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| 1 | Current understandings of the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes:Genetics to environment显示文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is an autoimmune disease that usually strikes early in life,but can affect individuals at almost any age.It is caused by autoreactive T cells that destroy insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.Epidemiological studies estimate a prevalence of 1 in 300 children in the United States with an increasing incidence of 2%-5%annually worldwide.The daily responsibility,clinical management,and vigilance required to maintain blood sugar levels within normal range and avoid acute complications(hypoglycemic episodes and diabetic ketoacidosis)and long term micro-and macro-vascular complications significantly affects quality of life and public health care costs.Given the expansive impact of T1D,research work has accelerated and T1D has been intensively investigated with the focus to better understand,manage and cure this condition.Many advances have been made in the past decades in this regard,but key questions remain as to why certain people develop T1D,but not others,with the glaring example of discordant disease incidence among monozygotic twins.In this review,we discuss the field’s current understanding of its pathophysiology and the role of genetics and environment on the development of T1D.We examine the potential implications of these findings with an emphasis on T1D inheritance patterns,twin studies,and disease prevention.Through a better understanding of this process,interventions can be developed to prevent or halt it at early stages. | Adebola Matthew Giwa Rizwan Ahmed Zahra Omidian Neha Majety Kagan Ege Karakus Sarah M Omer Thomas Donner Abdel Rahim A Hamad | 2020 | World Journal of Diabetes2020，11，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Effective prophylaxis against rotavirus diarrhea using a combination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and antibodies显示文摘 | Neha P Harold M Harald B | 2007 | BMC Microbiol2007，7，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Synthesis of 6a-hydroxypterocarpans via intramolecular benzoin condensation显示文摘 | Neha M Paul E | 2013 | Tetrahedron Lett2013，54，31： | 1 |
| 4 | Adsorptive removal of Pb2 ~, Co2 ~ and Ni2 ~ by hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite from aqueous solution 显示文摘 | Neha Gupta Atul K Kushwaha M C Chattopadhyaya | 2012 | Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers2012，43，： | 1 |
| 5 | Iron and aluminum hydroxy (oxide) coated filter media for low concentration phosphorus removal显示文摘 | Ayoub George M Koopman B Pandya Neha | 2001 | Wat Env Res2001，734，7： | 1 |
| 6 | Iron and aluminum hydroxy (oxide) coated filter media for low concentration phosphorus removal显示文摘 | Ayoub George M Koopman B Pandya Neha | 2001 | Wat Env Res2001，734，7： | 1 |
| 7 | Isolation and characterization of methylotrophic methanogens from anoxic marine sediments in Skan Bay, Alaska显示文摘 | Neha S Melissa M K Liu Y T | 2005 | Intemational Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology2005，55，： | 1 |
| 8 | Effective prophylaxis against rotavirus diarrhea using a combination of Lactobacillus rham- nosus GG and antibodies 显示文摘 | NEHA P HAROLD M HARALD B | 2007 | BMC Microbiology2007，88，： | 1 |
| 9 | Iron and aluminum hydroxyl(oxide) coated filter media for low concentration phosphorus removal 显示文摘 | AYOUB George M KOOPMAN B PANDYA Neha | 2001 | Wat Env Res2001，734，7： | 1 |
| 10 | High Fat Diet Induced Insulin Resistance and Glucose Intolerance are Gender-specific in IGF-IR Heterozygous Mice显示文摘 | Neha G Sachin T Alex M | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Determination of antioxidant and hepatoprotective ability of flavonoids of Cichorium intybus 显示文摘 | Neha M Deepshildaa P K Vidhu A | 2014 | Int J Toxicol Pharm Res2014，6，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Neutralizing possibilities of whole virion and mRNA vaccine triggered antibodies of Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2 with receptor binding domains of spike proteins of Delta and Omicron strains显示文摘Mutations in the receptor binding domain(RBD)of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein have given birth to the new variants of concern viz.Delta and Omicron strain.As we are using vaccines which are either mRNA of spike protein of Wuhan strain or its whole virion