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| 1 | Apoptosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases显示文摘The number of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases(NAFLD) including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH), has been increasing. NASH causes cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and is one of the most serious health problems in the world. The mechanism through which NASH progresses is still largely unknown. Activation of caspases, Bcl-2 family proteins, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-induced hepatocyte apoptosis plays a role in the activation of NAFLD/NASH. Apoptotic hepatocytes stimulate immune cells and hepatic stellate cells toward the progression of fibrosis in the liver through the production of inflammasomes and cytokines. Abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism as well as microbiota accelerate these processes. The production of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress is also involved. Cell death, including apoptosis, seems very important in the progression of NAFLD and NASH. Recently, inhibitors of apoptosis have been developed as drugs for the treatment of NASH and may prevent cirrhosis and HCC. Increased hepatocyte apoptosis may distinguish NASH from NAFLD, and the improvement of apoptosis could play a role in controlling the development of NASH. In this review, the association between apoptosis and NAFLD/NASH are discussed. This review could provide their knowledge, which plays a role in seeing the patients with NAFLD/NASH in daily clinical practice. | Tatsuo Kanda Shunichi Matsuoka Motomi Yamazaki Toshikatsu Shibata Kazushige Nirei Hiroshi Takahashi Tomohiro Kaneko Mariko Fujisawa Teruhisa Higuchi Hitomi Nakamura Naoki Matsumoto Hiroaki Yamagami Masahiro Ogawa Hiroo Imazu Kazumichi Kuroda Mitsuhiko Moriyama | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，25： | 32 |
| 2 | Diagnosis and Treatment of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars—Japan Scar Workshop Consensus Document 2018显示文摘There has been a long-standing need for guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars that are based on an understanding of the pathomechanisms that underlie these skin fibrotic diseases.This is particularly true for clinicians who deal with Asian and African patients because these ethnicities are highly prone to these diseases.By contrast,Caucasians are less likely to develop keloids and hypertrophic scars,and if they do,the scars tend not to be severe.This ethnic disparity also means that countries vary in terms of their differential diagnostic algorithms.The lack of clear treatment guidelines also means that primary care physicians are currently applying a hotchpotch of treatments,with uneven outcomes.To overcome these issues,the Japan Scar Workshop(JSW)has created a tool that allows clinicians to objectively diagnose and distinguish between keloids,hypertrophic scars,and mature scars.This tool is called the JSW Scar Scale(JSS)and it involves scoring the risk factors of the individual patients and the affected areas.The tool is simple and easy to use.As a result,even physicians who are not accustomed to keloids and hypertrophic scars can easily diagnose them and judge their severity.The JSW has also established a committee that,in cooperation with outside experts in various fields,has prepared a Consensus Document on keloid and hypertrophic scar treatment guidelines.These guidelines are simple and will allow even inexperienced clinicians to choose the most appropriate treatment strategy.The Consensus Document is provided in this article.It describes(1)the diagnostic algorithm for pathological scars and how to differentiate them from clinically similar benign and malignant tumors,(2)the general treatment algorithms for keloids and hypertrophic scars at different medical facilities,(3)the rationale behind each treatment for keloids and hypertrophic scars,and(4)the body site-specific treatment protocols for these scars.We believe that this Consensus Document will be helpful for physicians from all over the world who treat keloids and hypertrophic scars. | Rei Ogawa Sadanori Akita Satoshi Akaishi Noriko Aramaki-Hattori Teruyuki Dohi Toshihiko Hayashi Kazuo Kishi Taro Kono Hajime Matsumura Gan Muneuchi Naoki Murao Munetomo Nagao Keisuke Okabe Fumiaki Shimizu Mamiko Tosa Yasuyoshi Tosa Satoko Yamawaki Shinichi Ansai Norihisa Inazu Toshiko Kamo Reiko Kazki Shigehiko Kuribayashi | 2019 | Burns & Trauma2019，7，1： | 31 |
