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| 1 | Immunohistochemical analysis of p53,cyclinD1,RB1,c-fos and N-ras gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma in Iran显示文摘AIM: To study the effect of some genes especially those involved in cell cycle regulation on hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: Paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 25 patients (18 males and 7 females) with hepatocellular carcinoma were collected from 22 pathology centers in Tehran during 2000-2001, and stained using immunohistochemistry method (avidin-biotin-peroxidase) for detection of p53, cyclinD1, RB1, c-fos and N-ras proteins. RESULTS: Six (24%), 5 (20%), 12 (48%) and 2 samples (8%) were positive for p53, cyclinD1, C-fos and N-ras expression, respectively. Twenty-two (88%) samples had alterations in the G1 cell-cycle checkpoint protein expression (RB1 or cyclinD1). P53 positive samples showed a higher (9 times) risk of being positive for RB1 protein than p53 negative samples. Loss of expression of RB1 in association with p53 over-expression was observed in 4 (66.7%) of 6 samples. Loss of expression of RB1 was seen in all cyclinD1 positive, 20 (90.9%) N-ras negative, and 11 (50%) C-fos positive samples, respectively. CyclinD1 positive samples showed a higher (2.85 and 4.75 times) risk of being positive for c-fos and N-ras expression than cyclinD1 negative samples. CONCLUSION: The expression of p53, RB1 and c-fos genes appears to have a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in Iran. Simultaneous overexpression of these genes is significantly associated with their loss of expression during development of hepatocellular carcinoma. | SJ Moghaddam EN Haghighi S Samiee N Shahid AR Keramati S Dadgar MR Zali | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，4： | 73 |
| 2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance. | Asmaa Ibrahim Gomaa Shahid A Khan Mireille B Toledano Imam Waked Simon D Taylor- Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，27： | 78 |
| 3 | Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the commonest cancers worldwide, particularly in parts of the developing world, and is increasing in incidence. This article reviews the current modalities employed for the diagnosis of HCC, including serum markers, radiological techniques and histological evaluation, and summarises international guidelines for the diagnostic approach to HCC. | Asmaa I Gomaa Shahid A Khan Edward LS Leen Imam Waked Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，11： | 44 |
| 4 | 全球生态系统服务与自然资本的价值估算显示文摘编者按:地球上的生态系统是一种复杂的生命支持系统,生态系统对人类的贡献,在生态学研究中经常用“社会效益和经济效益”来表述,是可以用经济价值来估算的。然而,由于其复杂性和不确定性,对这两个效益如何进行估价,一直是困扰生态学家和经济学家的重要问题。Cos... | Robert Costanza Ralph d'Arge Rudolf de Groot Stephen Farber Monica Grasso Bruce Hannon Karin Limburg Shahid Naeem Robert V.O'neill Jose Paruelo Robert G.Raskin Paul Sutton Marjan van den Belt 陶大立(译) | 1999 | 生态学杂志1999，18，2： | 38 |
| 5 | Effects of Bacillus coagulans supplementation on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis显示文摘Background: The poultry industry is in need of effective antibiotic alternatives to control outbreaks of necrotic enteritis(NE) due to Clostridium perfringens.Methods: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding Bacil us coagulans on the growth performance and gut health of broiler chickens with C. perfringens-induced NE. Two hundred and forty 1-day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two dietary B. coagulans levels(0 or 4 × 109 CFU/kg of diet) and two disease chal enge statuses(control or NE chal enged).Results: NE-induced reduction in body weight gain was relieved by the addition of B. coagulans into broiler diets compared with the NE-infected birds. NE infection damaged intestinal morphological structure, promoted intestinal C.perfringens growth and liver invasion, and enhanced