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| 1 | A novel integrated step-feed biofilm process for the treatment of decentralized domestic wastewater in rural areas of China显示文摘For wastewater treatment in rural areas, a novel three-stage step-feed wastewater treatment system, combined with a drop-aeration biofilm process, was tested in the laboratory to investigate its performance in removing suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP). The removal rates of SS, COD and NH4+-N were 90%, 80%, and 90% in efluent concentrations less than 10 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 8 mg/L, respectively. The TP removal rate was less satisfactory. The C/N ratio in the raw wastewater was often less than 3.5, and the removal efficiency of TN was therefore limited. A carbon-release batch experiment was carried out to measure the feasibility of enhancing denitrification at low influent C/N ratios. The result showed that the C/N could be over 9.0 in the supernatant. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technology was used to reveal the changes in the bacterial community during different stages of the integrated step-feed biofilm process. The results showed that banding patterns and the distribution of dominant bands for the same experimental period in different aerobic zones were similar. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that lanes 10, 11 and 12, which presented three aerobic zones at the same operation period, had the closest phylogenetic relationship among the lanes. | Hanwen Liang, Min Gao, Junxin Liu, Yuansong Wei, Xuesong Guo Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China. | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，3： | 28 |
| 2 | Characteristics of greenhouse gas emission in three full-scale wastewater treatment processes显示文摘Three full-scale wastewater treatment processes, Orbal oxidation ditch, anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic(reversed A2O) and anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic(A2O), were selected to investigate the emission characteristics of greenhouse gases(GHG), including carbon dioxide(CO2), methane(CH4) and nitrous oxide(N2O). Results showed that although the processes were different, the units presenting high GHG emission fluxes were remarkably similar, namely the highest CO2 and N2O emission fluxes occurred in the aerobic areas, and the highest CH4 emission fluxes occurred in the grit tanks. The GHG emission amount of each unit can be calculated from its area and GHG emission flux. The calculation results revealed that the maximum emission amounts of CO2, CH4 and N2O in the three wastewater treatment processes appeared in the aerobic areas in all cases. Theoretically, CH4 should be produced in anaerobic conditions, rather than aerobic conditions. However, results in this study showed that the CH4 emission fluxes in the forepart of the aerobic area were distinctly higher than in the anaerobic area. The situation for N2O was similar to that of CH4: the N2O emission flux in the aerobic area was also higher than that in the anoxic area. Through analysis of the GHG mass balance, it was found that the flow of dissolved GHG in the wastewater treatment processes and aerators may be the main reason for this phenomenon. Based on the monitoring and calculation results, GHG emission factors for the three wastewater treatment processes were determined. The A2O process had the highest CO2 emission factor of 319.3 g CO2/kg CODremoved, and the highest CH4 and N2O emission factors of 3.3 g CH4/kg CODremovedand 3.6 g N2O/kg TNremovedwere observed in the Orbal oxidation ditch process. | Xu Yan Lin Li Junxin Liu | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Biodegradation of malathion by Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19 and optimization of cometabolism substrates显示文摘To enhance the removal effciency of malathion in the wastewater from organophosphate pesticide mill,a bacterium,Acinetobacter johnsonii MA19,that could degrade malathion with cometabolism was isolated from malathion-polluted soil samples using enrichment culture techniques. Four kinds of additional compounds,sodium succinate,sodium acetate,glucose,and fructose were tested to choose a favorite carbon source for the cometabolism of strain MA19. The results showed that sodium succinate and sodium acetate could promote malathion biodegradation and cell growth. The investigation results of the effects of sodium succinate concentrations on the malathion biodegradation indicated that the more sodium succinate supplied resulted in quick degradation of malathion and fast cells multiplied. Zero-order kinetic model was appropriate to describe the malathion biodegradation when the concentration of