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| 1 | Phytophthora sojae Effector PsAvh240 Inhibits Host Aspartic Protease Secretion to Promote Infection显示文摘Plants secrete defense molecules into the extracellular space (the apoplast) to combat attacking microbes. However, the mechanisms by which successful pathogens subvert plant apoplastic immunity remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that PsAvh240, a membrane-localized effector of the soybean pathogen Phytophthora sojae, promotes P. sojae infection in soybean hairy roots. We found that PsAvh240 interacts with the soybean-resistant aspartic protease GmAP1 in planta and suppresses the secretion of GmAP1 into the apoplast. By solving its crystal structure we revealed that PsAvh240 contain six a helices and two WY motifs. The first two a helices of PsAvh240 are responsible for its plasma membrane-localization and are required for PsAvh240's interaction with GmAP1. The second WY motifs of two PsAvh240 molecules form a handshake arrangement resulting in a handshake-like dimer. This dimerization is required for the effector's repression of GmAP1 secretion. Taken together, these data reveal that PsAvh240 localizes at the plasma membrane to interfere with GmAP1 secretion, which represents an effective mechanism by which effector proteins suppress plant apoplastic immunity. | Baodian Guo Haonan Wang Bo Yang Wenjing Jiang Maofeng Jing Haiyang Li Yeqiang Xia Yuanpeng Xu Qinli Hu Fangfang Wang Feng Yu Yan Wang Wenwu Ye Suomeng Dong Weiman Xing Yuanchao Wang | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，4： | 12 |
| 2 | Contrasting Characteristics of the Surface Energy Balance between the Urban and Rural Areas of Beijing显示文摘A direct comparison of urban and rural surface energy balances, as well as a variety of other variables including incoming shortwave/longwave radiation and aerosol optical depth, is conducted for the Beijing metropolitan area. The results indicate that, overall, the urban area receives a smaller amount of incoming shortwave radiation but a larger amount of incoming longwave radiation. However, comparisons in the aerosol optical depth and cloud fraction at the two locations suggest that neither aerosol optical depth nor cloud fraction alone can explain the difference in the incoming shortwave radiation. The urban–rural differences in the incoming longwave radiation are unlikely to be caused by the presence of more abundant greenhouse gases over the urban area, as suggested by some previous studies, given that water vapor is the most dominant greenhouse gas and precipitable water is found to be less in urban areas. The higher incoming longwave radiation observed over the urban area is mostly likely due to the higher temperatures of the ambient air. The urban area is also found to always produce higher sensible heat fluxes and lower latent heat fluxes in the growing season. Furthermore, the urban area is associated with a larger amount of available energy(the sum of sensible and latent heat fluxes) than the rural area, except in May and October when evapotranspiration in the rural area significantly exceeds that in the urban area. This study provides observational evidence of urban–rural contrasts in relevant energy-balance components that plausibly arise from urban–rural differences in atmospheric and land-surface conditions. | WANG Linlin GAO Zhiqiu MIAO Shiguang GUO Xiaofeng SUN Ting Maofeng LIU Dan LI | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，4： | 7 |
| 3 | A Phytophthora capsid Effector Targets ACD11 Binding Partners that Regulate ROS-Mediated Defense Response in Arabidopsis显示文摘Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in plant immune response, but the genes involved in the regulation of ROS are scantily reported. Phytophthora pathogens produce a large number of effectors to promote infection, but the modes of action adopted are largely unknown. Here, we report that RxLR207 could activate ROS-mediated cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana and was essential for virulence of P. capsici. We found that this effector targeted BPA1 (binding partner of ACD11) and four members of BPLs (BPAl-Like proteins)in Arabidopsis, and the bpa1 and bpl mutants had enhanced ROS accumulation and cell death under biotic or abiotic stresses. Furthermore, we showed that BPA1 and several BPLs functioned redundantly in plant immunity to P. capsici. We discovered that BPA1 and all six BPLs interacted with ACD11, and stabilization of ACD11 was impaired in the bpa 1, bpl2, bpl3, and bpl4 mutants. RxLR207 could promote the degradation of BPA1, BPL1, BPL2, and BPL4 to disrupt ACD11 stabilization in a 26S proteasome-dependent manner. Taken together, these fin dings indicate the important roles of Arabidopsis BPA1 and its homologs in ROS homeostasis and defense response, highlighting the usefulness of a pathogen effector-directed approach as a promising strategy for the discovery of novel plant immune regulators. | Qi Li Gan Ai Danyu Shen Fen Zou Ji Wang Tian Bai Yanyu Chen Shutian Li Meixiang Zhang Maofeng Jing Daolong Dou | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，4： | 5 |
