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| 1 | Review of risk factors for human echinococcosis prevalence on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China: a prospective for control options显示文摘Objective: Echinococcosis is a major parasitic zoonosis of public health importance in western China. In 2004, the Chinese Ministry of Health estimated that 380,000 people had the disease in the region. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is highly co-endemic with both alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE). In the past years, the Chinese government has been increasing the financial support to control the diseases in this region. Therefore, it is very important to identify the significant risk factors of the diseases by reviewing studies done in the region in the past decade to help policymakers design appropriate control strategies. Review: Selection criteria for which literature to review were firstly defined. Medline, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), and Google Scholar were systematically searched for literature published between January 2000 and July 2011. Significant risk factors found by single factor and/or multiple factors analysis were listed, counted, and summarized. Literature was examined to check the comparability of the data;age and sex specific prevalence with same data structures were merged and used for further analysis. A variety of assumed social, economical, behavioral, and ecological risk factors were studied on the Plateau. Those most at risk were Tibetan herdsmen, the old and female in particular. By analyzing merged comparable data, it was found that females had a significant higher prevalence, and a positive linearity relationship existed between echinococcosis prevalence and increasing age. In terms of behavioral risk factors, playing with dogs was mostly correlated with CE and/or AE prevalence. In terms of hygiene, employing ground water as the drinking water source was significantly correlated with CE and AE prevalence. For definitive hosts, dog related factors were most frequently identified with prevalence of CE or/and AE;fox was a potential risk factor for AE prevalence only. Overgrazing and deforestation were significant for AE prevalence only. Conclusion: Tibetan herdsmen communities were at the highest risk of echinococcosis prevalence and should be the focus of echinococcosis control. Deworming both owned and stray dogs should be a major measure for controlling echinococcosis;treatment of wild definitive hosts should also be considered for AE endemic areas. Health education activities should be in concert with the local people's education backgrounds and languages in order to be able to improve behaviors. Further researches are needed to clarify the importance of wild hosts for AE/CE prevalence, the extent and range of the impacts of ecologic changes (overgrazing and deforestation) on the AE prevalence, and risk factors in Tibet. | Qian Wang Yan Huang Liang Huang Wenjie Yu Wei He Bo Zhong Wei Li Xiangman Zeng Dominique A Vuitton Patrick Giraudoux Philip S Craig Weiping Wu | 2014 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2014，3，1： | 35 |
