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| 1 | DEPENDENCE OF TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSIFICATION ON THE CORIOLIS PARAMETER显示文摘The dependence of tropical cyclone(TC) intensification on the Coriolis parameter was investigated in an idealized hurricane model. By specifying an initial balanced vortex on an f-plane, we observed faster TC development under lower planetary vorticity environment than under higher planetary vorticity environment. The diagnosis of the model outputs indicates that the distinctive evolution characteristics arise from the extent to which the boundary layer imbalance is formed and maintained in the presence of surface friction. Under lower planetary vorticity environment, stronger and deeper subgradient inflow develops due to Ekman pumping effect, which leads to greater boundary layer moisture convergence and condensational heating. The strengthened heating further accelerates the inflow by lowing central pressure further. This positive feedback loop eventually leads to distinctive evolution characteristics.The outer size(represented by the radius of gale-force wind) and the eye of the final TC state also depend on the Coriolis parameter. The TC tends to have larger(smaller) outer size and eye under higher(lower) planetary vorticity environment. Whereas the radius of maximum wind or the eye size in the current setting is primarily determined by inertial stability, the TC outer size is mainly controlled by environmental absolute angular momentum. | TIM LI XUYANG GE MELINDA PENG WEI WANG | 2012 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2012，1，2： | 2 |
| 2 | Occurrence oftrace inorganic contaminants in drinking water distributionsystems 显示文摘 | Peng C Y Andrew S H Melinda ] | 2012 | J Am Water Works Assoc2012，104，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Effects of Monsoon Trough Intraseasonal Oscillation on Tropical Cyclogenesis over the Western North Pacific*显示文摘 | Cao Xi Li Tim Peng Melinda Chen Wen Chen Guanghua | 2014 | Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences2014，，12： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of monsoon trough interannual variation on tropical cyclogenesis over the western North Pacific显示文摘 | Cao Xi Li Tim Peng Melinda Chen Wen Chen Guanghua | 2014 | Geophysical Research Letters2014，，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Effects of Vertical Shears and Midlevel Dry Air on Tropical Cyclone Developments*显示文摘 | Ge Xuyang Li Tim Peng Melinda | 2013 | Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences2013，，12： | 1 |
| 6 | Factors controlling northward and north-eastward moving tropical cyclones near the coast of East Asia显示文摘The impacts of multi-time-scale flows on northward and north-eastward moving tropical cyclones(TCs)near the east coast of China in August and September are investigated using reanalysis data from 1982 to 2012.TCs of interest are under the influence of the subtropical high-pressure system in the western North Pacific(WNP).In August when the subtropical highpressure system is strong and close to the coast line,most TCs in the region move northward,while more TCs move north-eastward in September when the subtropical highpressure system retreats to the east.To investigate the influence from different time-scales,the environmental flow is divided intofour components,the synoptic flow,the intraseasonal flow,the interannual flow and the climatological background field.Analysis of steering flows between 25°N and 30°N indicates that the meridional steering vectors from all time-scales point to the north,dominated by the intraseasonal component.The deciding factor on whether a TC moves to the north or north-east between 25°N and 30°N is the zonal steering vector.For the northward moving group,the sum of the zonal steering from all time-scales is very small.On the other hand,the north-east moving group has a net eastward zonal component mainly contributed by the climatological mean flow.Several individual cases that stood out from the majority of the group are analyzed.For those cases,the intraseasonal flow plays an important role in affecting the movement of the TCs mainly through the wave train,in which a cyclonic circulation is located to the north-west(north)and an anticyclonic circulation to the south-east(east)of TCs.The analysis of the steering vectors indicates the importance of all components with different timescales to the movement of TCs. | Qiao LIU Weican ZHOU Melinda PENG Tim LI | 2019 | Frontiers of Earth Science2019，13，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Modulation of High-Latitude Tropical Cyclone Recurvature by Solar Radiation显示文摘In this study,idealized simulations are conducted to investigate