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| 1 | Acute-on-chronic liver failure in a multi-ethnic Asian city:A comparison of patients identified by Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver and European Association for the Study of the Liver definitions显示文摘AIM To explore the applicability of the Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver(APASL) and European Association for the Study of the Liver(EASL) guidelines for acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF) in profiling patients and determining the outcome.METHODS Patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Singapore with acute decompensation of liver disease from January 2004to July 2014 are screened for ACLF according to the APASL and EASL criteria. The patients' data(including basic demographics, information about existing chronic liver disease, information about the acute decompensation, relevant laboratory values during admission, treatment, and outcome) are retrospectively analyzed to determine the background, precipitating factors and outcome.RESULTS A total of 458 liver patients is analyzed, and 78 patients with ACLF are identified. Sixty-three patients(80.8%) meet the APASL criteria, 64 patients(82.1%) meet the EASL criteria, and 49 patients(62.8%) fulfilled both criteria. The most common causes of acute liver injury are bacterial infections(59.0%), hepatitis B flare(29.5%), and variceal bleeding(24.4%). The common aetiologies of the underlying chronic disease included hepatitis B(43.6%), alcoholic(20.5%) and cryptogenic(11.5%) liver disease. The overall mortality rate is 61.5%. Increased age, the number of organ failures(as per CLIF-SOFA score), peak creatinine, INR, and amylase levels are associated with increased mortality or the need for liver transplantation. 14.3% of patients undergo liver transplantation with a 100% 1-year survival rate. CONCLUSION Both APASL and EASL criteria have identified ACLF patients with high three-month mortality, but those who fulfill APASL criteria alone have a better survival. | Anandraj Selva Rajoo Seng-Gee Lim Wah Wah Phyo Thandar Tun Yock-Young Dan Yin-Mei Lee How-Cheng Low Kieron Lim Poh-Seng Tan Guan-Huei Lee | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，28： | 10 |
| 2 | Generalizedgradient approximation made simple显示文摘 | JOHN P P KIERON B MATTHIAS E | 1996 | Phys Rev Lett1996，77，18： | 1 |
| 3 | Reconceptualising the ' Policy Mix' for Innovation显示文摘 | Flanagan Kieron Elvim Uyarra | 2011 | Research Policy2011，40，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Myeloma renal disease: presentation and outcome 显示文摘 | Doris T Kathrine G Kieron D | 2006 | Nephron C|in Pract2006，10，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Myelomarenal-disease:presentationandouteom显示文摘 | DorisT Kathrine Craig Kieron Donovan | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Structural Basis for the Interaction of TAK1 Kinase with its Activating Protein TABI 显示文摘 | Kieron B Sarah C Vial M | 2005 | J Mol Biol2005，354，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Defining bioavailability and bioaccessibility of contaminated soil and sediment is complicated显示文摘 | KIRK T S KIERON J D KEVIN C J | 2004 | Environ Sci Technol2004，38，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple 显示文摘 | John P Perdew Kieron Burke Matthias Ernzerhof | 1996 | Phys Rev Lett1996，77，： | 1 |
| 9 | An ELISA for the detection of type Ⅳ collagen in human urine: application to patients with glomerular nephritis 显示文摘 | Kieron LD Gerald AC John DW | 1994 | Kidney Int1994，46，： | 1 |
| 10 | Network density and R&D spillovers显示文摘 | Kieron Meagher Mark Rogers | 2004 | Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization2004，53，1： | 1 |
| 11 | An analysis of the efficacy and safety of a strategy of early precut for biliary access during difficult endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in a general hospital显示文摘 | Tiing LeongANG Andrew Boon EuKWEK Kieron Boon LengLIM Eng KiongTEO Kwong MingFOCK | 2010 | Journal of Digestive Diseases2010，，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Policies for science, technology and innovation: Translating rationales into re- gional policies in a multi - level setting 显示文摘 | Manuel L Elvira U Kieron F | 2008 | Research Policy2008，37，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Network Density and R&D Spillovers 显示文摘 | Kieron Meagher Mark Rogers | 2004 | Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization2004，53，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Network density and R&D spillovers 显示文摘 | Meagher Kieron Rogers Mark | 2004 | Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization2004，53，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Two-part tariffs in the online gaming industry: The role of creative destruction and network externali?ties显示文摘 | Kieron M Teo E G S | 2005 | Information Economics and Policy2005，17，： | 1 |
| 16 | Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple 显示文摘 | Perdew John P Burke Kieron Emzerhof Matthias | 1996 | Physical Re- view Letters1996，77，18： | 1 |
| 17 | Generalized Gradient Approximation Made Simple显示文摘 | John P Perdew Kieron Burke Matthias Ernzerhof | 1996 | Physics Review Letter1996，77，18： | 1 |
| 18 | Network density and R&D spillovers显示文摘 | KIERON MEAGHER MARK ROGERS | 2004 | Journal of Economic Behavior Organization2004，53，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Understanding the Innovation Impacts of Public Procurement 显示文摘 | Elvira U Kieron F | 2010 | European Planning Studies2010，18，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Policies for science, technology and innovation: Translating rationales into regional policies in a multi-level setting显示文摘 | Manuel Laranja Elvira Uyarra Kieron Flanagan | 2008 | Research Policy2008，，5： | 1 |
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