| 2 | Impact of overgrazing on the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan pastoral communities of Sichuan Province,China显示文摘背景过度放牧被假定增加是包虫 multilocularis 的中间的主人的小哺乳动物的人口密度,在 Qinghai 西藏高原的牙槽的包虫病的病原体。这研究测试了过度放牧可能支持的假设通过增加小哺乳动物的人口的包虫 multilocularis 传播,在擦伤惯例的西藏的牧剧 communities.Methods 的中间的主人,小哺乳动物索引和狗包虫 rnultilocularis 感染数据被收集分析在用的 nonpararnetric 测试和多重逐步的逻辑 regression.Results 过度放牧和包虫 rnultilocularis 传播之间的关系调查一公社的牧场存在,可得到的牧草为放牧是缺乏的。开(普通) 牧场被过度放牧并且与附近的 fenced 相比有小哺乳动物的更高的洞穴密度(私人) 牧场;由附近的 fenced 区域测量的开的牧场上的这个高过度放牧压力在开的牧场导致了小哺乳动物的更高的洞穴密度。在开的牧场的小哺乳动物的中部的洞穴密度独立地与附近犬的包虫 multilocularis 感染被联系(P=0.003, OR=1.048 ) 过度放牧的 .Conclusion 可以通过增加小哺乳动物的人口密度支持包虫 multilocularis 的传播。 | WANG Qian XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A Vuitton Peter M Schantz Francis Raoul Christine Budke Maiza Campos-Ponce Philip S Craig Patrick Giraudoux | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007，，3： | 20 |
| 3 | Seasonal pattern of Echinococcus re-infection in owned dogs in Tibetan communities of Sichuan, China and its implications for control显示文摘Background:Human cystic echinococcosis(CE)and alveolar echinococcosis(AE)are highly endemic in Tibetan communities of Sichuan Province.Previous research in the region indicated that domestic dog was the major source of human infection,and observations indicated that domestic dog could have more access to intermediate hosts of Echinococcus spp.:both domestic livestock(CE)viscera and small mammals(AE),in early winter and again in spring.We hypothesized that there would therefore be a significant increase in the risk of canine infection with Echinococcus spp.in these two seasons and conducted a reinfection study to investigate this further.Methods:Faecal samples were collected from owned dogs in seven townships in Ganze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture(Sichuan Province,China),and Echinococcus spp.infection status was determined using copro-antigen ELISA.Dogs were sampled in April(spring),July(early summer),September/October(autumn/early winter)and December(winter)in 2009;and in April(spring)2010.Dogs were treated with praziquantel following each of the five sample collections to eliminate any tapeworms.Information on dog sex,age and body weight was also collected.The t-test,Fisher’s exact test,Poisson regression and logistic regression were used to compare means and prevalences,and to identify factors associated with infection status.Results:The proportion of female dogs was significantly lower than that of male dogs;female dogs had significantly higher(22.78%)baseline copro-ELISA prevalence than males(11.88%).Dog body weight,sex,age,county and previous infection status at any sampling point had no influence on the re-infection prevalence in general.Poisson regression did not found a significant influence on the re-infection prevalence due to different deworming/sampling time spans.Dogs exhibited significantly higher re-infection prevalences in spring and early summer of 2009 and in early winter between September/October and December of 2009,suggesting a higher infection pressure in these seasons comparing with other seasons.Conclusion:Following praziquantel treatment,dog body weight,sex,age,county,deworming time span and previous infection status at any sampling point had no influence on the re-infection prevalence in the region in general.The differences between re-infection prevalences were probably due to the seasonality in Echinoccocus spp.infection pressure in the region.Early winter,spring and early summer should be important seasons for optimal dog deworming intervention in these Tibetan communities. | Qian Wang Wen-Jie Yu Bo Zhong Jing-Ye Shang Liang Huang Alexander Mastin Renqingpengcuo Yan Huang Guang-Jia Zhang Wei He Patrick Giraudoux Wei-Ping Wu Philip S.Craig | 2016 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2016，5，1： | 15 |