potential influences of solar radiation on the tropical cyclone(TC) recurvature at higher latitudes.Results indicate that TC track is sensitive to the seasonal variation of radiative forcing at higher latitudes.In the absence of a background flow,TCs at higher latitudes tend to recurve(remain northwestward) in the cold(warm) season.This feature is an additional aspect of the so-called intrinsic recurvature property of TC movement at high latitude.Physically,the greater meridional gradient of temperature in the cold season due to solar radiative forcing would induce a larger thermal wind,which affects the upper-level anticyclonic circulation and associated outflow.The structure changes of TC,mainly at upper-levels,modulate the steering flow for TC,leading to a higher probability of TCs at higher latitudes to recurve in the cold season than in the warm season. | Jiawei LING Xuyang GE Melinda PENG Qijun HUANG | 2023 | Journal of Meteorological Research2023，37，6： | 0 |
| 8 | Impacts of Steering Flows with Different Timescales on the Track of Typhoon Sanba(2012)显示文摘Typhoon Sanba(2012),the strongest tropical cyclone(TC)of the year worldwide,moved northward almost along130°longitude during its lifetime and passed through different background flows from low to high latitudes.The steering flows with different timescales for Sanba are retrieved by using the NCEP reanalysis data with the total wind field separated into:a mean state,an interannual component,an intraseasonal component,and a synoptic component.Our analysis indicates that the intraseasonal timescale wave train(WT)with east–west oriented circulations made the largest contribution to the movement of Sanba.The effects of the environmental steering with different timescales on Sanba’s movement are investigated with numerical simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model.In the control simulation,total fields from the NCEP reanalysis are used as initial and boundary conditions,and the northward motion of Sanba is well captured.In sensitivity experiments,each of the intraseasonal and interannual components is removed one at a time.The steering vectors associated with these timescales can explain their influences on the movement of Sanba in the experiments.Vorticity budget analyses indicate that the horizontal vorticity advection made the largest contribution to the movement of the storm. | Qiao LIU Melinda PENG Weican ZHOU Tim LI | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Effect of Baroclinicity on Vortex Axisymmetrization. Part Ⅰ:Barotropic Basic Vortex显示文摘The barotropic and baroclinic disturbances axisymmetrized by the barotropic basic vortex are examined in an idealized modeling framework consisting of two layers. Using a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approach, the radial propagation of a baroclinic disturbance is shown to be slower than a barotropic disturbance, resulting in a slower linear axisymmetrization for baroclinic disturbances. The slower-propagating baroclinic waves also cause more baroclinic asymmetric kinetic energy to be transferred directly to the barotropic symmetric vortex than from barotropic disturbances, resulting in a faster axisymmetrization process in the nonlinear baroclinic wave case than in the nonlinear barotropic wave case. | Melinda S.PENG Jiayi PENG Tim LI Eric HENDRICKS | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，6： | 0 |
| 10 | Effect of Baroclinicity on Vortex Axisymmetrization. Part Ⅱ:Baroclinic Basic Vortex显示文摘The effect of baroclinicity on vortex axisymmetrization is examined within a two-layer dynamical model. Three basic state vortices are constructed with varying degrees of baroclinicity:(i) barotropic,(ii) weak baroclinic, and(iii) strong baroclinic. The linear and nonlinear evolution of wavenumber-2 baroclinic disturbances are examined in each of the three basic state vortices. The results show that the radial propagating speed of the vortex Rossby wave at the lower level is larger with the stronger baroclinicity, resulting in a faster linear axisymmetrization process in the stronger baroclinic vortex.It is found that the nonlinear axisymmetrization process takes the longest time in the strongest baroclinic vortex among the three different basic vortices due to the weaker kinetic energy transfer from asymmetric to symmetric circulations at the lower level. A major finding in this study is that the same initial asymmetric perturbation can have different effects on symmetric vortices depending on the initial vortex baroclinicity. In numerical weather prediction models, this implies that there exists a sensitivity of the subsequent structural and intensity change solely due to the specification of the initial vertical shear of the tropical cyclone vortex. | Jiayi PENG Melinda S.PENG Tim LI Eric HENDRICKS | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，6： | 0 |