| 3 | New insight in expression, transport, and secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor: Implications in brainrelated diseases显示文摘Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) attracts increasing attention from both research and clinical fields because of its important functions in the central nervous system. An adequate amount of BDNF is critical to develop and maintain normal neuronal circuits in the brain. Given that loss of BDNF function has beenreported in the brains of patients with neurodegenerative or psychiatric diseases, understanding basic properties of BDNF and associated intracellular processes is imperative. In this review, we revisit the gene structure, transcription, translation, transport and secretion mechanisms of BDNF. We also introduce implications of BDNF in several brain-related diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, depression and schizophrenia. | Naoki Adachi Tadahiro Numakawa Misty Richards Shingo Nakajima Hiroshi Kunugi | 2014 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2014，5，4： | 30 |
| 4 | Comparison between combination therapy of percutaneous ethanol injection and radiofrequency ablation and radiofrequency ablation alone for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: In the present study, the characteristics of PEI-RFA treatment were further elucidated by analyzing the relationship between the volume of coagulated necrosis and the energy requirement for ablation or the amount of ethanol injected into HCC.METHODS: The volume of coagulated necrosis, total energy requirement and energy requirement for coagulation of per unit volume were examined in the groups of PEI-RFA and RFA alone using the Cool-tip RF system.RESULTS: The results showed that the volume of coagulated necrosis induced was significantly larger in PEI-RFA group than in routine RFA group, when the total energy administered was comparable in both groups.In PEI-RFA, enlargement of coagulated necrosis was admitted in 3 dimensions and the amount of energy requirement per unit volume of coagulated necrosis was negatively correlated with the amount of ethanol injected into HCC.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that, compared to RFA alone, PEI-RFA enables to induce comparable coagulated necrosis with smaller energy requirement, and that PEI-RFA is likely to be less invasive than RFA alone irrespective of inducing enhanced coagulated necrosis.Thus, simple prior injection of ethanol may make RFA treatment more effective and less invasive for the treatment of patients with HCC. | Kazutaka Kurokohchi Seishiro Watanabe Tsutomu Masaki Naoki Hosomi Yoshiaki Miyauchi Takashi Himoto Yasuhiko Kimura Seiji Nakai Akihiro Deguchi Hirohito Yoneyama Shuhei Yoshida Shigeki Kuriyama | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，10： | 29 |
| 5 | Current status, problems, and perspectives of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease research显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a major chronic liver disease that can lead to liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, and ultimately death. NAFLD is pathologically classified as non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL) or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) based on the existence of ballooned hepatocytes,although the states have been known to transform into each other. Moreover,since the detection of ballooned hepatocytes may be difficult with limited biopsied specimens, its clinical significance needs reconsideration. Repeated liver biopsy to assess histological NAFLD activity for therapeutic response is also impractical, creating the need for body fluid biomarkers and less invasive imaging modalities. Recent longitudinal observational studies have emphasized the importance of advanced fibrosis as a determinant of NAFLD outcome. Thus,identifying predictors of fibrosis progression and developing better screening methods will enable clinicians to isolate high-risk NAFLD patients requiring early intensive intervention. Despite the considerable heterogeneity of NAFLD with regard to underlying disease, patient age, and fibrosis stage, several clinical trials are underway to develop a first-in-class drug. In this review, we summarize the present status and future direction of NAFLD/NASH research towards solving unmet medical needs. | Naoki Tanaka Takefumi Kimura Naoyuki Fujimori Tadanobu Nagaya Michiharu Komatsu Eiji Tanaka | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，2： | 29 |