vaccine,these vaccines will trigger antibodies to be able to bind with the epitopes of spike protein of Wuhan strain.There appears a need to study whether vaccine generated circulating neutralizing antibodies in vaccinated people are able to neutralize the receptor binding domain of spike protein of currently circulating Delta and Omicron strains as well.We need to address this contention in two phases:first to undertake docking studies of vaccine generated antibodies with Wuhan,Delta and Omicron strains and second to conduct the wet lab studies and observe antigen-antibody bindings employing Immunofluorescence and Cryo-Electron Microscopic studies.The present paper reports results of docking studies using bioinformatic softwares to provide the baseline information for wet lab studies. | Shilpa Barthwal Bennet Angel Annette Angel Vinod Joshi BM Shareef Nuzhat M Peer Poorna Khaneja Ambreen S Khan Bhawna Sharma Neha Singh Ramesh Joshi Komal Tomar Kiran Yadav Satendra P Singh | 2023 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2023，16，2： | 0 |
| 13 | Surface defects incorporated diamond machining of silicon显示文摘This paper reports the performance enhancement benefits in diamond turning of the silicon wafer by incorporation of the surface defect machining(SDM)method.The hybrid micromachining methods usually require additional hardware to leverage the added advantage of hybrid technologies such as laser heating,cryogenic cooling,electric pulse or ultrasonic elliptical vibration.The SDM method tested in this paper does not require any such additional baggage and is easy to implement in a sequential micro-machining mode.This paper made use of Raman spectroscopy data,average surface roughness data and imaging data of the cutting chips of silicon for drawing a comparison between conventional single-point diamond turning(SPDT)and SDM while incorporating surface defects in the(i)circumferential and(ii)radial directions.Complementary 3D finite element analysis(FEA)was performed to analyse the cutting forces and the evolution of residual stress on the machined wafer.It was found that the surface defects generated in the circumferential direction with an interspacing of 1 mm revealed the lowest average surface roughness(Ra)of 3.2 nm as opposed to 8 nm Ra obtained through conventional SPDT using the same cutting parameters.The observation of the Raman spectroscopy performed on the cutting chips showed remnants of phase transformation during the micromachining process in all cases.FEA was used to extract quantifiable information about the residual stress as well as the sub-surface integrity and it was discovered that the grooves made in the circumferential direction gave the best machining performance.The information being reported here is expected to provide an avalanche of opportunities in the SPDT area for low-cost machining solution for a range of other nominal hard,brittle materials such as SiC,ZnSe and GaAs as well as hard steels. | Neha Khatri Borad M Barkachary B Muneeswaran Rajab Al-Sayegh Xichun Luo Saurav Goel | 2020 | International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2020，2，4： | 0 |
| 14 | Association of latitude and altitude with adverse outcomes in patients with COVID-19: The VIRUS registry显示文摘BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)course may be affected by environmental factors.Ecological studies previously suggested a link between climatological factors and COVID-19 fatality rates.However,individual-level impact of these factors has not been thoroughly evaluated yet.AIM To study the association of climatological factors related to patient location with unfavorable outcomes in patients.METHODS In this observational analysis of the Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study:COVID-19 Registry cohort,the latitudes and altitudes of hospitals were examined as a covariate for mortality within 28 d of admission and the length of hospital stay.Adjusting for baseline parameters and admission date,multivariable regression modeling was utilized.Generalized estimating equations were used to fit the models.RESULTS Twenty-two thousand one hundred eight patients from over 20 countries were evaluated.The median age was 62(interquartile range:49-74)years,and 54%of the included patients were males.The median age increased with increasing latitude as well as the frequency of comorbidities.Contrarily,the percentage of comorbidities was lower in elevated altitudes.Mortality