anti-C. perfringens specific sI gA concentrations in the gut and specific IgG levels in serum compared with the uninfected birds. NE infection significantly(P < 0.05) decreased mucin-2(at 14 d post-infection(DPI), tol-like receptor 2(TLR2, at 7 and 14 DPI), TLR4(at 7 and 14 DPI), tumor necrosis factor super family15(TNFSF15, at 7 and 14 DPI), lysozyme(LYZ, at 14 DPI) and fowlicidin-2(at 7 and 14 DPI) mR NA levels, whereas it dramatical y(P = 0.001) increased IFN-γ mR NA levels at 7 DPI. However, chal enged birds fed diets supplemented with B.coagulans showed a significant(P < 0.01) decrease in gut lesion scores, decreased C. perfringens numbers in the cecum and liver, and an increase in fowlicidin-2 mR NA levels in compared with the uninfected birds. In addition, compared with the non-supplemented group, dietary inclusion of B. coagulans improved intestinal barrier structure, further increased specific sI gA levels and alkaline phosphatase(IAP) activity in the jejunum, enhanced the expression of jejunum lysozyme mR NA, and inhibited the growth, colonization, and invasion of C. perfringens; in contrast, it reduced serum-specific IgG concentrations and jejunum IFN-γ mR NA levels.Conclusion: These results indicated that dietary B. coagulans supplementation appeared to be effective in preventing the occurrence and reducing the severity of C. perfringens-induced NE in broiler chickens. | Yuanyuan Wu Yujing Shao Bochen Song Wenrui Zhen Zhong Wang Yuming Guo Muhammad Suhaib Shahid Wei Nie | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，2： | 31 |
| 6 | Contrast-enhanced 3D ultrasound in the radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors显示文摘Liver metastases and hepatocellular carcinomas are two of the most common causes of cancer deaths in the world.Radiofrequency ablation(RFA) is a well recognized,effective and minimally invasive means of treating malignant hepatic tumors.This article describes the use of contrast-enhanced 3D ultrasound(CE-3DUS) in the staging,targeting and follow-up of patients with liver tumors undergoing RFA.In particular,its value in the management of large hepatic lesions will be illustrated.Current limitations of CE-3DUS and future developments in the technique will also be discussed.In summary,CE-3DUS is useful in the RFA of liver tumors with improved detection and display of occult lesions and recurrence,in the assessment of lesional geometry and orientation for a more accurate planning and guidance of multiple RFA needle electrodes in large tumors and in the evaluation of residual or recurrent disease within the immediate and/or subsequent follow-up periods. | Edward Leen Senthil Kumar Shahid A Khan Gavin Low Keh Oon Ong Paul Tait Mike Averkiou | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，3： | 19 |
| 7 | Land use/land cover classification and its change detection using multi-temporal MODIS NDVI data显示文摘用在复杂的灌溉的盆的遥感数据的陆地使用 / 登陆盖子(LULC ) 的详细分析为更好的水资源管理提供完全的侧面并且计划。用遥感数据,这研究提供更低的 Chenab 运河的详细陆地使用地图为 LULC 的从 2005 ~ 2012 的巴基斯坦的灌溉区域变化察觉。主要庄稼类型被用 MODIS 250 m 识别 NDVI 的时间的侧面界定 | M USMAN R LIEDLI M A SHAHID A ABBAS | 2015 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2015，25，12： | 19 |
| 8 | Influence of ellagic acid on prostate cancer cell proliferation:A caspase-dependent pathway显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of allagic acid treatment on the cell viability of human prostate cancer cells.Methods:Ellagic acid(10-100 mol/L) treatment(48 h) of human prostate carcinoma PC3 cells was found to result in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell growth and apoptosis of PC3 cells as assessed by MTT assay,western blotting.flow cytometry and confocal microscopy.Results:We observed that ellagic acid treatment of PC3 cells resulted in a dose dependent inhibition of cell growth/cell viability.This ellagic acid caused cell growth inhibition was found to be accompanied by induction of apoptosis,as assessed by the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase(PARP) and morphological changes.Further,induction of apoptosis accompanied a decrease in the levels of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and increase in proapoptotic protein Bax.thus shifting the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio in favor of apoptosis.Ellagic acid treatment of PC3 cells was also found to result in significant activation of caspases,as shown by the dose dependent decrease in the protein expression of procaspase-3,-6.