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| 1 | Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and T-cell responses: what we do and don't know显示文摘Granulocyte 巨噬细胞刺激殖民地的因素(GM-CSF ) 是一个重要造血的生长因素和有免疫力的调节的人。GM-CSF 也在各种各样的传播白血球的功能的活动有深刻效果。它被许多房间类型在收到有免疫力的刺激之上包括 T 房间,巨噬细胞, endothelial 房间和成纤维细胞生产。尽管 GM-CSF 局部地被生产,它能以一种 paracrine 方式行动到在主人防卫提高他们的功能的成员传播 neutrophils,单核白血球和淋巴细胞。最近的集中的调查为它增加树枝状的房间(DC ) 成熟和功能以及巨噬细胞活动的能力作为一个有免疫力的助手在 GM-CSF 的应用程序上被集中。在经历化疗的癌症病人对待嗜中性白血球减少症临床上被使用,在在治疗期间的爱滋病病人,并且在在骨髓移植以后的病人。有趣地, GM-CSF-deficient 老鼠的造血的系统看起来正常;最重要的变化在一些特定的 T 房间回答。尽管 GM-CSF 的分子的克隆用 T 房间的 cDNA 图书馆被执行, T 房间在激活以后生产 GM-CSF,是众所周知的,在 T 房间功能上有在由 T 房间和它的效果的生产的这 cytokine 的系统的调查的缺乏。在这篇文章,我们将在 T 房间主要集中于 GM-CSF 的免疫生物学。 | Yufang Shi Catherine H Liu Arthur I Roberts Jyoti Das Guangwu Xu Guangwen Ren Yingyu Zhang Liying Zhang Zeng Rong Yuan Hung Sheng William Tan Gobardhan Das Satish Devadas | 2006 | Cell Research2006，16，2： | 22 |
| 2 | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Indonesia:epidemiology,incidence,signs,and symptoms at presentation显示文摘Among all head and neck (H&N) cancers,nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a distinct entity regarding epidemiology,clinical presentation,biological markers,carcinogenic risk factors,and prognostic factors.NPC is endemic in certain regions of the world,especially in Southeast Asia,and has a poor prognosis.In Indonesia,the recorded mean prevalence is 6.2/100 000,with 13 000 yearly new NPC cases,but otherwise little is documented on NPC in Indonesia.Here,we report on a group of 1121 NPC patients diagnosed and treated at Dr.Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital,Jakarta,Indonesia between 1996 and 2005.We studied NPC incidence among all H&N cancer cases (n=6000) observed in that period,focusing on age and gender distribution,the ethnic background of patients,and the disease etiology.We also analyzed most prevalent signs and symptoms and staging of NPC patients at first presentation.In this study population,NPC was the most frequent H&N cancer (28.4%),with a male-to-female ratio of 2.4,and was endemic in the Javanese population.Interestingly,NPC appeared to affect patients at a relatively young age (20% juvenile cases) without a bimodal age distribution.Mostly,NPC initiated in the fossa of Rosenmuller and spreaded intracranially or locally as a mass in the head.Occasionally,NPC developed at the submucosal level spreading outside the anatomic limits of the nasopharynx.At presentation,NPC associated with hearing problems,serous otitis media,tinnitus,nasal obstruction,anosmia,bleeding,difficulty in swallowing and dysphonia,and even eye symptoms with diplopia and pain.The initial diagnosis is difficult to make because early signs and symptoms of NPC are not specific to the disease.Early-age Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection combined with frequent exposure to environmental carcinogenic co-factors is suggested to cause NPC development.Undifferentiated NPC is the most frequent histological type and is closely associated with EBV.Expression of the EBV-encoded latent membrane protein 1(LMP1) oncogene in biopsy material was compared between NPC patients of <30 years old and those of ≥30 years old,matched for sex and tumor stage.Higher LMP1 expression in patients of <30 years old was observed,which was related to more locoregional progressivity.Increased medical awareness of prevailing early stage signs and symptoms coupled to use of EBV-related diagnostic tumor markers may lead to down-staging and timely treatment to improve survival of patients with this aggressive disease. | Marlinda Adham Antonius N.Kurniawan Arina Ika Muhtadi Averdi Roezin Bambang Hermani Soehartati Gondhowiardjo I Bing Tan Jaap M.Middeldorp | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2012，31，4： | 22 |
| 3 | Osteoprotegerin Ligand Is a Cytokine that Regulates Osteoclast Differentiation and Activation显示文摘 | D.L Lacey E Timms H.-L Tan M.J Kelley C.R Dunstan T Burgess R Elliott A Colombero G Elliott S Scully H Hsu J Sullivan N Hawkins E Davy C Capparelli A Eli Y.-X Qian S Kaufman I Sarosi V Shalhoub G Senaldi J Guo J Delaney W.J Boyle | 1998 | Cell1998，，2： | 4 |
