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| 1 | A comparison of two kinds of eastward-moving mesoscale vortices during the mei-yu period of 2010显示文摘During the mei-yu period,the east edge of the Tibetan Plateau and the Dabie Mountain are two main sources of eastward-moving mesoscale vortices along the mei-yu front(MYF).In this study,an eastward-moving southwest vortex(SWV) and an eastward-moving Dabie vortex(DBV) during the mei-yu period of 2010 have been investigated to clarify the main similarities and differences between them.The synoptic analyses reveal that the SWV and DBV were both located at the lower troposphere;however,the SWV developed in a 'from top down' trend,whereas the DBV developed in an opposite way.There were obvious surface closed low centers corresponding to the DBV during its life span,whereas for the SWV,the closed low center only appeared at the mature stage.Cold and warm air intersected intensely after the formation of both the vortices,and the cold advection in the SWV case was stronger than that in the DBV case,whereas the warm advection in the DBV case was more intense than that in the SWV case.The Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea were main moisture sources for the SWV,whereas for the DBV,in addition to the above two moisture sources,the East China Sea was also an important moisture source.The vorticity budget indicates that the convergence was the most important common factor conducive to the formation,development,and maintenance of the SWV and DBV,whereas the conversion from the vertical vorticity to the horizontal one(tilting) was the most important common factor caused the dissipation of both of the vortices.The kinetic energy(KE) budget reveals that the KE generation by the rotational wind was the dominant factor for the enhancement of KE associated with the SWV,whereas for the DBV,the KE transport by the rotational wind was more important than the KE generation.The KE associated with the SWV and the DBV weakened with different mechanisms during the decaying stage.Furthermore,the characteristics of baroclinic and barotropic energy conversions during the life spans of both vortices indicate that the SWV and DBV both belong to the kind of subtropical mesoscale vortices. | FU ShenMing YU Fei WANG DongHai XIA RuDi | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，2： | 18 |
| 2 | Science and Prediction of Heavy Rainfall over China:Research Progress since the Reform and Opening-Up of New China显示文摘This paper reviews the major progress on development of the science and prediction of heavy rainfall over China since the beginning of the reform and opening-up of new China(roughly between 1980 and 2019).The progress of research on the physical mechanisms of heavy rainfall over China is summarized from three perspectives:1)the relevant synoptic weather systems,2)heavy rainfall in major sub-regions of China,and 3)heavy rainfall induced by typhoons.The development and application of forecasting techniques for heavy rainfall are summarized in terms of numerical weather prediction techniques and objective forecasting methods.Greatly aided by the rapid progress in meteorological observing technology and substantial improvement in electronic computing,studies of heavy rainfall in China have advanced to investigating the evolution of heavy-rain-producing storms and observational analysis of the cloud microphysical features.A deeper and more systematic understanding of the synoptic systems of importance to the production of heavy rainfall has also been developed.Operational forecast of heavy rainfall in China has changed from subjective weather event forecasts to a combination of both subjective and objective quantitative precipitation forecasts,and is now advancing toward probabilistic quantitative precipitation forecasts with the provision of forecast uncertainty information. | Yali LUO Jisong SUN Ying LI Rudi XIA Yu DU Shuai YANG Yuanchun ZHANG Jing CHEN Kan DAI Xueshun SHEN Haoming CHEN Feifan ZHOU Yimin LIU Shenming FU Mengwen WU Tiangui XIAO Yangruixue CHEN Huiqi LI Mingxin LI | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，3： | 10 |
| 3 | On the Influences of Urbanization on the Extreme Rainfall over Zhengzhou on 20 July 2021: A Convection-Permitting Ensemble Modeling Study显示文摘This study investigates the influences of urban land cover on the extreme rainfall event over the Zhengzhou city in central China on 20 July 2021 using the Weather Research and Forecasting model at a convection-permitting scale[1-km resolution in the innermost domain(d3)].Two ensembles of simulation(CTRL,NURB),each consisting of 11 members with a multi-layer urban canopy model and various combinations of physics schemes,were conducted using different land cover scenarios:(i)the real urban land cover,(ii)all cities in d3 being replaced with natural land cover.The results suggest that CTRL reasonably reproduces the spatiotemporal evolution of rainstorms and the 24-h rainfall accumulation over the key region,although the maximum hourly rainfall is underestimated and displaced to the west or southwest by most members.The ensemble mean 24-h rainfall accumulation over the key region of heavy rainfall is reduced by 13%,and the maximum hourly rainfall simulated by each member is reduced by 15–70 mm in CTRL relative to NURB.The reduction in the simulated rainfall by urbanization is closely associated with numerous cities/towns to the south,southeast,and east of Zhengzhou.Their heating effects jointly lead to formation of anomalous upward motions in and above the planetary boundary layer(PBL),which exaggerates the PBL drying effect due to reduced evapotranspiration and also enhances the wind stilling effect due to increased surface friction in urban areas.As a result,the lateral inflows of moisture and high-θe(equivalent potential temperature)air from south and east to Zhengzhou are reduced. | Yali LUO Jiahua ZHANG Miao YU Xudong LIANG Rudi XIA Yanyu GAO Xiaoyu GAO Jinfang YIN | 2023 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2023，40，3： | 4 |