sodium succinate was more than 0.5144 g/L. The degradation rate constant(K) reached the maximum value of 3.5837 mg/(L·h) when the mass ratio of sodium succinate to malathion was 128.6 mg/mg. The aquatic toxicity of the malathion was evaluated using the test organism,Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. The data obtained suggested that the toxicity of malathion could be ignored after 84 h biodegradation. Our result demonstrates the potential for using bacterium A. johnsonii MA19 for malathion biodegradation and environmental bioremediation when some suitable conventional carbon sources are supplied. | XIE Shan LIU Junxin LI Lin QIAO Chuanling | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，1： | 16 |
| 4 | Decentralized wastewater treatment technologies and management in Chinese villages显示文摘在中国在农村区域对待污水的问题在最近的年里吸引了增加的注意。然而,仅仅,有的 6% 农村区域在 2010 底喷洒排水和废水处理系统。估计当前使用的技术是必要的以便在农村区域的污水处理能适当地被开发,到提供可靠、买得起的废水处理,在这些区域。我们评估了在各一直在操作至少一年了的 62 台设备上进行案例研究当前在农村区域使用的污水处理技术。我们的学习在 2009 和 2011 之间被执行,并且目的是在那经期期间估计状况并且估计在村庄里涉及分散的污水治疗的任何问题。我们发现那个分散的污水处理是村庄里的最流行的废水处理方法,并且最普通的主要处理技术在农村区域使用了,这是化粪池。我们的调查加亮需要为估计自河质量建立标准,包括目标污染物质的一个范围。我们的结果也证明自河应该被再使用在不同区域满足本地环境要求,特别在生态地敏感的区域。 | Xuesong GUO Zehang LIU Meixue CHEN Junxin LIU Min YANG | 2014 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2014，8，6： | 13 |
| 5 | An innovative integrated system utilizing solar energy as power for the treatment of decentralized wastewater显示文摘This article reports an innovative integrated system utilizing solar energy as power for decentralized wastewater treatment, which consists of an oxidation ditch with double channels and a photovoltaic (PV) system without a storage battery. Because the system operates without a storage battery, which can reduce the cost of the PV system, the solar radiation intensity affects the amount of power output from the PV system. To ensure that the power output is sufficient in all different weather conditions, the solar radiation intensity of 78 W/m 2 with 95% confidence interval was defined as a threshold of power output for the PV system according to the monitoring results in this study, and a step power output mode was used to utilize the solar energy as well as possible. The oxidation ditch driven by the PV system without storage battery ran during the day and stopped at night. Therefore, anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic conditions could periodically appear in the oxidation ditch, which was favorable to nitrogen and phosphate removal from the wastewater. The experimental results showed that the system was efficient, achieving average removal efficiencies of 88% COD, 98% NH 4 + -N, 70% TN and 83% TP, under the loading rates of 140 mg COD/(g MLSS·day), 32 mg NH 4 + -N/(g MLSS·day), 44 mg TN/(g MLSS·day) and 5 mg TP/(g MLSS·day). | Changfu Han Junxin Liu Hanwen Liang Xuesong Guo Lin Li | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，2： | 12 |
| 6 | Characterization and source analysis of indoor/outdoor culturable airborne bacteria in a municipal wastewater treatment plant显示文摘The potential health risks of airborne bacteria emission from a wastewater treatment process have been concerned. However, few studies have investigated the differences in community structure between indoor and outdoor bacteria. In this work, the characterization of airborne bacteria was studied in a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China. Two indoor(i.e., fine screen room and sludge dewatering house) and two outdoor(i.e., aeration tank and control site) sampling sites were selected. An Andersen six-stage impactor was used for collecting culturable airborne bacteria in the air, and Illumina MiSeq sequencing was conducted to track the emission source of the culturable airborne bacteria. The results indicate that, compared with the outdoor aeration tank site, the concentrations of culturable airborne bacteria in the indoor fine screen room with poor ventilation were more than ten times higher and the particle size was about twice as large. The community structures of indoor and outdoor culturable airborne bacteria were obviously different. Enterobacteriaceae and opportunistic pathogens were detected in indoor culturable airborne bacteria, with wastewater and sludge dewatering machine identified as the primary sources. Conversely,Enterobacteriaceae and opportunistic pathogens were not detected in outdoor culturable airborne bacteria. Outdoor high wind speed might have resulted in rapid dilution and mixing of culturable airborne bacteria generated from the aeration tank with the ambient air. The results of the present research suggest that covering pollution sources, increasing ventilation rates, and using protective measures for personnel should be implemented to decrease the exposure risk to indoor culturable airborne bacteria. | Guangsu Xu Yunping Han Lin Li Junxin Liu | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，12： | 12 |
