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| 1 | Pancreatic cancer: A review of clinical diagnosis, epidemiology, treatment and outcomes显示文摘This review aims to outline the most up-to-date knowledge of pancreatic adenocarcinoma risk, diagnostics, treatment and outcomes, while identifying gaps that aim to stimulate further research in this understudied malignancy. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a lethal condition with a rising incidence, predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer death in some regions. It often presents at an advanced stage, which contributes to poor five-year survival rates of 2%-9%, ranking firmly last amongst all cancer sites in terms of prognostic outcomes for patients. Better understanding of the risk factors and symptoms associated with this disease is essential to inform both health professionals and the general population of potential preventive and/or early detection measures. The identification of high-risk patients who could benefit from screening to detect pre-malignant conditions such as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms is urgently required, however an acceptable screening test has yet to be identified. The management of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is evolving, with the introduction of new surgical techniques and medical therapies such as laparoscopic techniques and neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, however this has only led to modest improvements in outcomes. The identification of novel biomarkers is desirable to move towards a precision medicine era, where pancreatic cancer therapy can be tailored to the individual patient, while unnecessary treatments that have negative consequences on quality of life could be prevented for others. Research efforts must also focus on the development of new agents and delivery systems. Overall, considerable progress is required to reduce the burden associated with pancreatic cancer. Recent, renewed efforts to fund large consortia and research into pancreatic adenocarcinoma are welcomed, but further streams will be necessary to facilitate the momentum needed to bring breakthroughs seen for other cancer sites. | Andrew McGuigan Paul Kelly Richard C Turkington Claire Jones Helen G Coleman R Stephen McCain | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，43： | 140 |
| 2 | Anti-fungal and anti-bacterial activities of ethanol extracts of selected traditional Chinese medicinal herbs显示文摘Objective:To evaluate in ritro antimicrobial activities of selected 58 ethno-medicinal plant extracts with a view to assess their therapeutic potential.Methods:A total of 58 traditional Chinese medicinal plants were carefully selected based on the literature review and their traditional use.The antimicrobial activities of ethanol extracts of these medicinal plants were tested against fungi(Aspergillus funigaius),yeast(Candida albicans),gram-negative(Acirelobacter haumannii and Pseudornnruis aeruginosa)and gram-positive bacteria(Staphglococcus aureus).The activities were tested at three different concentrations of 1.00,0.10 and 0.01 mg/mL.The data was analysed using Gene data Screener program.Results:The measured antimicrobial activities indicated that out of the 58 plant extracts,15 extracts showed anti-fungal activity and 23 extracts exhibited anti-bacterial activity.Eight plant extracts have exhibited both anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities.For instance,Eucommia ulmoides,Pohgonum cuspidcrtum,Poria cocas and Uncaria rhineophylla showed activity against both bacterial and fungal strains,indicating their broad spectrum of activity.Conclusions:The results revealed that the ethanol extracts of 30 plants out of the selected 58 possess significant antimicrobial activities.It is interesting to note that the findings from the current study are consistent with the traditional use.A clear correlation has also been found between the antimicrobial activity and the flavonoid content of the plant extracts which is in agreement with the literature.Hence.the results presented here can be used to guide the selection of potential plant species for the isolation and structure elucidation of novel antimicrobial compounds in order to establish the structure-activity relationship.This in turn is expected to lead the way to the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents for therapeutic use. | Lin Zhang Anjaneya S.Ravipati Sundar R Koyyalamudi Sang Chul Jeong Narsimha Reddy John Bartlett Paul T.Smith Mercedes de la Cruz Maria Cndida Monteiro ngeles Melguizo Ester Jimnez Francisca Vicente | 2013 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2013，6，9： | 23 |
| 3 | Maintenance infliximab for Crohn’s disease: the ACCENT I randomised trial显示文摘 | Stephen B Hanauer Brian G Feagan Gary R Lichtenstein Lloyd F Mayer S Schreiber Jean Frederic Colombel Daniel Rachmilewitz Douglas C Wolf Allan Olson Weihang Bao Paul Rutgeerts | 2002 | The Lancet2002，，9317： | 6 |