-8 and -9.This ellagic acid-mediated induction of apoptosis was significantly(80%-90%) inhibited by the caspase inhibitor N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone(Z-VAD-FMK).Thus these data suggested an essential role of caspases in ellagic acid-mediated apoptosis of PC3 cells.Conclusions:It is tempting to suggest that consumption of tropical pigmented fruits and vegetables could be an effective strategy to combat prostate cancer. | Arshi Malik Sarah Afaq Mohammad Shahid Kafil Akhtar Abdullah Assiri | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，7： | 18 |
| 9 | Incidence and mortality of primary liver cancer in England and Wales: Changing patterns and ethnic variations显示文摘AIM: To explore recent trends, modes of diagnosis, ethnic distribution and the mortality to incidence ratio of primary liver cancer by subtypes in England and Wales. METHODS: We obtained incidence(1979-2008) and mortality(1968-2008) data for primary liver cancer for England and Wales and calculated age-standardised incidence and mortality rates. Trends in age-standardised mortality(ASMR) and incidence(ASIR) rates and basis of diagnosis of primary liver cancer and subcategories: hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic bile duct and unspecified liver tumours, were analysed over the study period. Changes in guidelines for the diagnosis of primary liver cancer(PLC) may impact changing trends in the rates that may be obtained. We thus explored changes in the mode of diagnosis as reported to cancer registries. Furthermore, we examined the distribution of these tumours by ethnicity. Most of the statistical manipulations of these data was carried out in Microsoft excel(Seattle, Washington, United Sttaes). Additional epidemiological statistics were done in Epi Info software(Atlanta, GA, United Sttaes). To define patterns of change over time, we evaluated trends in ASMR and ASIR of PLC and intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma(IHBD) using a least squares regression line fitted to the natural logarithm of the mortality and incidence rates. We estimated the patterns of survival over subsequent 5 and 10 years using complement of mortality to incidence ratio(1-MIR). RESULTS: Age-standardised mortality rate of primary liver cancer increased in both sexes: from 2.56 and 1.29/100000 in 1968 to 5.10 and 2.63/100000 in 2008 for men and women respectively. The use of histology for diagnostic confirmation of primary liver cancer increased from 35.7% of registered cases in 1993 to plateau at about 50% during 2005 to 2008. Reliance on cytology as a basis of diagnosis has maintained a downward trend throughout the study period. Although approximately 30% of the PLC registrations had information on ethnicity, there was a relatively higher registration of the major tumour subtypes in patients whose ethnic backgrounds were from high incident regions of the world. Survival from PLC is estimated to get poorer in 10 years(2018) relative to 2008, particularly as a result of IHBD. CONCLUSION: Incidence and mortality of PLC, and particularly IHBD, have continued to rise in England and Wales. Changes in the modes of diagnosis may be contributing. | Nimzing G Ladep Shahid A Khan Mary ME Crossey Andrew V Thillainayagam Simon D Taylor-Robinson Mireille B Toledano | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，6： | 15 |