| 7 | Rapid detection of multiple class pharmaceuticals in both municipal wastewater and sludge with ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry显示文摘This work described the development,optimization and validation of an analytical method for rapid detection of multiple-class pharmaceuticals in both municipal wastewater and sludge samples based on ultrasonic solvent extraction,solid-phase extraction,and ultra high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry quantification.The results indicated that the developed method could effectively extract all the target pharmaceuticals(25)in a single process and analyze them within 24 min.The recoveries of the target pharmaceuticals were in the range of 69%–131%for wastewater and 54%–130%for sludge at different spiked concentration levels.The method quantification limits in wastewater and sludge ranged from 0.02 to 0.73 ng/L and from 0.02 to 1.00μg/kg,respectively.Subsequently,this method was validated and applied for residual pharmaceutical analysis in a wastewater treatment plant located in Beijing,China.All the target pharmaceuticals were detected in the influent samples with concentrations varying from0.09 ng/L(tiamulin)to 15.24μg/L(caffeine);meanwhile,up to 23 pharmaceuticals were detected in sludge samples with concentrations varying from 60 ng/kg(sulfamethizole)to8.55 mg/kg(ofloxacin).The developed method demonstrated its selectivity,sensitivity,and reliability for detecting multiple-class pharmaceuticals in complex matrices such as municipal wastewater and sludge. | Xiangjuan Yuan Zhimin Qiang Weiwei Ben Bing Zhu Junxin Liu | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，9： | 12 |
| 8 | Characterization of the airborne bacteria community at different distances from the rotating brushes in a wastewater treatment plant by 16S rRNA gene clone libraries显示文摘Biological risks of bioaerosols emitted from wastewater treatment processes have attracted wide attention in the recent years. However, the culture-based analysis method has been mostly adopted for detecting the bacterial community in bioaerosols, which may result in the underestimation of total microorganism concentration as not all microorganisms are cultivable. In this study, oligonucleotide fingerprinting of 16S rRNA genes was applied to reveal the composition and structure of the bacterial community in bioaerosols from an Orbal oxidation ditch in a Beijing wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Bioaerosols were collected at different distances from the aerosol source, rotating brushes, and the sampling height was 1.5 m which is the common respiratory height of a human being. The bacterial communities of bioaerosols were diverse, and the lowest bacterial diversity was found at the sampling site just after the rotating brush rotating brush. A large proportion of bacteria in bioaerosols were affiliated with Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Numerous bacteria present in the bioaerosols also emerged in water, indicating that the bacterial community in the bioaerosols was related to that of the aerosols' sources. The forced aeration of rotating brushes brought about observably distinct bacterial communities between sampling sites situated before and after the rotating brush. Isolation sources of closest relatives in bioaerosols clone libraries were associated with the aqueous environment in the WWTP. Common potential pathogens in bioaerosols as well as those not reported in previous research were also analyzed in this study. Measures should be adopted to reduce the emission of bioaerosols and prevent their exposure to workers. | Yunping Han Lin Li Junxin Liu | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，1： | 12 |
| 9 | Effect of sludge retention time on sludge characteristics and membrane fouling of membrane bioreactor显示文摘Three identical membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were operated over 2 years at different sludge retention time (SRT) of 10 d, 40 d and no sludge withdrawal (NS), to elucidate and quantify the effect of SRT on the sludge characteristics and membrane fouling. The hydraulic retention times of these MBRs were controlled at 12 h. With increasing SRT, the sludge concentrations in the MBRs increased, whereas the ratio of volatile suspended solid to the total solid decreased, and the size of sludge granule diminished in the meantime. A higher sludge concentration at long SRT could maintain a better organic removal effciency, and a longer SRT was propitious to the growth of nitrifiers. The performance of these MBRs for the removal of COD and