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| 1 | An Improved Production Activity Control Architecture for Shop Floor Control显示文摘This paper presents a further improved Production Activity Control Architecture to deal with the complexity of information by creating Sub-Producers and Sub-Movers which will not only give a better control at workstation level but also reduce load on the Dispatcher. It also makes an analysis of the basic and improved PAC (Production Activity Control) Architecture in the Control System for Integrated Manufacturing. The PAC Architecture and the improvement will further enhance the flexibility and adaptability of the architecture in the ever changing environment of the Shop Floor Control (SFC) Systems. | SHAHID Ikramullah Butt HAMID Ullah Khan Niazi | 2005 | Computer Aided Drafting,Design and Manufacturing2005，15，1： | 2 |
| 2 | A Novel Compact Highly Isolated UWB MIMO Antenna with WLAN Notch显示文摘This paper presents a compact Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO)antenna with WLAN band notch for Ultra-Wideband(UWB)applications.The antenna is designed on 0.8mmthick low-cost FR-4 substrate having a compact size of 22mm×30 mm.The proposed antenna comprises of two monopole patches on the top layer of substrate while having a shared ground on its bottom layer.The mutual coupling between adjacent patches has been reduced by using a novel stub with shared ground structure.The stub consists of complementary rectangular slots that disturb the surface current direction and thus result in reducing mutual coupling between two ports.A slot is etched in the radiating patch for WLAN band notch.The slot is used to suppress frequencies ranging from 5.1 to 5.9 GHz.The results show that the proposed antenna has a very good impedance bandwidth of|S11|<−10 dB within the frequency band from 3.1–14 GHz.A low mutual coupling of less than−23 dB is achieved within the entire UWB band.Furthermore,the antenna has a peak gain of 5.8 dB,low ECC<0.002 and high Diversity Gain(DG>9.98). | Muhammad Awais Shahid Bashir Awais Khan Muhammad Asif Nasim Ullah Hend I.Alkhammash | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Measuring quality of experience for 360-degree videos in virtual reality显示文摘In recent years,we witness dramatic growing attention in immersive media technologies like 360-degree videos and virtual reality(VR).However,measuring the quality-of-experience(QoE)for 360-degree VR videos is not a trivial task.Streaming such videos to head mounted displays(HMDs)is extremely bandwidth-demanding when compared to traditional 2D videos.In HTTP adaptive streaming,QoE tends to deteriorate significantly during fluctuating network conditions,which results in various bitrate changes and causes multiple stalling events during playback.Thus,understanding how the human visual system perceives 360-degree video with the effect of stalling and different bitrate levels becomes inevitable.In this paper,we investigate the impact of stalling on users QoE under different bitrate levels and the interaction between stalling event and bitrate level for 360-degree videos in VR.To aim this,we first build a 360-degree videos database by encoding videos in three different bitrate levels(1,5,and 15 Mbps)with 4 K resolutions(3840×1920 pixels).We then simulate various stalling events in the videos and conduct a subjective experiment in a virtual reality environment to investigate the human responses.Finally,we use a Bayesian method to estimate and predict the QoE while measuring the quality drop owing to various stalling events and bitrate changes.Proposed solution and prediction results show a strong dependency between playback stalling and bitrate of 360-degree video in VR.Stalling always impacts the QoE of 360-degree videos,but the strength of this negative impact depends on the video bitrate level.The adverse effect of stalling events is more profound when bitrate level approaches to the high and low end,which is in close agreement with subjective opinion. | Muhammad Shahid ANWAR Jing WANG Asad ULLAH Wahab KHAN Sadique AHMAD Zesong FEI | 2020 | Science China(Information Sciences)2020，63，10： | 1 |
