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| 1 | Non-invasive means of measuring hepatic fat content显示文摘Hepatic steatosis affects 20% to 30% of the general adult population in the western world. Currently, the technique of choice for determining hepatic fat deposition and the stage of fibrosis is liver biopsy. However, it is an invasive procedure and its use is limited, particularly in children. It may also be subject to sampling error. Non-invasive techniques such as ultrasound, computerised tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) can detect hepatic steatosis, but currently cannot distinguish between simple steatosis and steatohepatitis, or stage the degree of fibrosis accurately. Ultrasound is widely used to detect hepatic steatosis, but its sensitivity is reduced in the morbidly obese and also in those with small amounts of fatty infiltration. It has been used to grade hepatic fat content, but this is subjective. CT can detect hepatic steatosis, but exposes subjects to ionising radiation, thus limiting its use in longitudinal studies and in children. Recently, magnetic resonance (MR) techniques using chemical shift imaging have provided a quantitative assessment of the degree of hepatic fatty infiltration, which correlates well with liver biopsy results in the same patients. Similarly, in vivo 1H MRS is a fast, safe, non-invasive method forthe quantification of intrahepatocellular lipid (IHCL) levels. Both techniques will be useful tools in future longitudinal clinical studies, either in examining the natural history of conditions causing hepatic steatosis (e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), or in testing new treatments for these conditions. | Sanjeev R Mehta E Louise Thomas Jimmy D Bell Desmond G Johnston Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，22： | 21 |
| 2 | Effect of nutritional counselling on hepatic,muscle and adipose tissue fat content and distribution in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘AIM: To assess the effectiveness of the current UK clinical practice in reducing hepatic fat (IHCL). METHODS: Whole body MRI and 1H MRS were obtained, before and after 6 mo nutritional counselling, from liver, soleus and tibialis muscles in 10 subjects with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). RESULTS: A 500 Kcal-restricted diet resulted in an average weight loss of 4% (-3.4 kg,) accompanied by significant reductions in most adipose tissue (AT) depots, including subcutaneous (-9.9%), abdominal subcutaneous (-10.2%) and intra-abdominal-AT (-11.4%). Intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) were significantly reduced in the tibialis muscle (-28.2%). Decreases in both IHCL (-39.9%) and soleus IMCL (-12.2%) content were also observed, although these were not significant. Several individuals showed dramatic decreases in IHCL, while others paradoxically showed increases in IHCL content. Changes in body composition were accompanied by improvements in certain liver function tests: serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Significant correlations were found between decreases in IHCL and reductions in both intra-abdominal and abdominal subcutaneous AT. Improvements in liver function tests were associated with reductions in intra-abdominal AT, but not with changes in IHCL. CONCLUSION: This study shows that even a very modest reduction in body weight achieved through lifestyle modification can result in changes in body fat depots and improvements in LFTs. | E Louise Thomas Audrey E Brynes Gavin Hamilton Nayna Patel Adam Spong Robert D Goldin Gary Frost Jimmy D Bell Simon D Taylor-Robinson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，36： | 13 |
| 3 | Dietary and metabolomic determinants of relapse in ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot prospective cohort study显示文摘AIM To identify demographic, clinical, metabolomic, and lifestyle related predictors of relapse in adult ulcerative colitis(UC) patients.METHODS In this prospective pilot study, UC patients in clinical remission were recruited and followed-up at 12 mo to assess a clinical relapse, or not. At baseline information on demographic and clinical parameters was collected. Serum and urine samples were collected for analysis of metabolomic assays using a combined direct infusion/liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resolution spectroscopy. Stool samples were also collected to measure fecal calprotectin(FCP). Dietary assessment was performed using a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Twenty patients were included(mean age: 42.7 ± 14.8 years, females: 55%). Seven patients(35%) experienced a clinical relapse during the follow-up period. While 6 patients(66.7%) with normal body weight developed a clinical relapse, 1 UC patient(9.1%) who was overweight/obese relapsed during the follow-up(P = 0.02). At baseline, poultry intake was significantly higher in patients who were still in remission during follow-up(0.9 oz vs 0.2 oz, P = 0.002). Five patients(71.4%) with FCP > 150 μg/g and 2 patients(15.4%) with normal FCP(≤ 150 μg/g) at baseline relapsed during the follow-up(P = 0.02). Interestingly, baseline urinary and serum metabolomic profiling of UC patients with or without clinical relapse within 12 mo showed a significant difference. The most important metabolites that were responsible for this discrimination were trans-aconitate, cystine and acetamide in urine, and 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate and acetone in serum. CONCLUSION A combination of baseline dietary intake, fecal calprotectin, and metabolomic factors are associated with risk of UC clinical relapse within 12 mo. | Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshtel iFloris F van den Brand Karen L Madsen Rupasri Mandal Rosica ValchevaKaren I Kroeker Beomsoo Han Rhonda C Bell Janis Cole Thomas Hoevers David S Wishart Richard N Fedorak Levinus A Dieleman | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，21： | 9 |
