|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | AHA/ASA关于卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作患者卒中预防推荐的更新显示文摘在卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)患者卒中预防推荐发表以后,美国心脏协会和美国卒中协会(American Heart Association/American Stroke Association,AHA/ASA)著述委员会对最近的一些试验结果进行了回顾。本文的目的是对这些新资料做简要回顾、更新某些推荐意见并说明进行这些修改的理由。在2个领域已发表了一些新的重要临床试验结果:(1)在非心源性栓塞所致缺血性卒中或TIA患者卒中二级预防中具体抗血小板药的应用;(2)他汀类药物在预防卒中复发中的应用。 | Robert J. Adams Greg Albers Mark J. Alberts Oscar Benavente Karen Furie Larry B. Goldstein Philip Gorelick Jonathan Halperin Robert Harbaugh S. Claiborne Johnston Irene Katzan Margaret Kelly-Hayes Edgar J. Kenton Michael Marks Ralph L. Sacco Lee H. Schwamm 赵洪芹 李海峰 (译) | 2008 | 国际脑血管病杂志2008，16，4： | 123 |
| 2 | 非英语国家的英语教学中的文化问题显示文摘在国外就英语作为外语教学来说,人们特有两种截然不同的观点。其一,以英语为母语的教师认为,英语教学应当溶入英语国家的社会文化准则和价值观念,旨在培养双语和双重文化的人才。其二,进行英语教学的非英语国家坚持认为,英语教学应当脱离其民族文化背景,使需培养学习者的双语能力,并无必要强调双重文化教育。本文拟从认知、情感和文化数据方面探讨这两种观点, | Margaret Alptekin 杨平 | 1995 | 外语教学理论与实践1995，，1： | 130 |
| 3 | 卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作患者的卒中预防指南美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南显示文摘本更新版指南旨在为缺血性卒中或短暂性脑缺血发作存活者的卒中预防提供全面和及时的循证推荐.本指南适用于所有为上述患者提供二级预防的临床医生.这些循证推荐包括危险因素的控制、血管闭塞的干预、心源性栓塞的抗栓治疗以及非心源性栓塞性卒中的抗血小板治疗.还对各种特殊情况下复发性卒中的预防提供了推荐意见,包括主动脉弓粥样硬化、动脉夹层分离、卵圆孔未闭、高同型半胱氨酸血症、高凝状态、抗心磷脂抗体综合征、镰状细胞病、脑静脉窦血栓形成以及妊娠.此外,还有专门的章节对颅内出血后抗栓和抗凝治疗的应用以及指南的实施进行了讨论. | Walter N.Kernan Bruce Ovbiagele Henry R.Black Dawn M.Bravata Marc I.Chimowitz Michael D.Ezekowitz Margaret C.Fang Marc Fisher Karen L.Furie 洪道俊 黄招君 李小兵 周美鸿 吴成斯 王博 卢艺 吴裕臣 | 2014 | 国际脑血管病杂志2014，22，11： | 585 |
| 4 | TBtools: An Integrative Toolkit Developed for Interactive Analyses of Big Biological Data显示文摘The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing techniques has led biology into the big-data era.Data analyses using various bioinformatics tools rely on programming and command-line environments,which are challenging and time-consuming for most wet-lab biologists.Here,we present TBtools(a Toolkit for Biologists integrating various biological data-handling tools),a stand-alone software with a userfriendly interface.The toolkit incorporates over 130 functions,which are designed to meet the increasing demand for big-data analyses,ranging from bulk sequence processing to interactive data visualization.A wide variety of graphs can be prepared in TBtools using a new plotting engine('JIGplot')developed to maximize their interactive ability;this engine allows quick point-and-click modification of almost every graphic feature.TBtools is platform-independent software that can be run under all operating systems with Java Runtime Environment 1.6 or newer.It is freely available to non-commercial users at http://gffzz188fe103f8f1460as0x6cu6pwkv6n6bw6.ffgz.tsg.suse.edu.cn/CJ-Chen/TBtools/releases. | Chengjie Chen Hao Chen Yi Zhang Hannah R.Thomas Margaret H.Frank Yehua He Rui Xia | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，8： | 805 |
| 5 | Systematic review of novel ablative methods in locally advanced pancreatic cancer显示文摘Unresectable locally advanced pancreatic cancer with or without metastatic disease is associated with a very poor prognosis.Current standard therapy is limited to chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.Few regimens have been shown to have a substantial survival advantage and novel treatment strategies are urgently needed.Thermal and laser based ablative techniques are widely used in many solid organ malignancies.Initial studies in the pancreas were associated with significant morbidity and