| 10 | Open reduction and internal fixation for displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children with crossed K-wires via lateral approach显示文摘有希望地在 children.MethodsWe 为肱骨的代替的 supracondylar 破裂经由侧面的途径与穿过的K电线估计开的减小和内部固定的治疗学的结果的目的跟随了与肱骨的 Gartland 类型 3 代替的 supracondylar 破裂介绍了并且被开的减小和内部固定与穿过的K电线管理经由的 52 个孩子侧面的 approach.There 是 37 男性和 15 个女病人;平均年龄是 7.39 年。当玩时,损伤的最普通的机制是秋天(n= 23 ) ,从高度到秋天列在后面(n= 20 ) ,道路交通事故(n= 5 ) 并且从承受高度的秋天(n= 2 ) 。在 2 种情况中,损害的模式不是可得到的。吝啬的后续是 12 个月,病人们根据 Flynn’s criteria.ResultsLateral 被估计途径提供了在二架紧张的飞机之间的侧面的列的一个优秀看法并且在所有情况中启用了解剖减小。在屈曲的 90 度或更多使肘不能调动不在生气 K 电线固定以后被需要。病人的多数在 6 星期大头针移动以内重获运动的完整的范围。二个病人有在大头针移动以后解决了的手术后的尺骨的神经损害。肘脉内翻足的普通迟了的复杂并发症没在任何病人被看见。推迟的表示到紧急情况部门,由有可食的油的骨头 setters 和按摩的重复操作为在 5 个病人的僵硬负责。表面的大头针道感染在 5 个病人被注意与调味品和抗菌素解决了。没有深感染发生了。详细临床的考试和 X 光线照相术的分析在最后的后续被做。他们包括了带运动的角度和范围的测量操作并且为比较的两上面的手足的正常方面,和拍。根据 Flynn’s 标准, 90.4% 病人证明为开的减小和肱骨的广泛地代替的 supracondylar 破裂的内部固定的令人满意的 results.ConclusionLateral 途径安全、直接,保证解剖减小和优秀功能。途径对在我们的安装的很矫形的外科医生容易、熟悉。 | Shahid Hussain Manzoor Ahmad Tufail Muzaffar | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2014，17，3： | 13 |
| 11 | Prevalence of gastric varices and results of sclerotherapy with N-butyl 2 cyanoacrylate for controlling acute gastric variceal bleeding显示文摘AIM: To study the prevalence, predictors and control of bleeding following N-butyl 2 cyanoacrylate (NBC) sclerotherapy of gastric varix (GV). METHODS: We analyzed case records of 1436 patients with portal hypertension, who underwent endoscopy during the past five years for variceal screening or upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Fifty patients with bleeding GV underwent sclerotherapy with a mean of 2 mL NBC for control of bleeding. Outcome parameters were primary hemostasis (bleeding control within the first 48 h), recurrent bleeding (after 48 h of esophago- gastro-duodenoscopy) and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. RESULTS: The prevalence of GV in patients with portal hypertension was 15% (220/1436) and the incidence of bleeding was 22.7% (50/220). Out of the 50 bleeding GV patients, isolated gastric varices (IGV-I) were seen in 22 (44%), gastro-oesophageal varices (GOV) on lesser curvature (GOV-Ⅰ) in 16 (32%), and GOV on greater curvature (GOV-Ⅱ) in 15 (30%). IGV-Ⅰ was seen in 44% (22/50) patients who had bleeding as compared to 23% (39/170) who did not have bleeding (P < 0.003). Primary hemostasis was achieved with NBC in all patients. Re-bleeding occurred in 7 (14%) patients after 48 h of initial sclerotherapy. Secondary hemostasis was achieved with repeat NBC sclerotherapy in 4/7 (57%). Three patients died after repeat sclerotherapy, one during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stem shunt (TIPSS), one during surgery and one due to uncontrolled bleeding. Treatment failure-related mortality rate was 6% (3/50). CONCLUSION: GV can be seen in 15% of patients withportal hypertension and the incidence of bleeding is 22.7%. NBC is highly effective in controlling GV bleeding. In hospital mortality of patients with bleeding GV is 6%. | Khalid Mumtaz Shahid Majid Hasnain A Shah Kashif Hameed Ashfaq Ahmed Saeed Hamid Wasim Jafri | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，8： | 12 |
| 12 | 水培条件下水稻全生育期耐盐筛选鉴定显示文摘通过分析水稻在盐胁迫和对照情况下的农艺性状表型差异,筛选出耐盐性强的水稻,为盐碱地的开发利用提供优良种质资源。本研究是水稻全生育期水培耐盐筛选,主要是对国内120份水稻品种进行耐盐性筛选,设置0、1.5‰、3‰、4.5‰和6‰5个盐浓度梯度,在成熟期时分别测定各个水稻品种的株高、主茎茎粗、根长、倒1叶长、倒1叶宽、倒2叶长、倒2叶宽、绿叶数、主茎穗长、茎干重、叶干重、穗干重、根干重、地上部干重、根冠比、穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、结实率和理论产量。首先利用四分位差法确定本研究的最佳筛选盐浓度;其次对最佳筛选盐浓度下的各个耐盐系数进行主成分分析,在主成分分析基础上通过模糊函数法得到隶属函数值和综合评价值(D值),用D值和各个品种的耐盐系数值进行逐步回归分析和相关分析,最后对各个水稻品种的D值用欧式距离和ward法进行系统聚类分析。结果表明6‰盐浓度是最佳筛选盐浓度,系统聚类分析结果表明在欧式距离为3.5处分类得到11个耐盐性极强的水稻品种,19个耐盐性强的水稻品种,24个耐盐性中等的水稻品种,45个耐盐性弱的水稻品种,21个耐盐性极弱的水稻品种。通过测定盐浓度为6‰时水稻成熟期倒1叶长、倒1叶宽、主茎穗长、地上部干重和主茎茎粗,利用回归方程可快速鉴定水稻的耐盐性大小。通过筛选得到的高耐盐水稻种质资源可以为进一步挖掘耐盐基因和培育水稻耐盐新品种奠定基础。 | 张瑞 王洋 Shahid Hussain 刘永昊 邵星宇 杨硕 陈英龙 韦还和 戴其根 | 2021 | 植物遗传资源学报2021，22，6： | 12 |
