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| 1 | 反相高效液相色谱法测定有机氯及含氮杀虫剂在水体·土壤沉积物及鱼体中的残留(摘要)(英文)显示文摘[目的]测定水体、土壤沉积物以及鱼体内有机氯及含氮杀虫剂残留物,为科学评估杀虫剂残留对巴基斯坦地区公共卫生、农业和环境的影响提供依据。[方法]以食用鱼南亚野鲮为材料,设计2组体重,采用高效液相色谱法分别测定水体、土壤沉积物以及南亚野鲮体内α-硫丹、DDE、甲基对硫磷、异丙隆、呋喃丹、阿特拉津等含量。[结果]土壤沉积物中DDE的含量达(2.340±0.025)μg/g,在250 ~750 g的南亚野鲮体内的含量分别为(0.270 ±0.000 6)μg/g,但在水体中未发现DDE残留;不同饲料中农药残留物90%为有机磷、呋喃丹以及有机氯杀虫剂,6%为杀菌剂,仅4%为除草剂,在250 ~750 g以及800 ~1 300 g的南亚野鲮体内硫丹的含量分别达到(0.491±0.000 6)μg/g和(3.050±0.060 8)μg/g,异丙隆的含量分别达到(0.010±0.0003)μg/g和(0.014±0.000 6)μg/g,且随体重上升,其脂肪含量增加,积累的农药残留物则越多;硫丹、甲基对硫磷、阿特拉津和呋喃丹的含量在水体达到最大残留限量水平0.001μg/g。[结论]通过生物积累和在自然界中的运输以及再沉积作用,有机氯及其他杀虫剂的使用给全球的环境造成了严重污染,因此,在巴基斯坦已经禁止使用DDT等有机氯农药。 | Shahid Mahboob Ghazala S.Sultana Muhammad Rafique Asi S.Nadeem A.S.Chaudhry | 2009 | Agricultural Science & Technology2009，10，5： | 9 |
| 2 | Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization of Multistage Ground-launched Boost Phase Interceptor Using Hybrid Search Algorithm显示文摘This article proposes a multidisciplinary design and optimization (MDO) strategy for the conceptual design of a multistage ground-based interceptor (GBI) using hybrid optimization algorithm,which associates genetic algorithm (GA) as a global optimizer with sequential quadratic programming (SQP) as a local optimizer.The interceptor is comprised of a three-stage solid propulsion system for an exoatmospheric boost phase intercept (BPI).The interceptor's duty is to deliver a kinetic kill vehicle (KKV) to the optimal position in space to accomplish the mission of intercept.The modules for propulsion,aerodynamics,mass properties and flight dynamics are integrated to produce a high fidelity model of the entire vehicle.The propulsion module comprises of solid rocket motor (SRM) grain design,nozzle geometry design and performance prediction analysis.Internal ballistics and performance prediction parameters are calculated by using lumped parameter method.The design objective is to minimize the gross lift off mass (GLOM) of the interceptor under the mission constraints and performance objectives.The proposed design and optimization methodology provide designers with an efficient and powerful approach in computation during designing interceptor systems. | Qasim Zeeshan Khurram Nisar Ali Kamran Amer Rafique | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2010，23，2： | 8 |
| 3 | Model design and structure research for integration system of energy, information and transportation networks based on ANP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation显示文摘For lack of deep research on model, system structure and top-level design, the integrated system concept of energy, information and transportation networks fails to provide effective guidance for transferring the theory to practice. In this paper, with dispatching of energy flow and information flow as a focus, clean energy of wind power and solar power as carrier, battery charging & swapping station as medium and all kinds of transportation flows as entity, a five-in-one threenetwork integrated system model is built by full use of technologies of Internet of Vehicles(IOV) and Internet of things(IOT) to promote the innovative concept of three-network integration into practice, and provide a reference for future researches. | Tianjing Wu Shaohua Liu Ming Ni Yong Zhao Pei Shen Syed Furqan Rafique | 2018 | Global Energy Interconnection2018，1，2： | 7 |
| 4 | 电纺PAN纳米纤维的碳化工艺研究显示文摘研究了电纺方法制备的聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维的碳化工艺。利用热重/差热(TG/DTA)分析仪对其升温过程中的物理化学反应过程进行了分析,讨论了在空气和氮气两种氛围内原纤维的热氧化、分解过程,发现在290℃附近PAN纤维发生强烈的氧化反应,温度达到930℃时,原纤维几乎完全转化为碳纤维。利用扫描电镜(SEM)和Raman光谱仪对不同温度下稳定化和碳化处理得到PAN基碳纤维进行了深入的研究,得到了电纺PAN原纤维碳化的工艺规律。 | 于记良 Javed Rafique 于杰 | 2007 | 广州化工2007，35，3： | 4 |
| 5 | Hyper Heuristic Approach for Design and Optimization of Satellite Launch Vehicle显示文摘Satellite launch vehicle lies at the cross-road of multiple challenging technologies and its design and optimization present a typical example of multidisciplinary design and optimization(MDO) process.The complexity of problem demands highly effi-cient and effective algorithm that can optimize the design.Hyper heuristic approach(HHA) based on meta-heuristics is applied to the optimization of air launched satellite launch vehicle(ASLV).A non-learning random function(NLRF) is proposed to con-trol low-level meta-heuristics(LLMHs) that increases certainty of global solution,an essential ingredient required in product conceptual design phase of aerospace systems.Comprehensive empirical study is