mortality,which limited widespread adoption.Modifications to the various applications,in particular combining the techniques with high quality imaging such as computed tomography and intraoperative or endoscopic ultrasound has enabled real time treatment monitoring and significant improvements in safety.We conducted a systematic review of the litera-ture up to October 2013.Initial studies suggest that ablative therapies may confer an additional survival benefit over best supportive care but randomised studies are required to validate these findings. | Margaret G Keane Konstantinos Bramis Stephen P Pereira Giuseppe K Fusai | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，9： | 30 |
| 6 | 缺血性卒中的一级预防——美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南 动脉粥样硬化性周围血管病跨学科工作组、心血管护理委员会、临床心脏病学委员会、营养、体力活动和代谢委员会以及医疗质量和转归研究跨学科工作组共同倡导显示文摘背景和目的本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述,并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾(涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据,指明现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前,本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评估。根据干预的可能性(不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预的危险因素包括年龄、性别、出生体重低、人种/种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论有大量证据可以用于确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams Mark J. Alberts Lawrence J. Appel Lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick John R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.V. (Ian) Nixon Ralph L. Sacco 苏克江 高宗恩 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006，14，8： | 28 |
| 7 | Neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer management显示文摘Thirty per cent of all colorectal tumours develop in the rectum.The location of the rectum within the bony pelvis and its proximity to vital structures presents significant therapeutic challenges when considering neoadjuvant options and surgical interventions.Most patients with early rectal cancer can be adequately managed by surgery alone.However,a significant proportion of patients with rectal cancer present with locally advanced disease and will potentially benefit from down staging prior to surgery.Neoadjuvant therapy involves a variety of options including radiotherapy,chemotherapy used alone or in combination.Neoadjuvant radiotherapy in rectal cancer has been shown to be effective in reducing tumour burden in advance of curative surgery.The gold standard surgical rectal cancer management aims to achieve surgical removal of the tumour and all draining lymph nodes,within an intact mesorectal package,in order to minimise local recurrence.It is critically important that all rectal cancer cases are discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting represented by all relevant specialties.Pre-operative staging including CT thorax,abdomen,pelvis to assess for distal disease and magnetic resonance imaging to assess local involvement is essential.Staging radiology and MDT discussion are integral in identifying patients who require neoadjuvant radiotherapy.While Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is potentially beneficial it may also result in morbidity and thus should be reserved for those patients who are at a high risk of local failure,which includes patients with nodal involvement,extramural venous invasion and threatened circumferential margin.The aim of this review is to discuss the role of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in the management of rectal cancer. | Gerard Feeney Rishabh Sehgal Margaret Sheehan Aisling Hogan Mark Regan Myles Joyce Michael Kerin | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，33： | 28 |
