| 1 | Subaquatic volcanic eruptions in continental facies and their influence on high quality source rocks shown by the volcanic rocks of a faulted depression in Northeast China显示文摘This paper reports the analysis on cores and rock slices,data on seismic and logging activities,characteristics of core samples,and the paleogeographic background of the Yingcheng Formation of the Xujiaweizi faulted depression in the Songliao Basin.The results show that some of the volcanic rocks were formed during subaquatic eruptions.These subaqueous volcanic rocks are further characterized by the interbedded black mudstone and tuffite,the presence of double-layer perlite enclosing aphyric or sparsely phyric rhyolite,the presence of a bentonite layer,and the coefficient of oxidation(Fe2O3/FeO).The types of rocks are volcanic breccia,lava breccias,perlite,rhyolite,tuff and sedimentary tuff.The subaquatic eruptions are distributed mainly in Wangjiatun,Shengping,Xuxi,Xuzhong,and Xudong.The XS-1 area is the most typical.The organic abundance of overburden mud rocks within the volcanic rocks of the Yingcheng Formation indicates that these rocks represent high-quality source rocks.The analysis also shows that continental subaquatic volcanic eruptions provide a rich supply of minerals and energies for the lake basin and increase the organic matter content in the water.Moreover,the water differentiation provides a good reducing environment for the conservation of organic matter,and is beneficial for the formation of high-quality source rocks.Finally,we propose a hypothesis to describe the mode of subaquatic eruptions and the formation of high-quality source rocks. | SHAN XuanLong LI JiYan CHEN ShuMin RAN QingChang CHEN GuiBiao LIU Chao | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，11： | 6 |
| 2 | Benefits of tributyrin on growth performance,gastrointestinal tract development,ruminal bacteria and volatile fatty acid formation of weaned Small-Tailed Han lambs显示文摘This study aimed to determine the effects of tributyrin on growth performance,gastrointestinal tract development,ruminal bacteria and volatile fatty acid(VFA)formation.Thirty healthy weaned SmallTailed Han female lambs at 3 months old with BW 27.5±4.1 kg(mean±SD)were randomly assigned to five groups of six lambs each,and each group received tributyrin at 0,0.5,1.0,2.0 and 4.0 g/kg in feed.Weights were measured before the start and end of the study.After 15 d adaptation,DMI,feed,faeces and urine were recorded every week.Lambs were sacrificed at d 75.Compared to lambs fed no tributyrin,lambs fed 4.0 g/kg tributyrin had higher average daily BW gain(P=0.04)and DMI(P<0.01).Tributyrin reduced nitrogen(P<0.01),Ca(P<0.01)and P(P<0.01)losses derived from faeces and urine.The mostly important,tributyrin increased dorsal sac thickness(P<0.01),papillae length(P=0.04)and width(P<0.01),ventral sac papillae length(P<0.01)and width(P<0.01),caudodorsal blind sac thickness(P=0.02),papillae length(P<0.01)and width(P<0.01).Furthermore,tributyrin increased thicknesses of both the duodenum(P<0.01)and ileum(P=0.01),and villus heights of the duodenum(P=0.01),ileum(P<0.01),jejunum(P<0.01)and caecum(P=0.02),but tributyrin decreased duodenal(P<0.01)and caecal crypt depths(P<0.01).Tributyrin reduced rumen pH(P<0.01)while promoting total VFA concentration(P<0.01).Tributyrin improved the structure of rumen bacteria by enhancing Clostridium(P=0.04),Butyrivibrio(P<0.01),Streptococcus(P=0.04),Prevotella(P=0.04),Ruminobacter(P=0.02)and Fibrobacter(P=0.03).In conclusion,tributyrin could stimulate gastrointestinal tract development by enhancing colonization of rumen VFA-producing bacteria,and dietary supplementation of tributyrin at 4.0 g/kg of DM was recommended for the weaned lambs. | Zhiwei Li Xueer Wang Wei Wang Ran An Yaxin Wang Qingchang Ren Jingjing Xuan | 2023 | Animal Nutrition2023，，4： | 0 |
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