performed to evaluate the performance advan-tages of proposed approach over popular non-gradient based optimization methods.Design of ASLV encompasses aerodynamics,propulsion,structure,stages layout,mass distribution,and trajectory modules connected by multidisciplinary feasible design approach.This approach formulates explicit system-level goals and then forwards the design optimization process entirely over to optimizer.This distinctive approach for launch vehicle system design relieves engineers from tedious,iterative task and en-ables them to improve their component level models.Mass is an impetus on vehicle performance and cost,and so it is considered as the core of vehicle design process.Therefore,gross launch mass is to be minimized in HHA. | Amer Farhan RAFIQUE HE Linshu Ali KAMRAN Qasim ZEESHAN | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2011，24，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Recent Advances and Challenges Toward Application of Fibers and Textiles in Integrated Photovoltaic Energy Storage Devices显示文摘Flexible microelectronic devices have seen an increasing trend toward development of miniaturized,portable,and integrated devices as wearable electronics which have the requirement for being light weight,small in dimension,and suppleness.Traditional three-dimensional(3D)and two-dimensional(2D)electronics gadgets fail to effectively comply with these necessities owing to their stiffness and large weights.Investigations have come up with a new family of one-dimensional(1D)flexible and fiber-based electronic devices(FBEDs)comprising power storage,energy-scavenging,implantable sensing,and flexible displays gadgets.However,development and manufacturing are still a challenge owing to their small radius,flexibility,low weight,weave ability and integration in textile electronics.This paper will provide a detailed review on the importance of substrates in electronic devices,intrinsic property requirements,fabrication classification and applications in energy harvesting,energy storage and other flexible electronic devices.Fiber-and textile-based electronic devices for bulk/scalable fabrications,encapsulation,and testing are reviewed and presented future research ideas to enhance the commercialization of these fiber-based electronics devices. | Amjid Rafique Isabel Ferreira Ghulam Abbas Ana Catarina Baptista | 2023 | Nano-Micro Letters2023，15，3： | 3 |
| 7 | Room temperature ferromagnetism of Si-doped ZnO thin films prepared by sol-gel method显示文摘Pure ZnO and Si-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on quartz substrate by using sol-gel spin coating process. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that all the thin films have hexagonal wurtzite structure and preferred c-axis orientation. Si-doped ZnO films show room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) and reach the maximum saturation magnetization value of 1.54 kAm-1 at 3% Siconcentration. RTFM of Si-doped ZnO decreases with the increasing annealing temperature because of the formation of SiO 2 . Photoluminescence measurements suggest that the RTFM in Si-doped ZnO can be attributed to the defect complex related to zinc vacancies V Zn and oxygen interstitials Oi . | M. Hassan Farooq Hai-Ling Yang Xiao-Guang Xu Cong-Jun Ran Jun Miao M. Yasir Rafique Li-Qing Pan Yong Jiang | 2013 | Rare Metals2013，32，2： | 2 |
| 8 | H^+,N^+和Ar^+离子束辐射诱导碳纳米结构的变化(英文)显示文摘在室温和高温下,以不同辐射剂量的H+、N+和Ar+离子辐照多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线。利用透射电镜和拉曼光谱研究多壁碳纳米管和无定形碳纳米线的结构变化及损伤。以70keV N+离子束辐射多壁碳纳米管在室温下可形成无定形碳纳米线。1000K下70keV的H+离子束照射导致无定形碳纳米线向金刚石结构转变。离子辐照多壁碳纳米管的有序程度足够高,70keV的N+和Ar+离子能够引起碳从多壁碳纳米管的剥落。离子辐射能够为缺陷的转化提供必需的动力学驱动力。 | A Ishaq Shahid Iqbal Naveed Ali A A Khurram A U Akrajas C F Dee Shahzad Naseem H M Rafique Yan Long | 2013 | 新型炭材料2013，28，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Effect of fluence and ambient environment on the surface and structural modification of femtosecond laser irradiated Ti显示文摘Under certain conditions, ultrafast pulsed laser interaction with matter leads to the formation of self-organized conical as well as periodic surface structures(commonly reffered to as, laser induced periodic surface structures, LIPSS). The purpose of the present investigations is to explore the effect of fsec laser fluence and ambient environments(Vacuum &O_2) on the formation of LIPSS and conical structures on the Ti surface. The surface morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscope(SEM). The ablation threshold with