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| 1 | Bone mineral density in cone beam computed tomography:Only a few shades of gray显示文摘Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) has often been used to determine the quality of craniofacial bone structures through the determination of mineral density, which is based on gray scales of the images obtained. However, there is no consensus regarding the accuracy of the determination of the gray scales in these exams. This study aims to provide a literature review concerning the reliability of CBCT to determine bone mineral density. The gray values obtained with CBCT show a linear relationship with the attenuation coefficients of the materials, Hounsfield Units values obtained with medical computed tomography, and density values from dual energy X-ray absorciometry. However, errors are expected when CBCT images are used to define the quality of the scanned structures be-cause these images show inconsistencies and arbitrari-ness in the gray values, particularly when related to abrupt change in the density of the object, X-ray beam hardening effect, scattered radiation, projection data discontinuity-related effect, differences between CBCTdevices, changes in the volume of the field of view(FOV), and changes in the relationships of size and position between the FOV and the object evaluated. A few methods of mathematical correction of the gray scales in CBCT have been proposed; however, they do not generate consistent values that are independent of the devices and their configurations or of the scanned objects. Thus, CBCT should not be considered the ex-amination of choice for the determination of bone and soft tissue mineral density at the current stage, par-ticularly when values obtained are to be compared to predetermined standard values. Comparisons between symmetrically positioned structures inside the FOV and in relation to the exomass of the object, as it occurs with the right and left sides of the skull, seem to be viable because the effects on the gray scale in the re-gions of interest are the same. | Marcio José da Silva Campos Thainara Salgueiro de Souza Sergio Luiz Mota Júnior Marcelo Reis Fraga Robert Willer Farinazzo Vitral | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，8： | 3 |
| 2 | Assessing the Impact Standards-Based Middle Grades Mathematics Curriculum Materials on Student Achievement 显示文摘 | Robert Reys | 2003 | Journal for Research in Mathematics Education2003，34，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Phase 3 study comparing tigecycline and ertapenem in patients with diabetic foot infections with and without osteomyelitis显示文摘 | Laszlo Lauf Zsófia Ozsvár Ismael Mitha Janos Reg?ly-Mérei John M. Embil Angel Cooper Mary Beth Sabol Nathalie Castaing Nathalie Dartois Jean Yan Gary Dukart Robert Maroko | 2013 | Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease2013，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Temporomandibular joint and normal occlusion: Is there anything singular about it? A computed to- mographic evaluation 显示文摘 | Robert Wilier Farinazzo Vitral Marcio Jose da Silva Campos Andreia Fialho Rodrigues Marcelo Reis Fraga | 2011 | American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics2011，140，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Agronomic evaluation of Herbaspirillum seropedicae strain ZAE94 as an inoculant to improve maize yield in Brazil显示文摘Diazotrophic bacteria applied as a seed inoculant can improve the grain yield of several crops including maize. The current study aimed to test the agronomic efficiency and contribution of biological nitrogen fixation(BNF) of the endophytic diazotroph Herbaspirillum seropedicae strain ZAE94 to maize under field conditions. Eighteen field assays were conducted in four different locations during consecutive years on two hybrids and two varieties of maize in a random block design with four replicates using a peat-based inoculant. The inoculant containing the ZAE94 strain was applied without nitrogen(N)fertilization or with 40 kg N ha^(-1) and was compared to the application of 40 and 80 kg N ha^(-1) without inoculation. Crop productivity and N accumulation in the grain were evaluated in addition to ^(15)N natural abundance(δ^(15)N) to evaluate BNF in the treatments without N fertilization. Fertilization at 40 kg N ha^(-1) plus bacterial inoculation produced crop yields similar to the treatment with 80 kg N ha^(-1) and increased grain N content, especially in the off-season with 40 kg N ha^(-1). The inoculation treatments showed lower δ^(15)N values than the non-inoculated treatments, which was most evident in the off-season. The BNF contributed about 30% of N accumulated in plants inoculated with ZAE94. On average, 64% of the N fertilized plots showed an increase of the parameters evaluated in the inoculated treatments, compared with the control. Inoculation also increased root length, root volume, and leaf area, and these parameters were positively correlated with plant weight using a hydroponic assay. This study revealed that the application of H. seropedicae inoculant increased the amount of N in plants owing to BNF, and there is a better chance of yield response to inoculation under low N fertilizer application in the off-season. | Gabriela C.ALVES Carlos L.R.DOS SANTOS Jerri E.ZILLI Fabio B.DOS REIS JUNIOR Ivanildo E.MARRIEL Farley A.da F.BREDA Robert M.BODDEY Veronica M.REIS | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Membranes separations in biotechnology显示文摘 | Van Reis Robert | 2001 | Curr Opin Biotechnol2001，12，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Is Safe and Effective Using Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in Selected Early-Stage Breast Cancer显示文摘 | Alan A. Lewin Robert Derhagopian Kunal Saigal Joseph E. Panoff Andre Abitbol D. Jay Wieczorek Vivek Mishra Isildinha Reis Annapoorna Ferrell Lourdes Moreno Cristiane Takita | 2012 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2012，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Expression of α- and β-human chorionic gonadotropin subunits in cultured human cells显示文摘 | Samuel Goldstein Richard A. Jones Jones W. Hardin Glenn D. Braunstein Robert J. Shmookler Reis | 1990 | In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology1990，，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Processes Used by Good Compu-tational Estimators 显示文摘 | Robert E Reys James F Rybolt Barbara J Bestgen J Wendell Wyatt | 1982 | Journal for Research inMathematics Education1982，13，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Angiogenesis in Wounds Treated by Microdeformational Wound Therapy显示文摘 | Paolo Erba Rei Ogawa Maximilian Ackermann Avner Adini Lino F. Miele Pouya Dastouri Doug Helm Steven J. Mentzer Robert J. D’Amato George F. Murphy Moritz A. Konerding Dennis P. Orgill | 2011 | Annals of Surgery2011，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Assesing the impact standards-based middle grades mathematics curriculum materials on student achievement 显示文摘 | Robert Reys | 2003 | Journal for Research in Mathematics Education2003，34，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Angiogenesis in Wounds Treated by Microdeformational Wound Therapy显示文摘 | Paolo Erba Rei Ogawa Maximilian Ackermann Avner Adini Lino F. Miele Pouya Dastouri Doug Helm Steven J. Mentzer Robert J. D’Amato George F. Murphy Moritz A. Konerding Dennis P. Orgill | 2011 | Annals of Surgery2011，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Membrane separations in biotechnology显示文摘 | Robert van Reis Andrew Zydney | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Increased MMA concentration and body mass index are associated with spontaneous abortion in Brazilian women显示文摘 | Elvira M. Guerra-Shinohara Perla M. Pereira Ananka M. Kubota Thaiomara A. Silva Jucilene L. Reis Gerson S. Miyashita Vania D’Almeida Robert H. Allen Sally P. Stabler | 2009 | Clinica Chimica Acta2009，，5： | 1 |
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