| 8 | Epidemiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD): associations with cardiovascular disease phenotypes and lipid factors显示文摘Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in adults over 50 years old.Genetic,epidemiological,and molecular studies are beginning to unravel the intricate mechanisms underlying this complex disease,which implicate the lipid-cholesterol pathway in the pathophysiology of disease development and progression.Many of the genetic and environmental risk factors associated with AMD are also associated with other complex degenerative diseases of advanced age,including cardiovascular disease(CVD).In this review,we present epidemiological findings associating AMD with a variety of lipid pathway genes,cardiovascular phenotypes,and relevant environmental exposures.Despite a number of studies showing significant associations between AMD and these lipid/cardiovascular factors,results have been mixed and as such the relationships among these factors and AMD remain controversial.It is imperative that researchers not only tease out the various contributions of such factors to AMD development but also the connections between AMD and CVD to develop optimal precision medical care for aging adults. | Katie L.Pennington Margaret M.DeAngelis | 2016 | Eye and Vision2016，3，1： | 22 |
| 9 | Approaches to functional genomics in filamentous fungi显示文摘在细丝状的真菌的基因功能的学习是在很最近的年里做了大进展的研究的一个领域。很多转变和基因操作策略被开发了并且适用于经济地重要的细丝状的真菌和 oomycetes 的一张多样、很快膨胀的表。与真菌的染色体的重要数字,定序的现在或被定序的、功能的基因组学答应揭开来年里的很多新信息。这评论讨论在在细丝状的真菌检验基因功能被做了并且描述不同途径的优点和限制的最近的进展。 | Richard J Weld Kim M Plummer Margaret A Carpenter Hayley J Ridgway | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，1： | 19 |
| 10 | The Ozone Component of Global Change:Potential Effects on Agricultural and Horticultural Plant Yield,Product Quality and Interactions with Invasive Species显示文摘The productivity,product quality and competitive ability of important agricultural and horticultural plants in many regions of the world may be adversely affected by current and anticipated concentrations of ground-level ozone(O3).Exposure to elevated O3 typically results in suppressed photosynthesis,accelerated senescence,decreased growth and lower yields.Various approaches used to evaluate O3 effects generally concur that current yield losses range from 5% to 15% among sensitive plants.There is,how-ever,considerable genetic variability in plant responses to O3.To illustrate this,we show that ambient O3 concentrations in the eastern United States cause substantially different levels of damage to otherwise similar snap bean cultivars.Largely undesirable effects of O3 can also occur in seed and fruit chemistry as well as in forage nutritive value,with consequences for animal production.Ozone may alter herbicide efficacy and foster estab-lishment of some invasive species.We conclude that current and projected levels of O3 in many regions worldwide are toxic to sensitive plants of agricultural and horticultural significance.Plant breeding that incorporates O3 sensitivity into selection strategies will be increasingly necessary to achieve sustainable production with changing atmospheric composition,while reductions in O3 precursor emissions will likely benefit world food pro-duction and reduce atmospheric concentrations of an important greenhouse gas. | Fitzgerald Booker Russell Muntifering Margaret McGrath Kent Burkey Dennis Decoteau Edwin Fiscus William Manning Sagar Krupa Arthur Chappelka David Grantz | 2009 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2009，51，4： | 18 |
