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| 1 | Analyses of Dry Intrusion and Instability during a Heavy Rainfall Event that Occurred in Northern China显示文摘The 1°×1° National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) data and mesoscale numerical simulation data are analyzed to reveal a mechanism for the formation of heavy rainfall in Northern China; this mechanism is the non-uniformly saturated instability induced by a dry intrusion. The dry intrusion and the accompanying down-ward transport of air with a high value of potential vorticity (PV) are maintained during the precipitation event. As the dry air intrudes down into the warm and moist sector in the lower troposphere, the cold, dry air and the warm, moist air mix with each other, and, as a result, the atmosphere becomes non-uniformly saturated. On the basis of this non-uniform saturation, a new Brunt Visl frequency (BVF) formula is derived and applied to the precipitation event. It is shown that, compared to the conditions of either a dry or a saturated atmosphere, the BVF in a non-uniformly saturated, moist atmosphere (BVF*) may be more appropriate for depicting the atmospheric insta bility in rainy regions. | YANG Shuai CUI Xiaopeng RAN Lingkun | 2009 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2009，2，2： | 9 |
| 2 | On the parameterization scheme of gravity wave drag effect on the mean zonal flow of mesosphere显示文摘Based on McFarlane抯 parameterization scheme of gravity wave drag, a refined gravity-wave-drag scheme is presented. Both the drag effect of the momentum flux and the dissipation effect of gravity wave breaking on the mean zonal flow are included in the refined parameterization scheme. The dissipation effect can be formulated with the gravity wave numbers and the mean quantities. The refined parameterization scheme may represent a complete drag effect of stationary gravity wave breaking on the mean zonal flow. | GAO Shouting & RAN Lingkun State Key Laboratory of Atmosphere Physics and Chemistry (LAPC), Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，10： | 8 |
| 3 | Analysis of the Structure and Propagation of a Simulated Squall Line on 14 June 2009显示文摘A squall line on 14 June 2009 in the provinces of Jiangsu and Anhui was well simulated using the Advanced Regional Prediction System(ARPS) model. Based on high resolution spatial and temporal data, a detailed analysis of the structural features and propagation mechanisms of the squall line was conducted. The dynamic and thermodynamic structural characteristics and their causes were analyzed in detail. Unbalanced flows were found to play a key role in initiating gravity waves during the squall line's development. The spread and development of the gravity waves were sustained by convection in the wave-CISK process. The squall line's propagation and development mainly relied on the combined effect of gravity waves at the midlevel and cold outflow along the gust front. New cells were continuously forced by the cold pool outflow and were enhanced and lifted by the intense upward motion. At a particular phase, the new cells merged with the updraft of the gravity waves, leading to an intense updraft that strengthened the squall line. | LIU Lu RAN Lingkun SUN Xiaogong | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，8： | 8 |
| 4 | Active manganese oxide on MnOx-CeO2 catalysts for low-temperature NO oxidation:Characterization and kinetics study显示文摘MnO_x-CeO_2 catalysts were synthesized to investigate the active sites for NO oxidation by varying the calcination temperature. XRD and TEM results showed that cubic CeO_2 and amorphous MnO_x existed in MnO_x-CeO_2 catalysts. High temperature calcination caused the sintering of amorphous MnO_x and transforming to bulk crystalline Mn_2O_3, H_2-TPR and XPS results suggested the valence of Mn in MnO_x-CeO_2 was higher than pure MnO_x, and decreased with the increasing calcination temperature, The turnover frequency(TOF) was calculated based on the initial reducibility according to H_2-TPR quantitation and kinetic study. The TOF results indicated that the initial reducibility of amorphous MnO_x with high valence manganese ions was equivalent to the active sites for NO oxidation. It can be inferred that the amorphous MnO_x plays a key role in low-temperature NO oxidation. | Lingkun Meng Jun Wang Zhihui Sun Jinxin Zhu Hang Li Jianqiang Wang Meiqing Shen | 2018 | Journal of Rare Earths2018，36，2： | 7 |
| 5 | The Impact of Deformation on Vortex Development in a Baroclinic Moist Atmosphere显示文摘A mathematical relation between deformation and vertical vorticity tendency is built by introducing the frontogenesis function and the complete vertical vorticity equation, which is derived by virtue of moist potential vorticity. From the mathematical relation, it is shown that properly configured atmospheric conditions can make deformation exert a positive contribution to vortex development at rates comparable to other favorable factors. The effect of deformation on vortex development is not only related to the deformation itself, but also depends on the current thermodynamic and dynamic structures of the atmosphere, such as the convective stability, moist baroclinicity and vertical wind shear(or horizontal vorticity). A diagnostic study of a heavy-rainfall case that occurred during 20–22 July 2012 shows that deformation has the most remarkable effect on the increase in vertical vorticity during the rapid development stage of the low vortex during its whole life cycle. This feature is mainly due to the existence of an approximate neutral layer(about 700 h Pa) in the atmosphere where the convective stability tends to be zero. The neutral layer makes the effect of deformation on the vertical vorticity increase significantly during the vortex development stage, and thus drives the vertical vorticity to increase. | Na LI Lingkun RAN Shouting GAO | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，2： | 6 |