| 4 | Development of mutants with varying flowering times by targeted editing of multiple SVP gene copies in Brassica napus L.显示文摘Manipulation of flowering time to develop cultivars with desired maturity dates is fundamental in plant breeding.It is desirable to generate polyploid rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)germplasm with varying flowering time controlled by a few genes.In the present study,Bna SVP,a rapeseed homolog of the Arabidopsis SVP(Short Vegetative Phase)gene,was characterized and a set of mutants was developed using a CRISPR/Cas9-based gene-editing tool.A single construct targeting multiple sites was successfully applied to precisely mutate four copies of Bna SVP.The induced mutations in these copies were stably transmitted to subsequent generations.Homozygous mutants with loss-of-function alleles and free transgenic elements were generated across the four Bna SVP homologs.All mutant T_(1)lines tested in two environments(summer and winter growing seasons)showed early-flowering phenotypes.The decrease in flowering time was correlated with the number of mutated Bna SVP alleles.The quadruple mutants showed the shortest flowering time,with a mean decrease of 40.6%–50.7%in length relative to the wild type under the two growth conditions.Our study demonstrates the quantitative involvement of Bna SVP copies in the regulation of flowering time and provides valuable resources for rapeseed breeding. | Sunny Ahmar Yungu Zhai Huibin Huang Kaidi Yu Muhammad Hafeez Ullah Khan Muhammad Shahid Rana Abdul Samad Shahid Ullah Khan Olalekan Amoo Chuchuan Fan Yongming Zhou | 2022 | The Crop Journal2022，10，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Incentive-Driven Approach for Misbehavior Avoidance in Vehicular Networks显示文摘For efficient and robust information exchange in the vehicular adhoc network,a secure and trusted incentive reward is needed to avoid and reduce the intensity of misbehaving nodes and congestion especially in the case where the periodic beacons exploit the channel.In addition,we cannot be sure that all vehicular nodes eagerly share their communication assets to the system for message dissemination without any rewards.Unfortunately,there may be some misbehaving nodes and due to their selfish and greedy approach,these nodes may not help others on the network.To deal with this challenge,trust-based misbehavior avoidance schemes are generally reflected as the capable resolution.In this paper,we employed a fair incentive mechanism for cooperation aware vehicular communication systems.In order to deploy a comprehensive credit based rewarding scheme,the proposed rewardbased scheme fully depends on secure and reliable cryptographic procedures.In order to achieve the security goals,we used the cryptographic scheme to generate a certified public key for the authenticity of every message exchange over the network.We evaluated the friction of misbehaving vehicles and the effect of rewarding schemes in context with honest messages dissemination over the network. | Shahid Sultan Qaisar Javaid Eid Rehman Ahmad Aziz Alahmadi Nasim Ullah Wakeel Khan | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，3： | 0 |
| 6 | Comparison of the reaction of polar mesosphere winter echoes and polar mesosphere summer echoes to high-frequency heating in terms of modulated characteristics显示文摘In this work,for the first time,we have analyzed and compared the responses of polar mesosphere winter echoes(PMWE)and their summer counterpart,polar mesosphere summer echoes(PMSE),to high-frequency(HF)heating in terms of modulated characteristics(i.e.,backscatter intensity reduction,recovery,and overshoot).Both PMWE and PMSE observations were from the same site(Tromsφ,Norway;69.6°N,19.2°E)and radar(EISCAT[European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association]very high frequency,224 MHz).The heating patterns of both PMWE and PMSE were found to be similar;however,PMSE was more greatly affected by HF heating.Polar mesosphere summer echoes showed recovery and overshoot more frequently than did PMWE.In addition,the mean recovery and overshoot of PMSE were greater than those of PMWE.The associated electron temperature enhancement was estimated for both PMWE and PMSE and showed that,compared with PMWE,the electron temperature enhancement was more significant in PMSE.The strong heating effects on PMSE may be due to the considerable increase in electron temperature. | Safi Ullah HaiLong Li Abdur Rauf Shahid Ullah Khan Sufyan Ullah Khan ShuCan Ge Bin Wang MaoYan Wang Lin Meng | 2023 | Earth and Planetary Physics2023，7，2： | 0 |