single and multiple(N = 100) shots and the existence of an incubation effect was demonstrated by SEM investigations for both the vacuum and the O_2 environment. The phase analysis and chemical composition of the exposed targets were performed by x-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy(EDS), respectively. SEM investigations reveal the formation of LIPSS(nano & micro). FFT d-spacing calculations illustrate the dependence of periodicity on the fluence and ambient environment. The periodicity of nano-scale LIPSS is higher in the case of irradiation under vacuum conditions as compared to O_2. Furthermore, the O2 environment reduces the ablation threshold. XRD data reveal that for the O_2 environment, new phases(oxides of Ti) are formed. EDS analysis exhibits that after irradiation under vacuum conditions, the percentage of impurity element(Al) is reduced. The irradiation in the O_2 environment results in 15% atomic diffusion of oxygen. | Umm-i-Kalsoom Shazia Bashir Nisar Ali M Shahid Rafique Wolfgang Husinsky Chandra S R Nathala Sergey V Makarov Narjis Begum | 2016 | Chinese Physics B2016，25，1： | 2 |
| 10 | Ultrafast low-pump fluence all-optical modulation based on graphene-metal hybrid metasurfaces显示文摘Graphene is an attractive material for all-optical modulation because of its ultrafast optical response and broad spectral coverage.However,all-optical graphene modulators reported so far require high pump fluence due to the ultrashort photo-carrier lifetime and limited absorption in graphene.We present modulator designs based on graphene-metal hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces with highly enhanced light-graphene interaction in the nanoscale hot spots at pump and probe(signal)wavelengths.Based on this design concept,we have demonstrated high-speed all-optical modulators at near and mid-infrared wavelengths(1.56μm and above 6μm)with significantly reduced pump fluence(1–2 orders of magnitude)and enhanced optical modulation.Ultrafast near-infrared pump-probe measurement results suggest that the modulators’response times are ultimately determined by graphene’s ultrafast photocarrier relaxation times on the picosecond scale.The proposed designs hold the promise to address the challenges in the realization of ultrafast all-optical modulators for mid-and far-infrared wavelengths. | Ali Basiri Md Zubair Ebne Rafique Jing Bai Shinhyuk Choi Yu Yao | 2022 | Light(Science & Applications)2022，11，5： | 2 |
| 11 | Timing of metamorphism and deformation in the Swat valley, northern Pakistan:Insight into garnet-monazite HREE partitioning显示文摘New metamorphic petrology and geochronology from the Loe Sar dome in the Swat region of northern Pakistan place refined constraints on the pressure, temperature and timing of metamorphism and deformation in that part of the Himalayan orogen. Thermodynamic modelling and monazite petrochronology indicate that metamorphism in the area followed a prograde evolution from ~525 ± 25 ℃and 6 士 0.5 kbar to ~610 ± 25 ℃ and 9 士 0.5 kbar, between ca. 39 Ma and 28 Ma. Partitioning of heavy rare earth elements between garnet rims and 30-28 Ma monazite are interpreted to indicate coeval crystallization at peak conditions. Microtextural relationships indicate that garnet rim growth post-dated the development of the main foliation in the area. The regional foliation is folded about large-scale N-S trending fold axes and overprinting E-W trending folds to form km-scale domal culminations. The textural relationships observed indicate that final dome development must be younger than the 30-28 Ma monazite that grew with garnet rims post-regional foliation development, but pre-doming-related deformation. This new timing constraint helps resolve discrepancy between previous interpretations,which have alternately suggested that N-S trending regional folds must be either pre-or post-early Oligocene. Finally, when combined with existing hornblende and white mica cooling ages, these new data indicate that the study area was exhumed rapidly following peak metamorphism. | Kyle P.Larson Asghar Ali Sudip Shrestha Mathieu Soret John M.Cottle Rafique Ahmad | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，3： | 2 |
