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232篇 您的检索式:作者名="Mustafa H"
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1钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂或胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗成人2型糖尿病:临床实践指南显示文摘临床问题对于存在不同心血管风险及肾脏结局的2型糖尿病患者,在原有生活方式干预和/或其他降糖药物的基础上加用钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂的获益及风险是什么?现行做法几十年来,2型糖尿病的治疗决策都以控制血糖为主导。SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂在传统观念中常被用于二甲双胍治疗后血糖仍控制不佳的患者。目前这一现状已经发生了改变,这得益于多项临床研究结果。研究显示SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂拥有独立于药物降糖作用之外的对于动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(CVD)和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的获益。建议本指南阐述了针对不同风险分层的成人2型糖尿病患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂的建议。•伴有3种或更少的心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:不建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•伴有3种以上心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,不建议启动GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD和CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗(推荐等级:强)和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•对于那些想要进一步降低CVD和CKD结局风险的患者:推荐优先启用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗而非GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)这项指南是如何制订的一个由患者、临床医生和方法学家共同组成的国际小组提出了这些推荐意见。这些推荐意见基于可信度较高的指南的标准,并使用GRADE分级方法进行评估。该小组采用了息者个体化的观点。证据一项关于获益与风险的系统综述和网络meta分析(764项随机对照研究,包括421346例参与者)发现SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂可以降低总体死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、终末期肾病或肾衰竭的发生率(中等至高等质量的证据)。在不同的亚组中这些药物对卒中、因心力衰竭所致住院和其他主要不良事件有不同的影响。药物绝对获益的程度因患者个体风险的不同有很大的差异。(例如,对于接受了超过5年药物治疗的1000例患者,在最低风险人群中死亡人数减少了5人,在最高风险人群中死亡人数减少了48人)。一项关于预后的综述确认了14种风险预测模型,其中一种(RECODe)在证据总结中报告了大部分基线风险评估数据,小组利用该模型以支持风险分层的建议。考虑到患者的价值观及个体差异,指南推荐的支撑证据包括一项对已发表论文的系统综述、一项患者焦点小组研究、一项临床问题总结,以及一项指南调查。指南解读我们依据不同的CVD和CKD风险水平,综合考虑获益、风险和其他因素的平衡,以及每一个风险组别的实际问题,来对推荐意见进行分层。本指南强烈建议CVD和CKD患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,这说明专家组认为其具有显著的获益。而对于其他成人2型糖尿病患者,推荐等级较弱,这说明专家组想要在获益、风险及治疗花费上取得一个更好的平衡。临床医生通过该指南可以使用可靠的风险计算模型,如RECODe,来明确其患者的个体心血管和肾脏疾病风险。医患交互式总结临床证据和制订决策有助于患者知晓治疗选择,包括进行共同决策。2型糖尿病人群(全球患病率不断增长1-2)正面临着不断增加的心血管疾病、肾脏病和其他并发症的风险3。数十年来,2型糖尿病的管理始终以控制血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为治疗目标4-5,但是,最近的高质量随机对照研究已经对这种以血糖为中心的治疗模式发起了挑战。研究结果显示,强化血糖控制未必会降低大血管不良事件,它还可能带来不利影响监管机构现在要求新型糖尿病药物必须证明其具有心血管和肾脏获益才能获得批准。对两类新药--钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(见框图1)的临床试验结果显示,在现有治疗方案(常规治疗)之上加用这些药物,对死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、心力衰竭和肾脏的结局(如进展为终末期肾病)都有获益8-12。Sheyu Li Per Olav Vandvik Lyubov Lytvyn Gordon H Guyatt Suetonia C Palmer Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Farid Foroutan Thomas Agoritsas Reed A C Siemieniuk Michael Walsh Lawrie Frere David J Tunnicliffe Evi V Nagler Veena Manja Bjφrn Olav Asvold Vivekanand Jha Mieke Vermandere Karim Gariani Qian Zhao Yan Ren Emma Jane Cartwright Patrick Gee Alan Wickes Linda Fems Robin Wright Ling Li Qiukui Hao Reem A Mustafa 郭鹤鸣(译) 2021英国医学杂志中文版2021,24,9:7
2仿真外科训练系统在微创外科的应用显示文摘目的 通过比较计算机模拟仿真训练和传统训练模型的训练效果,对模拟仿真训练的有效性和可行性进行评价。方法 17名低年外科医生和24名医学生被随机分成4组,分别受到计算机模拟仿真训练或传统训练模型的训练1 h。在接受训练后,他们将在传统训练模型中接受连续缝合测试30 min,根据完成缝合的数量和准确性来评价被测试者的能力。结果 无论接受何种训练,低年外科医生的测试结果都优于医学生,尤其在缝合速度方面。无论低年外科医生还是医学生,接受计算机模拟仿真训练的测试结果优于传统训练。结论 计算机模拟仿真训练将可能在腹腔镜外科训练中发挥重要作用。夏强 Gerhard Hbarth Mustafa Yanik Selman Uranüs Gerhard Bretthauer 2002中华消化内镜杂志2002,19,6:5
3Standard Snod- grass technique in conjunction with double-layer cover- ing of the neourethra with dorsal dartos flap is the ther- apy of first choice for hypospadias 显示文摘Mustafa M Wadie B S Abol Enein H 2008Int Urol Nephrol2008,40,3:1
4Finite Element Model Updating Approach to Damage Identification in Beams Using Par- ticle Swarm Optimization 显示文摘Mohamed M S Mustafa H A Ashraf O 2013Engineering Optimization2013,45,6:1
5Genetic characterization of wild-type measles viruses circulating in suburban Khartoum,1997-2000显示文摘EI Mubarak H S van de Bildt M W Mustafa O A 2002J Gen Virol2002,83,6:1
