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| 1 | Trend in pan evaporation and its attribution over the past 50 years in China显示文摘Trends in pan evaporation are widely relevant to the hydrological community as indicators of hydrological and climate change. Pan evaporation has been decreasing in the past few decades over many large areas with differing climates globally. This study analyzes pan evaporation data from 671 stations in China over the past 50 years in order to reveal the trends of it and the corresponding trend attribution. Mann-Kendall test shows a significant declining trend in pan evaporation for most stations, with an average decrease of 17.2 mm/10a in China as a whole, the rate of decline was the steepest in the humid region (29.7 mm/10a), and was 17.6 mm/10a and 5.5 mm/10a in the semi-humid/semi-arid region and arid region, respectively. Complete correlation coefficients of pan evaporation with 7 climate factors were computed, and decreases in diurnal temperature range (DTR), SD (sunshine duration) and wind speed were found to be the main attributing factors in the pan evaporation declines. Decrease in DTR and SD may relate to the increase of clouds and aerosol as well as the other pollutants, and decrease in wind speed to weakening of the Asian winter and summer monsoons under global climate warming. | LIU Min SHEN Yanjun ZENG Yan LIU Changming | 2010 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2010，20，4： | 11 |
| 2 | A Modified Oxidation Ditch with Additional Internal Anoxic Zones for Enhanced Biological Nutrient Removal显示文摘A novel modified pilot scale anaerobic oxidation ditch with additional internal anoxic zones was operated experimentally, aiming to study the improvement of biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal and the effect of enhanced denitrifying phosphorus removal in the process. Under all experimental conditions, the anaerobic-oxidation ditch with additional internal anoxic zones and an internal recycle ratio of 200% had the highest nutrient removal efficiency. The effluent NH4+-N, total nitrogen (TN), PO43-P and total phosphorus (TP) contents were 1.2mg·L-1 , 13mg·L-1, 0.3mg·L-1 and 0.4mg·L-1, respectively, all met the discharge standards in China. The TN and TP removal efficiencies were remarkably improved from 37% and 50% to 65% and 88% with the presence of additional internal anoxic zones and internal recycle ratio of 200%. The results indicated that additional internal anoxic zones can optimize the utilization of available carbon source from the anaerobic outflow for denitrification. It was also found that phosphorus removal via the denitrification process was stimulated in the additional internal anoxic zones, which was beneficial for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal when treating wastewater with a limited carbon source. However, an excess internal recycle would cause nitrite to accumulate in the system. This seems to be harmful to biological phosphorus removal. | LIU Wei YANG Dianhai XU Li SHEN Changming | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2013，21，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Prevalence, risk factors, and survival associated with pulmonary hypertension and heart failure among patients with underlying coronary artery disease: a national prospective, multicenter registry study in China显示文摘Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the commonest cause of heart failure (HF), whereas pulmonary hypertension (PH) has not been established or reported in this patient population. Therefore, we assessed the prevalence, risk factors, and survival in CAD-associated HF (CAD-HF) complicated with PH.Methods: Symptomatic CAD-HF patients were continuously enrolled in this prospective, multicenter registry study. Echocardiography, coronary arteriography, left and right heart catheterization (RHC), and other baseline clinical data were recorded. Patients were followed up and their survival was recorded.Results: One hundred and eighty-two CAD-HF patients were enrolled, including 142 with HF with a preserved ejection fraction (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF];left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥50%) and 40 with a reduced ejection fraction (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF];LVEF < 50%). PH was diagnosed with RHC in 77.5% of patients. Patients with PH showed worse hemodynamic parameters and higher mortality. HFrEF-PH patients had worse survival than HFpEF-PH patients. CAD-HF patients with an enlarged left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and reduced hemoglobin were at higher risk of PH. Nitrate treatment reduced the risk of PH. Elevated creatinine and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), diastolic pressure gradient (DPG) ≥7 mmHg, and previous myocardial infarction (MI) entailed a higher risk of mortality in CAD-HF patients with PH.Conclusions: PH is common in CAD-HF and worsens the hemodynamics and survival in these patients. Left ventricle enlargement and anemia increase the risk of PH in CAD-HF. Patients may benefit from nitrate medications. Renal impairment, elevated mPAP, DPG ≥7 mmHg, and previous MI are strong predictors of mortality in CAD-HF-PH patients.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02164526. | Li Huang Lingpin Pang Qing Gu Tao Yang Wen Li Ruilin Quan Weiqing Su Weifeng Wu Fangming Tang Xiulong Zhu Jieyan Shen Jingzhi Sun Guangliang Shan Changming Xiong Shian Huang Jianguo He | 2022 | Chinese Medical Journal2022，，15： | 4 |
| 4 | Variation of fluxes of water vapor, sensible heat and carbon dioxide above winter wheat and maize canopies显示文摘Surface energy fluxes were measured using Bowen-Ratio Energy Balance technique (BREB) and eddy correlation system at Luancheng of Hebei Province, on the North China Plain from 1999 to 2001. Average diumal variation of surface energy fluxes and CO2 flux for maize showed the inverse 'U 'type. The average peak fluxes did not appear at noon, but after noon. The average peak CO2 flux was about 1.65 mgm-2 s-1. Crop water use efficiency (WUE) increased quickly in the morning, stabilized after 10:00 and decreased quickly after 15:00 with no evident peak value. The ratio of latent heat flux (λE) to net solar radiation (Rn) was always higher than 70% during winter wheat and maize seasons. The seasonal average ratio of sensible heat flux (H) divided by Rn stayed at about 15% above the field surface; the seasonal average ratio of conductive heat flux (G) divided by Rn varied between 5% and 13%, and the average G/Rn from the wheat canopy was evidently higher than that from the maize canopy. The evaporative fraction (EF) is correlated to the Bowen ratio in a reverse function. EF for winter wheat increased quickly during that revival stage, after the stage, it gradually stabilized to 1.0, and fluctuated around 1.0. EF for maize also fluctuated around 1.0 before the later grain filling stage, and decreased after that stage. | ZHANG Yongqiang, SHEN Yanjun, YU Qiang, LIU Changming,A. Kondoh, TANG Changyuan, SUN Hongyong, JIA Jinsheng(1. Inst. of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China 2. Shijiazhang Inst. of Agricultural Modernization, CAS, | 2002 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2002，12，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Stability analysis of the building foundation for goaf显示文摘 | Zhang Changming Qi Lihua Shen Naiqi | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 6 | Im- proved volatile fatty acid production during waste activated sludge anaerobic fermentation by different bio-surfactants显示文摘 | HUANG Xiangfeng SHEN Changming LIU Jia | 2015 | Chemical Engineering Journal2015，264，： | 1 |
| 7 | Effect of soil water deficit on evaportranspiration crop yield, and water use efficiency in the North China Plain显示文摘 | Zhang yongqiang Eloise Kendy Yu Qiang Liu Changming Shen Yanjun | 2004 | Agricultural Water Management2004，，64： | 1 |
| 8 | GLOBAL WARMING EFFECTS ON THE HANJIANG RIVER HYDROLOGICAL REGIMES显示文摘The paper, based on a semi-conceptual hydrological model, analysed global warming effects on the Hanjiang River hydrological regimes and water resources, including soil moisture, evaporation, runoff and the transferable water quantity from the Danjiangkou Reservoir according to Middle Route of China’s South-to-North Water Transfer Project. | Shen Dajun Liu Changming (Institute of Geography, CAS, Beijing 100101People’s Ropublic of China) | 1996 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1996，6，2： | 0 |
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