| 1 | Substantial transition to clean household energy mix in rural China显示文摘The household energy mix has significant impacts on human health and climate,as it contributes greatly to many health-and climate-relevant air pollutants.Compared to the well-established urban energy statistical system,the rural household energy statistical system is incomplete and is often associated with high biases.Via a nationwide investigation,this study revealed high contributions to energy supply from coal and biomass fuels in the rural household energy sector,while electricity comprised∼20%.Stacking(the use of multiple sources of energy)is significant,and the average number of energy types was 2.8 per household.Compared to 2012,the consumption of biomass and coals in 2017 decreased by 45%and 12%,respectively,while the gas consumption amount increased by 204%.Increased gas and decreased coal consumptions were mainly in cooking,while decreased biomass was in both cooking(41%)and heating(59%).The time-sharing fraction of electricity and gases(E&G)for daily cooking grew,reaching 69%in 2017,but for space heating,traditional solid fuels were still dominant,with the national average shared fraction of E&G being only 20%.The non-uniform spatial distribution and the non-linear increase in the fraction of E&G indicated challenges to achieving universal access to modern cooking energy by 2030,particularly in less-developed rural and mountainous areas.In some non-typical heating zones,the increased share of E&G for heating was significant and largely driven by income growth,but in typical heating zones,the time-sharing fraction was<5%and was not significantly increased,except in areas with policy intervention.The intervention policy not only led to dramatic increases in the clean energy fraction for heating but also accelerated the clean cooking transition.Higher income,higher education,younger age,less energy/stove stacking and smaller family size positively impacted the clean energy transition. | Guofeng Shen Rui Xiong Yanlin Tian Zhihan Luo Bahabaike Jiangtulu Wenjun Meng Wei Du Jing Meng Yuanchen Chen Bing Xue Bin Wang Yonghong Duan Jia Duo Fenggui Fan Lei Huang Tianzhen Ju Fenggui Liu Shunxin Li Xianli Liu Yungui Li Mu Wang Ying Nan Bo Pan Yanfang Pan Lizhi Wang Eddy Zeng Chao Zhan Yilin Chen Huizhong Shen Hefa Cheng Shu Tao | 2022 | National Science Review2022，9，7： | 4 |
| 2 | Biomass dynamics of Quercus aliena var.acutesrata Community on Mountain Xiaolong in Gansu Province,China显示文摘The dynamics of tree layer biomass was studied by combining 35 sample plots of field census with biomass model estimation in a natural Quercus aliena var.acutesrata community on Mountain Xiaolong in Gansu Province,China.The tree layer biomass of Quercus aliena var.acutesrata community was 183660 kg/ha,in which the slow growth group accounted for 64.89%of the total biomass.The fast-medium growth group accounted for 33.40%and the coniferous group accounted for 1.38%.The organs biomass was found to be in the following order:trunk>root>branch>leaf.The total biomass accumulated with the development of the community.The total biomass and the biomass of the organs were highest in the mature community and became stable as the community developed.The relative growth rate of organs was in the following order:trunk>branch>root>leaf.The biomass ratio of the slow growth group trees tended to increase and the fast-medium group trees tended to decrease as the community developed,which was reveresed in the decline development stage.The biomass of the coniferous group was very small throughout the development process. | Suo Anning Ju Tianzhen Zhang Junhua Ge Jianping | 2006 | Frontiers in Biology2006，1，2： | 0 |
| 3 | Modified fiber qualities of the transgenic cotton expressing a silkworm fibroin gene显示文摘A silkworm gene for fibroin was introduced into the upland cotton WC line by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. PCR detection for fibroin, nptII and gus genes, Kanamycin (Km)-resistance analysis and GUS-histochemical assay were conducted on 30 regenerated plants from 9 callus lines, and 17 positive plants were obtained by these 5 screening methods. By Km-resistance analysis and PCR for fibroin, 6 homozygous lines in T3 were obtained. Southern blot and Northern bolt demonstrated that the fibroin gene was inserted into the genome of these 6 lines, stably inherited and expressed. Compared to the control, the surface structure of mature fiber in the 6 lines was significantly distorted and an increased number of convolution was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fiber quality traits analysis indicated that fiber elongation of the 6 homozygous lines was all increased and fiber strength of 3 lines was enhanced. These results indicated that fibroin expression influenced cotton fiber structure and quality, suggesting that fibroin has great potential for improving cotton fiber quality by genetic engineering. | LI FeiFei WU ShenJie Lǔ FenNi CHEN TianZi JU Ming WANG HaiHai JIANG YanJie ZHANG Jie GUO WangZhen ZHANG TianZhen | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，7： | 0 |
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