| 6 | Historical Changes and Future Projections of Extreme Temperature and Precipitation along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway显示文摘Based on multiresource high-resolution in situ and satellite merged observations along with model simulations from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment(CORDEX),this study first investigated historical changes in extreme temperature and precipitation during the period of 1979-2018 in areas along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway,and then projected the future changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme temperature and precipitation under the RCP(Representative Concentration Pathway)4.5 and 8.5 scenarios.This paper is expected to enhance our understanding of the spatiotemporal variability in the extreme temperature and precipitation along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway,and to provide scientific basis to advance the Sichuan-Tibet Railway construction and operation.The results show that temperatures in the Sichuan-Tibet region display a noticeable warming trend in the past 40 years,and the increase of minimum temperature is significantly higher than that of maximum temperature in the northwest of the region.Significant increase of precipitation is found mainly over the northwest of the Tibetan Plateau.Except for Lhasa and its surrounding areas,precipitation over other areas along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway shows no significant change in the past 40 years,as indicated in five datasets;however,precipitation along the railway has shown a remarkable decrease in the past 20 years in the TRMM satellite dataset.The warm days and nights have clearly increased by 6 and 5 day decade1-for 1979-2019,while cold days and nights have markedly decreased by about 6.6 and 3.6 day decade-1,respectively.In the past 20 years,the areas with increased precipitation from very wet days and extremely wet days are mainly distributed to the north of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway,while in the areas along the railway itself,the very wet days and extremely wet days are decreasing.Under RCPs 4.5 and 8.5,the temperature in the Sichuan-Tibet region will increase significantly,and the frequency of extreme high(low)temperature events in the late 21 st century(2070-2099)will greatly increase(decrease)by about 50%-80%(10%)compared with occurrences in the late 20 th century(1970-1999).Meanwhile,the frequency of very wet days and extremely wet days in the Sichuan-Tibet region will increase by about 2%-19% and 2%-5%,respectively,and the areas along the Sichuan-Tibet Railway will be affected by more extreme high temperature and extreme precipitation events. | Jingpeng ZHANG Tianbao ZHAO Libo ZHOU Lingkun RAN | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，3： | 5 |
| 7 | On the Mechanism of a Terrain-Influenced Snow Burst Event during Midwinter in Northeast China显示文摘Short-duration snow bursts with heavy snow represent one type of hazardous weather in winter which can be easily missed by the winter weather warnings but often results in great hazards.In this paper,the mechanism for the occurrence of such events was investigated with the aid of a localized terrain-influenced snow burst event in Northeast China.The snow burst was produced by an eastward-moving cold-frontal snowband which encountered the downstream complex terrain of the Changbai Mountains and intensified.To ascertain the role of orography on the snow burst,numerical experiments,together with a parallel sensitivity experiment removing Changbai Mountains,were performed to attempt to distinguish the contributions of cold-frontal system and orographic effects to produce the heavy snow.Diagnosis showed that without the influence of Changbai Mountains,the release of conditional instability(CI)and inertial instability(II)within a weak frontogenetical environment was responsible for the snowband maintenance.Orographic effects played important roles in enhancing the snowband and increasing the snowfall intensities.The enhancement mechanism was related to the interactions of the cold-frontal snowband and the topography.On the one hand,orographic frontogenesis and persistent ascent,created by orographic gravity waves over the terrain,greatly enhanced the orographic lifting.The intensification of the lifting promoted the release of CI and thus enhanced the snowfall.On the other hand,pre-existing orographic instabilities were released due to the passing of the cold-frontal snowband,which could also serve to intensify the snowband over terrain and thus increase the snowfall. | Na LI Baofeng JIAO Lingkun RAN Xinyong SHEN Yanbin QI | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，5： | 4 |