| 4 | Targeting of anti-microbial proteins to the hyphal surface amplifies protection of crop plants against Phytophthora pathogens显示文摘Phytophthora pathogens are a persistent threat to the world's commercially important agricultural crops,including potato and soybean.Current strategies aim at reducing crop losses rely mostly on disease-resistance breeding and chemical pesticides,which can be frequently overcome by the rapid adaptive evolution of pathogens.Transgenic crops with intrinsic disease resista nee offer a promising alternative and con tinue to be developed.Here,we explored Phytophthora-derived PI3P(phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate)as a novel control target,using proteins that bind this lipid to direct secreted anti-microbial peptides and proteins(AMPs)to the surface of Phytophthora pathogens.In transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana,soybean,and potato plants,significantly enhanced resistance to different pathogen isolates was achieved by expression of two AMPs(GAFP1 or GAFP3 from the Chinese medicinal herb Gastrodia elata)fused with a PI3P-specific binding domain(FYVE).Using the soybean pathogen P.sojae as an example,we demonstrated that the FYVE domain could boost the activities of GAFPs in multiple independent assays,including those performed in vitro,in vivo,and in planta.Mutational analysis of P.sojae PI3K1 and PI3K2 genes of this pathogen confirmed that the enhanced activities of the targeted GAFPs were correlated with PI3P levels in the pathogen.Collectively,our study provides a new strategy that could be used to confer resistance not only to Phytophthora pathogens in many plants but also potentially to many other kinds of plant pathogens with unique targets. | Yang Zhou Kun Yang Qiang Yan Xiaodan Wang Ming Cheng Jierui Si Xue Xue Danyu Shen Maofeng Jing Brett M.Tyler Daolong Dou | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，8： | 2 |
| 5 | Plant Pathogens Utilize Effectors to Hijack the Host Endoplasmic Reticulum as Part of Their Infection Strategy显示文摘1.Introduction As the central organelle in the eukaryotic secretory pathway,the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)mediates cellular processes that include calcium homeostasis and protein processing[1,2].The infection of plants by pathogens can induce ER stress and trigger the unfolded protein response(UPR).The UPR is a conserved protective signaling pathway that leads to programmed cell death(PCD)under extreme conditions[3–5],which can harm or benefit pathogens,depending on the timing and mode of cell death,and on whether the pathogen has physiologically adapted to benefit from the dying tissue[6].The biosynthesis and proper function of plant pattern recognition receptors(PRRs),which perceive pathogen-or microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs or MAMPs)at the cell surface,also rely on N-glycosylation and the ER quality-control(ERQC)system[7–9].However,pathogens have evolved the capacity utilizing effectors to bind to the host ER stress pathway and manipulate it to their advantage during infection. | Maofeng Jing Yuanchao Wang | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，5： | 2 |
| 6 | Fatigue of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 6111显示文摘 | Fu Maofeng Mallick P K | 2003 | International Journal of Fatigue2003，25，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Effect of process variables on the static and fatigue properties of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 5754显示文摘 | Fu Maofeng Mallick P K | 2001 | SAE Paper2001，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Fatigue of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 6111显示文摘 | Fu Maofeng Mallick P K | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 9 | Fatigue of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 6111 显示文摘 | Maofeng Fu Mallick P K | 2003 | International Journal of Fatigue2003，25，： | 1 |
| 10 | Fatigue of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 6111显示文摘 | Maofeng Fu P.K Mallick | 2002 | International Journal of Fatigue2002，，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of process variables on the static and fatigue properties of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminun alloy 5754 显示文摘 | Maofeng Fu Mallick P K | 2001 | Society of Automotive Engineers2001，2，： | 1 |
| 12 | Fatigue of Self-Piercing Riveted Joints in an Aluminum Alloy6111显示文摘 | PK Mallick | 2003 | International Journal of Fatigue2003，3，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Fatigue of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 6111 显示文摘 | Maofeng Fu Mallick P K | 2003 | International Journal of Fatigue2003，25，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of Process Variables on the Static and Fatigue Properties of Self-Piercing Riveted Joints in Aluminum Alloy 5754显示文摘 | PK Mallick | 2001 | Sae Paper2001，，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Using multi walled carbon nanotubes as solid phase extraction adsorbents for determination of chloroacetanilide herbicides in water 显示文摘 | Maofeng Dong Yongqiang Ma Ercheng Zhao | 2009 | Microchim Acta2009，165，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Fatigue of self-piercing riveted joints in aluminum alloy 6111 显示文摘 | Fu Maofeng Mallick P K | 2003 | Iutemational Journal of Fatigue2003，25，： | 1 |
| 17 | Detection of re-cent HIV-1infection using a new limiting-antigen avidity assay:potential for HIV-1incidence estimates and avidity maturationstudies显示文摘 | Yen T Duong Maofeng Qiu Anindya K | 2012 | PLoS ONE2012，7，33： | 1 |
| 18 | Nuclear EPL-HAM complex is essential for the development of chloroplasts显示文摘Chloroplasts most likely originated from the endosymbiosis of cyanobacterial ancestors,entering the eukaryotic lineage about 1.0-1.5 billion years ago(Parfrey et al.,2011;Archibald,2015).Consequently,their biogenesis depends on genetic information from both the nuclear and chloroplast genomes.Photosynthetic housekeeping genes of core components in photosystemsⅠandⅡ(PSI and PSII)are encoded by the plastid genome。 | Bo Ding Hongli Xie Kangning Zhang He Li Yushi Gao Jing Zhang Bin Xu Lianwei Peng Guofeng Yang Guo-Liang Wang Upinder Gill Zeng-Yu Wang Maofeng Chai | 2022 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2022，49，12： | 1 |
| 19 | Dissipation and residues of Carfentrazone-ethyl in wheat and soil 显示文摘 | Han Lijun Xu Yanjun Dong Maofeng | 2007 | Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology2007，79，： | 1 |
| 20 | Shape and Phasecontrolled Synthesis of InzOa with Various Morphologiesand Their Gas- sensing Properties 显示文摘 | Wang Xiaoqing Zhang Maofeng | 2009 | Sensors and Actuators B2009，7，1： | 1 |
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