NH4+-N did not change much with different SRTs. However, the bioactivity decreased as SRT increase. The measurement of specific oxygen uptake rates (SOUR) and fiuorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes testified that SOUR and the proportion of the bacteria-specific probe EUB338 in all DAPI-stainable bacteria decreased with increasing SRT. The concentrations of total organic carbon, protein, polysaccharides and soluble extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the mixed liquor supernatant also decreased with increasing SRT. The membrane fouling rate was higher at shorter SRT, and the highest fouling rate appeared at a SRT of 10 d. Both the sludge cake layer and gel layer had contribution to the fouling resistance, but the relative contribution of the gel layer decreased as SRT increase. | OUYANG Ke LIU Junxin | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，10： | 10 |
| 10 | Removal of airborne microorganisms emitted from a wastewater treatment oxidation ditch by adsorption on activated carbon显示文摘Bioaerosol emissions from wastewater and wastewater treatment processes are a significant subgroup of atmospheric aerosols. Most previous work has focused on the evaluation of their biological risks. In this study, however, the adsorption method was applied to reduce airborne microorganisms generated from a pilot scale wastewater treatment facility with oxidation ditch. Results showed adsorption on granule activated carbon (GAC) was an efficient method for the purification of airborne microorganisms. The GAC itself had a maximum adsorption capacity of 2217 CFU/g for airborne bacteria and 225 CFU/g for fungi with a flow rate of 1.50 m 3 /hr. Over 85% of airborne bacteria and fungi emitted from the oxidation ditch were adsorbed within 80 hr of continuous operation mode. Most of them had a particle size of 0.65-4.7 μm. Those airborne microorganisms with small particle size were apt to be adsorbed. The SEM/EDAX, BET and Boehm's titration methods were applied to analyse the physicochemical characteristics of the GAC. Relationships between GAC surface characteristics and its adsorption performance demonstrated that porous structure, large surface area, and hydrophobicity rendered GAC an effective absorber of airborne microorganisms. Two regenerate methods, ultraviolet irradiation and high pressure vapor, were compared for the regeneration of used activated carbon. High pressure vapor was an effective technique as it totally destroyed the microorganisms adhered to the activated carbon. Microscopic observation was also carried out to investigate original and used adsorbents. | Lin Li Min Gao Junxin Liu Xuesong Guo | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，5： | 10 |
| 11 | Sulfur dioxide and o-xylene co-treatment in biofilter:Performance, bacterial populations and bioaerosols emissions显示文摘Sulfur dioxide(SO_2) and benzene homologs are frequently present in the off-gas during the process of sewage sludge drying. A laboratory scale biofilter was set up to co-treat SO_2 and o-xylene in the present study. SO_2 and o-xylene could be removed simultaneously in a single biofilter. Their concentration ratio in the inlet stream influenced the removal efficiencies. It is worth noting that the removal of SO_2 could be enhanced when low concentrations of o-xylene were introduced into the biofilter. Pseudomonas sp., Paenibacillus sp., and Bacillus sp. were the main functional bacteria groups in the biofilter. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria(SOB) and o-xylene-degrading bacteria(XB) thrived in the biofilter and their counts as well as their growth rate increased with the increase in amount of SO_2 and o-xylene supplied. The microbial populations differed in counts and species due to the properties and components of the compounds being treated in the biofilter. The presence of mixed substrates enhanced the diversity of the microbial population. During the treatment process, bioaerosols including potentially pathogenic bacteria, e.g., Acinetobacter lwoffii and Aeromonas sp., were emitted from the biofilter. Further investigation is needed to focus on the potential hazards caused by the bioaerosols emitted from waste gas treatment bioreactors. | Yongli Sun Song Xue Lin Li Wenjie Ding Junxin Liu Yunping Han | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，7： | 7 |