| 11 | 上海市基本药物可负担性实证研究显示文摘采用世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)和国际健康行动机构(Health Action Internation-al,HAI)发展的标准调查方法[1]对上海市药品价格可负担性进行调查,选择上海市场上销售的41种药品,调查其价格水平。选择了6种常见病,按照WHO标准治疗指南,以2006年上海市人均最低工资线750元(日均25元)为标准计算上海药品治疗费用的消费者可负担性,同时比较了患者使用品牌药与等效仿制药品的费用可负担性。 | 叶露 胡善联 Margaret Ewen Alecandra Cameron Richard Laing | 2008 | 中国卫生资源2008，11，4： | 17 |
| 12 | 保留尿道括约功能的前列腺癌根治术165例报告显示文摘目的 探讨保留尿道括约功能的前列腺癌根治术后病人发生尿失禁的影响因素。 方法 采用尿道外括约肌保留、膀胱颈及前列腺前括约肌 (PPS)保留、勃起神经保留等方法行前列腺根治手术 16 5例。通过调查表和尿垫试验 ,从主观和客观两方面进行随访。 结果 尿道外括约肌保留组尿失禁发生率为 0 .7% ,括约肌修复组为 5 .3% ;按年龄分组 :5 0岁~组拔除导尿管时 ,6 0 %出现尿失禁 ,6 0岁~组拔除导尿管时 ,82 %出现尿失禁。但 3个月以后 ,两组趋于一致。 结论 外科技术和病人年龄是影响根治性前列腺切除术后尿失禁发生的重要因素 ,保留尿道外括约肌及保留尿控制机制可以减少术后尿失禁发生率。年轻病人术后易恢复尿控状态 。 | 白强 王振声 李青 Glenice wilson Margaret McCarthy Keith W Kaye | 2001 | 中华泌尿外科杂志2001，22，8： | 14 |
| 13 | Gone with the Wind显示文摘The sun was now below the horizon and the red glow at the rim of the world faded into pink.The sky above turned slowly from azure1 to the delicate2 blue-green of a robin's egg3,and the unearthly4 stillness of rural twilight5 came stealthily6 down about her. | Margaret Mitchell 范海祥 | 2007 | 山东师范大学外国语学院学报(基础英语教育)2007，9，5： | 13 |
| 14 | Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) and related fluorochemicals in chicken egg in China显示文摘The ubiquitous occurrence of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs) in environmental samples has drawn much attention.Recent human exposure studies found relatively high perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) concentrations in blood samples from several cities in China when compared with other countries.The objectives of the present study were:(1) to measure PFC concentrations and compositions in chicken egg samples from local markets in China;and(2) to conduct a preliminary human health risk assessment of egg consumption.Eight pooled egg samples from eight locations were analyzed for 11 PFCs.The results showed that close to 100% of the PFOS in the egg was distributed in egg yolk and PFOS was not detected in egg white(<0.08 ng/g wet weight,w/w).Of the perfluoroalkylsulfonates,only PFOS was detected in all egg samples,while of the perfluoroalkylcarboxylates,perfluoroundecanoic acid(PFUnDA) was detected in all samples,followed by perfluorooctanoate(PFOA)(75% occurrence) and perfluorodecanoic acid(PFDA)(50% occurrence).PFOS concentrations in egg ranged from 45.0 to 86.9 ng/g w/w.The results suggested that current concentrations of PFOS in domestic chicken eggs are unlikely to cause immediate harm to Chinese populations. | WANG Yuan YEUNG Leo Wai Yin YAMASHITA Nobuyoshi TANIYASU Sachi SO Man Ka Margaret B. MURPHY LAM Paul Kwan Sing | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，4： | 13 |
| 15 | The metabolome of induced pluripotent stem cells reveals metabolic changes occurring in somatic cell reprogramming显示文摘新陈代谢对房间功能的每个方面重要,然而,导致的 pluripotent 干细胞(iPSCs ) 的 metabolome 仍然保持大部分未经勘探。这里,我们报导,用一条 untargeted metabolomics 途径,那人的 iPSCs 份额有从他们的父母房间是不同的胚胎的干细胞(转换字符) 的 pluripotent metabolomic 签名,并且那被变化在涉及细胞的呼吸的代谢物描绘。细胞的 bioenergetics 的检查与我们的 metabolomic 分析支持了,并且证明体的房间在 pluripotency 从一个氧化状态变换成一个 glycolytic 状态。有趣地,各种各样的体的房间的 bioenergetics 与他们的 reprogramming 效率相关。我们进一步识别了在 iPSCs 和转换字符之间不同的代谢物,它揭示了在调整体的房间 reprogramming 起一个关键作用的新奇新陈代谢的小径。我们的调查结果是第一全球性分析 iPSCs 的 metabolome,并且提供机械学的卓见进涉及导致 pluripotency,并且在评估 iPSC 和转换字符等价的规定的新层。 | Athanasia D Panopoulos Oscar Yanes Sergio Ruiz Yasuyuki S Kida Dinh Diep Ralf Tautenhahn Aida Herrerias Erika M Batchelder Nongluk Plongthongkum Margaret Lutz W Travis Berggren Kun Zhang Ronald M Evans Gary Siuzdak Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte] | 2012 | Cell Research2012，22，1： | 12 |