| 6 | 高钢级管线钢的组织和力学性能显示文摘应用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM,含EBSP)、透射电镜(TEM)研究了日本新日铁公司(NSC)X70,X80和X100级管线钢的显微组织。结果表明:X70级为针状铁素体,X80级为多边形铁素体、针状铁素体和贝氏体双相组织,X100级为粒状贝氏体和上贝氏体组织,均有细小均匀的晶粒和晶畴组织,通过适当的合金化和控轧控冷(TMCP)可以获得优良的强度和低温韧性的配合。 | 陶鹏 张弛 杨志刚 Yoshio Terada Naoki Doi Masahiko Murata | 2008 | 焊管2008，31，2： | 23 |
| 7 | Multicenter study of endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage for malignant distal biliary obstruction显示文摘AIM: To determine the optimal method of endoscopic preoperative biliary drainage for malignant distal biliary obstruction.METHODS: Multicenter retrospective study was conducted in patients who underwent plastic stent(PS) or nasobiliary catheter(NBC) placement for resectable malignant distal biliary obstruction followed by surgery between January 2010 and March 2012. Procedurerelated adverse events, stent/catheter dysfunction(occlusion or migration of PS/NBC, developmentof cholangitis, or other conditions that required repeat endoscopic biliary intervention), and jaundice resolution(bilirubin level < 3.0 mg/d L) were evaluated. Cumulative incidence of jaundice resolution and dysfunction of PS/NBC were estimated using competing risk analysis. Patient characteristics and preoperative biliary drainage were also evaluated for association with the time to jaundice resolution and PS/NBC dysfunction using competing risk regression analysis.RESULTS: In total, 419 patients were included in the study(PS, 253 and NBC, 166). Primary cancers included pancreatic cancer in 194 patients(46%), bile duct cancer in 172(41%), gallbladder cancer in three(1%), and ampullary cancer in 50(12%). The median serum total bilirubin was 7.8 mg/d L and 324 patients(77%) had ≥ 3.0 mg/d L. During the median time to surgery of 29 d [interquartile range(IQR), 30-39 d]. PS/NBC dysfunction rate was 35% for PS and 18% for NBC [Subdistribution hazard ratio(SHR) = 4.76; 95%CI: 2.44-10.0, P < 0.001]; the pig-tailed tip was a risk factor for PS dysfunction. Jaundice resolution was achieved in 85% of patients and did not depend on the drainage method(PS or NBC).CONCLUSION: PS has insufficient patency for preoperative biliary drainage. Given the drawbacks of external drainage via NBC, an alternative method of internal drainage should be explored. | Naoki Sasahira Tsuyoshi Hamada Osamu Togawa Ryuichi Yamamoto Tomohisa Iwai Kiichi Tamada Yoshiaki Kawaguchi Kenji Shimura Takero Koike Yu Yoshida Kazuya Sugimori Shomei Ryozawa Toshiharu Kakimoto Ko Nishikawa Katsuya Kitamura Tsunao Imamura Masafumi Mizuide Nobuo Toda Iruru Maetani Yuji Sakai Takao Itoi Masatsugu Nagahama Yousuke Nakai Hiroyuki Isayama | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，14： | 18 |
| 8 | Maintenance for healed erosive esophagitis:PhaseⅢcomparison of vonoprazan with lansoprazole显示文摘AIM To compare vonoprazan 10 and 20 mg vs lansoprazole 15 mg as maintenance therapy in healed erosive esophagitis(EE).METHODS A total of 607 patients aged ≥ 20 years, with endoscopically-confirmed healed EE following 8 wk of treatment with vonoprazan 20 mg once daily, were randomized 1:1:1 to receive lansoprazole 15 mg(n = 201), vonoprazan 10 mg(n = 202), or vonoprazan 20 mg(n = 204), once daily. The primary endpoint of the study was the rate of endoscopically-confirmed EE recurrence during a 24-wk maintenance period. The secondary endpoint was the EE recurrence rate at Week 12 during maintenance treatment. Additional efficacy endpoints included the incidence of heartburn and acid reflux, and the EE healing rate 4 wk after the initiation of maintenance treatment. Safety endpoints comprised adverse events(AEs), vital signs, electrocardiogram findings, clinical laboratory results, serum gastrin and pepsinogen Ⅰ/Ⅱ levels, and gastric mucosa histopathology results.RESULTS Rates of EE recurrence during the 24-wk maintenance period were 16.8%, 5.1%, and 2.0% with lansoprazole 15 mg, vonoprazan 10 mg, and vonoprazan 20 mg, respectively. Vonoprazan was shown to be non-inferior to lansoprazole 15 mg(P < 0.0001 for both doses). In