| 4 | Model combining pre-transplant tumor biomarkers and tumor size shows more utility in predicting hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence and survival than the BALAD models显示文摘AIM To assess the performance of BALAD, BALAD-2 and their component biomarkers in predicting outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) patients after liver transplant.METHODS BALAD score and BALAD-2 class are derived from bilirubin, albumin, alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive AFP(AFP-L3), and des-gammacarboxyprothrombin(DCP). Pre-transplant AFP, AFP-L3 and DCP were measured in 113 patients transplanted for HCC from 2000 to 2008. Hazard ratios(HR) for recurrence and death were calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. C-statistics were used to compare biomarker-based to predictive models. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 12.2 years, 38 patients recurred and 87 died. The HRs for recurrence in patients with elevated AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP defined by BALAD cut-off values were 2.42(1.18-5.00), 1.86(0.98-3.52), and 2.83(1.42-5.61), respectively. For BALAD, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased score were 1.48(1.15-1.91) and 1.59(1.28-1.97). For BALAD-2, the HRs for recurrence and death per unit increased class were 1.45(1.06-1.98) and 1.38(1.09-1.76). For recurrence prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs. 0.64, 0.61, 0.53, and 0.53 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF, respectively. Similarly, for death prediction, the combination of three biomarkers had the highest c-statistic of 0.66 vs 0.65,0.61, 0.52, and 0.50 for BALAD, BALAD-2, Milan, and UCSF. A new model combining biomarkers with tumor size at the time of transplant(S-LAD) demonstrated the highest predictive capability with c-statistics of 0.71 and 0.69 for recurrence and death. CONCLUSION BALAD and BALAD-2 are valid in transplant HCC patients, but less predictive than the three biomarkers in combination or the three biomarkers in combination with maximal tumor diameter(S-LAD). | Nicha Wongjarupong Gabriela M Negron-Ocasio Roongruedee Chaiteerakij Benyam D Addissie Essa A Mohamed Kristin C Mara William S Harmsen J Paul Theobald Brian E Peters Joseph G Balsanek Melissa M Ward Nasra H Giama Sudhakar K Venkatesh Denise M Harnois Michael R Charlton Hiroyuki Yamada Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich Melissa R Snyder Terry M Therneau Lewis R Roberts | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，12： | 5 |
| 5 | Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade显示文摘 | Clifford R Jack David S Knopman William J Jagust Leslie M Shaw Paul S Aisen Michael W Weiner Ronald C Petersen John Q Trojanowski | 2010 | Lancet Neurology2010，，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Effective expression of small interfering RNA in human cells显示文摘 | Paul C P Good P D Winer I Engelke D R | | 0，，： | 4 |
| 7 | Efficacy of boceprevir, an NS3 protease inhibitor, in combination with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C infection (SPRINT-1): an open-label, randomised, multicentre phase 2 trial显示文摘 | Paul Y Kwo Eric J Lawitz Jonathan McCone Eugene R Schiff John M Vierling David Pound Mitchell N Davis Joseph S Galati Stuart C Gordon Natarajan Ravendhran Lorenzo Rossaro Frank H Anderson Ira M Jacobson Raymond Rubin Kenneth Koury Lisa D Pedicone Clifford | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9742： | 3 |
| 8 | A longitudinal study of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients reveals a high correlation between neutralizing antibodies and COVID-19 severity显示文摘Understanding the immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical in terms of protection against reinfection and,thus,for public health policy and vaccine development for COVID-19.In this study,using either live SARS-CoV-2 particles or retroviruses pseudotyped with the SARS-CoV-2 S viral surface protein(Spike),we studied the neutralizing antibody(nAb)response in serum samples from a cohort of 140 SARS-CoV-2 qPCR-confirmed infections,including patients with mild symptoms and also more severe forms,including those that required intensive care.We show that nAb titers correlated strongly with disease severity and with anti-spike IgG levels.Indeed,patients from intensive care units exhibited high nAb titers;conversely,patients with milder disease symptoms had heterogeneous nAb titers,and asymptomatic or exclusive outpatient-care patients had no or low nAbs.We found that nAb activity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients displayed a relatively rapid decline after recovery compared to individuals infected with other coronaviruses.Moreover,we found an absence of cross-neutralization between endemic coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2,indicating that previous infection by human coronaviruses may not generate protective nAbs against SARS-CoV-2.Finally,we found that the D614G mutation in the spike protein,which has recently been identified as the current major variant in Europe,does not allow neutralization escape.Altogether,our results contribute to our understanding of the immune correlates of SARS-CoV-2-induced disease,and rapid evaluation of the role of the humoral response in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 is warranted. | Vincent Legros Solène Denolly Manon Vogrig Bertrand Boson Eglantine Siret Josselin Rigaill Sylvie Pillet Florence Grattard Sylvie Gonzalo Paul Verhoeven Omran Allatif Philippe Berthelot Carole Pélissier Guillaume Thiery Elisabeth Botelho-Nevers Guillaume Millet Jérôme Morel Stéphane Paul Thierry Walzer François-Loïc Cosset Thomas Bourlet Bruno Pozzetto | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，2： | 3 |
