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| 1 | Abdominal applications of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: Where do we stand?显示文摘Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is one of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences providing qualitative as well as quantitative information at a cellular level. It has been widely used for various applications in the central nervous system. Over the past decade, various extracranial applications of DWI have been increasingly explored, as it may detect changes even before signal alterations or morphological abnormalities become apparent on other pulse sequences. Initial results from abdominal MRI applications are promising, particularly in oncological settings and for the detection of abscesses. The purpose of this article is to describe the clinically relevant basic concepts of DWI, techniques to perform abdominal DWI, its analysis and applications in abdominal visceral MR imaging, in addition to a brief overview of whole body DWI MRI. | Ajaykumar C Morani Khaled M Elsayes Peter S Liu William J Weadock Janio Szklaruk Jonathan Russell Dillman Asra Khan Thomas L Chenevert Hero K Hussain | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，3： | 12 |
| 2 | 国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足溃疡分类指南——《国际糖尿病足工作组:糖尿病足防治国际指南(2019)》的一部分显示文摘国际糖尿病足工作组(IWGDF)自1999年以来一直以循证为基础发布糖尿病足病的预防和管理指南。本文中针对日常临床工作中糖尿病足溃疡的分类提出了新指南,并对既有的分类进行了综述。新指南只对现患糖尿病足溃疡进行分类,不包括用于定义未来溃疡风险的分类系统。本指南的制定是基于对现有文献的综述以及专家对最大程度影响临床结局的8个关键因素的鉴定。分类级别是根据关键因素的数量、内部和外部有效性验证以及使用意向而制定的。判定分类评分的关键因素有3种:患者相关的因素(终末期肾衰竭)、肢体相关的因素(周围动脉病变和保护性感觉丧失)和溃疡相关的因素(面积、深度、部位、单发或多发以及感染)。特殊分类系统要考虑以下5种临床情况:①卫生专业人员之间交流;②预测单个溃疡预后;③对个案临床决策的辅助;④伤口评估,有感染或无感染及周围动脉病变(评估灌注及血管重建的潜在益处);⑤用于地方、区域或国家人群结局的稽查。指南推荐:①医务人员之间交流使用SINBAD系统。②无适用于预测个体溃疡预后的分类。③感染的评估采用美国传染病学会/国际糖尿病足工作组(IDSA/IWGDF)分类系统。④评估灌注及血管重建的潜在获益使用创面、缺血、足感染(WIfI)系统。⑤人群结局的稽查使用SINBAD系统。 | Matilde Monteiro-Soares David Russell Edward J Boyko William Jeffcoate Joseph L Mills Stephan Morbach Fran Game 无 王爱红(译) 冉兴无(审校) | 2019 | 感染.炎症.修复2019，20，4： | 10 |
| 3 | Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide显示文摘Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral approach.However,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can occur.The most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural failure.The incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment used.An antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm intervention.However,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be advantageous.This review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting. | Emma M Coghill Timothy Johnson Russell E Morris Ian L Megson Stephen J Leslie | 2020 | World Journal of Cardiology2020，12，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Preoperative immunonutrition in patients undergoing liver resection:A prospective randomized trial显示文摘BACKGROUND Preoperative supplementation with immunonutrients, including arginine and n-3 fatty acids, has been shown in a number of systematic reviews to reduce infectious complications in patients who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery. Limited information, however, is available on the benefits of nutritional supplementation enriched with arginine and n-3 fatty acids in patients undergoing liver resection.AIM To evaluate the effects of preoperative nutritional supplementation enriched with arginine and n-3 fatty acids on inflammatory and immunologic markers and clinical outcome in patients undergoing liver resection.METHODS Thirty-four patients undergoing liver resection were randomized to either five days of preoperative Impact? [1020 kcal/d, immunonutrition(IMN) group], or standard care [no supplementation, standard care(STD) group]. Nutritional status was measured at study entry by subjective global assessment(SGA).Functional assessments(grip strength, fatigue and performance status) were carried out at study entry, on the day prior to surgery, and on postoperative day(POD) 7 and 30. Inflammatory and immune markers were measured at study entry, on the day prior to surgery, and POD 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 30. Postoperative complications were recorded prospectively until POD30.RESULTS A total of 32 patients(17 IMN and 15 STD) were analysed. All except four patients were SGA class A. The plasma ratio of(eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid) to arachidonic acid was higher in IMN patients on the day prior to surgery and POD 1, 