a post-hoc analysis, EE recurrence at Week 24 was significantly reduced with vonoprazan at both the 10 mg and the 20 mg dose vs lansoprazole 15 mg(5.1% vs 16.8%, P = 0.0002, and 2.0% vs 16.8%, P < 0.0001, respectively); by contrast, the EE recurrence rate did not differ significantly between the two doses of vonoprazan(P = 0.1090). The safety profiles of vonoprazan 10 and 20 mg were similar to that of lansoprazole 15 mg in patients with healed EE. Treatment-related AEs were reported in 11.4%, 10.4%, and 10.3% of patients in the lansoprazole 15 mg, vonoprazan 10 mg, and vonoprazan 20 mg arms, respectively.CONCLUSION Our findings confirm the non-inferiority of vonoprazan 10 and 20 mg to lansoprazole 15 mg as maintenance therapy for patients with healed EE. | Kiyoshi Ashida Katsuhiko Iwakiri Naoki Hiramatsu Yuuichi Sakurai Tetsuharu Hori Kentarou Kudou Akira Nishimura Eiji Umegaki | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，14： | 18 |
| 9 | Safety and effectiveness of propofol sedation during and after outpatient colonoscopy显示文摘AIM:To study the safety and effectiveness of propofol sedation for outpatient colonoscopy.METHODS:Propofol was given by bolus injection with an age-adjusted standard protocol consisting of 60 mg for patients < 70 years old,40 mg for patients age 70-89 years,and 20 mg for those ≥ 90 years,and additional injections of 20 mg propofol were given up to a maximum of 200 mg.The principal parameters were the occurrence of adverse events within 24 h after colonoscopy and overall satisfaction for this procedure.Secondary parameters included successful procedure,respiratory depression,and other complications.RESULTS:Consecutive patients were entered prospectively and all 2101 entered successfully completed outpatient colonoscopy.The mean dose of propofol used was 96.4 mg(range 40-200 mg).Younger patients required higher doses of propofol than older patients(20-40 years vs ≥ 61 years:115.3 ± 32 mg vs 89.7 ± 21 mg,P < 0.001).Transient supplemental oxygen supply was needed by five patients(0.2%);no other complications occurred.The questionnaires were completed by 1820(87%) of 2101 patients and most rated their overall satisfaction as excellent(80%) or good(17%).The majority(65%) of patients drove home or to their office after their colonoscopy.Most(99%) were willing to repeat the same procedure.No incidents occurred within 24 h after colonoscopy.CONCLUSION:Propofol sedation using a dose < 200 mg proved both safe and practical for outpatient colonoscopy. | Akira Horiuchi Yoshiko Nakayama Masashi Kajiyama Naoyuki Kato Tetsuya Kamijima Yasuyuki Ichise Naoki Tanaka | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，26： | 15 |
| 10 | Radiation therapy for portal venous invasion by hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To clarify the efficacy and safety of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3-D CRT) for this disease and to specify patient subgroups suitable for this treatment.METHODS: Fifty-two patients with HCC received PVI-targeted radiation therapy from January 1995 through December 2003. Portal venous invasion (PVI) was found in the second or lower order branches of the portal vein in 6 patients, in the first branch in 24 patients and in the main trunk in 22 patients. Child classifications of liver function before radiation therapy were A, B, and C for 19, 24 and 2 patients, respectively. All patients received three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with a total dose ranging from 39 to 60 Gy (57.0 Gy in average).RESULTS: Overall survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 45.1%, 25.3%, 15.2%, 10.1%, and 5.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that Child status, the number of tumor foci, tumor type,transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) after radiation therapy were statistically significant prognostic factors.Multivariate analysis showed that the number of tumor foci and TAE after radiation therapy were statistically significant.CONCLUSION: The results of this study strongly suggest the efficacy of 3-D CRT as treatment for PVI in HCC. 3-D CRT is recommended in combination with postradiation TAE for PVI of HCC with 5 tumor foci or less in the liver and with Child A liver function. | Keiichi Nakagawa Hideomi Yamashita Kenshiro Shiraishi Naoki Nakamura Masao Tago Hiroshi Igaki Yoshio Hosoi Shuichiro Shiina Masao Omata Masatoshi Makuuchi Kuni Ohtomo | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，46： | 14 |