| 4 | One hundred and seventy-eight consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies without mortality:role of the multidisciplinary approach显示文摘BACKGROUND:Pancreatoduodenectomy offers the only chance of cure for patients with periampullary cancers.This,however,is a major undertaking in most patients and is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality.A multidisciplinary approach to the workup and follow-up of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy was initiated at our institution to improve the diagnosis,resection rate,mortality and morbidity.We undertook the study to assess the effect of this approach on diagnosis,resection rates and short-term outcomes such as morbidity and mortality.METHODS:A prospective database of patients presenting with periampullary cancers to a single surgeon between April 2004 and April 2010 was reviewed.All cases were discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting comprising surgeons,gastroenterologists,radiologists,oncologists,radiation oncologists,pathologists and nursing staff.A standardized investigation and management algorithm was followed.Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.RESULTS:A total of 295 patients with a periampullary lesion were discussed and 178 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (resection rate 60%).Sixty-one patients (34%) required either a vascular or an additional organ resection.Eighty-nine patients experienced complications,of which the commonest was blood transfusion (12%).Thirty-four patients (19%) had major complications,i.e.grade 3 or above.There was no in-hospital,30-day or 60-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Pancreatoduodenectomy can safely be performed in high-volume centers with very low mortality.The surgeon's role should be careful patient selection,intensive preoperative investigations,use of a team approach,and an unbiased discussion at a multidisciplinary meeting to optimize the outcome in these patients. | Jaswinder S Samra Raul Alvarado Bachmann Julian Choi Anthony Gill Michael Neale Vikram Puttaswamy Cameron Bell Ian Norton Sarah Cho Steven Blome Ritchie Maher Sivakumar Gananadha Thomas J Hugh | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，4： | 8 |
| 5 | The efficacy of an albendazole intraruminal controlled-release device against gastrointestinal parasitism in lambs显示文摘 | BELL S L THOMAS R J | 1992 | Vet Parasitol1992，41，34： | 1 |
| 6 | Antisense Oligonucleotide Inhibition of Apolipoprotein C-III Reduces Plasma Triglycerides in Rodents, Nonhuman Primates, and Humans显示文摘 | Mark J. Graham Richard G. Lee Thomas A. Bell Wuxia Fu Adam E. Mullick Veronica J. Alexander Walter Singleton Nick Viney Richard Geary John Su Brenda F. Baker Jennifer Burkey Stanley T. Crooke Rosanne M. Crooke | 2013 | Circulation Research2013，，11： | 1 |
| 7 | Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Status Epilepticus显示文摘 | Gretchen Brophy Rodney Bell Jan Claassen Brian Alldredge Thomas Bleck Tracy Glauser Suzette LaRoche James Riviello Lori Shutter Michael Sperling David Treiman Paul Vespa | 2012 | Neurocritical Care2012，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Organization and differential activation of a gene family encoding the plant defense enzyme chalcone synthase in Phaseolus vulgaris显示文摘 | THOMAS B RYDER SUSAN A HEDRICK JOHN N Bell | 1987 | Mol Gen Genet1987，210，： | 1 |
| 9 | Resistant starch improves insulin sensitivity in metabolic syndrome 显示文摘 | JOHNSTON KL THOMAS EL BELL JD | 2010 | Diabet Med2010，27，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Slash and-burn agriculture, conversion to pasture, and deforestation in two Brazilian Amazon colonies显示文摘 | Fujisaka Sam Bell William Thomas Nick | 1996 | Agricul ture Ecosystems & Environment1996，59，12： | 1 |
| 11 | Cationic functionalisation of cellulose using a choline based ionic liquid analogue 显示文摘 | Andrew P Abbott Thomas J Bell Sandeep Handa | 2006 | Green Chemistry2006，8，： | 1 |
| 12 | Endovascular treatment of thoracic aortic diseases: combined experience from the EUROSTAR and United Kingdom Thoracic Endograft registries显示文摘 | Leurs LJ Bell R Degrieck Y Thomas S | 2004 | J Vase Surg2004，40，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Operative Experience of Residents in US General Surgery Programs: A Gap Between Expectation and Experience显示文摘 | Richard H. Bell Thomas W. Biester Arnold Tabuenca Robert S. Rhodes Joseph B. Cofer L D. Britt Frank R. Lewis | 2009 | Annals of Surgery2009，，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Pulmonary and Mediastinal Glomus Tumors: Report of Five Cases Including a Pulmonary Glomangiosarcoma: A Clinicopathologic Study With Literature Review显示文摘 | Erich M. Gaertner David M. Steinberg Monica Huber Tomayoshi Hayashi Nobuo Tsuda Frederic B. Askin Stephen W. Bell Ba Nguyen Thomas V. Colby Stephen L. Nishimura Markku Miettinen William D. Travis | 2000 | The American Journal of Surgical Pathology2000，，8： | 1 |
| 15 | PDAs and health sciences libraries显示文摘 | Thomas A. Peters Josephine Dorsch Lori Bell Peg Burnette | 2003 | Library Hi Tech2003，，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Slash-and-bum agriculture,conversion to pasture,and deforestation in two Brazilian Amazon colonies显示文摘 | Fujisaka S Bell W Thomas N | 1996 | Agriculture Ecosystems & Environnent1996，59，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Emergency use of a transfemoral aortic occlusion catheter to control massive haemorrhage at caesarean hysterectomy 显示文摘 | Bell Thomas SM Penketh RJ Lord RH | 2003 | B JOG2003，110，12： | 1 |
| 18 | A data fusion architecture for enhanced position estimation in wireless networks显示文摘 | Thomas Kleine-Ostmann Amy E Bell | 2001 | IEEE communications letters2001，8，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Noninvasive means of measur- ing hepatic fat content 显示文摘 | Mebta SR Thomas EL Bell JD | 2008 | World J Gastroenterol2008，14，： | 1 |
| 20 | System identification and robust control of farm vehicles using CDGPS显示文摘 | Gabriel Elkaim Michael O'Conner Thomas Bell | 1997 | IONGPS-971997，12，1： | 1 |
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