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| 1 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | The Integrator complex controls the termination of transcription at diverse classes of gene targets显示文摘包含 INTS3 和 NABP1 或 NABP2 的建筑群开始在 DNA 损坏回答被描绘,但是他们的生物化学的功能仍然保持未知。用亲密关系纯化和 HIV 集成定序目标(HIT-Seq ) ,我们发现这些建筑群是综合者建筑群的部分,它绑 RNA 聚合酶 II 并且调整特定的目标基因。综合者作为他们在亲密地被结合的机制处理到他们的成熟形式的部分劈开 snRNAs 抄写结束。然而, HIT-Seq 表明那个综合者也绑在 3 ′以 polyadenylated 抄本复制依赖者 histones 和倡导者结束基因的近似区域。综合者子单元的弄空导致抄写结束失败, histone mRNA 处理的混乱,和 snRNAs 和 histone mRNAs 的 polyadenylation。而且,倡导者综合者的近似绑定否定地通常调整其抄本是的基因的表示 polyadenylated。到所有三个基因类的综合者招募是 DSIF 依赖的,建议那个综合者作为在 DSIF 依赖的 RNA 聚合酶 II 的结束建筑群工作暂停地点。 | Jeffrey R Skaar Andrea L Ferris Xiaolin Wu Anita Saraf Kum Kum Khanna Laurence Florens Michael P Washburn Stephen H Hughes Michele Pagano | 2015 | Cell Research2015，25，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Influence of marbling and animal age on factors associated with beef quality显示文摘 | Tuma H J Henrickson R L Stephens D F | 1962 | Animal Science1962，21，11： | 1 |
| 4 | Strategic cyclical scaling: bridging five orders of magnitude scale gaps in climatic and ecological studies显示文摘 | Root Terry L Schneider Stephen H | 2002 | Integrated Assessment2002，3，23： | 1 |
| 5 | Synthesis of polysub- stituted indoles and indulines by means of zirconcenne- stabilized benzzyne complexes 显示文摘 | JEFFREY H T STEPHEN L B | 1994 | J Am Chem Soc1994，116，11： | 1 |
| 6 | A meta-analysis of relations between person–organization fit and work attitudes显示文摘 | Michelle L Verquer Terry A Beehr Stephen H Wagner | 2002 | Journal of Vocational Behavior2002，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Quantification of mRNA in human tissue using fluorescent nested reverse transcriptate polymerse chain reaction 显示文摘 | Karet F E Stephen C J Mira L H | 1994 | Anal Biochem1994，220，3： | 1 |
| 8 | An overview of semiconductor photocatalysis显示文摘 | ANDREW M STEPHEN L H | 1997 | J Photochem Photobiol A:Chem1997，108，： | 1 |
| 9 | An overview of semiconductor photocatalysis 显示文摘 | ANDREW M STEPHEN L H | 1997 | J Photobio Am Chem1997，108，： | 1 |
| 10 | An overview of semiconductor photocatalysis显示文摘 | ANDREW M STEPHEN L H | 1997 | J Photochem Photobio:A1997，108，： | 1 |
| 11 | The preparation of 4-nitrophthalimide and derivatives显示文摘 | LEVY L F STEPHEN H | 1931 | J Chem Soc1931，16，： | 1 |
| 12 | An overview of semiconductorphotocatalysis显示文摘 | Andrew M Stephen L H | 1997 | Journal of Photochemistry and Photo-biology A: Chemistry1997，108，： | 1 |
| 13 | Molecular and phenotypic characterization of Als1 and Als2 mutations conferring tolerance to acetolactate synthase herbicides in soybean显示文摘 | Kay L Walter Stephen D Strachan Nancy M Ferry Henrik H Albert Linda A Castle Scott A Sebastian | 2014 | Pest. Manag. Sci2014，，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Combinatorial interactions between positive and negative cis-acting elements control spatial patterns of 4cl-! Expression in transgenic tobacco显示文摘 | STEPHEN P L RAJAGOPAL S | 1993 | The Plant Journal1993，4，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Analysis of the impact of price-sensitivity factors on the returns policy in coordinating supply chain 显示文摘 | Yao Z Stephen C H Leung K K L | 2008 | European Journal of Operational Research2008，187，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Comparison of Three AVHRR-Based Fire Detection Algorithms for Interior Alaska显示文摘 | Stephen H Boles David L Verbyla | 2000 | Remote Sensing of Environment2000，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Genome-wide comparative diversity uncovers multiple targets of selection for improvement in hexaploid wheat landraces and cultivars 显示文摘 | Cavanagh CS Chao S Wang BE Huang BE Stephen S Kiani S Forrest K Saintenac C Brown-Guedira GL Akhunova A See D Bai G Pumphrey M Tomar L Wong D Kong S Reynolds M da Silva ML Bockelman H Talbert L Anderson JA Dreisigacker S Baenziger S Carter A Korzun V Morrell PL Dubcovsky J Morell MK Sorrells ME Hayden MJ Akhunov E | 2013 | PNAS2013，110，： | 1 |
| 18 | Design of homogeneous,monopegylated erythropoietin analogs with preserved in vitro bioactivlty显示文摘 | Dana L L Daniel H D Stephen P E | 2006 | Cox Exp Hematology2006，34，6： | 1 |
| 19 | A pilot study of a thiazolidinedione, troglitazone, in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis显示文摘 | Stephen H Caldwell Elizabeth E Hespenheide Jan A Redick Julia C Iezzoni Emily H Battle Bonnie L Sheppard | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | A binary search heuristic algorithm based on randomized local search for the rectangular strip packing problem显示文摘 | Zhang D F Wei L J Stephen C H | 2013 | Informs Journal on Computing2013，25，2： | 1 |
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