| 11 | A rare case of hyaline-type Castleman disease in the liver显示文摘Castleman disease often develops in the neck, mediastinum and pulmonary hilum. Its onset in the peritoneal cavity is very rare. The patient, a woman in her 70s, was referred to our department for a detailed examination of an abdominal mass. On abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, a mass approximately 15 mm in diameter was noted in the hepatic S6. We attempted radical treatment and conducted a laparoscope-assisted right lobectomy. On the basis of histopathological findings, the patient was diagnosed as having hyaline type Castleman disease in the liver, a very rare condition. | Hisaaki Miyoshi Shima Mimura Takako Nomura Joji Tani Asahiro Morishita Hideki Kobara Hirohito Mori Hirohito Yoneyama Akihiro Deguchi Takashi Himoto Naoki Yamamoto Keiichi Okano Yasuyuki Suzuki Tsutomu Masaki | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，7： | 14 |
| 12 | Pancreatic stents for the prevention of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis should be inserted up to the pancreatic body or tail显示文摘AIM To investigate the location to which a pancreatic stent should be inserted to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis(PEP).METHODS Over a ten-year period at our hospital, 296 patients underwent their first ERCP procedure and had a pancreatic stent inserted; this study included 147 patients who had ERCP performed primarily for biliary investigation and had a pancreatic stent inserted to prevent PEP. We dividedthese patients into two groups: 131 patients with a stent inserted into the pancreatic head(head group) and 16 patients with a stent inserted up to the pancreatic body or tail(body/tail group). Patient characteristics and ERCP factors were compared between the groups.RESULTS Pancreatic amylase isoenzyme(p-AMY) levels in the head group were significantly higher than those in the body/tail group [138.5(7.0-2086) vs 78.5(5.0-1266.5), P = 0.03] [median(range)]. No cases of PEP were detected in the body/tail group [head group, 12(9.2%)]. Of the risk factors for post-ERCP hyperamylasemia(≥ p-AMY median, 131 IU/L), procedure time ≥ 60 min [odds ratio(OR) 2.65, 95%CI: 1.17-6.02, P = 0.02) and stent insertion into the pancreatic head(OR 3.80, 95%CI: 1.12-12.9, P = 0.03) were identified as independent risk factors by multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION Stent insertion up to the pancreatic body or tail reduces the risk of post-ERCP hyperamylasemia and may reduce the risk of PEP. | Mitsuru Sugimoto Tadayuki Takagi Rei Suzuki Naoki Konno Hiroyuki Asama Yuki Sato Hiroki Irie Ko Watanabe Jun Nakamura Hitomi Kikuchi Yuichi Waragai Mika Takasumi Takuto Hikichi Hiromasa Ohira | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，22： | 13 |
| 13 | Cytomegalovirus infection in severe ulcerative colitis patients undergoing continuous intravenous cyclosporine treatment in Japan显示文摘AIM: To investigate active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following the cyclosporine A (CyA) treatment of steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC).METHODS: Twenty-three patients with severe UC not responding to steroid therapy (male 14, and female 9) enrolled at Nagoya University Hospital from 1999 to 2005. They received continuous intravenous infusion of CyA (average 4 mg/kg per day) for 1 mo. Serum and colonic biopsy samples were collected before CyA treatment and 4 d, 10 d, 20 d, and 30 d after treatment. Patients were evaluated for CMV by using serology (IgM antibody by ELISA), quantitative real-time PCR for CMV DNA, and histopathological assessment of hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained colonic biopsies. CMV infection was indicated by positive results in any test. RESULTS: No patients had active CMV infection before CyA treatment. Eighteen of 23 UC patients treated with CyA were infected with active CMV (IgM antibody in 16/23 patients, 69.6%; CMV DNA in 18/23 patients, 78.2%; and inclusion bodies in 4/23 patients, 17.3%). There was no difference in the active CMV-infection rate between males and females. Active CMV infection was observed after approximately 8 d of CyA treatment, leading to an exacerbation of colitis. Fifteen of these 18 patients with active CMV infection (83.3%) required surgical treatment because of severe deteriorating colitis. Treatment with ganciclovir rendered surgery avoidable in three patients. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that active CMVinfection in severe UC patients treated with CyA is associated with poor outcome. Further, ganciclovir is useful for treatment of CMV-associated UC after immuno-suppressive therapy. | Masaaki Minami Michio Ohta Teruko Ohkura Takafumi Ando Naoki Ohmiya Yasumasa Niwa Hidemi Goto | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，5： | 13 |