| 4 | Grass height and transmission ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan communities, China显示文摘背景牙槽的包虫病是在西方的中国的公共健康意义的主要动物病。过度放牧最近为牙槽的包虫病的传播作为一个潜在的风险因素被假定。研究被设计进一步由调查过度放牧怎么影响了中间的主人的洞穴密度测试过度放牧的假设小哺乳动物并且小哺乳动物的洞穴密度怎么与狗包虫 multilocularis infection.Methods 被联系学习地点被发现了牙槽的包虫病是流行的区域的以前的研究选择。数据包括草高度,挖中间的主人的密度烘便的样品以及全球放系统(GPS ) 放的小哺乳动物,狗和狐狸,在 Shiqu 县从领域调查被收集,四川省,中国。烘便的样品用 copro-PCR 被分析。在烘便的样品的蠕虫,牙齿,骨头和头发视觉上被检验。包括 chi 平方和概括线性模型的单个因素和 multifactor 分析工具被把草高度用作在同质的牧场擦伤压力的一个代理用于这些 data.Results ,在导致的牧场发现那棵更高的草的这研究降低小哺乳动物的洞穴密度 X^2=A.67O , P=0.031 , coefficient=-1.570 )。在狗的包虫 multilocularis 蠕虫负担是显著地统计上与中介的最大的密度有关招待 Ochotona spp。(X^2=5.250, P=0.022, coefficient=0.028 ) 。在拥有的狗的流行断然被相关到在 200 米半径以内看见的迷路的狗的数字(Wald X^2=8.375, P=0.004,机会 ratio=1.198 ) 。结论我们的调查结果支持过度放牧支持的假设牙槽的包虫病的传播并且在牙槽的包虫病的传播证实迷路的狗的角色。 | WANG Qian Francis Raoul Christine Budke Philip S. Craig XIAO Yong-fu, Dominique A. Vuitton,Maiza Campos-Ponce, QIU Dong-chuan, David Pleydell and Patrick Giraudoux XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A. Vuitton Maiza Campos-Ponce QIU Dong-chuan David Pleydell Patrick Giraudoux | 2010 | Chinese Medical Journal2010，，1： | 12 |
| 5 | 四川西部石渠地区夏季藏狐巢穴选择的生境分析显示文摘通过对四川石渠地区夏季藏狐洞穴生境选择的研究 ,以水源距离、洞口朝向、坡向、坡度、坡位、植被类型及鼠兔和鼠类洞穴等 7项指标为变量 ,运用主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法对收集到的 5 4个藏狐洞穴样本进行了分析。主成分分析在 4个主成分下达到 85 %的显著性。在第一主成分中水源距离、坡度和坡位是重要的影响变量 ,在另外 3个主成分中鼠类洞穴数量以及植被类型两变量也非常重要。聚类分析显示 ,5 4个洞穴样本在 3个水平上聚成 5类。藏狐易于选择草甸地带 ,中缓坡和低坡位 ,坡向多为阳坡或半阳坡 ,水源距离小于5 0 0m的地方筑巢 ,其穴口朝向多位于 135°~ 36 0°之间。此外 ,鼠兔和鼠类洞穴在藏狐洞穴样方内的出现 ,但数量变异较大 ,揭示小型哺乳动物和藏狐之间可能存在着复杂的相互关系。通过对四川石渠地区夏季藏狐洞穴生境选择的研究 ,以水源距离、洞口朝向、坡向、坡度、坡位、植被类型及鼠兔和鼠类洞穴等 7项指标为变量 ,运用主成分分析和聚类分析相结合的方法对收集到的 5 4个藏狐洞穴样本进行了分析。主成分分析在 4个主成分下达到 85 %的显著性。在第一主成分中水源距离、坡度和坡位是重要的影响变量 ,在另外 3个主成分中鼠类洞穴数量以及植被类型两变量也非常重要。聚类分析显示 ,5 | 王正寰 王小明 吴巍 Patrick Giraudoux 邱加闽 高桥健一 Philip S Crai | 2003 | 兽类学报2003，23，1： | 10 |
| 6 | 包虫病手术患者1312例流行病学资料分析显示文摘目的了解青藏高原包虫病的分布特点。方法对1992-2006年的1312例包虫病手术患者的相关资料进行分析。结果囊型和泡型包虫病均有分布。患者主要集中于21~50岁,20岁以下的患者相对较少,以藏族为主。囊型包虫病分布于四川省甘孜州和阿坝州的17个县以及青海省果洛州的5个县,而泡型包虫病同时分布于其中的大部分地区。结论囊型和泡型包虫病同时流行于四川省的西北部和青海省的东南部。 | 仁真 李调英 廖万明 陈兴旺 赵晓东 肖宁 喻晓慧 张西春 Akira Ito 邱加闽 Patrick Giraudoux Philip S Craig | 2008 | 寄生虫病与感染性疾病2008，6，3： | 8 |
| 7 | Priorities for research and control of cestode zoonoses in Asia显示文摘Globally,cestode zoonoses cause serious public health problems,particularly in Asia.Among all neglected zoonotic diseases,cestode zoonoses account for over 75%of global disability adjusted life years(DALYs)lost.An international symposium on cestode zoonoses research and control was held in Shanghai,China between 28th and 30th October 2012 in order to establish joint efforts to study and research effective approaches to control these zoonoses.It brought together 96 scientists from the Asian region and beyond to exchange ideas,report on progress,make a gap analysis,and distill prioritizing settings with a focus on the Asian region.Key objectives of this international symposium were to agree on solutions to accelerate progress towards decreasing transmission,and human mortality and morbidity caused by the three major cestode zoonoses(cystic echinococcosis,alveolar echinococcosis,and cysticercosis);to critically assess the potential to control these diseases;to establish a research and validation agenda on existing and new approaches;and to report on novel tools for the study and control of cestode zoonoses. | Ning Xiao Jia-Wen Yao Wei Ding Patrick Giraudoux Philip S Craig Akira Ito | 2013 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2013，2，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Modeling Human Blockers in Millimeter Wave Radio Links显示文摘In this