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| 1 | Soil physical quality as influenced by long-term fertilizer management under an intensive cropping system显示文摘In China’s major rice(Oryza sativa L.)production regions,the traditional fertilization modes are challenged by the continued decrease in manure and increase in mineral fertilizer.However,limited information exists on the influences of long-term fertilizer management on soil organic carbon(SOC)and soil physical properties under the intensive rice production system in southern China.The objective of this study was to characterize the changes of soil physical properties as related to mineral fertilizer,crop residues,and manure application based on a long-term field experiment.The experiment,initiated in 1986,has five treatments:unfertilized,mineral fertilizer alone,rice residues plus mineral fertilizer,low manure rate plus mineral fertilizer,and high manure rate plus mineral fertilizer.The cropping system consists of barley(Hordaum vulgare L.),early rice,and late rice,three crops in a year.In May 2006,after barley harvest,soil samples were collected from the 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm layers to determine SOC concentration,aggregate size distribution,bulk density(rb),saturated hydraulic conductivity(Ks),and soil water characteristic curves(SWCC).The results indicated that manure significantly reducedrb,increased SOC concentration,soil aggregation,Ks,transmission and storage porosity,as well as water retention capacity.Combined application of crop residue and mineral fertilizer also improved soil physical properties,but the improvement by mineral fertilizer alone was limited.Correlation analysis demonstrated that S,the slope of the SWCC at its inflection point,was closely associated with the selected physical parameters,suggesting S was an effective parameter for soil physical quality evaluation.Nevertheless,in applying the S-theory,a unified approach to define the residual water content should be considered. | Du Zhangliu Liu Shufu Xiao Xiaoping Yang Guangli Ren Tusheng | 2009 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2009，2，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Comparison of the thermal properties of four wettable and four water repellent soils显示文摘 | Bachmann J Horton R Ren Tusheng | 2001 | Soil Sci Soc Am J2001，65，： | 1 |
| 3 | An improved model for predicting soil thermal conductivity from water content at room temperature显示文摘 | LU Sen REN Tusheng GONG Yuanshi | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 4 | An improved model for predicting soil thermal conductivity from water content at room temperature 显示文摘 | Lu Sen Ren Tusheng Gong Yuanshi | 2007 | Soil Science Society of America Journal2007，71，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Soil Thermal Conductivity as influenced by aggregation at intermediate water contents 显示文摘 | Ju Zhaoqiong Ren Tusheng Hu Chunsheng | 2011 | Soil Sci Soc Am J2011，75，1： | 1 |
| 6 | An improved model for predicting soil thermal conductivity from water content at room temperature显示文摘 | Lu Sen Ren Tusheng Gong Yuanshi | 2007 | Soil Sci Soc2007，71，1： | 1 |
| 7 | An improved model for predicting soil thermal conductivity from water content at room temperature显示文摘 | Lu Sen Ren Tusheng Gong Yuanshi | 2007 | Soil Sci Soc Am J2007，71，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Prediction of annual reference evapotranspiration using climatic data 显示文摘 | Li Yi Horton Robert Ren Tusheng | 2010 | Agricultural Water Management2010，97，2： | 1 |
| 9 | data in North China 显示文摘 | Li Yi Horton Robert Ren Tusheng Investigating time scale effects on reference evapotranspiration from Epa | 2010 | Journal of Applied Meteoro- logy and Climatology2010，49，5： | 1 |
| 10 | An improved model for predicting soil thermal conductivity from water content at room temperature 显示文摘 | Lu Sen Ren Tusheng Gong Yuanshi | 2007 | Soil Science Society of America Journal2007，71，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Prediction of annual reference evapotranspiration using climatic data显示文摘 | Yi Li Robert Horton Ren Tusheng | 2010 | Agricultural Water Management2010，97，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of winter wheat row spacing on evapotranpsiration, grain yield and water use efficiency显示文摘 | Suyin Chen Xiying Zhang Hongyong Sun Tusheng Ren Yanmei Wang | 2009 | Agricultural Water Management2009，，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Water adaptive traits of deep-rooted C_3 halophyte(Karelinia caspica(Pall.) Less.) and shallow-rooted C_4 halophyte(Atriplex tatarica L.) in an arid region,Northwest China显示文摘This paper focused on the water relations of two halophytes differing in photosynthetic pathway,phenotype,and life cycle:Karelinia caspica(Pall.) Less.(C3,deep-rooted perennial Asteraceae grass) and Atriplex tatarica L.(C4,shallow-rooted annual Chenopodiaceae grass).Gas exchange,leaf water potential,and growth characteristics were investigated in two growing seasons in an arid area of Xinjiang to explore the physiological adaptability of the two halophytes.Both K.caspica and A.tatarica showed midday depression of transpiration,indicating that they were strong xerophytes and weak midday depression types.The roots of A.tatarica were concentrated mainly in the 0-60 cm soil layer,and the leaf water potential(ΨL) increased sharply in the 0-20 cm layer due to high soil water content,suggesting that the upper soil was the main water source.On the other hand,K.caspica had a rooting depth of about 1.5 m and a larger root/shoot ratio,which confirmed that this species uptakes water mainly from deeper soil layer.Although A.tatarica had lower transpiration water consumption,higher water use efficiency(WUE),and less water demand at the same leaf water potential,it showed larger water stress impact than K.caspica,indicating that the growth of A.tatarica was restricted more than that of K.caspica when there was no rainfall recharge.As a shallow-rooted C4 species,A.tatarica displayed lower stomatal conductance,which could to some extent reduce transpiration water loss and maintain leaf water potential steadily.In contrast,the deep-rooted C3 species K.caspica had a larger root/shoot ratio that was in favor of exploiting groundwater.We concluded that C3 species(K.caspica) tapes water and C4 species(A.tatarica) reduces water loss to survive in the arid and saline conditions.The results provided a case for the phenotype theory of Schwinning and Ehleringer on halophytic plants. | Yuan FAN PinFang LI ZhenAn HOU TuSheng REN ChunLian XIONG Biao ZHANG | 2012 | Journal of Arid Land2012，4，4： | 0 |
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