| 14 | Clinical utility of the platelet-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of postoperative complications after radical gastrectomy for clinical T2-4 gastric cancer显示文摘AIM To identify simple and sensitive markers for postoperative complications after gastrectomy, the predictive values were compared among candidate preoperative factors. METHODS Three-hundred and twelve patients with previously untreated clinical T2-4 gastric cancer who underwent a D2 standard gastrectomy(distal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy) were included in the analysis.Correlations between 21 parameters that can be determined by preoperative routine blood tests and clinically relevant postoperative complications(grade Ⅱ or higher according to the Clavien-Dindo classification) were evaluated. The optimal cutoff values and clinical significance of the selected markers were further evaluated by subgroup analyses according to age, body mass index, operative procedure and clinical disease stage.RESULTS Sixty-six patients(21.1%) experienced grade Ⅱ or higher postoperative complications. The plateletlymphocyte ratio(PLR, total lymphocyte count/platelet count × 100) exhibited the highest area under the curve value(0.639) for predicting postoperative complications among the 21 parameters, and the optimal cutoff value was determined to be 0.71(sensitivity = 70%, specificity = 56%). In the univariate analysis, the odds ratio of a low PLR for the occurrence of postoperative complications was 2.94(95%CI: 1.66-5.35, P < 0.001), and a multivariate binomial logistic analysis involving other potential risk factors identified a low PLR as an independent risk factor for postoperative complications(OR = 3.32, 95%CI: 1.82-6.25, P < 0.001). In subgroups classified according to age, body mass index, operative procedure and clinical disease stage, the low PLR group exhibited an increased incidence of postoperative complications. CONCLUSION The preoperative PLR is a simple and useful predictor of complications after curative gastrectomy in patients with clinical T2-4 gastric cancer. | Kenichi Inaoka Mitsuro Kanda Hiroaki Uda Yuri Tanaka Chie Tanaka Daisuke Kobayashi Hideki Takami Naoki Iwata Masamichi Hayashi Yukiko Niwa Suguru Yamada Tsutomu Fujii Hiroyuki Sugimoto Kenta Murotani Michitaka Fujiwara Yasuhiro Kodera | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，14： | 13 |
| 15 | Nasogastric tube syndrome induced by an indwelling long intestinal tube显示文摘The nasogastric tube(NGT) has become a frequently used device to alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms. Nasogastric tube syndrome(NTS) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of an indwelling NGT. NTS is characterized by acute upper airway obstruction due to bilateral vocal cord paralysis. We report a case of a 76-year-old man with NTS, induced by an indwelling long intestinal tube. He was admitted to our hospital for treatment of sigmoid colon cancer. He underwent sigmoidectomy to release a bowel obstruction, and had a long intestinal tube inserted to decompress the intestinal tract. He presented acute dyspnea following prolonged intestinal intubation, and bronchoscopy showed bilateral vocal cord paralysis. The NGT was removed immediately, and tracheotomy was performed. The patient was finally discharged in a fully recovered state. NTS be considered in patients complaining of acute upper airway obstruction, not only with a NGT inserted but also with a long intestinal tube. | Naoki Sano Masayoshi Yamamoto Kentaro Nagai Keiichi Yamada Nobuhiro Ohkohchi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，15： | 11 |