| 12 | Occurrence and removal of organic micropollutants in the treatment of landfill leachate by combined anaerobic-membrane bioreactor technology显示文摘Organic micropollutants,with high toxicity and environmental concern,are present in the landfill leachate at much lower levels than total organic constituents (chemical oxygen demand (COD),biochemical oxygen demand (BOD),or total organic carbon (TOC)),and few has been known for their behaviors in different treatment processes.In this study,occurrence and removal of 17 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs),16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs),and technical 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in landfill leachate in a combined anaerobic-membrane bioreactor (MBR) were investigated.Chemical analyses were performed in leachates sampled from different treatment processes,using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography with electron capture detector and mass spectrometry.Concentrations of OCPs,PAHs,and 4-NP in the raw leachate were detected within the range from ND (not detected) to 595.2 ng/L,which were as low as only 10-7-10-5 percentage of TOC (at the concentration of 2,962 mg/L).The removal of 4-NP was mainly established in the MBR process,in agreement with removals of COD,BOD,and TOC.However,the removals of OCPs and PAHs were different,mainly achieved in the anaerobic process.High removal effciencies of both total organic constituents and organic micropollutants could be achieved by the combined anaerobic-MBR technology.The removal effciencies of total organic constituents were in the order of BOD (99%) > COD (89%) > TOC (87%),whereas the removal effciencies of investigated organic micropollutants were as follows: OCPs (94%) > 4-NP (77%) > PAHs (59%). | Yiping XU Zijian WANG | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，11： | 7 |
| 13 | Investigation on mechanism of phosphate removal on carbonized sludge adsorbent显示文摘For the removal of phosphate(PO_4^(3-)) from water, an adsorbent was prepared via carbonization of sewage sludge from a wastewater treatment plant: carbonized sludge adsorbent(CSA). The mechanism of phosphate removal was determined after studying the structure and chemical properties of the CSA and its influence on phosphate removal. The results demonstrate that phosphate adsorption by the CSA can be fitted with the pseudo second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models, indicating that the adsorption is single molecular layer adsorption dominated by chemical reaction. The active sites binding phosphate on the surface are composed of mineral particles containing Si/Ca/Al/Fe. The mineral containing Ca, calcite, is the main factor responsible for phosphate removal. The phosphate removal mechanism is a complex process including crystallization via the interaction between Ca^(2+) and PO_4^(3-); formation of precipitates of Ca^(2+), Al^(3+), and PO_4^(3-); and adsorption of PO_4^(3-)on some recalcitrant oxides composed of Si/Al/Fe. | Lei Zhang Junxin Liu Xuesong Guo | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，2： | 7 |
| 14 | Evaluation of phosphorus removal from wastewater by soils in rural areas in China显示文摘Low-cost, easy-maintenance and high-efficiency decentralized wastewater treatment technologies are urgently needed in rural areas of China. Processes with high potential for phosphorus removal are of great interest. However, commonly used treatment methods often do not meet the strict criteria for removing phosphorus from rural wastewater. In order to search an economic and simple technology for phosphorus removal from the common bio-technologies efluent, seven soil types collected from different rural areas in China were investigated for their ability to remove phosphorus. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyse the mineral structure, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES) was used to analyse the geochemical composition of the soil samples. Three primary minerals-quartz, albite and montmorillonite-were clearly detected. The samples were divided into two soil types, acidic soils and alkaline soils, based on their pH values. The geochemical composition study indicated that a higher percentage of Ca and Mg occurred in alkaline soils (pH>8) than in acidic soils (pH<6.5). Adsorption isotherms from batch experiments fitted the Langmuir and Freundlich models well, the maximum P adsorption capacities ranged from 0.256 to 1.598 mg P/g, indicating a high phosphorus removal potential for all of these soils. The P fractions extracted revealed that the sum of NaOH-extracted inorganic P (NaOH-Pi) was the major P component in the acidic soils, and CaCO3-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) in the alkaline soils. Dynamic adsorption simulation showed that these soils have the ability to remove phosphorus from wastewater. | Hanwen Liang, Junxin Liu, Yuansong Wei, Xuesong GuoResearch Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，1： | 7 |
