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| 1 | Cancer and age related colonic crypt deficiencies in cytochrome c oxidase Ⅰ显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether defi ciency of expressionof cytochrome c oxidase I (CcOI) in colonic crypts is associated with colon cancer.METHODS: The pattern and level of expression of CcOI in non-neoplastic colonic crypts,and in dysplastic tissues,was assessed using standard immunohis-tochemical methods.Biopsies were obtained from individuals undergoing colonoscopies for screening purposes or for a medically indicated reason.Tissue samples were also obtained from surgical colonic resections.Samples from resections were taken from colonic mucosa 1 and 10 cm from tumors and from the tumors themselves.Samples were evaluated for frequency of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI.In most crypts the loss was apparent throughout the entire crypt,while in a small minority the loss was segmental.The strong immunoreactivity using this monoclonal antibody makes the scoring unambiguous.The percent of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI or (infrequent) segmented loss of expression was then calculated.Data analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 17.0.RESULTS: The average frequency of CcOI deficient crypts (CcOI-DC) is low in individuals between 20 and 39 years of age,with 0.48% ± 0.40% CcOI-DC for women and 1.80% ± 0.35% for men.CcOI-DC increases after age 40 years,so that between the ages of 40 and 44 years the average frequency of CcOI- DC goes up to 5.89% ± 0.84% in women and 2.15% ± 1.27% in men.By 80-84 years of age,the average frequency of CcOI-DC goes up in women to 15.77% ± 0.97% and in men to 22.6% ± 0.65%.The increases in CcOI-DC from ages 40-44 years compared to 80-84 years in women and men are significantly different with P < 0.01.For women over age 60 years,deficiency of CcOI expression is greater in those women who have had a cancer in their colon.The frequency of CcOI-DC,measured in men,increased in tissues adjacent to colon cancer,being 4.03% ± 0.27% in individuals free of neoplasia in the age range 55-64 yearsand 14.13% ± 0.35% in resected histologically normal tissue of men with cancer in the same age range,P < 0.001.Similar signifi cant differences were noted in older age ranges.The frequency of CcOI-DC crypts in the cecum and sigmoid colon of an individual are signifi cantly correlated,with an R2 = 0.414 for women and R2 = 0.528 for men,P < 0.001.This suggests that the factors determining the level of CcOI deficiency act throughout the colon.Most defective crypts are in clusters of two or more,a likely consequence of crypt fission.In the non-neoplastic margins of cancers,crypts are frequently defi cient for CcOI,and such crypts may appear in large clusters,some containing more than 100 defi cient crypts.CcOI defi ciency is also apparent in colon cancers and sometimes involves a large section of the tumor.Overall,CcOI deficient cells can be visualized in segments of crypts,in whole crypts that increase in frequency with age,in crypts undergoing f ission,in clusters of crypts where the clusters increase in size with age,in increased frequency near tumors,in large clusters in the intimate margins of tumors,and in the tumors themselves.There is no clear dividing line between early stages that can be considered aspects of aging and later stages that can be considered aspects of the progression to cancer.This ambiguity may re ect a rather general situation leading to adult cancer where the early stages of cellular change appear to be relatively innocuous features of the aging process but over decades may evolve into malignancy.CONCLUSION: CcOI defi cient crypts increase in frequency with age,and clusters of defi cient crypts are associated with,and may give rise to,colon cancer. | Carol Bernstein Alexander Facista Huy Nguyen Beryl Zaitlin Nadia Hassounah Cristy Loustaunau Claire Margaret Payne Bhaskar Banerjee Steve Goldschmid V Liana Tsikitis Robert Krouse Harris Bernstein | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，12： | 5 |
| 2 | Surgical management of malignant bowel obstruction显示文摘 | Robert S Krouse | 2004 | Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America2004，，3： | 3 |
| 3 | Products and distinguishing criteria of bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduction显示文摘 | Machel H G Krouse H R Sassen R | 1995 | Applied Geochemistry1995，10，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Products and distinguishing criteria of bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduction显示文摘 | KROUSE H R SASSEN R | 1995 | Appl Geochem1995，10，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Strategies for improving fermentation medium performance显示文摘 | KROUSE D | 1999 | J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol1999，22，： | 1 |
| 6 | Quality of life out comes in 599 cancer and non-cancer patients with colostomies显示文摘 | Krouse R Grant M Ferrell B | 2007 | J Surg Res2007，138，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Isotopic abundances of water of crystallization of gypsum from the Miocene evaporite formation, Carpathian Foredeep, Poland 显示文摘 | HALAS S KROUSE H R | 1982 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta1982，46，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Chemical and isotopic evidence of thermochemical sulphate reduction bylight hy drocarbon gases in deep carbonate reservoirs显示文摘 | Krouse H R0 Viau C A Eliuk L S | 1988 | Nature1988，333，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Chemical and isotopic evidence of thermochemical sulphate reduction by light hydrocarbon gases in deep carbonate reservoirs 显示文摘 | Krouse H R Viau C A Eliuk L S | 1988 | Nature1988，333，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Coping and acceptance: the greatest challenge for veterans with intestinal stomas 显示文摘 | Krouse RS Grant M Rawl SM | 2009 | J Psychosom Res2009，66，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Strategies for improving fermentation medium performance: a review显示文摘 | Kennedy M Krouse D | 1999 | Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology1999，23，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Products and distinguishing criteria of bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduction 显示文摘 | Machel H G Krouse H R Sassen R | 1995 | Applied Geochemistry1995，10，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Development of a staging system for inverted papilloma显示文摘 | Krouse JH | 2010 | Laryngoscope2010，34，10： | 1 |
| 14 | Products and distingu-ishing criteria of bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduc-tion 显示文摘 | Machel H G Krouse H R Sassen R | 1995 | Applied geochemistry1995，10，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Products and distinguishing criteria of bacterial and thermochemical sulfate reduction显示文摘 | Machel H G Krouse H R Sassen R | 1995 | Applied geochemistry1995，10，4： | 1 |
| 16 | A new extraction method for determining 2-thiobarbituric acid values of pork and beef during storage显示文摘 | WITTE V C KROUSE G F BAILEY M E | 1970 | J food Science1970，35，： | 1 |
| 17 | Surgical management of malignant bowel obstruction 显示文摘 | Krouse RS | 2004 | Surg Oncol Clin N Am2004，13，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Development of papilloma显示文摘 | Krouse JH | 2000 | Laryngoscope a staging system for inverted2000，110，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Products and Distinguishing Criteria of Bacterial and Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction显示文摘 | Machel H G Krouse H R Sassen R | 1995 | Applied Geochemistry1995，10，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Endoscopic treatment of inverted papilloma: safety and efficacy 显示文摘 | Krouse JH | 2001 | Am J Otolaryngo12001，22，2： | 1 |
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