| 16 | Treatment strategies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma:Sorafenib vs hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy显示文摘Sorafenib is used worldwide as a first-line standardsystemic agent for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) on the basis of the results of two large-scale Phase Ⅲ trials. Conversely,hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy(HAIC) is one of the most recommended treatments in Japan. Although there have been no randomized controlled trials comparing sorafenib with HAIC,several retrospective analyses have shown no significant differences in survival between the two therapies. Outcomes are favorable for HCC patients exhibiting macroscopic vascular invasion when treated with HAIC rather than sorafenib,whereas in HCC patients exhibiting extrahepatic spread or resistance to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,good outcomes are achieved by treatment with sorafenib rather than HAIC. Additionally,sorafenib is generally used to treat patients with Child-Pugh A,while HAIC is indicated for those with either Child-Pugh A or B. Based on these findings,we reviewed treatment strategies for advanced HCC. We propose that sorafenib might be used as a first-line treatment for advanced HCC patients without macroscopic vascular invasion or Child-Pugh A,while HAIC is recommended for those with macroscopic vascular invasion or Child-Pugh A or B. Additional research is required to determine the best second-line treatment for HAIC non-responders with Child-Pugh B through future clinical trials. | Issei Saeki Takahiro Yamasaki Masaki Maeda Takuro Hisanaga Takuya Iwamoto Koichi Fujisawa Toshihiko Matsumoto Isao Hidaka Yoshio Marumoto Tsuyoshi Ishikawa Naoki Yamamoto Yutaka Suehiro Taro Takami Isao Sakaida | 2018 | World Journal of Hepatology2018，10，9： | 10 |
| 17 | Plant Nutrition for Human Nutrition:Hints from Rice Research and Future Perspectives显示文摘Both plants and humans require mineral elements for their healthy growth and development.Mineral elements in the soil are taken up by the plant roots and transported to the edible parts for human consumption through various different transporters.An ideal future crop for human health should be rich in essential mineral elements but with less toxic elements in the edible parts.However,due to the great difference in the numbers and amounts of mineral elements required between plants and humans,it is a challenge to balance plant growth and nutrient requirement for humans.In this article,we mainly focus on the transport system of mineral elements from soil to grain in rice,a staple food for half of the world's population,and discuss recent progress on the underlying genetic and physiological mechanisms.Examples are given for silicon,zinc,and iron essential/beneficial for both plants and humans,selenium and iodine only essential for humans,and toxic cadmium and arsenic for all organisms.Manipulation of some transporters for these elements,especially those localized in the node for allocation of mineral elements to the grain,has been successful in generating rice with higher density and bioavailability of essential elements but with less accumulation of toxic elements.We provide our perspectives toward breeding future crops for human health. | Sheng Huang Peitong Wang Naoki Yamaji Jian Feng Ma | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，6： | 10 |
| 18 | Rabeprazole is effective for bile reflux oesophagitis after total gastrectomy in a rat model显示文摘AIM:To elucidate the effect of a proton pump inhibitor(PPI,rabeparazole)on oesophageal bile reflux in oesophagitis after total gastrectomy.METHODS:Twenty-one 8-week-old male Wistar rats were studied.They were performed oesophagoduodenostomy of total gastrectomy to induce oesophageal reflux of biliary and pancreatic juice.Five rats were performed the sham operation(Sham).On post-operative day 7,they were treated with saline(Control)(n=8)or PPI(rabeprazole,30 mg/kg per day,ip)(n=8)for 2 wk.On post-operative 21,all rats were sacrificed and each oesophagus was evaluated histologically.Oesophageal injury was evaluated by macroscopic and microscopic findings as well as the expression of cyclooxygenase-2(COX2).We measured bile acid in the oesophageal lumen and the common bile duct.RESULTS:At 3 wk after surgery,a histological study analysis revealed an increase in the thickness of the epithelium,elongation of the lamina propria and basal cell hyperplasia in the oesophageal mucosa.The