| 8 | Analysis and Simulation of the Stratospheric Quasi-zero Wind Layer over Korla, Xinjiang Province, China显示文摘The stratospheric quasi-zero wind layer (QZWL) is a transition region with low zonal wind speeds in the lower stratosphere at an altitude of ~20 km. The zonal wind direction above the QZWL layer is opposite to that below the QZWL layer and the north –south wind component is small. The atmospheric wind field near the stratospheric QZWL is an important factor affecting the flight altitude and dynamic control of stratospheric airships. It is therefore necessary to study the stratospheric QZWL to provide better environmental information for these aircraft. High-resolution radiosonde data were used to analyze the characteristics of the stratospheric QZWL over Korla, Xinjiang Province, China. A weak wind layer in which the wind direction suddenly reversed from westerly to easterly was observed at ~20 km in the lower stratosphere, characteristic of the stratospheric QZWL. The Weather Research and Forecasting model was used to simulate the profiles of the horizontal wind speed and direction over Korla. The forcing effect of each diagnostic term in the equation on the zonal wind speed was analyzed. The results showed that the advection term was the dominant factor forcing the zonal wind speed. The wave term had a secondary forcing role, although the forcing effect of the wave term on the zonal wind speed was significant in some regions. | Rui YANG Lingkun RAN Yuli ZHANG Yi LIU | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，10： | 3 |
| 9 | Analysis of the Characteristics of Inertia-Gravity Waves during an Orographic Precipitation Event显示文摘A numerical experiment was performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model to analyze the generation and propagation of inertia-gravity waves during an orographic rainstorm that occurred in the Sichuan area on 17 August 2014. To examine the spatial and temporal structures of the inertia-gravity waves and identify the wave types, three wavenumber-frequency spectral analysis methods(Fourier analysis, cross-spectral analysis, and wavelet cross-spectrum analysis)were applied. During the storm, inertia-gravity waves appeared at heights of 10–14 km, with periods of 80–100 min and wavelengths of 40–50 km. These waves were generated over a mountain and propagated eastward at an average speed of 15–20 m s^(-1). Meanwhile, comparison between the reconstructed inertia-gravity waves and accumulated precipitation showed there was a mutual promotion process between them. The Richardson number and Scorer parameter were used to demonstrate that the eastward-moving inertia-gravity waves were trapped in an effective atmospheric ducting zone with favorable reflector and critical level conditions, which were the primary causes of the long lives of the waves. Finally, numerical experiments to test the sensitivity to terrain and diabatic heating were conducted, and the results suggested a cooperative effect of terrain and diabatic heating contributed to the propagation and enhancement of the waves. | Lu LIU Lingkun RAN Shouting GAO | 2018 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2018，35，5： | 3 |
| 10 | Evolution of Instability before and during a Torrential Rainstorm in North China显示文摘NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data were used to analyze the characteristics and evolution mechanism of convective and symmetric instability before and during a heavy rainfall event that occurred in Beijing on 21 July 2012.Approximately twelve hours before the rainstorm,the atmosphere was mainly dominated by convective instability in the lower level of 900-800 hPa.The strong southwesterly low-level jet conveyed the moist and warm airflow continuously to the area of torrential rain,maintaining and enhancing the unstable energy.When the precipitation occurred,unstable energy was released and the convective instability weakened.Meanwhile,due to the baroclinicity enhancement in the atmosphere,the symmetric instability strengthened,maintaining and promoting the subsequent torrential rain.Deriving the convective instability tendency equation demonstrated that the barotropic component of potential divergence and the advection term played a major role in enhancing the convective instability before the rainstorm.Analysis of the tendency equation of moist potential vorticity showed that the coupled term of vertical vorticity and the baroclinic component of potential divergence was the primary factor influencing the development of symmetric instability during the precipitation.Comparing the effects of these factors on convective instability and symmetric instability showed some correlation. | Lu LIU Lingkun RAN Shouting GAO | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Diagnosis of the Forcing of Inertial-gravity Waves in a Severe Convection System显示文摘The non-hydrostatic wave equation set in Cartesian coordinates is rearranged to gain insight into wave generation in a mesoscale severe convection system. The wave equation is characterized by a wave operator on the lhs, and forcing involving three terms—linear and nonlinear terms, and diabatic heating—on the rhs. The equation was applied to a case of severe convection that occurred in East China. The calculation with simulation data showed that the diabatic forcing and linear and nonlinear