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| 1 | WONCA研究论文摘要汇编——建议冬季口服益生菌以减少应用抗生素治疗哮喘的随机对照试验显示文摘目的有研究表明儿童口服益生菌能预防呼吸道感染,从而可以减少抗生素的使用。本研究探讨了哮喘患者在冬季口服益生菌以减少应用抗生素治疗呼吸道感染的建议是否可行。方法本研究在英国1家社区医疗中心开展了随机对照试验。研究对象为5岁及以上的哮喘患者。干预措施是向哮喘患者发放传单,这种传单和普通的建议人们在冬季如何减少呼吸道感染或哮喘发作的传单不同,其内容为建议人们于2013年10月—2014年3月每日服用益生菌来减少这些疾病的发生。以研究对象中使用抗生素来治疗呼吸道感染的人数占总人数的比例作为评价结果的指标。结果 1 302例研究对象被随机分为对照组(n=650)和干预组(n=652)。干预组、对照组分别有27.7%、26.9%的患者应用了抗生素治疗呼吸道感染,两组间差异无统计学意义〔OR=1.04,95%CI(0.82,1.34)〕。服用益生菌量不多的患者在应用抗生素治疗呼吸道感染的人数比例上和对照组相比也相近〔调整后的OR=1.08,95%CI(0.69,1.69)〕。也未发现服用益生菌对治疗呼吸道感染或者哮喘急性发作有何作用。结论本研究中未发现有证据支持在冬季口服益生菌以减少使用抗生素来治疗呼吸道感染的建议。 | SMITH T D WATT H GUNN L 本刊编辑部 | 2016 | 中国全科医学2016，19，34： | 11 |
| 2 | Effect of additives and refrigeration on reducing activity, metmyoglobiin and malonaldehyde of raw ground beef显示文摘 | Hutchins B K Liu T H P Watts B M | 1967 | J Food Sci1967，32，： | 1 |
| 3 | Temporal segregation of 4-1BB versus CD28-mediated costimulation: 4-1BB ligand influences T cell numbers late in the primary response and regulates the size of the T cell memory response following influenza infection显示文摘 | Bertram E M Lau P Watts T H | 2002 | J Immunol2002，168，8： | 1 |
| 4 | TNF/TNFR family members in costimulation of T cell responses显示文摘 | Watts T H | 2005 | Annu Rev Immunol2005，23，： | 1 |
| 5 | TNF/TNFR family members in costimulation of T cell responses 显示文摘 | Watts T H | 2005 | Annu Rev Immunol2005，23，： | 1 |
| 6 | Climate Change and Social Vulnerability: The Sociology and Geography of Food Insecurity显示文摘 | Bohle H G Downing T E Watts M J | 1994 | Global Environmental Change1994，，4： | 1 |
| 7 | TNF/TNFR family members in costimulation of T cell responses 显示文摘 | WATTS T H | 2005 | Annu Re : Immuno12005，23，： | 1 |
| 8 | 4-1BB ligand mediated costimulation of human T cells induces CD4 and CD8 T cell expansion,cytokine production,and the development of cytolytic effector显示文摘 | Wen T Bukczynski J Watts T H | 2002 | J Immunol2002，168，： | 1 |
| 9 | Nitrogen transformationsin coal during pyrolysis显示文摘 | KELEMEN S R GORBATY M L KWIATEK P J FLETCHER T H WATT M SOLUM M S PUGMIRE R J | 1998 | Energy Fuels1998，12，1： | 1 |
| 10 | 4-1BB ligend-mediated costimulation of human T cells induces CD4 and CD8 T cell expansion,cytokine production,and the development of cytolytic effector function显示文摘 | Wen T Bukczynski J Watts T H | 2002 | J Immunol2002，168，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Development of a naval railgun 显示文摘 | McNab I R Stefani F Crawford M Erengil M Persad C Satapathy S Vanicek H Watt T Dampier C | 2005 | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics2005，41，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Effect of additives and refrigeration on reducing activity, metmyoglobin and malonaldehyde inraw ground beef显示文摘 | HUTCHINS B K LIU T H P WATTS B M | 1967 | Journal of Food Science1967，32，： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of additives and refrigeration on reducing activity, metmyoglobin and malonaldehyde of raw ground beef显示文摘 | HUTCHINS B K LIU T H P WATTS B M | 1967 | Food Science1967，32，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Energy implications of future stabilization of atmospheric COz con- tent显示文摘 | Hoffert M I Caldeira K Jain A K Haites E F Harvey L D D Potter S D Sehlesinger M E Schneider S H Watts R G Wigley T M L Wuebbles D J | 1998 | Nature1998，395，6705： | 1 |
| 15 | Climate Change and Social Vulnerability: Toward A Sociology and Geography of Food Insecurity显示文摘 | Bohle H G Downing T E Watts M J | 1994 | Glob Environ Change1994，1，4： | 1 |
| 16 | IL-15-dependent induction of 4-1BB promotes antigen-independent CD8 memory T cell survival显示文摘 | PULLE G VIDIRC M WATTS T H | 2006 | J Immunol2006，176，5： | 1 |
| 17 | 4-1BB ligand-mediated costimulation of human T cells induces CD4 and CD8 T cell expansion, cytokine production, and the development of cytolytic effect of function 显示文摘 | Wen T Bukczynski J Watts T H | 2002 | J Immunol2002，168，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Measuring Dynamic Heights with Inverted Echo Sounders: Results from MODE显示文摘 | Watts D R Rossby H T | 1977 | Journal of Physical Oceanography1977，7，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of Risedronate on Vertebral and on Vertebral Fractures in Women with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis:a Randomized Controlled Trial显示文摘 | Harris S T Watts N B Genant H K | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | The impact of surgery and anesthesia on post-operative cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease development: biomarkers and preventive strategies显示文摘 | KAPILA A K WATTS H R WANG T | 2014 | J Alzheimers Dis2014，41，1： | 1 |
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