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| 1 | Spatial and temporal variabilities of rainstorms over China under climate change显示文摘Rainstorms are one of the extreme rainfall events that cause serious disasters,such as urban flooding and mountain torrents.Traditional studies have used rain gauge observations to analyze rainstorm events,but relevant information is usually missing in gauge-sparse areas.Satellite-derived precipitation datasets serve as excellent supplements or substitutes for the gauge observations.By developing a grid-based rainstorm-identification tool,we used the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission(TRMM)Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis(TMPA)time series product to reveal the spatial and temporal variabilities of rainstorms over China during 1998–2017.Significant patterns of both increasing and decreasing rainstorm occurrences were detected,with no spatially uniform trend being observed across the whole country.There was an increase in the area being affected by rainstorms during the 20-year period,with rainstorm centers shifting along the southwest–northeast direction.Rainstorm occurrence was found to be correlated with local total precipitation.By comparing rainstorm occurrence with climate variables such as the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation and Pacific Decadal Oscillation,we also found that climate change was likely to be the primary reason for rainstorm occurrence in China.This study complements previous studies that used gauge observations by providing a better understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of China’s rainstorms. | HUANG Chang ZHANG Shiqiang DONG Linyao WANG Zucheng LI Linyi CUI Luming | 2021 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2021，31，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria based on a universal dual-recognition FRET sensing system constructed with aptamer-quantum dots and lectin-gold nanoparticles显示文摘The threat to public health from bacterial infections has led to an urgent need to develop simpler,faster and more reliable bacterial detection methods.In this work,we developed a universal dual-recognition based sandwich fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET)sensor by using specific aptamer-modified quantum dots(Aptamer-QDs)as energy donor and lectin concanavalin A(Con A)modified gold nanoparticles(Con A-AuNPs)as energy acceptor to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of Escherichia coli(E.coli)within 0.5 h.In the presence of the target E.coli,the energy donor of Aptamer-QDs and acceptor of Con A-AuNPs were close to each other,causing changes of FRET signals.Based on the constructed FRET sensor,a linear detection range of from 10^(2)cfu/mL to 2×10^(8)cfu/mL with the detection limit of 45 cfu/mL for E.coli was achieved.Furthermore,the FRET sensor was applied to detect E.coli in the milk and orange juice with the detection limit of 300 cfu/mL and 200 cfu/mL,respectively and recovery rate from 83.1%to 112.5%.The strategy holds great promise in pathogenic bacteria detection due to its rapid and sensitivity. | Yaqing Zhang Yan Liu Yun Yang Linyao Li Xiaoqi Tao Erqun Song | 2023 | Chinese Chemical Letters2023，34，8： | 0 |
| 3 | Dispersal of crop-livestock and geographical-temporal variation of subsistence along the Steppe and Silk Roads across Eurasia in prehistory显示文摘The innovations of agricultural production and their extensive dispersal promoted the transformation of human livelihoods and profoundly influenced the evolution of human-land relationships in late prehistoric Eurasia.The Steppe and Silk Roads(SSRs)played important roles in the transcontinental exchange and dispersal of cereal crops and livestock related to agricultural innovation across Eurasia before the Han Dynasty(202 BC to AD 220),while the geographical-temporal variations in prehistoric subsistence in relation to the spread and exchange of cereal crops and livestock originating from different areas of Eurasia still remain unclear.In this paper,we explore these issues based on the review and analysis of published archaeobotanical,zooarchaeological,and carbon-stable isotope data from human bones from Neolithic-Early Iron Age sites in areas along the SSRs,with a comparison to updated results based on radiocarbon dating and ancient DNA analyses.Our results suggest that humans engaged in hunting game,while foxtail/broomcorn millet cultivation gradually became the primary subsistence strategy in Eastern SSRs from 10,500 to 6000 a BP.In contemporaneous Western SSRs,humans mainly cultivated wheat/barley and raised sheep/goats,cattle,and pigs.Trans-Eurasian exchange,which is reflected by the mixed utilization of wheat/barley and millet,emerged in the south-central Steppe during 6000–4000 a BP,while millet cultivation and pig husbandry became the dominant livelihoods in most areas of Eastern SSRs.During 4000–2200 a BP,Silk Roads became the major passageway for trans-Eurasian exchange,the interactive development of oasis agriculture and pastoralism facilitated intensive human settlement in the Central Silk Roads,and subsistence strategies substantially changed with significant geographical differences in Eastern SSRs,while subsistence in some areas of Western SSRs was evidently affected by the introduction and adoption of millet crops after 3000 a BP.The geographical-temporal variations in subsistence in the SSRs from the Neolithic to Early Iron Age were primarily affected by the prehistoric dispersal of farming groups across Eurasia,which was accompanied by the spread of cereal crops/livestock,while the impacts of climate change still need to be further evaluated. | Guanghui DONG Linyao DU Liu YANG Minxia LU Menghan QIU Haiming LI Minmin MA Fahu CHEN | 2022 | Science China Earth Sciences2022，65，7： | 0 |
| 4 | Immunogenic cell death effects induced by doxorubicin improved chemo-immunotherapy via restoration of granzyme B activity显示文摘Chemotherapy remains one of the irreplaceable treatments for cancer therapy.The use of immunogenic cell death(ICD)-inducing chemotherapeutic drugs offers a practical strategy for killing cancer cells,simultaneously eliciting an antitumor immune response by promoting the recruitment of cytotoxic immune cells and production of granzyme B(GrB).However,numerous malignant cancers adaptively acquired the capacity of secreting serpinb9(Sb9),a physiological inhibitor of GrB,which can reversibly inhibit the biological activity of GrB.To circumvent this dilemma,in this study,an integrated tailor-made nanomedicine composed of tumor-targeting peptide(Arg-Gly-Asp,RGD)decorated liposome,doxorubicin(DOX,an effective ICD inducer),and the compound 3034(an inhibitor of Sb9),is developed(termed as D3RL)for breast cancer chemo-immunotherapy.In vitro and in vivo studies show that D3RL can directly kill tumor cells and trigger the host immune response by inducing ICD.Meanwhile,D3RL can competitively relieve the inhibition of Sb9 to GrB.The restored GrB can not only effectively induce tumor immunotherapy,but also degrade matrix components in the tumor microenvironment,consequently improving the infiltration of immune cells and the penetration of nanomedicines,which in return enhance the combined antitumor effect.Taken together,this work develops an integrated therapeutic solution for targeted production and restoration of GrB to achieve a combined chemo-immunotherapy for breast cancer. | Tao Huang Xiaofan Sun Yingqiu Qi Xi Yang Linyao Fan Mengdie Chen Yale Yue Hong Ge Yiye Li Guangjun Nie Huan Min Xianfu Sun | 2023 | Nano Research2023，16，12： | 0 |
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