within 28 d of hospital admission was found to be 25%.The median hospital-free days among all included patients was 20 d.Despite the significant linear relationship between mortality and hospital-free days(adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=1.39(1.04,1.86),P=0.025 for mortality within 28 d of admission;aOR=-1.47(-2.60,-0.33),P=0.011 for hospital-free days),suggesting that adverse patient outcomes were more common in locations further away from the Equator;the results were no longer significant when adjusted for baseline differences(aOR=1.32(1.00,1.74),P=0.051 for 28-day mortality;aOR=-1.07(-2.13,-0.01),P=0.050 for hospital-free days).When we looked at the altitude’s effect,we discovered that it demonstrated a non-linear association with mortality within 28 d of hospital admission(aOR=0.96(0.62,1.47),1.04(0.92,1.19),0.49(0.22,0.90),and 0.51(0.27,0.98),for the altitude points of 75 MASL,125 MASL,400 MASL,and 600 MASL,in comparison to the reference altitude of 148 m.a.s.l,respectively.P=0.001).We detected an association between latitude and 28-day mortality as well as hospital-free days in this worldwide study.When the baseline features were taken into account,however,this did not stay significant.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that differences observed in previous epidemiological studies may be due to ecological fallacy rather than implying a causal relationship at the patient level. | Aysun Tekin Shahraz Qamar Romil Singh Vikas Bansal Mayank Sharma Allison M LeMahieu Andrew C Hanson Phillip J Schulte Marija Bogojevic Neha Deo Simon Zec Diana J Valencia Morales Katherine A Belden Smith F Heavner Margit Kaufman Sreekanth Cheruku Valerie C Danesh Valerie M Banner-Goodspeed Catherine A St Hill Amy B Christie Syed A Khan Lynn Retford Karen Boman Vishakha KKumar John C O'Horo Juan Pablo Domecq Allan J Walkey Ognjen Gajic Rahul Kashyap Salim Surani TheSociety of Critical Care Medicine(SCCM)Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study(VIRUS):COVID-Registry Investigator Group | 2022 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2022，11，2： | 0 |
| 15 | Gastric antral webs in adults:A case series characterizing their clinical presentation and management in the modern endoscopic era显示文摘AIM To investigate the current management of gastric antral webs(GAWs) among adults and identify optimal endoscopic and/or surgical management for these patients.METHODS We reviewed our endoscopy database seeking to identify patients in whom a GAW was visualized among 24640 esophagogastroduodenoscopies(EGD) over a seven-year period(2006-2013) at a single tertiary care center. The diagnosis of GAW was suspected during EGD if aperture size of the antrum did not vary with peristalsis or if a 'double bulb' sign was present on upper gastrointestinal series. Confirmation of the diagnosis was made by demonstrating a normal pylorus distal to the GAW.RESULTS We identified 34 patients who met our inclusion criteria(incidence 0.14%). Of these, five patients presented with gastric outlet obstruction(GOO), four of whom underwent repeated sequential balloon dilations and/or needle-knife incisions with steroid injection for alleviation of GOO. The other 29 patients were incidentally found to have a non-obstructing GAW. Age at diagnosis ranged from 30-87 years. Non-obstructing GAWs are mostly incidental findings. The most frequently observed symptom prompting endoscopic work-up was refractory gastroesophageal reflux(n = 24, 70.6%) followed by abdominal pain(n = 11, 33.4%), nausea and vomiting(n = 9, 26.5%), dysphagia(n = 6, 17.6%), unexplained weight loss,(n = 4, 11.8%), early satiety(n = 4, 11.8%), and melena of unclear etiology(n = 3, 8.82%). Four of five GOO patients were treated with balloon dilation(n = 4), four-quadrant needle-knife incision(n = 3), and triamcinolone injection(n = 2). Three of these patients required repeat intervention. One patient had a significant complication of perforation after needle-knife incision.CONCLUSION Endoscopic intervention for GAW using balloon dilation or needle-knife incision is generally safe and effective in relieving symptoms, however repeat treatment may be needed and a risk of perforation exists with thermal therapies. | Shannon J Morales Neha Nigam Walid M Chalhoub Dalia I Abdelaziz James H Lewis Stanley B Benjamin | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，1： | 0 |
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