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| 1 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Human enamel thickness and ENAM polymorphism显示文摘The tooth enamel development gene, enamelin(ENAM), showed evidence of positive selection during a genome-wide scan of human and primate DNA for signs of adaptive evolution. The current study examined the hypothesis that a single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) C14625T(rs7671281) in the ENAM gene identified in the genome-wide scan is associated with a change in enamel phenotype. African Americans were selected as the target population, as they have been reported to have a target SNP frequency of approximately 50%, whereas non-Africans are predicted to have a 96% SNP frequency. Digital radiographs and DNA samples from 244 teeth in 133 subjects were analysed, and enamel thickness was assessed in relation to SNP status,controlling for age, sex, tooth number and crown length. Crown length was found to increase with molar number, and females were found to have thicker enamel. Teeth with larger crowns also had thicker enamel, and older subjects had thinner enamel.Linear regression and generalized estimating equations were used to investigate the relationship between enamel thickness of the mandibular molars and ENAM SNP status; enamel in subjects with the derived allele was significantly thinner(P = 0.040)when the results were controlled for sex, age, tooth number and crown length. The derived allele demonstrated a recessive effect on the phenotype. The data indicate that thinner dental enamel is associated with the derived ENAM genotype. This is the first direct evidence of a dental gene implicated in human adaptive evolution as having a phenotypic effect on an oral structure. | Diane M Daubert Joanna L Kelley Yuriy G Udod Carolina Habor Chris G Kleist Ilona K Furman Igor N Tikonov Willie J Swanson Frank A Roberts | 2016 | International Journal of Oral Science2016，8，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Dietary and nutritional factors and pancreatic cancer: a case control study based on direct inter- views显示文摘 | Silverman D T Swanson C A Gridley G Wacholder S Green- berg R S Brown L M | 1998 | J Natl Cancer Inst1998，90，： | 1 |
| 4 | Storm track dynamic显示文摘 | Chang E K Lee M S Swanson K L | 2002 | J Climate2002，15，16： | 1 |
| 5 | Gender differences for the predictors of depression in young adults with genital herpes显示文摘 | Dibble S L Swanson J M | 2000 | Public Health Nuts2000，17，3： | 1 |
| 6 | In situ quantification of a natural settlement cue and recruitment of the Australian sea urchin Holo-pneustes purpurascens显示文摘 | SWANSON R L DE NYS R HUGGETT M J | 2006 | Marine Ecology Progress Series2006，314，： | 1 |
| 7 | A method for severely constrain- ed item selection in adaptive testing 显示文摘 | Stocking M L Swanson L | 1993 | Applied Psycho-logical Measurement1993，23，： | 1 |
| 8 | A method for severely con- strained item selection in adaptive testing显示文摘 | Stocking M L Swanson L | 1993 | Applied Psychological Measurement1993，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Nottingham effect in field and T-F emission: Heating and cooling domains, and inversion temperature 显示文摘 | Charbonnier F M Strayer R W Swanson L W | 1964 | Phys Rev Lett1964，13，13： | 1 |
| 10 | Bronchial artery embolization:experience with 54 patients 显示文摘 | Swanson K L Johnson C M Prakash U B | 2002 | Chest2002，121，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Comparison of the 16s Ribosomal DNA Sequences from the Intracellular Agents of Proliferative Enteritis in a Hamster,Deer and Ostrich with the Sequence of a Porcine Isolate of Lawsonia intracellularis显示文摘 | Swanson D L Barns S M | 1997 | Intern J Syst Bacteriol1997，43，： | 1 |
| 12 | Diagnosis of Proliferative Enteritis in Frozen and Formalin-fixed,Paraffin-embeded Tissues from a Hamster,Horse,Deer and Ostrich Tissues Using Lawsonia intracellularis Specific Multiplex PCR Assay显示文摘 | Swanson D L | 1997 | Vet Microbiol1997，54，： | 1 |
| 13 | Factors Influencing household recyclingbehavior 显示文摘 | Oskamp S Harrington M J Edwards T C Sherwood D L OkudaS M Swanson D C | 1991 | Environment and Behavior1991，23，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic bone disease:insights into the relationship between bone and sleep显示文摘 | Swanson C M Shea S A Stone K L | 2015 | J Bone Miner Res2015，30，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Theory into practice in career assessment for women: Assessment and interventions regarding perceived career barriers 显示文摘 | Swanson J L Woitke M B (1997) | 1997 | Journal of Career Assessment1997，5，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Engineering a Therapeutic Lectin by Uncoupling Mitogenicity from Antiviral Activity显示文摘 | Swanson M D Boudreaux D M Salmon L | 2015 | Cell2015，163，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Nature history of hepatopulmonary syndrome: Impact of liver transplantation 显示文摘 | Swanson K L Wiesner R H Krowka M J | 2005 | Hepatology2005，41，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Applieation of probabilis- tic reliability methods to tubular designs显示文摘 | PAYNE M L SWANSON J D | 1990 | SPE Drilling Engineering1990，5，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Multicenter trial of sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer using both technetium sulfur colloid and isosulfan blue dye显示文摘 | Tafra L Lannin D R Swanson M S | 2001 | Ann Surg2001，233，1： | 1 |
| 20 | The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus:cytoarchitectonic subdivision and organization of projections to the pituitary,dorsal vagal complex,and spinal cord as demonstrated by retrograde fluoresecence double-labeling method显示文摘 | Swanson L W Kuypers H G J M | 1980 | J Comp Neurol1980，194，3： | 1 |
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