paper, we investigate the loss caused by multiple humans blocking millimeter wave frequencies. We model human blockers as absorbing screens of infinite height with two knife-edges. We take a physical optics approach to computing the diffraction around the absorbing screens. This approach differs to the geometric optics approach described in much of the literature. The blocking model is validated by measuring the gain from multiple-human blocking configurations on an indoor link. The blocking gains predicted using Piazzi's numerical integration method (a physical optics method) agree well with measurements taken from approximately 2.7 dB to -50 dB. Thereofre, this model is suitable for real human blockers. The mean prediction error for the method is approximately -1.2 dB, and the standard deviation is approximately 5 dB. | Jonathan S. Lu Daniel Steinbach Patrick Cabrol Philip Pietraski | 2012 | ZTE Communications2012，10，4： | 3 |
| 9 | Brain MRI of hippocampal volumetry in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy显示文摘Objective To detect for hippocampal sclerosis presurgically in a group of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy Methods Eighty four consecutive patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy were subjected to brain MRI of hippocampal volumetry A ratio of smaller to larger hippocampal volume was determined and unilateral hippocampal atrophy (HA) was diagnosed if the ratio is less than 0 91 Results Unilateral HA was diagnosed in 42 patients (50%) and bilateral HA in 1 patient Other MRI abnormalities were detected in 18 patients with or without coexisting HA Conclusions Hippocampal sclerosis can be detected presurgically in many patients by brain MRI Additional abnormalities not detected by brain CT can also be | Ka Kui Philip Ng, Kwok Wing Tang, Yuk Ling James Cheung and Patrick Chung Ki Li | 2000 | Chinese Medical Journal2000，，3： | 3 |
| 10 | 一种房颤风险评分系统的建立(Framingham心脏研究):基于社区的队列研究显示文摘背景房颤导致了发病率和病死率的显著上升。本研究旨在建立一种预测个体罹患房颤绝对风险的风险评分系统,并提供研究人员评价新危险因素的流程。方法作者评估了Framingham心脏研究中于1968年6月至1987年9月间进行了8044次检测的4764例参与者(55%为女性,年龄45~95岁)。此后,参与者被随访至房颤首发,随访期最长达10年。多变量Coxi回归确认出1(1年内罹患房颤的临床危险因素。次级分析纳入了常规超声心动图检测指标(5152例4参与者,7156次检测)对房颤风险进行再分层评估,并评价超声检测指标能否提高风险预测能力。结果4764例参与者中的457例4(10%)罹患房颤。年龄、性别、体重指数、收缩压、降压治疗、PR间期、有临床意义的心脏杂音及心力衰竭与房颤相关,并被纳入了风险评分模型(除体重指数P=0.08外,其余均为P〈0.05),模型的C统计量为0.78(95%CI0.76~0.80)。10年房颤风险随年龄变化:年龄〈65岁的人群中53例(1%)风险高于15%,而〉65岁的人群中为783例(27%)。为提高预测能力而纳入超声检测指标仅使模型C统计量略微增高,由0.78(95%C10.75~0.80)增至0.79(95%CI0.77~0.82:P=0.005)。超声心动图检测指标并不能改善风险再分层评估(P=0.18)。结论基于社区医疗中易得的临床因素建立的风险评分系统,有助于确认社区个体罹患房颤的风险,评估技术或标志物能否改善风险预测,以及针对高危个体采取预防措施。 | Renate B Schnabel Lisa M Sullivan Daniel Levy Michael J Pencina Joseph M Massaro Ralph B D'Agostino Sr Christopher Newton-Cheh Jennifer F Yamamoto Jared W Magnani Thomas M Tadros William B Kannel Thomas J Wang Patrick T Ellinor Philip A Wolf Ramachanclran S Vasan Emelia J Benjamin 黄刚(译) | 2009 | 世界临床医学2009，，9： | 2 |
| 11 | Development of a risk assessment tool for deliberate self-extubation in intensive care patients显示文摘 | Philip Moons Kristine Sels Wilfried Becker Sabina Geest Patrick Ferdinande | 2004 | Intensive Care Medicine2004，，7： | 2 |