| 11 | What Controls Early or Late Onset of Tropical North Atlantic Hurricane Season?显示文摘The occurrence of first hurricane in early summer signifies the onset of an active Atlantic hurricane season.The interannual variation of this hurricane onset date is examined for the period 1979-2013.It is found that the onset date has a marked interannual variation.The standard deviation of the interannual variation of the onset day is 17.5 days,with the climatological mean onset happening on July 23.A diagnosis of tropical cyclone(TC) genesis potential index(GPI) indicates that the major difference between an early and a late onset group lies in the maximum potential intensity(MPI).A further diagnosis of the MPI shows that it is primarily controlled by the local SST anomaly(SSTA).Besides the SSTA,vertical shear and mid-tropospheric relative humidity anomalies also contribute significantly to the GPI difference between the early and late onset groups.It is found that the anomalous warm(cold) SST over the tropical Atlantic,while uncorrected with the Nino3 index,persists from the preceding winter to concurrent summer in the early(late) onset group.The net surface heat flux anomaly always tends to damp the SSTA,which suggests that ocean dynamics may play a role in maintaining the SSTA in the tropical Atlantic.The SSTA pattern with a maximum center in northeastern tropical Atlantic appears responsible for generating the observed wind and moisture anomalies over the main TC development region.A further study is needed to understand the initiation mechanism of the SSTA in the Atlantic. | 左恒 李天明 刘佳 PENG Melinda | 2016 | Journal of Meteorological Research2016，30，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Factors Controlling the Interannual Variations of MJO Intensity显示文摘The interannual variations of intensity of the Madden-Julian Oscillation(MJO) during boreal winter are investigated by using the observed outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) and the reanalysis data of ECMWF and NCEP.The standard deviation of 20-80-day filtered OLR anomaly is used to measure the MJO intensity.The dominant spatial structure of the interannual variability is revealed by an EOF analysis of the MJO intensity field.It is found that the leading mode is associated with eastern Pacific type ENSO,whereas the second mode is related to central Pacific type ENSO.A simple atmospheric model is used to investigate the relative roles of background moisture and wind changes in affecting the overall strength of MJO.The numerical experiments indicate that the background moisture effect is dominant while the background wind change has a minor effect. | 邓莉 李天明 刘佳 PENG Melinda | 2016 | Journal of Meteorological Research2016，30，3： | 0 |
| 13 | Comparison of Controlling Parameters for Near-Equatorial Tropical Cyclone Formation between Western North Pacific and North Atlantic显示文摘In this study,the differences in spatial distribution and controlling parameters for the formation of near-equatorial tropical cyclones(NETCs)between the western North Pacific(WNP)and the North Atlantic(NA)are investigated.NETCs exhibit distinctive spatial variabilities in different basins.Over the past few decades,the majority of NETCs took place in WNP while none was observed in NA.The mechanism behind such a distinguishing spatial distribution difference is analyzed by using statistical methods.It is noted that the dynamical variables such as low-level relative vorticity and vertical wind shear(VWS)are likely the primary controlling parameters.Compared with NA,larger low-level vorticity and smaller VWS appear over WNP.The increase of vorticity attributes a lot to the turning of northeast trade wind.NETCs in WNP tend to occur in the areas with VWS less than 9 m s^(-1),while the VWS in NA generally exceeds 10 m s^(-1).On the other hand,the sea surface temperature in the near-equatorial region of both of the two oceans exceeds 26.5℃and the difference of mid-level moisture is not significant;thus,thermal factors have little contribution to the distinction of NETC activities between WNP and NA.Intraseasonal oscillation(ISO)and synoptic-scale disturbances in WNP are also shown to be more favorable for NETC genesis.More NETCs were generated in ISO active phase.Synoptic-scale disturbances in WNP obtain more energy from the mean flows through the barotropic energy conversion process.The overall unfavorable thermal and dynamic conditions lead to the absence of NETCs in NA. | Changhao LU Xuyang GE Melinda PENG | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，4： | 0 |
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