| 4 | On the Diurnal Cycle of Heavy Rainfall over the Sichuan Basin during 10–18 August 2020显示文摘A sustained heavy rainfall event occurred over the Sichuan basin in southwest China during 10–18 August 2020,showing pronounced diurnal rainfall variations with nighttime peak and afternoon minimum values,except on the first day.Results show that the westward extension of the anomalously strong western Pacific subtropical high was conducive to the maintenance of a southerly low-level jet(LLJ)in and to the southeast of the basin,which favored continuous water vapor transport and abnormally high precipitable water in the basin.The diurnal cycle of rainfall over the basin was closely related to the periodic oscillation of the LLJ in both wind speed and direction that was caused by the combination of inertial oscillation and terrain thermal forcing.The nocturnally enhanced rainfall was produced by moist convection mostly initiated during the evening hours over the southwest part of the basin where high convective available potential energy with moister near-surface moist air was present.The convective initiation took place as cold air from either previous precipitating clouds from the western Sichuan Plateau or a larger-scale northerly flow met a warm and humid current from the south.It was the slantwise lifting of the warm,moist airflow above the cold air,often facilitated by southwest vortices and quasi-geostrophic ascent,that released the convective instability and produced heavy rainfall. | Rudi XIA Yali LUO Da-Lin ZHANG Mingxin LI Xinghua BAO Jisong SUN | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，12： | 2 |
| 5 | On the vorticity and energy budgets of the cold vortex in Northeast China: a case study显示文摘 | Rudi Xia Shenming Fu Donghai Wang | 2012 | Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics2012，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Functional markers in wheat: current status and future prospects显示文摘 | Yanan Liu Zhonghu He Rudi Appels Xianchun Xia | 2012 | Theoretical and Applied Genetics2012，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Efficiently Improving Ensemble Forecasts of Warm-Sector Heavy Rainfall over Coastal Southern China: Targeted Assimilation to Reduce the Critical Initial Field Errors显示文摘Warm-sector heavy rainfall events over southern China are difficult to accurately forecast, due in part to inaccurate initial fields in numerical weather prediction models. In order to determine an efficient way of reducing the critical initial field errors, this study conducts and compares two sets of 60-member ensemble forecast experiments of a warm-sector heavy rainfall event over coastal southern China without data assimilation(NODA) and with radar radial velocity data assimilation(RadarDA). Yangjiang radar data, which can provide offshore high-resolution wind field information, were assimilated by using a Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)-based ensemble Kalman filter(EnKF) system. The results show that the speed and direction errors of the southeasterly airflow in the marine boundary layer over the northern South China Sea may primarily be responsible for the forecast errors in rainfall and convection evolution. Targeted assimilation of radial velocity data from the Yangjiang radar can reduce the critical initial field errors of most members, resulting in improvements to the ensemble forecast. Specifically, RadarDA simulations indicate that radial-velocity data assimilation(VrDA) can directly reduce the initial field errors in wind speed and direction, and indirectly and slightly adjust the initial moisture fields in most members, thereby improving the evolution features of moisture transport during the subsequent forecast period. Therefore, these RadarDA members can better capture the initiation and development of convection and have higher forecast skill for the convection evolution and rainfall. The improvement in the deterministic forecasts of most members results in an improved overall ensemble forecast performance. However, VrDA sometimes results in inappropriate adjustment of the initial wind field,so the forecast skill of a few members decreases rather than increases after VrDA. This suggests that a degree of uncertainty remains about the effect of the WRF-based EnKF system. Moreover, the results further indicate that accurate forecasts of the convection evolution and rainfall of warm-sector heavy rainfall events over southern China are challenging. | Xinghua BAO Rudi XIA Yali LUO Jian YUE | 2023 | Journal of Meteorological Research2023，37，4： | 0 |
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