| 13 | 口服消炎痛和布洛芬治疗早产儿动脉导管未闭的比较显示文摘目的静脉注射消炎痛是早产儿动脉导管未闭的常规治疗方法,但治疗过程中常出现一些副作用,如少尿、消化道出血、脑血流灌注减少。近年来,静脉注射布洛芬已用于治疗早产儿动脉导管未闭。布洛芬治疗不会减少脑血流灌注,也不会影响胃肠道和肾脏的血流动力学。伊朗目前尚无消炎痛和布洛芬的静脉制剂供应。该研究旨在比较这两种药的口服制剂治疗早产儿动脉导管未闭的疗效和安全性。方法36例胎龄小于34周经超声心动图确诊患有动脉导管未闭的早产儿被随机分为两组,每组18人。一组给予消炎痛口服,每次0.2mg/kg,24h给药1次,共3次。另一组给予布洛芬口服,共3次,间隔时间为24h,首剂为10mg/kg,随后两次各5mg/kg。用药后观察导管闭合率、副作用、并发症及临床过程。结果用药后布洛芬组18例患儿动脉导管都闭合(100%),而消炎痛组18例中有15例患儿动脉导管闭合(83.3%)(P〉0.05)。两组疗效差异统计学无显著性意义。治疗前后两组的血清尿素氮和肌酐含量差异也无显著性意义。消炎痛组发生了3例(16.6%)坏死性小肠结肠炎,布洛芬组则无,差异有显著性意义(P〈0.05)。治疗1个月后两组成活率均为94%(17/18)。消炎痛组1例死于坏死性小肠结肠炎,布洛芬组1例死于败血症。结论口服布洛芬治疗早产儿动脉导管未闭和口服消炎痛治疗一样有效,而且坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率较口服消炎痛治疗低。 | Saed Hossein FAKHRAEE Zohreh BADIEE Saied MOJTAHEDZADEH Mohammad KAZEMIAN Roya KELISHADI Shahid Beheshti | 2007 | 中国当代儿科杂志2007，9，5： | 11 |
| 14 | Inhibition of hepatitis B virus DNA replicative intermediate forms by recombinant interferon-γ显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the in vitro anti-HBV activity of recombinant human IFN-γ, alone and in combination with lamivudine. METHODS: A recombinant baculovirus-HBV/HepG2 culture system was developed which could support productive HBV infection in vitro. Expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in infected HepG2 culture medium was detected by commercial enzyme immunoassays. HBV DNA replication intermediates were detected in infected cells by Southern hybridization and viral DNA load was determined by dot hybridization. RESULTS: IFN-γat 0.1 to 5μg/L efficiently down regulated HBsAg expression in transduced HepG2 cells. At 5μg/L, IFN-γalso suppressed HBV DNA replication in these cells. While treatment with a combination of lamivudine and IFN-γshowed no additive effect, sequential treatment first with lamivudine and then IFN-γwas found to be promising. In this culture system the best HBV suppression was observed with a pulse of 2μmol/L lamivudine for two days, followed by 1μg/L IFN-γfor another four days. Compared to treatment with lamivudine alone, the sequential use of 0.2μmol/L lamivudine for two days, followed by 5μg/L IFN-γfor six days showed a 72% reduction in HBV cccDNA pool. CONCLUSION: This in vitro study warrants further evaluation of a combination of IFN-γand lamivudine, especially in IFN-αnon-responder chronic hepatitis B patients. A reduced duration of lamivudine treatment would also restrict the emergence of drug-resistant HBV mutants. | Mohammad Khalid Parvez Deepak Sehgal Shiv Kumar Sarin Seemi Farhat Basir Shahid Jameel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，19： | 10 |
| 15 | Kinetic study of phytotoxicity induced by foliar lead uptake for vegetables exposed to fine particles and implications for sustainable urban agriculture显示文摘At the global scale, foliar metal transfer occurs for consumed vegetables cultivated in numerous urban or industrial areas with a polluted atmosphere. However, the kinetics of metal uptake, translocation and involved phytotoxicity was never jointly studied with vegetables exposed to micronic and sub-micronic particles(PM). Different leafy vegetables(lettuces and cabbages) cultivated in RHIZOtest? devices were, therefore, exposed in a greenhouse for 5, 10 and 15 days to various Pb O PM doses. The kinetics of transfer and phytotoxicity was assessed in relation to lead concentration and exposure duration. A significant Pb accumulation in leaves(up to 7392 mg/kg dry weight(DW) in lettuce) with translocation to roots was observed. Lead foliar exposure resulted in significant phytotoxicity, lipid composition change, a decrease of plant shoot growth(up to 68.2% in lettuce) and net photosynthesis(up to 58% in lettuce). The phytotoxicity results indicated plant adaptation to Pb and a higher sensitivity of lettuce in comparison with cabbage. Air quality needs, therefore, to be considered for the health and quality of vegetables grown in polluted areas, such as certain megacities(in China, Pakistan, Europe, etc.) and furthermore, to assess the health risks associated with their consumption. | TianTian Xiong Annabelle Austruy Antoine Pierart Muhammad Shahid Eva Schreck Stéphane Mombo Camille Dumat | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，8： | 10 |