| 4 | Awareness of eye complications and prevalence of retinopathy in the first visit to eye clinic among type 2 diabetic patients显示文摘AIM:To assess the awareness of eye complications and the prevalence of retinopathy,in the first visit to eye clinic,among type 2 diabetic patients attending a tertiary medical centre in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia.METHODS:An investigator-administered questionnaire was given to 137 patients with diabetes undergoing first time eye screening in the eye clinic.This was followed by a detailed fundus examination by a senior ophthalmologist to assess for presence of retinopathy.RESULTS:Almost 86% of respondents were aware of diabetic eye complications,especially in patients who had achieved tertiary educational level(96.3%).The majority of the patients(78.8%) were referred by their physicians and only 20.4% came on their own initiative.Many of the patients(43.8%) did not know how frequent they should go for an eye check-up and 72.3% did not know what treatments were available.Lack of understanding on diabetic eye diseases(68.6%) was the main barrier for most patients for not coming for eye screening earlier.Despite a high level of awareness,only 21.9% had recorded HbA1c level of <6.5% while 31.4% were under the erroneous assumption of having a good blood sugar control.A total of 29.2% had diabetic retinopathy in their first visit eye testing.CONCLUSION:In the present study,29.2% of type 2 diabetic patients had retinopathy in their first time eye testing.Although the awareness of diabetic eye complications was high among first time eye screening patients,the appropriate eye care-seeking behavior was comparatively less and should be rectified to prevent the rise of this sight threatening eye disease. | I Tajunisah PS Wong LT Tan P Rokiah SC Reddy | 2011 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2011，4，5： | 3 |
| 5 | 应对RoHS指令的测试方法、应用及其挑战显示文摘本文简要介绍了香港绿色制造测试中心根据美国环境保护协会(EPA)测试指南进行检测的基本步骤和应用。同时,简要示例了两个相应的测试结果。最后提及了面临的问题和挑战。 | A. Tso i S. C. Tan A. Wong 钟伟 邬博义 Y. C. Chan | 2006 | 电子质量2006，，7： | 2 |
| 6 | Fused dep- osition modeling of novel scaffold architectures for tissue engi- neering applieations 显示文摘 | ZEIN I HUTMACHER D W TAN K C | 2002 | Biomaterials2002，23，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Oblique lumbar interbody fixation:a biomeehanieal study in human spines 显示文摘 | St Clair S Tan JS Lieberman I | 2012 | J Spinal Disord Teeh2012，25，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Molecular phylogenetic evidence for a reversible morphogenetic switch controlling the gross morphology of two common genera of green seaweeds, Ulva and Enteromorpha 显示文摘 | TAN I H BLOMS3'FA J HANSEN G | 1999 | Molecular Biology Evolution1999，16，8： | 1 |
| 9 | In situ observation of thermo and stress induced martensitic transformation in shape memory alloys显示文摘 | Xu H B Tan S Muller I | 1998 | Metallkunde1998，89，： | 1 |
| 10 | MGAlignlt: a Web Service for the Alignment of mRNA/EST and Genomic Sequences 显示文摘 | I EE B T TAN T W RANGANATHAN S | 2003 | Nucleic Acids Res2003，31，： | 1 |
| 11 | White matter fiber dissection of the optic radiations of the temporal lobe and implications for surgical approaches to the temporal hom显示文摘 | Sincoff E H Tan Y Abdulrauf S I | 2004 | J Neurosurg2004，101，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Neuraminidase inhibitor sus- ceptibility testing of influenza type B viruses in China during 2010 and 2011 identifies viruses with reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir and zanamivir显示文摘 | Wang D Sleeman K Huang W Nguyen H T LevineM Cheng Y Li X Tan M Xing X Xu X Klimov A I Gubareva L V Shu Y | 2013 | Antiviral Research2013，97，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration without anticoagulation in high-risk patients显示文摘 | Tan HK Baldwin I Bellomo R | 2000 | Intensive Care Med2000，26，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Influ- enza viruses expressing chimeric hemagglutinins: Globu- lar head and stalk domains derived from different sub- types 显示文摘 | Hai R Krammer F Tan G S Pica N Eggink D Maamary J Margine I Albrecht R A Palese P | 2012 | J Virol2012，86，10： | 1 |
| 15 | On non-local sta- bility properties of extremum seeking control显示文摘 | TAN Y NESIC D IVEN MAREELS I | 2006 | Auto-matiea2006，42，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Optimization of preparation conditions for activated carbons from coco- nut husk using response surface methodology 显示文摘 | TAN I AHMAD A HAMEED B | 2008 | Chemical Engineering Journal2008，137，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Adsorption isotherms,kinetics,thermodynamics and desorption studies of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol on oil palm empty fruit bunch-based activated carbon显示文摘 | Tan I A Ahmad A L Hameed B H | 2009 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2009，164，： | 1 |
| 18 | Choroidal neovascularization is inhibit?ed via an intraocular decrease of inflammatory cells in mice lacking complement component C3显示文摘 | Tan X Fujiu K Manabe I | 2015 | Sci Rep2015，5，15： | 1 |
| 19 | Electron states in mesa-etched one-dimensional quantum well wires 显示文摘 | Snider G L Tan H I Hu E L | 1990 | Journal of Applied Physics1990，68，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Delivery of oligodeoxynu- cleotides into human saphenous veins and the adjunct effect of ultrasound and microbubbles显示文摘 | Kodama T Tan PH Offiah I | 2005 | Ultrasound Med Biol2005，31，12： | 1 |
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