| 9 | Further geological and palaeoanthropological investigations at the Maludong hominin site, Yunnan Province, Southwest China显示文摘Three-dimensional mapping and section work undertaken by us in 2008 have identified 11 stratigraphic units at Maludong site.AMS radiocarbon dating of charcoal established an accurate and internally consistent age profile for the sequence of 17.8±0.2 ka to 13.2±0.1 ka.Archaeomagnetic analysis showed changes in externally derived pedogenically enhanced material consistent with a warming in climate between the cold period of Henrich Event 1 and the B lling-Aller d interstadial.Human remains recovered during the 1989 excavation were derived from a deposit dating to this interstadial,or between 14.3±0.3 ka and 13.5±0.1 ka.Anthropogenic features,including burnt rocks,baked sediment and thick charcoal and ash layers,were identified and examined through archaeomagnetic analysis.Two monkey fossils are described here,one of them being reassigned from Macaca robustus to M.aff.M.assamensis.They confirm the young age of the site and also show signs of anthropogenic alteration in the form of burning.Additional human cranial remains are reported for the first time and new data are provided for some specimens described previously.A range of new features is identified that strengthen the affinities of the Maludong remains to archaic humans.The presence of this globally unique mosaic of archaic and modern features raises important questions about human evolutionary history in East Asia during the Late Upper Pleistocene. | JI XuePing CURNOE Darren BAO ZhenDe HERRIES Andy I R FINK David ZHU YunSheng HELLSTROM John LUO Yun TACON Paul S C | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，35： | 3 |
| 10 | Randomized controlled trial of domici-liary noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and physical train ing in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease显示文摘 | Garrod R Mikelsons C Paul E A | 2000 | Am J Respir Crit Med2000，162，： | 2 |
| 11 | Axitinib treatment in patients with cytokine-refractory metastatic renal-cell cancer: a phase II study显示文摘 | Olivier Rixe Ronald M Bukowski M Dror Michaelson George Wilding Gary R Hudes Oliver Bolte Robert J Motzer Paul Bycott Katherine F Liau James Freddo Peter C Trask Sinil Kim Brian I Rini | 2007 | Lancet Oncology2007，，： | 2 |
| 12 | Vertebroplasty versus conservative treatment in acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (Vertos II): an open-label randomised trial显示文摘 | Caroline AH Klazen Paul NM Lohle Jolanda de Vries Frits H Jansen Alexander V Tielbeek Marion C Blonk Alexander Venmans Willem Jan J van Rooij Marinus C Schoemaker Job R Juttmann Tjoen H Lo Harald JJ Verhaar Yolanda van der Graaf Kaspar J van Everdingen Al | 2010 | 2010 (9746)2010，，9746： | 2 |
| 13 | Silicon microsegregation in 14 K yellow gold jewelry alloys 显示文摘 | John C McCloskey Shankar Aitthal Paul R Welck | 2001 | Gold Bulletin2001，34，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Segmented Block Copolymers of Natural Rubber and 1,3-Butanediol-Toluene Diisocyanate Oligomers显示文摘 | Paul C J Gopinathan N M R Neelakantan N R | 1998 | Polymer1998，39，： | 1 |
| 15 | C - reactive protein levels and outcomes after statin therapy 显示文摘 | PAUL M R CHRISTOPHER P C DAVID M | 2005 | N Engl J Med2005，352，： | 1 |
| 16 | Stabilization and Preser- vation of Lactobacillus Acidophilus in Saccharide Matrices显示文摘 | PAUL B C MILLER D P PETER R C | 2000 | Cryobiology2000，41，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Genome sequence and analysis of the soil cellulolytic actinomyeete Thermobifidafusca YX 显示文摘 | Athanasios L Konstantinos M Natalia I lain A Miriam L Genevieve D Michele M Alia L Susan L Alex C Paul R David BW Nikos K | 2007 | J Bacteriol2007，189，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Characterization of chemical properties and flow parameters of powdered phenolformaldehyde resins 显示文摘 | Simon C Ellis Paul R Steiner | 1991 | Wood and Fiber Science1991，23，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Performance comparision of asynchronous and synchronous CDMA techniques for fiber-optic local area networks显示文摘 | Kwong Wing C Perrier Philippe A Prucnal Paul R | 1991 | IEEE Trans Commun1991，39，11： | 1 |
| 20 | Antibiotics: structure, biosynthesis and mode of action显示文摘 | MCAULIFFE O PAUL ROSS R C | 2001 | Microbiology Reviews2001，25，： | 1 |
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