6Effects of flavonoids on vascular smooth muscle of the isolated rat thoracic aorta显示文摘AJAY M GILANI A H MUSTAFA M R 2003Life Sei2003,74,5:1
7Near-linear time approximation algorithms for curve simplification 显示文摘AGARWAL P K HAR-PELED S MUSTAFA N H 2005Algorithmica2005,42,34:1
8Occupational exposure to wood,formaldehyde,and solvents and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma显示文摘Allan H Mustafa D Chang-Chuan Chan 2001Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention2001,10,:1
9显示文摘Kohlstedt H Mustafa Y Gerber A 2005Microelectronic Engineering2005,80,:1
10The role of anterior spinal instrumenta-tion and allograft fibula for the treatment of pott diseaes显示文摘Mustafa H Kemal A Tune O 2003Spine2003,28,5:1
11Evaluation on Antibacterial Activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus Strains Isolated from Honey 显示文摘Mustafa A M Hassan Z Mohd N H 2012American Journal of Applied Sciences2012,9,6:1
12Preoperative lower esophageal sphincter pressure affects outcome of laparoscopic esophageal myotomy for achalasia显示文摘Mustafa A Arain Jeffrey H Peters Anan P Tamhankar Giuseppe Portale Gideon Almogy Steven R DeMeester Peter F Crookes Jeffrey A Hagen Cedric G Bremner Tom R DeMeester 2004Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2004,,3:1
13Classification of eight pomegranate juices based on antioxidant capacity measured by four methods显示文摘Mustafa Cam Yasar H|s|l Gkhan Durmaz 2009Food Chemistry2009,112,3:1
14The theoretical and experimental investigation of blank holder forces plate effect in deep drawing process of AL 1050 material 显示文摘H Ibrahim Demirci Mustafa Y Kemal Demiray b 2008Materials and Design2008,29,:1
15A review:Dietary benefit of algae as an additive in fish feed显示文摘Mustafa M Nakagawa H 1995Aquaculture1995,47,:1
16Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction: Are epoxyeicosatrienoic acids the link 显示文摘Mustafa S Shamla V Mcneill J H 2009Exp Clin Cardiol2009,14,2:1
17Copper effects in mechanical properties of rapidly solidified Sn-Pb-Sb Babbitt bearing alloys 显示文摘MUSTAFA Kamal E1-Bediwi A Lashin A R E1-Zarka A H 2011Materials Science and Engineering A2011,,530:1
18Cross-sectional imaging Features of Primary of Retroperitoneal Tumors and Their Subsequent Treatment显示文摘Turker A Mustafa H Serkan G 2015Journal of Clinical Imaging Science2015,5,2:1
19Some fixed point theorems for mappings on complete G-metric spaces显示文摘Mustafa Z Obiedat H Awawdeh F 2008Fixed Point Theory andApplications2008,,:1
20Relationship between antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress in children with acute hepatitis A显示文摘AIM: To investigate in children with acute hepatitis A. According to our knowledge, there are no data about the blood levels of malondialdehyde (MDA, an indicator of oxidative stress) and nonenzymic antioxidants in children with acute hepatitis A. METHODS: Whole blood MDA and reduced glutathione (GSH), serum β-carotene, retinol, vitamin E and vitamin C levels were studied in 19 (10 females, 9 males) children with acute hepatitis A and in 29 (13 females, 16 males) healthy control subjects. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference between patients and controls for all parameters (P < 0.05). Lipid peroxidation marker MDA was significantly elevated (P < 0.001), while antioxidants β-carotene, retinol and GSH were significantly decreased (all P < 0.001) in patients compared to healthy subjects. In addition, α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid levels were significantly lower in patients when compared to age and sex matched controls (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our study shows that hepatitis A virus induces oxidative stress in childern with hepatitis A. This finding could be taken into consideration to improve the therapeutic approach in acute hepatitis A.Mustafa Cemek Semiha Dede Fahri Bayiro■lu Hseyin aksen Fatma Cemek Nihat Mert 2006World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,38:1
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