forcing presented large magnitude at different altitudes in the severe convection region. Further analysis revealed the diabatic forcing due to condensational latent heating had an important influence on the generation of gravity waves in the middle and lower levels. The linear forcing resulting from the Laplacian of potential-temperature linear forcing was dominant in the middle and upper levels. The nonlinear forcing was determined by the Laplacian of potential-temperature nonlinear forcing. Therefore, the forcing of gravity waves was closely associated with the thermodynamic processes in the severe convection case. The reason may be that, besides the vertical component of pressure gradient force, the vertical oscillation of atmospheric particles was dominated by the buoyancy for inertial gravity waves. The latent heating and potential-temperature linear and nonlinear forcing played an important role in the buoyancy tendency. Consequently, these thermodynamic elements influenced the evolution of inertial-gravity waves. | Lingkun RAN Changsheng CHEN | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，11： | 2 |
| 12 | Potential Deformation and Its Application to the Diagnosis of Heavy Precipitation in Mesoscale Convective Systems显示文摘Many observational studies have shown that deformation, like vertical vorticity and divergence, is closely related to the occurrence and distribution of strong precipitation. In this paper, to involve deformation in precipitation diagnosis, a new parameter called potential deformation(PD) is derived and then applied to precipitation detection within a simulated mesoscale convective system(MCS). It is shown that PD includes both stretching deformation and shearing deformation and shares similar characteristics with deformation insofar as it does not change with the rotating coordinate. Diagnosis of the simulated MCS reveals that PD performs well in tracing the MCS' precipitation. In terms of their distributional pattern, the large-value areas of PD are similar to the precipitation in the different development stages of the MCS. A detailed analysis of the physical processes contained within the PD shows that it can reflect the three-dimensional moisture variation,vertical wind shear and wind deformation within the MCS. These structures are usually a comprehensive reflection of the characteristics of the surface cold pool, rear inflow jet, downward cold air flow and upward warm moist flow within the precipitating convective cells. For this reason, the PD shows much stronger anomalies in the precipitating atmosphere than the non-precipitating atmosphere, which implies considerable potential for its application in detecting heavy precipitation within MCSs. | Na LI Lingkun RAN Linna ZHANG Shouting GAO | 2017 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2017，34，7： | 2 |
| 13 | Maximum throughput irregular distributed space-time code for near-capacity cooperative communications显示文摘 | Lingkun K Soon X N Maunder R G | 2010 | IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology2010，59，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Maximum-Throughput Irregular Distributed Space-Time Code for Near-Capacity Cooperative Communications 显示文摘 | Lingkun Kong Soon Xin Ng Maunder R G | 2010 | IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology2010，59，3： | 1 |
| 15 | 基于GFS预报资料的强对流相似预报研究显示文摘本文基于数值模式预报发展了强对流相似预报方法。该方法采用对流参数作为相似预报量,对比当前预报与历史预报的相似物理量场挑选与当前预报最相似的时刻,并利用这些时刻对应的强对流观测权重叠加作为当前预报时刻的强对流预报。以NCEP/GFS预报场资料,对该方法的有效性进行了检验。检验结果表明,该方法对中国地区的强对流有良好预报效果。作为数值预报的有效补充,该方法具有以下几点优势:简便易实现,具有很高的可移植性:以对流参数作为相似预报量,充分利用了模式对温,压,湿,风等基本气象要素预报比较准确的优势;有效避免了对流参数进行强对流预报时的临界值选取问题,考虑了强对流发生的地域性,气候性特点。 | LI Na RAN Lingkun JIAO Baofeng | 2020 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2020，13，2： | 1 |
| 16 | An Application of the Helmholtz Theorem in Extracting the Externally Induced Deformation Field from the Total Wind Field in a Limited Domain显示文摘 | Cao Jie Ran Lingkun Li Na | 2014 | Monthly Weather Review2014，，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Downregulation of nc886 contributes to prostate cancer cell invasion and TGFβ1-induced EMT显示文摘Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation is important in cancer progression and metastasis. Evidence indicates that nc886 is a representative Pol III gene that processes microRNA products via Dicer and further downregulates its target gene transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1), which is the most prominent inducer of EMT in prostate cancer (PC). Consistent with the previous literature, we found that nc886 downregulation was strongly associated with metastatic behavior and showed worse outcomes in PC patients. However, little is known about the association between nc886 and the EMT signaling pathway. We developed a PC cell model with stable overexpression of nc886 and found that nc886 changed cellular morphology and drove MET. The underlying mechanism may be related to its promotion of SNAIL protein degradation via ubiquitination, but not to its neighboring genes, TGFβ-induced protein (TGFBI) and SMAD5, which are Pol II-transcribed. TGF-β1 also override nc886 promotion of MET via transient suppression the transcription of nc886, promotion of TGFBI or increase in SMAD5 phosphorylation. Both nc886 inhibition and TGFBI activation occur regardless of their methylation status. The literature suggests that MYC inhibition by TGF-β1 is attributed to nc886 downregulation. We incidentally identified MYC-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) as a suppressive transcription factor of TGFBI, which is controlled by TGF-β1. We elucidate a new mechanism of TGF-β1 differential control of Pol II and the transcription of its neighboring Pol III gene and identify a new EMT unit consisting of nc886 and its neighboring genes. | Ronghui Yang Lingkun Zuo Hui Ma Ying Zhou Ping Zhou Liyong Wang Miao Wang Mahrukh Latif Lu Kong | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，4： | 1 |