| 16 | Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome among Prunus mume,P.armeniaca,and P.salicina显示文摘Prunus mume Sieb.et Zucc.,P.armeniaca L.,and P.salicina L.are economically important fruit trees in temperate regions.These species are taxonomically perplexing because of shared interspecific morphological traits and variation,which are mainly attributed to hybridization.The chloroplast is cytoplasmically inherited and often used for evolutionary studies.We sequenced the complete chloroplast genomes of P.mume,P.armeniaca,and P.salicina using Illumina sequencing followed by de novo assembly.The three chloroplast genomes exhibit a typical quadripartite structure with conserved genome arrangement,structure,and moderate divergence.The lengths of the genomes are 157,815,157,797,and 157,916 bp,respectively.The length of the large single-copy region(LSC)region is 86,113,86,283,and 86,122 bp,and the length of the SSC region is 18,916,18,734,and 19,028 bp;the IR region is 26,393,26,390,and 26,383 bp,respectively.Each of the three chloroplast genomes encodes 133 genes,including 94 protein-coding,31 tRNA,and eight rRNA genes.Differential gene analysis for the three species revealed that trnY-ATA is a unique gene in P.armeniaca;in contrast,the gene trnI-TAT is only present in P.mume and P.salicina,though the position of the gene in these chloroplast genomes differs.Further comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome sequences revealed that the ORF genes and the sequences of linked regions rps16 and atpA,atpH and atpI,trnc-GCA and psbD,ycf3 and atpB,and rpL32 and ndhD are significantly different and may be used as molecular markers in taxonomic studies.Phylogenetic evolution analysis of the three species suggests that P.mume has a closer genetic relationship to P.armeniaca than to P.salicina. | Song Xue Ting Shi Wenjie Luo Xiaopeng Ni Shahid Iqbal Zhaojun Ni Xiao Huang Dan Yao Zhijun Shen Zhihong Gao | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 10 |
| 17 | Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on strength and ductility of magnesium-titanium alloys显示文摘Effect of graphene nanoplatelets(GNPs)addition on mechanical properties of magnesium–10wt%Titanium(Mg–10Ti)alloy is investigated in current work.The Mg-(10Ti+0.18GNPs)composite was synthesized using the semi powder metallurgy method followed by hot extrusion.Microstructural characterization results revealed the uniform distribution of reinforcement(Ti+GNPs)particles in the matrix,therefore(Ti+GNPs)particles act as an effective reinforcing filler to prevent the deformation.Room temperature tensile results showed that the addition of Ti+GNPs to monolithic Mg lead to increase in 0.2%yield strength(0.2%YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS),and failure strain.Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy(EDS)and X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)were used to investigate the surface morphology,elemental dispersion and phase analysis,respectively. | Muhammad Rashad Fusheng Pan Aitao Tang Yun Lu Muhammad Asif Shahid Hussain Jia She Jun Gou Jianjun Mao | 2013 | Journal of Magnesium and Alloys2013，1，3： | 10 |