| 16 | 精索静脉曲张病人双侧睾丸组织学研究和减数分裂分析显示文摘50例男性在进行精索静脉曲张结扎手术时作双侧睾丸活俭。活检组织用Johnscn得分法作组织学研究,另分一部分作减数分裂分析。所有病人术后都进行随访,,平均随访时间为19.3月,并追踪他们配偶的怀孕情况。研究表明,精索静脉曲张没有特异的组织学或减数分裂异常,也没有证据表明曲张侧睾丸病变比对侧更严重。13例妻子怀孕,这些病例至少有一侧睾丸Jobnsen得分大于7.0,我们认为采用双侧睾丸活检可预测精索静脉曲张手术的效果。 | 王益鑫 Chandley Ann C Macintyre Margaret Hargreave Timothy B | 1991 | 男性学杂志1991，5，1： | 12 |
| 17 | 鸡蛋中全氟辛烷磺酸以及相关全氟化合物的污染现状显示文摘目前环境中全氟有机化合物(PFCs)的污染引起了人们的广泛关注.近期的研究发现,中国人血中全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)的浓度明显高于其他国家.本研究的目的是:(1)检测中国市场鸡蛋中PFCs的浓度和组成;(2)对人类健康进行初步的风险评价.采集于中国8个地区的鸡蛋样品用来检测11个全氟有机化合物.结果显示蛋黄几乎100%含有PFOS,而蛋白里未检测到(<0.08ng/g(湿重)).在全氟烷基磺酸盐(perfluoroalkylsulfonates)中,只有PFOS在所有鸡蛋中被检测出.而在全氟烷基羧酸(perfluoroalkycarboxylates)中,全氟十一酸(perfluoroundecanoic acid,PFUnDA)在所有鸡蛋中被检测出,全氟辛酸(perfluorooctanoicacid,PFOA)和全氟癸酸(perfluorodecanoic acid,PFDA)分别在75%和50%的鸡蛋样品中被检测出.鸡蛋中PFOS的浓度范围是45.0~86.9ng/g(湿重).风险评价结果显示,目前中国鸡蛋中PFOS的浓度不会对人类产生即时危害。 | 王媛 杨伟贤 山下信义 谷保佐知 苏敏嘉 Margaret B.Murphy 林群声 | 2008 | 科学通报2008，53，2： | 11 |
| 18 | Pro12Ala polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 in patients with fatty liver diseases显示文摘AIM:To test the occurrence of the Pro12Ala mutation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ)2-gene in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD).METHODS:DNA from a total of 622 specimens including 259 blood samples of healthy blood donors and 363 histologically categorized liver biopsies of patients with NAFLD (n=263) and AFLD (n=100) were analyzed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction using allele-specific probes.RESULTS:In the NAFLD and the AFLD collective,3% of the patients showed homozygous occurrence of the Ala12 PPARγ2-allele,differing from only 1.5% cases in the healthy population.In NAFLD patients,a high incidence of the Ala12 mutant was not associated with the progression of fatty liver disease.However,we observed a significantly higher risk (odds ratio=2.50,CI:1.05-5.90,P=0.028) in AFLD patients carrying the mutated Ala12 allele to develop inflammatory alterations.The linkage of the malfunctioning Ala12-positive PPARγ2 isoform to an increased risk in patients with AFLD to develop severe steatohepatitis and fibrosis indicates a more prominent anti-inflammatory impact of PPARγ2 in progression of AFLD than of NAFLD.CONCLUSION:In AFLD patients,the Pro12Ala single nuclear polymorphism should be studied more extensively in order to serve as a novel candidate in biomarker screening for improved prognosis. | Johannes W Rey Andrea Noetel Aline Hardt Ali Canbay Hakan Alakus Axel zur Hausen Hans Peter Dienes Uta Drebber Margarete Odenthal | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，46： | 11 |
| 19 | 布渣叶黄酮类成分的分离与鉴定显示文摘 | 罗集鹏 杨世林 Margaret F Roberts Phillipson JD | 1993 | 中草药1993，24，9： | 11 |
| 20 | 涎腺原发恶性肌上皮瘤19例的病理诊断分析显示文摘目的 探讨涎腺多结节形态原发恶性肌上皮瘤的病理特征。方法 光镜观察19例涎腺多结节形态原发恶性肌上皮瘤的组织学、细胞学结构,其中11例做Calponin、平滑肌肌动蛋白(SMA)、S-100、神经胶质酸性蛋白(GFAP)、细胞角蛋白、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)的免疫组化检测,3例做超微结构观察。结果 肿瘤上皮巢呈多结节生长,中央常伴坏死,肿瘤侵袭周围组织,细胞有异形,肿瘤细胞主要为上皮样细胞型,有较多肿瘤性基质形成。肌上皮性标记及部分细胞角蛋白、PCNA标记阳性。电镜下见肿瘤细胞内有肌微丝。结论 免疫组化染色及超微结构观察均支持肿瘤为肌上皮来源及恶性特征。 | 李江 田臻 Margaret Brandwein-Gensler 潘红芽 李蕾 刘瑷如 | 2004 | 中华口腔医学杂志2004，39，4： | 10 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员