| 15 | Landfill leachate treatment by MBR: Performance and molecular weight distribution of organic contaminant显示文摘A membrane bioreactor (MBR) with an air-lift bioreactor and gravity flow is applied to treating landfill leachate. More than 99% of BOD5 (biochemical oxygen demand for five days) removal effi-ciency is achieved with less than 35 mg/L of BOD_5 in the effluent at less than 1.71 kg BOD5/m^3·d of BOD_5 loading rate. When DO (dissolved oxygen) is maintained at the range of 2.3―2.8 mg/L and the loading rate of NH_4^+-N (ammonium nitrogen) is kept at 0.16― 0.24 kg NH_4^+-N/m^3·d, the NH_4^+-N in the effluent is less than 15 mg/L. However, compared with high removal rates of BOD_5 and NH_4^+-N, the removal effi-ciency of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) varies between 70% and 96%. The investigation of molecular weight (MW) distribution has been carried out by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) so as to understand the fate of organic matters in the MBR treating of landfill leachate. Results indicate that organic matters of the landfill leachate are composed of a high MW fraction (MW of the peak, MWp = 11480―13182 Da) and a low MW fraction (MWp = 158―275 Da). The high MW fraction is not biode-gradable, but can be decreased with microfiltration membrane. The most of the low MW fraction is bio-degradable, but the residue of the low MW fraction is able to permeate through the membrane, thus re-sulting in high SCOD in the effluent of the MBR. | CHEN Shaohua LIU Junxin | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，23： | 7 |
| 16 | Effects of various pretreatments on biohydrogen production from sewage sludge显示文摘The sewage sludge of wastewater treatment plant is a kind of biomass which contains many organics, mainly carbohydrates and proteins. Four pretreatments, acid pretreatment, alkaline pretreatment, thermal pretreatment and ultrasonic pretreatment, were used to enhance biohydrogen production from sewage sludge. The experimental results showed that the four pretreatments could all increase the soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) of sludge and decrease the dry solid (DS) and volatile solid (VS) because the pretreatments could disrupt the floc structure and even the microbial cells of sludge. The results of batch anaerobic fermentation experiments demonstrated that all of the four pretreatments could select hydrogen-producing microorganisms from the microflora of sludge and enhance the hydrogen production. The hydrogen yield of the alkaline pretreated sludge at initial pH of 11.5 was the maximal (11.68 mL H2/g VS) and that of the thermal pretreated sludge was the next (8.62 mL H2/g VS). The result showed that the hydrogen yield of pretreated sludge was correlative with its SCOD. The hydrogen yields of acid pretreated sludge and alkaline pretreated sludge were also influenced by their initial pH. No methane could be detected in the anaerobic fermentation of alkaline pretreated sludge and thermal pretreated sludge, which suggested that these pretreatments could fully inhibit the activity of methanogens. The volatile fatty acids (VFA) production in anaerobic fermentation of alkaline pre- treated sludge was the maximum and the next is that of thermal pretreated sludge. | XIAO BenYi LIU JunXin | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，12： | 6 |
| 17 | Flocculating characteristic of activated sludge flocs:Interaction between Al^(3+) and extracellular polymeric substances显示文摘Aluminum flocculant can enhance the flocculating performance of activated sludge.However,the binding mechanism of aluminum ion(Al 3+) and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) in activated sludge is unclear due to the complexity of EPS.In this work,threedimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy(3DEEM),fluorescence quenching titration and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) were used to explore the binding behavior and mechanism between Al 3+ and EPS.The results showed that two fluorescence peaks of tyrosineand tryptophan-like substances were identified in the loosely bound-extracellular polymeric substances(LB-EPS),and three peaks of tyrosine-,tryptophanand humic-like substances were identified in the tightly boundextracellular polymeric substances(TB-EPS).It was found that these fluorescence peaks could be quenched with Al 3+ at the dosage of 3.0 mg/L,which demonstrated that strong interactions took place between the EPS and Al 3+.The conditional stability constants for Al 3+ and EPS were determined by the Stern-Volmer equation.As to the binding mechanism,the-OH,N-H,C=O,C-N groups and the sulfurand phosphorus-containing groups showed complexation action,although the groups in the LB-EPS and TB-EPS showed different behavior.The TB-EPS have stronger binding ability to Al 3+ than the LB-EPS,and TB-EPS play an important role in the interaction with Al 3+. | Xiaodong Ruan Lin Li Junxin Liu | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，5： | 6 |