| 12 | Flying with the Dragon:Estimating Developing Countries’Gains from China’s Imports显示文摘As a large trading nation,China competes with importing countries'domestic and thirdcountry markets but also creates growth opportunities fo r exporters.Most studies on China trade shocks or 'China shocks'focuse on the impacts of import competition on developed economies.The present paper complements research on China shocks by exploring the other side of the trade exposure to China-China as the largest importer,rather than as an exporter.We analyze the effects of export expansion into China on the local labor markets of the exporting developing countries for the years 1992 to 2018.Using detailed export and employment data,we estimate employment pattern variations in manufacturing industries with exports from other developing countries as instruments for export exposure.We find that the increase in trade exposure to China in the world economy has caused extensive job gains in manufacturing industries in developing countries that were exporters.On average,our estimations show that this trade exposure created approximately 1.5 million additional jobs from 1992 to 2018,which made an important contribution to manufacturing industries in developing countries.Our empirical analysis also shows that trade had stabilizing effects on employment in the countries in our sample generally. | Xuefeng Qian Kalsoom Rafique Yingna Wu | 2020 | China & World Economy2020，28，5： | 2 |
| 13 | The changing epidemiology pattern and frequency distribution of hepatitis C virus in Pakistan显示文摘 | Sadia Butt Muhammad Idrees Haji Akbar Irshad ur Rehman Zunaira Awan Samia Afzal Abrar Hussain Muhammad Shahid Sobia Manzoor Shazia Rafique | 2010 | Infection Genetics and Evolution2010，，5： | 2 |
| 14 | Zinc Application Affects Tissue Zinc Concentration and Seed Yield of Pea(Pisum sativum L.)显示文摘A 2-year field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of applied zinc(Zn) on the seed yield of pea(Pisum sativum L.) and to determine the internal Zn requirement of pea with emphasis on the seed and leaves as index tissues.The experiment was carried out at two different locations(Talagang,Chakwal district and National Agricultural Research Centre(NARC),Islamabad) in the Potohar Plateau,Pakistan by growing three pea cultivars(Green feast,Climax,and Meteor).The soils were fertilized with 0,2,4,8,and 16 kg Zn ha^(-1) along with recommended basal fertilization of nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),and boron(B).Zinc application increased seed yield significantly for all the three cultivars.Maximum increase in the pea seed yield(2-year mean) was21%and 15%for Green feast,28%and 21%for Climax,and 34%and 26%for Meteor at Talagang and NARC,respectively.In all cultivars,Zn concentrations in leaves and seed increased to varying extents as a result of Zn application.Fertiliser Zn requirement for near-maximum seed yield varied from 3.2 to 5.3 kg ha^(-1) for different cultivars.Zinc concentrations of leaves and seeds appeared to be a good indicator of soil Zn availability.The critical Zn concentration range sufficient for 95%maximum yield(internal Zn requirement)was 42-53 mg kg^(-1) in the pea leaves and 45-60 mg kg^(-1) in the seeds of the three pea cultivars studied. | Ejaz RAFIQUE Munazza YOUSRA Muhammad MAHMOOD-UL-HASSAN Sair SARWAR Tauseef TABASSAM Tayyaba K.CHOUDHARY | 2015 | Pedosphere2015，25，2： | 2 |
| 15 | Effect of external magnetic field on the deposition of BaFe12 O19 显示文摘 | Rafique M S Khaleeq-ur-Rahman M Saif-ur-Rehman | 2008 | Vacuum2008，82，： | 1 |
| 16 | Cerebral venous system a- natomy显示文摘 | Uddin M A Haq T U Rafique M Z | 2006 | J PakMedAssoe2006，56，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Case report: intra-renal paraganglioma masquerading as a renal cyst 显示文摘 | Rafique M Bhutta R A Muzzafar S | 2003 | Int Urol Nephrol2003，35，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Antihypertensive efficacy of the oral direct renin inhibitor aliskiren as add-on therapy in patients not responding to amlodipine monotherapy显示文摘 | Drummond W Munger MA Rafique Essop M | 2007 | J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich)2007，9，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Correlation of serum magnesium with dyslipidemia in patients on maintenance he- modialysis显示文摘 | Muhammad Rafique Ansafi Narinder Maheshwari | 2012 | Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl2012，23，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Perceived Breastfeeding Support Assessment Tool (PBSAT): Development and testing of psychometric properties with Pakistani urban working mothers显示文摘 | Shela Akbar Ali Hirani Rozina Karmaliani Thomas Christie Yasmin Parpio Ghazala Rafique | 2013 | Midwifery2013，，6： | 1 |
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