macroscopic ulcer score and microscopic ulcer length of the control group were significantly higher compared to those of the rabeprazole-treated group.The expression of COX2 was significantly increased according to the immunostaining in the control group compared to rabeprazole-treated group.Although there was no difference between the control and PPI groups in the total bile acid in the common bile duct,the bileacid activity in the oesophageal lumen was significantly decreased in the rabeprazole-treated group due to augmentation of the duodenal motor complex.CONCLUSION:With this model,rabeprazole is good effect for reflux esophagitis after total gastrectomy from bile reflux.Bile acid is an important factor in the mucosal lesion induced by duodenal reflux. | Naoki Hashimoto | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2015，6，1： | 10 |
| 19 | Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer显示文摘Paraneoplastic syndromes are signs or symptoms that occur as a result of organ or tissue damage at locations remote from the site of the primary tumor or metastases. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer can impair various organ functions and include neurologic, endocrine, dermatologic, rheumatologic, hematologic, and ophthalmological syndromes, as well as glomerulopathy and coagulopathy(Trousseau's syndrome). The histological type of lung cancer is generally dependent on the associated syndrome, the two most common of which are humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy in squamous cell carcinoma and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in small cell lung cancer. The symptoms often precede the diagnosis of the associated lung cancer, especially when the symptoms are neurologic or dermatologic. The proposed mechanisms of paraneoplastic processes include the aberrant release of humoral mediators, such as hormones and hormone-like peptides, cyto-kines, and antibodies. Treating the underlying cancer is generally the most effective therapy for paraneoplastic syndromes, and treatment soon after symptom onset appears to offer the best potential for symptom improvement. In this article, we review the diagnosis, potential mechanisms, and treatments of a wide variety of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with lung cancer. | Nobuhiro Kanaji Naoki Watanabe Nobuyuki Kita Shuji Bandoh Akira Tadokoro Tomoya Ishii Hiroaki Dobashi Takuya Matsunaga | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，3： | 10 |
| 20 | Hepatitis B virus X protein induces hepatic stem cell-like features in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating KDM5B显示文摘AIM To determine the role of hepatitis B virus X protein(HBx), HBx in regulating hepatic progenitor cell(HPC)-like features in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS We used a retrovirus vector to introduce wild type HBx or empty vector into Hep G2 cells. We then used these cells to analyze cell proliferation, senescence, transformation, and stem-like features. Gene expression profiling was carried out on Affymetrix GeneC hip Human U133A2.0 ver.2 arrays according to the manufacturer's protocol. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis and Class Comparison analysis were performed by BRB-Array Tools software Version 4.2.2. A total of 238 hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related HCC patients' array data were used for analyzing clinical features.RESULTS The histone demethylase KDM5 B was significantlyhighly expressed in HBV-related HCC cases(P < 0.01). In HBV proteins, only HBx up-regulated KDM5 B by activating c-myc. Hepatic stem cell(Hp SC) markers(EpC AM, AFP, PROM1, and NANOG) were significantly highly expressed in KDM5B-high HCC cases(P < 0.01). KDM5 B played an important role in maintaining HpS Clike features and was associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, inhibition of KDM5 B suppressed spheroid formation and cell invasion in vitro.CONCLUSION HBx activates the histone demethylase KDM5 B and induces HPC-like features in HCC. Histone demethylases KDM5 B may be an important therapeutic target against HBV-related HCC cases. | Xuyang Wang Naoki Oishi Tetsuro Shimakami Taro Yamashita Masao Honda Seishi Murakami Shuichi Kaneko | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，18： | 10 |
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