| 18 | Continuous desulfurization and bacterial community structure of an integrated bioreactor developed to treat SO_2 from a gas stream显示文摘Sulfide dioxide(SO2) is often released during the combustion processes of fossil fuels. An integrated bioreactor with two sections, namely, a suspended zone(SZ) and immobilized zone(IZ), was applied to treat SO2 for 6 months. Sampling ports were set in both sections to investigate the performance and microbial characteristics of the integrated bioreactor. SO2 was effectively removed by the synergistic effect of the SZ and IZ, and more than 85%removal efficiency was achieved at steady state. The average elimination capacity of SO2 in the bioreactor was 2.80 g/(m3·hr) for the SZ and 1.50 g/(m3· hr) for the IZ. Most SO2 was eliminated in the SZ. The liquid level of the SZ and the water content ratio of the packing material in the IZ affected SO2 removal efficiency. The SZ served a key function not only in SO2 elimination, but also in moisture maintenance for the IZ. The desired water content in IZ could be feasibly maintained without any additional pre-humidification facilities. Clone libraries of 16 S r DNA directly amplified from the DNA of each sample were constructed and sequenced to analyze the community composition and diversity in the individual zones.The desulfurization bacteria dominated both zones. Paenibacillus sp. was present in both zones, whereas Ralstonia sp. existed only in the SZ. The transfer of SO2 to the SZ involved dissolution in the nutrient solution and biodegradation by the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.This work presents a potential biological treatment method for waste gases containing hydrophilic compounds. | Jian Lin Lin Li Wenjie Ding Jingying Zhang Junxin Liu | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，11： | 6 |
| 19 | Flow field and dissolved oxygen distributions in the outer channel of the Orbal oxidation ditch by monitor and CFD simulation显示文摘In the Orbal oxidation ditch,denitrification is primarily accomplished in the outer channel.However,the detailed characteristics of the flow field and dissolved oxygen(DO)distribution in the outer channel are not well understood.Therefore,in this study,the flow velocity and DO concentration in the outer channel of an Orbal oxidation ditch system in a wastewater treatment plant in Beijing(China)were monitored under actual operation conditions.The flow field and DO concentration distributions were analyzed by computed fluid dynamic modeling.In situ monitoring and modeling both showed that the flow velocity was heterogeneous in the outer channel.As a result,the DO was also heterogeneously distributed in the outer channel,with concentration gradients occurring along the flow direction as well as in the cross-section.This heterogeneous DO distribution created many anoxic and aerobic zones,which may have facilitated simultaneous nitrification-denitrification in the channel.These findings may provide supporting information for rational optimization of the performance of the Orbal oxidation ditch. | Xuesong Guo Xin Zhou Qiuwen Chen Junxin Liu | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，4： | 5 |
| 20 | PH DEPENDENCY OF HYDROGEN FERMENTATION FROM ALKALIPRETREATED SLUDGE显示文摘Batch tests were carried out to study the possibility of hydrogen production from alkali-pre- treated sludge without seed and the pH dependency of hydrogen fermentation from alkali-pretreated sludge. Experimental results showed that the sewage sludge with alkali-pretreatment could be successfully applied to biologically producing hydrogen without seed and extra-feed. The results also showed that the initial pH value of sewage sludge was an impor-tant factor throughout the hydrogen fermentation of alkali-pretreated sludge. The maximum hydrogen yield was obtained at initial pH value of 11.0 (14.4 mL·g VS-1). The hydrogen yield of alkali-pretreated sludge at alkaline initial pH value was much higher than that of acidic or neutral initial pH value. The op-timal pH value of hydrogen production from alkali- pretreated sludge was approximately 9.5. The con-sumption of hydrogen could be inhibited when the pH value of sludge was above 8.5. The change of hy-drogen yield at various initial pH values was similar to that of sludge SCOD. The change of sludge pH value was slow and acetate was the major component of volatile fatty acids produced in the process of hy-drogen production. The yield and the constitution of volatile fatty acids were sensitive to the initial pH value. | XIAO Benyi LIU Junxin | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，4： | 4 |
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