional late use as salvage therapy. | Jonathan M Wyse Yen-I Chen Anand V Sahai | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，9： | 4 |
| 5 | 非线性时间序列的复杂网络分析显示文摘近十多年,运用复杂网络的方法进行时间序列分析,是非线性动力学发展的最新方向,为传统的以混沌理论为基础的非线性时间序列分析注入了新生力量,在刻画动力系统非线性特征方面,提供了很多崭新的见解,在很多不同领域内都取得了广泛应用.本文回顾三种主要的方法:递归网络、可视图以及转换网络.着重介绍三种网络方法的理论基础和各自的最新进展.本文将指明今后时间序列网络方法的发展方向,并为实际数据分析提供指导作用. | 邹勇 DONNER Reik V MARWAN Norbert DONGES Jonathan F KURTHS Jürgen | 2020 | 中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学2020，50，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Appropriateness of systemic treatments in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors显示文摘AIM:To evaluate systemic treatment choices in unresectable metastatic well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)and provide consensus treatment recommendations.METHODS:Systemic treatment options for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors have expanded in recent years to include somatostatin analogs,angiogenesis inhibitors,inhibitors of mammalian target of rapamycinand cytotoxic agents.At this time,there is little data to guide treatment selection and sequence.We therefore assembled a panel of expert physicians to evaluate systemic treatment choices and provide consensus treatment recommendations.Treatment appropriateness ratings were collected using the RAND/UCLA modified Delphi process.After studying the literature,a multidisciplinary panel of 10 physicians assessed the appropriateness of various medical treatment scenarios on a 1-9 scale.Ratings were done both before and after an extended discussion of the evidence.Quantitative measurements of agreement were made and consensus statements developed from the second round ratings.RESULTS:Specialties represented were medical and surgical oncology,interventional radiology,and gastroenterology.Panelists had practiced for a mean of15.5 years(range:6-33).Among 202 rated scenarios,disagreement decreased from 13.2%(26 scenarios)before the face-to-face discussion of evidence to 1%(2)after.In the final ratings,46.5%(94 scenarios)were rated inappropriate,21.8%(44)were uncertain,and30.7%(62)were appropriate.Consensus statements from the scenarios included:(1)it is appropriate to use somatostatin analogs as first line therapy in patients with hormonally functional tumors and may be appropriate in patients who are asymptomatic;(2)it is appropriate to use everolimus,sunitinib,or cytotoxic chemotherapy therapy as first line therapy in patients with symptomatic or progressive tumors;and(3)beyond first line,these same agents can be used.In patients with uncontrolled secretory symptoms,octreotide LAR doses can be titrated up to 60 mg every4 wk or up to 40 mg every 3 or 4 wk.CONCLUSION:Using the Delphi process allowed physician experts to systematically obtain a consensus on the appropriateness of a variety of medical therapies in patients with PNETs. | Jonathan R Strosberg George A Fisher Al B Benson Lowell B Anthony Bulent Arslan John F Gibbs Edward Greeno Renuka V Iyer Michelle K Kim William J Maples Philip A Philip Edward M Wolin Dasha Cherepanov Michael S Broder | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 2 |
| 7 | Adjuvant imatinib mesylate after resection of localised, primary gastrointestinal stromal tumour: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Ronald P DeMatteo Karla V Ballman Cristina R Antonescu Robert G Maki Peter WT Pisters George D Demetri Martin E Blackstein Charles D Blanke Margaret von Mehren Murray F Brennan Shreyaskumar Patel Martin D McCarter Jonathan A Polikoff Benjamin R Tan Kouros | 2009 | The Lancet2009，，9669： | 2 |
| 8 | Concordance between functional magnetic resonance imaging and introperative language mapping显示文摘 | MAXIMILIAN I R JONATHAN D V SYED H | 1999 | Stereotact Funct Neurosurg1999，72，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Modulation of behavior and NMDA-R1 gene mRNA expression in adult female rats after sub-acute administration of benzo (a) pyrene 显示文摘 | Nathalie G Anne V Jonathan DT | 2007 | Neurotoxicology2007，28，： | 1 |
| 10 | On the use of cross-validation to assess performance in multivariate prediction显示文摘 | Jonathan P Krzanowskly W J Mccarthy W V | 2000 | Statistics and Computing2000，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Chiral separation of nanomole amounts of alprenolol with cITP/NMR 显示文摘 | DIMUTHU J A JONATHAN S V | 2004 | Analytical & Bioanalytical Chemistry2004，378，： | 1 |
| 12 | Characterization and comparison of hydrophilic and hydrophobic room temperature ionic liquids incorporating the imidazolium cation 显示文摘 | Jonathan G H Ann E V Matthew R W | 2001 | Green Chem2001，3，： | 1 |
| 13 | Transnational elites in global cities: British expatriates in Singapore’s financial district显示文摘 | Jonathan V Beaverstock | 2002 | Geoforum2002，，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Constructing con- trollers for physical nmhilegged robots using the ENSO neu- roevolution approach显示文摘 | Vinod K V Jonathan H Rohcrt M c| al | 2012 | Evolutionary Intelligence2012，，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Schatzker classification of tibial plateau fractures: Use of CT and MR imaging improves assessment 显示文摘 | Keegan Markhardt B Jonathan M Gross Johnny U V | 2009 | RSNA2009，29，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Effective hamihonian theory and its applications in quantum information显示文摘 | Daniel F V J Jonathan J | 2000 | Phys2000，48，： | 1 |
| 17 | Early psychological adjustment in breast cancer patients-A prospective study显示文摘 | Chiara N Jonathan V R Timothy C | 2002 | J Psycho Res2002，53，6： | 1 |
| 18 | A 20-kilodalton protein is required for efficient production of the Bacillus thuringiensis subsp,israelensis 27-kilodalton crystal protein in Escherichia coli显示文摘 | ADAMS L F JONATHAN E V WHITELY H R | 1989 | J Bacteriol1989，171，： | 1 |
| 19 | The uses of passive measurement of acoustic emissions from chemical engineering processes显示文摘 | JONATHAN W R BOYD J V | 2001 | Chemical Engineering Science2001，56，： | 1 |
| 20 | Dis- criminant analysis with singular covariance matrices: methods and application to spetroscopic data显示文摘 | Kranowski W J Jonathan P McCarthy W V | 2004 | Appl Statist2004，，44： | 1 |
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