| 18 | Somatic embryogenesis in wild relatives of cotton (Gossypium Spp.)显示文摘Wild cotton species can contribute a valuable gene pool for agronomically desirable cultivated tetraploid cultivars. In order to exploit diploid cotton a regeneration system is required to achieve transformation based goals. The present studies aimed at optimizing the conditions for regeneration of local varieties as well as wild species of cotton. Different callus induction media were tested with varying concentrations of hormones in which sucrose was used as nutritional source. Different explants (hypo-cotyls, cotyledon, root) were used to check the regeneration of both local cotton plants and wild relatives using T & G medium, BAP medium, CIM medium, EMMS medium, and cell suspension medium. Different stages of embryogenicity such as early torpedo stage, late torpedo stage, heart stage, globular stage and cotyledonary stage were observed in wild relatives of cotton. The results of this study pave the way for establishing future transformation methods. | RAO Abdul Qayyum HUSSAIN S. Sarfraz SHAHZAD M. Saqib BOKHARI S. Yassir Abbas RAZA M. Hashim RAKHA Allah MAJEED A. SHAHID A. Ali SALEEM Zafar HUSNAIN Tayyab RIAZUDDIN S. | 2006 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2006，7，4： | 9 |
| 19 | 反相高效液相色谱法测定有机氯及含氮杀虫剂在水体·土壤沉积物及鱼体中的残留(摘要)(英文)显示文摘[目的]测定水体、土壤沉积物以及鱼体内有机氯及含氮杀虫剂残留物,为科学评估杀虫剂残留对巴基斯坦地区公共卫生、农业和环境的影响提供依据。[方法]以食用鱼南亚野鲮为材料,设计2组体重,采用高效液相色谱法分别测定水体、土壤沉积物以及南亚野鲮体内α-硫丹、DDE、甲基对硫磷、异丙隆、呋喃丹、阿特拉津等含量。[结果]土壤沉积物中DDE的含量达(2.340±0.025)μg/g,在250 ~750 g的南亚野鲮体内的含量分别为(0.270 ±0.000 6)μg/g,但在水体中未发现DDE残留;不同饲料中农药残留物90%为有机磷、呋喃丹以及有机氯杀虫剂,6%为杀菌剂,仅4%为除草剂,在250 ~750 g以及800 ~1 300 g的南亚野鲮体内硫丹的含量分别达到(0.491±0.000 6)μg/g和(3.050±0.060 8)μg/g,异丙隆的含量分别达到(0.010±0.0003)μg/g和(0.014±0.000 6)μg/g,且随体重上升,其脂肪含量增加,积累的农药残留物则越多;硫丹、甲基对硫磷、阿特拉津和呋喃丹的含量在水体达到最大残留限量水平0.001μg/g。[结论]通过生物积累和在自然界中的运输以及再沉积作用,有机氯及其他杀虫剂的使用给全球的环境造成了严重污染,因此,在巴基斯坦已经禁止使用DDT等有机氯农药。 | Shahid Mahboob Ghazala S.Sultana Muhammad Rafique Asi S.Nadeem A.S.Chaudhry | 2009 | Agricultural Science & Technology2009，10，5： | 9 |
| 20 | Gastroenterology in developing countries:Issues and advances显示文摘Developing countries shoulder a considerable burden of gastroenterological disease. Infectious diseases in particular cause enormous morbidity and mortality. Diseases which afflict both western and developing countries are often seen in more florid forms in poorer countries. Innovative techniques continuously improve and update gastroenterological practice. However, advances in diagnosis and treatment which are commonplace in the West, have yet to reach many developing countries. Clinical guidelines, based on these advances and collated in resource-rich environments,lose their relevance outside these settings. In this two-part review, we first highlight the global burden of gastroenterological disease in three major areas: diarrhoeal diseases, hepatitis B, and Helicobacter pylori . Recent progress in their management is explored, with consideration of future solutions. The second part of the review focuses on the delivery of clinical services in developing countries. Inadequate numbers of healthcare workers hamper efforts to combat gastroenterological disease. Reasons for this shortage are examined, along with possibilities for increased specialist training. Endoscopy services, the mainstay of gastroenterology in the West, are in their infancy in many developing countries. The challenges faced by those setting up a service are illustrated by the example of a Nigerian endoscopy unit. Finally, we highlight the limited scope of many clinical guidelines produced in western countries. Guidelines which take account of resource limitations in the form of 'cascades' are advocated in order to make these guidelines truly global. Recognition of the different working conditions facing practitioners worldwide is an important step towards narrowing the gap between gastroenterology in rich and poor countries. | Kate L Mandeville Justus Krabshuis Nimzing Gwamzhi Ladep Chris JJ Mulder Eamonn MM Quigley Shahid A Khan | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，23： | 8 |
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