| 12 | 中国中部寄生虫病的景观控制(英文)显示文摘多房棘球绦虫(Echinococcus multilocularis)的幼虫期导致罕见而致命的肝病即人类的泡型包虫病(HAE)。绦虫在狐狸(或狗类)与一些小型哺乳类动物之间以寄生虫-寄主的方式进行循环传播。中国中部一些地区的人类泡型包虫病属于地方流行病,在部分乡村的发生概率达到15%。本文研究如何利用遥感数据并基于地区景观特性获取该流行病清晰地空间危害分布图。遥感数据分析的结果显示,人类居住地附近的草地或灌木是HAE传播的一个主要危险区域,从空间分布上看,这些区域是小型哺乳动物等中间寄主的聚集处。 | F. Mark Danson Patrick Giraudoux David Pleydell Philip S. Craig | 2007 | 遥感学报2007，11，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Prevalence of autoantibodies and the risk of autoimmune thyroid disease in children with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with interferon-α显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected children focusing on thyroid autoimmunity. METHODS: We investigated the prevalence of auto- antibodies in 123 chronic HCV-infected children before, during and after monotherapy with interferon-alpha (IFN-α) or combined treatment with interferon-α or peginterferon-α and ribavirin. Besides antibodies against smooth muscle (SMA), nuclei (ANA), and liver/kidney microsomes (LKM), the incidence of anti- thyroid peroxidase antibodies as well as thyroid function parameters (TSH, FT3 and FT4) were determined. RESULTS: We found that 8% of children had autoantibodies before treatment. During treatment, 18% of children were found positive for at least one autoantibody; 15.5% of children developed pathologic thyroid values during IFN-α treatment compared to only one child before therapy. Six children had to be substituted while developing laboratory signs of hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate a strong correlation between interferon-α treatment and autoimmune phenomena, notably the emergence of thyroid antibodies. The fact that some children required hormone replacement underlines the need of close monitoring in particularly those who respond to therapy and have to be treated for more than 6 mo. | Stephan Gehring Ulrike Kullmer Sabine Koeppelmann Patrick Gerner Philip Wintermeyer Stefan Wirth | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，36： | 2 |
| 14 | Psychological benefits of greenspace increase with biodiversity显示文摘 | Fuller Richard A Irvine Katherine N Devine-Wright Patrick Warren Philip H Gaston Kevin J | 2007 | Biology Letters2007，，4： | 2 |
| 15 | Self-extubation risk assessment tool:predictive validity in a real-life setting显示文摘 | Philip M Marion B Patrick F | 2008 | Nursing in Critical Care2008，13，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Formanilide and carbanilide from aniline and carbon dioxide 显示文摘 | Munshi Pradip Heldebrant David J McKoon Erin P Kelly Patrick A Tai Chih-Cheng Jessop Philip G | 2003 | Tetrahedron Letters2003，44，： | 1 |
| 17 | Differences in Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-12 Transcript Levels Among Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques With Different Histopathological Characteristics显示文摘 | Angharad R. Morgan Kittipan Rerkasem Patrick J. Gallagher Baiping Zhang Gareth E. Morris Philip C. Calder Robert F. Grimble Per Eriksson William L. McPheat Clifford P. Shearman Shu Ye | 2004 | Stroke: Journal of the American Heart Association2004，，6： | 1 |
| 18 | ‘Orchestrating’ sustainable crowdsourcing: A characterisation of solver brokerages显示文摘 | Joseph Feller Patrick Finnegan Jeremy Hayes Philip O’Reilly | 2012 | Journal of Strategic Information Systems2012，，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Development of a risk assessment tool for deliberate self-extubation in intensive care patients显示文摘 | Philip Moons Kristine Sels Wilfried Becker Sabina Geest Patrick Ferdinande | 2004 | Intensive Care Medicine2004，，7： | 1 |
| 20 | New antituberculosis drugs, regimens, and adjunct therapies: needs, advances, and future prospects显示文摘 | Alimuddin I Zumla Stephen H Gillespie Michael Hoelscher Patrick P J Philips Stewart T Cole Ibrahim Abubakar Timothy D McHugh Marco Schito Markus Maeurer Andrew J Nunn | 2014 | The Lancet Infectious Diseases2014，，4： | 1 |
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