| 7 | Use of Scrapped Rubber Tires for Sustainable Construction of Manhole Covers显示文摘Scrapped tires from vehicles are produced in large quantities. Despite numerous existing uses of scrapped tires, alarge quantity ends up at the landfill sites, which contributes to environmental degradation. The development ofmore applications of scrapped tire usage can reduce the disposal of tires at landfill sites. This research proposes anovel use of scrapped tires by using the strips taken from scrapped tires in replacement of steel bars as reinforcement. Manhole covers were produced using scrapped tires by completely replacing the steel with scrapped tires.Four different samples of manhole covers were prepared and tested. The highest bearing capacity of 25.5 kN wasrecorded with a sample of 100 mm thickness made with cementitious composite, which is 2.25 times higher thanthe bearing capacity of a conventional reinforced-concrete manhole cover. The use of manhole covers made withscrapped tires can effectively address the theft issue of manhole covers. The lifecycle cost analysis shows that themanhole cover made with scrapped tires is 3.4 times more cost-effective in comparison with the conventionalmanhole cover. This research shows a new avenue of the potential use of scrapped tires as reinforcement in structures, which can improve sustainable construction practices. | Sadaqat Ullah Khan Afzal Ahmed Sajjad Ali Ayesha Ayub Ahmed Shuja Muhammad Ahsan Shahid | 2021 | Journal of Renewable Materials2021，9，5： | 0 |
| 8 | A Novel Approach of Image Steganography for Secure显示文摘Steganography aims to hide the messages from unauthorized persons for various purposes,e.g.,military correspondence,financial transaction data.Securing the data during transmission is of utmost importance these days.The confidentiality,integrity,and availability of the data are at risk because of the emerging technologies and complexity in software applications,and therefore,there is a need to secure such systems and data.There are various methodologies to deal with security issues when utilizing an open system like the Internet.This research proposes a new technique in steganography within RGB shading space to achieve enhanced security compared with existing systems.We evaluate our approach with the help of diverse image quality evaluation techniques including MSE(Mean Square Error),RMSE(Root Mean Square Error),PSNR(Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio),MAE(Mean Absolute Error),NCC(Normalized Cross-Correlation)and SSIM(Structural Similarity Index).Our experimental results demonstrate improved strength,intangibility,and security when contrasted with existing techniques and vindicate the effectiveness of this exploration work.The proposed approach achieved a 3.6701%average higher score for PSNR Correlation than the next best existing approach.Moreover,in PSNR with a variable amount of cipher embedded in the same images of the same dimensions,the proposed approach attained a 5.22%better score.Embedding the same size of cipher in images of different size resulted a 3.56%better score. | Shahid Rahman Fahad Masood Wajid Ullah Khan Niamat Ullah Fazal Qudus Khan Georgios Tsaramirsis Sadeeq Jan Majid Ashraf | 2020 | Computers, Materials & Continua2020，，7： | 0 |
| 9 | Bio-catalyzed plastic degradation:a review显示文摘The widespread use and production of plastic have led to increased accumulation of plastic waste in the environment which threatens terrestrial and marine life.Efficient methods for management of plastic waste remain a key challenge.Biodegradation of plastics is considered an environmentally safe method,but is still limited to laboratory scale.Several previous studies have reported microbial enzymes capable of degrading plastic.These discoveries offer a promising starting point for the development of biocatalyzed plastic degradation technology.In this review,we discuss recent advancements and applications of biocatalyst technology.We also describe the different steps for development of biocatalyzed plastic degradation technology and the major issues related to each stage.Breakthroughs in research into biocatalyzed plastic degradation would lead to new opportunities for sustainable alleviation of the worldwide problem of plastic waste accumulation. | Sehroon Khan Sadia Nadir Shahid Iqbal Jianchu Xu Heng Gui Afsar Khan Masroor Hussain Ihsan Ullah | 2022 | Circular Agricultural Systems2022，2，1： | 0 |
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