| 18 | A multi-location joint field observation of the stratosphere and troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The unique geographical location and high altitude of the Tibetan Plateau can greatly influence regional weather and climate.In particular, the Asian summer monsoon(ASM) anticyclone circulation system over the Tibetan Plateau is recognized to be a significant transport pathway for water vapor and pollutants to enter the stratosphere. To improve understanding of these physical processes, a multi-location joint atmospheric experiment was performed over the Tibetan Plateau from late July to August in 2018, funded by the fiveyear(2018–2022) STEAM(stratosphere and troposphere exchange experiment during ASM) project, during which multiple platforms/instruments—including long-duration stratospheric balloons, dropsondes, unmanned aerial vehicles, special sounding systems, and ground-based and satellite-borne instruments—will be deployed. These complementary methods of data acquisition are expected to provide comprehensive atmospheric parameters(aerosol, ozone, water vapor, CO_2, CH_4, CO, temperature, pressure,turbulence, radiation, lightning and wind); the richness of this approach is expected to advance our comprehension of key mechanisms associated with thermal, dynamical, radiative, and chemical transports over the Tibetan Plateau during ASM activity. | JinQiang Zhang Yi Liu HongBin Chen ZhaoNan Cai ZhiXuan Bai LingKun Ran Tao Luo Jing Yang YiNan Wang YueJian Xuan YinBo Huang XiaoQing Wu JianChun Bian DaRen Lu | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Bionic Flapping Pectoral Fin with Controllable Spatial Deformation显示文摘This paper presents the design of a bionic pectoral fin with fin rays driven by multi-joint mechanism.Inspired by the cownose ray,the bionic pectoral fin is modeled and simplified based on the key structure and movement parameters of the cownose ray's pectoral fin.A novel bionic propulsion fin ray composed of a synchronous belt mechanism and a slider-rocker mechanism is designed and optimized in order to minimize the movement errors between the designed fin rays and the spanwise curves observed from the cownose ray,and thereby reproducing an actively controllable flapping deformation.A bionic flapping pectoral fin prototype is developed accordingly.Observations verify that the bionic pectoral fin flaps consistently with the design rule extracted from the cownose ray.Experiments in a towing tank are set up to test its capability of generating the lift force and the propulsion force.The movement parameters within the usual propulsion capabilities of the bionic pectoral fm are utilized:The flapping frequency of 0.2 Hz-0.6 Hz,the flapping amplitude of 3°-18°,and the phase di^rence of 10°-60°.The results show that the bionic pectoral fin with actively controllable spatial deformation has expected propulsion performance,which supports that the natural features of the cownose ray play an important role in designing and developing a bionic prototype. | Yueri Cai Lingkun Chen Shusheng Bi Guoyuan Li Houxiang Zhang | 2019 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2019，16，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Hierarchical Cooperative Control of Connected Vehicles:From Heterogeneous Parameters to Heterogeneous Structures显示文摘As one of the typical applications of connected vehicles(CVs),the vehicle platoon control technique has been proven to have the advantages of reducing emissions,improving traffic throughout and driving safety.In this paper,a unified hierarchical framework is designed for cooperative control of CVs with both heterogeneous model parameters and structures.By separating neighboring information interaction from local dynamics control,the proposed framework is designed to contain an upper-level observing layer and a lower-level tracking control layer,which helps address the heterogeneity in vehicle parameters and structures.Within the proposed framework,an observer is designed for following vehicles to observe the leading vehicle's states using neighboring communication,while a tracking controller is designed to track the observed leading vehicle using local feedback control.Closed-loop stability in the absence and presence of communication time delay is analyzed,and the observer is further extended to a finite time convergent one to address string stability under general communication topology.Numerical simulation and field experiment verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. | Manjiang Hu Lingkun Bu Yougang Bian Hongmao Qin Ning Sun Dongpu Cao Zhihua Zhong | 2022 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2022，9，9： | 1 |
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