3, 5 and 7(P < 0.05). Plasma interleukin(IL)-6 concentrations were elevated in the IMN group(P = 0.017 for POD7). No treatment effect was detected for functional measures, immune response(white cell count and total lymphocytes) or markers of inflammation(C-reactive protein,tumour necrosis factor-α, IL-8, IL-10). There were 10 patients with infectious complications in the IMN group and 4 in the STD group(P = 0.087). Median hospital stay was 9(range 4–49) d in the IMN group and 8(3-34) d in the STD group(P = 0.476).CONCLUSION In well-nourished patients undergoing elective liver resection, this study failed to show any benefit of preoperative immunonutrition. | Kylie Russell Han-Guang Zhang Lyn K GillANDers Adam SJR Bartlett Helena L Fisk Philip C Calder Peter J Swan Lindsay D Plank | 2019 | World Journal of Hepatology2019，11，3： | 3 |
| 5 | Increasing diabetes self-management education in community settings显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Phyllis J Nichols Carl J Caspersen Russell E Glasgow Michael M Engelgau Leonard Jack Susan R Snyder Vilma G Carande-Kulis George Isham Sanford Garfield Peter Briss David McCulloch | 2002 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2002，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Linkage of autosomal recessive lamellar ichthyosis to chromosome 14q 显示文摘 | RUSSELL L J DIGIOVANNA J J HASHEM N | 1994 | Am J HumGenet1994，55，： | 1 |
| 7 | Inducible expression of an antibiotic peptide gene in lipopolysaccharide-challenged tracheal epithelial cells 显示文摘 | RUSSELL J P BEVINS C L | 1996 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1996，93，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase Ⅱ in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nucle显示文摘 | DIGNAM J D RUSSELL M L ROEDER R G | 1993 | Nucleic Acids Res1993，12，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Judgment of fit in the selection process: the role of work-value congruence 显示文摘 | ADKINS C L RUSSEL C J WERBEL J D | 1994 | Personnel Psychology1994，47，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Biologic and Quality of Life Outcomes From the Mediterranean Life style Pro- gram显示文摘 | Deborah J Janice L Russell E | 2003 | Diabetes Care2003，，26： | 1 |
| 11 | Anti -human immunod-efficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)activity of 2'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyarabi-nosyladenine (F-ddA) used in combination with other mechanistically diverse inhibitors of HIV-1 replication显示文摘 | Russell J D Pallansch L A | 1999 | Antivir Chem Chemother1999，10，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Technology Development for a mm-Wave Sheet-Beam Traveling-Wave Tube显示文摘 | Carlsten B E Russell S J Earley L M | 2005 | IEEE Transaction on Plasma Science2005，33，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Long-term safety and effi- cacy of oral eltrombopag for the treatment of subjects with idiopath- ic thrombocytopenie purpura(ITP) :preliminary data from the EX- TEND study 显示文摘 | Russel J B Cheng G Kovaleva L | 2007 | Blood ( ASH Annual Mecting Abstracts)2007，110，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Pharmacokinetics and antiviral activity of a novel isonucleoside,BMS-181165, against simian varicella virus infection in African green monkeys显示文摘 | SOIKE K F HUANG J L RUSSELL J W | 1994 | Antivi- ral Res1994，23，34： | 1 |
| 15 | 显示文摘 | Charlier Y Hedrick J L Russell T P | 1995 | Polymer1995，36，： | 1 |
| 16 | Plant nutrient efficiency : A comparison of definitions and suggested improvement 显示文摘 | Gourley J P Allan D L Russelle M P | 1994 | Plant and Soil1994，158，： | 1 |
| 17 | Left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by echocardiography 显示文摘 | Pombo J F Troy B L Russell R O Jr | 1971 | Circulation1971，43，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Direct measurement of optical phase in the near field 显示文摘 | Knight J C Pottage J M Kakarantzas G Russell P St J | 2000 | Applied Physics Letters2000，76，5： | 1 |
| 19 | An extensive 3' regulatory region controls expression of Bmp5 in specific anatomical structures of the mouse embryo显示文摘 | DiLeone R J Russell L B Kingsley D M | 1998 | Genetics1998，148，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Ultrahigh-density nanowire arrays grown in self-assembled diblock copolymer templates显示文摘 | TURN A T SCHOTTER J KAESTLE G A EMLEY N SHIBAUCHI T KRUSIN E L GUARINI K BLACK C T TUOMINEN M T RUSSELL T P | 2000 | Science2000，290，5499： | 1 |
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