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| 1 | Changes in visibility with PM_(2.5) composition and relative humidity at a background site in the Pearl River Delta region显示文摘In fall–winter, 2007–2013, visibility and light scattering coefficients(b sp) were measured along with PM_(2.5)mass concentrations and chemical compositions at a background site in the Pearl River Delta(PRD) region. The daily average visibility increased significantly(p < 0.01) at a rate of 1.1 km/year, yet its median stabilized at ~13 km. No haze days occurred when the 24-hr mean PM_(2.5)mass concentration was below 75 μg/m^3. By multiple linear regression on the chemical budget of particle scattering coefficient(b sp), we obtained site-specific mass scattering efficiency(MSE) values of 6.5 ± 0.2, 2.6 ± 0.3, 2.4 ± 0.7 and 7.3 ± 1.2 m2/g,respectively, for organic matter(OM), ammonium sulfate(AS), ammonium nitrate(AN) and sea salt(SS). The reconstructed light extinction coefficient(b ext) based on the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments(IMPROVE) algorithm with our site-specific MSE revealed that OM, AS, AN, SS and light-absorbing carbon(LAC) on average contributed 45.9% ± 1.6%,25.6% ± 1.2%, 12.0% ± 0.7%, 11.2% ± 0.9% and 5.4% ± 0.3% to light extinction, respectively.Averaged b ext displayed a significant reduction rate of 14.1/Mm·year(p < 0.05); this rate would be 82% higher if it were not counteracted by increasing relative humidity(RH) and hygroscopic growth factor(f(RH)) at rates of 2.5% and 0.16/year-1(p < 0.01), respectively, during the fall–winter, 2007–2013. This growth of RH and f(RH) partly offsets the positive effects of lowered AS in improving visibility, and aggravated the negative effects of increasing AN to impair visibility. | Xiaoxin Fu Xinming Wang Qihou Hu Guanghui Li Xiang Ding Yanli Zhang Quanfu He Tengyu Liu Zhou Zhang Qingqing Yu Ruqing Shen Xinhui Bi | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，2： | 18 |
| 2 | Knowledge Model for Electric Power Big Data Based on Ontology and Semantic Web显示文摘It is very important for the development of electric power big data technology to use the electric power knowledge.A new electric power knowledge theory model is proposed here to solve the problem of normalized modeled electric power knowledge for the management and analysis of electric power big data.Current modeling techniques of electric power knowledge are viewed as inadequate because of the complexity and variety of the relationships among electric power system data.Ontology theory and semantic web technologies used in electric power systems and in many other industry domains provide a new kind of knowledge modeling method.Based on this,this paper proposes the structure,elements,basic calculations and multidimensional reasoning method of the new knowledge model.A modeling example of the regulations defined in electric power system operation standard is demonstrated.Different forms of the model and related technologies are also introduced,including electric power system standard modeling,multi-type data management,unstructured data searching,knowledge display and data analysis based on semantic expansion and reduction.Research shows that the new model developed here is powerful and can adapt to various knowledge expression requirements of electric power big data.With the development of electric power big data technology,it is expected that the knowledge model will be improved and will be used in more applications. | Yanhao Huang Xiaoxin Zhou | 2015 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2015，1，1： | 17 |
| 3 | A DC Grid Benchmark Model for Studies of Interconnection of Power Systems显示文摘Reducing carbon emissions in the power sector is critical for transitioning to a sustainable and low-carbon future.Estimating carbon efficiency of demand side response(DSR)in the power system is an important step towards realizing potential environmental benefits.Marginal emission factor(MEF)is an effective tool for estimating incremental changes in carbon emissions as a result of a change in demand.However,estimation methods currently used for evaluating MEF can be improved upon,specifically,by factoring in the ramp-rate constraint of generators in the fuel cost based merit order dispatch.In this paper is described a new method for MEF assessment under ramp-rate constraints;the method is then compared with two conventional estimations in a British power system.Three fuel price scenarios are used to conduct a sensitivity analysis of MEFs to fuel prices.Conclusions are drawn that can pave the way for future improvements in estimating MEF in power systems. | Ting An Xiaoxin Zhou Congda Han Yanan Wu Zhiyuan He Hui Pang Guangfu Tang | 2015 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2015，1，4： | 17 |
| 4 | Analysis of Low Frequency Oscillation and Source Location in Power Systems显示文摘The major problem in current online diagnosis and analysis for power system oscillation is mainly concerned with finding the oscillation source in a fast and correct way using the data collected by the Wide Area Measurement System(WAMS).This paper for the first time proposes a scheme of cut set energy based on WAMS.Independent of accurate parameters,the scheme can make full use of WAMS data based on cut set energy construction and fast calculation to locate the source during oscillation.Afterwards,a scheme of torque decomposition is proposed,based on which the controller’s torque can be divided into damping torque and synchronous torque by calculation through WAMS data,and this paper puts forward the abnormal response and simulation models calibration of influential controllers.Analysis of an oscillation case shows how the cut set energy scheme and the torque decomposition scheme are applied in a real-world power system,and the schemes are proven to be reliable and practical in identifying and locating oscillation sources. | Yinbiao Shu Xiaoxin Zhou Wenfeng Li | 2018 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2018，4，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Optimal Operation of Integrated Energy Systems Subject to Coupled Demand Constraints of Electricity and Natural Gas显示文摘This paper proposes a hybrid multi-objective optimization and game-theoretic approach(HMOGTA)to achieve the optimal operation of integrated energy systems(IESs)consisting of electricity and natural gas(E&G)utility networks,multiple distributed energy stations(DESs),and multiple energy users(EUs).The HMOGTA aims to solve the coordinated operation strategy of the electricity and natural gas networks considering the demand characteristics of DESs and EUs.In the HMOGTA,a hierarchical Stackelberg game model is developed for generating equilibrium strategies of DESs and EUs in each district energy network(DEN).Based on the game results,we obtain the coupling demand constraints of electricity and natural gas(CDCENs)which reflect the relationship between the amounts and prices of electricity and cooling(E&C)that DESs purchase from utility networks.Furthermore,the minimization of conflicting costs of E&G networks considering the CDCENs are solved by a multi-objective optimization method.A case study is conducted on a test IES composed of a 20-node natural gas network,a modified IEEE 30-bus system,and 3 DENs,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed HMOGTA to realize fair treatment for all participants in the IES. | Yingjie Qin Lilan Wu Jiehui Zheng Mengshi Li Zhaoxia Jing Q.H.Wu Xiaoxin Zhou Feng Wei | 2020 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2020，6，2： | 7 |
| 6 | Integrated Energy Production Unit: An Innovative Concept and Design for Energy Transition Toward Low-carbon Development显示文摘To achieve the goals of emission peak and carbon neutrality,significant effort is invested to accelerate the energy transition,with a focus on the development and utilization of renewable energy,as well as the upgrading of conventional units.Within this context,this paper proposes an innovative concept,known as the integrated energy production unit(IEPU),providing a variety of energy products and flexible adjustment functions for power systems with high penetration of non-hydro renewable energy.In the IEPU framework,a photovoltaic(PV)power plant is installed to produce electricity;CO_(2) capture technology is applied to the existing coal-fired power plant with biomass co-combustion.The generated CO_(2) is used to synthesize methane or methanol with hydrogen through electrolysis.First,the operational principle and advantages of this concept are illustrated.Then,a simplified model is built to provide an optimal configuration scheme of equipment capacity.Finally,the potential contribution of IEPU to the operational flexibility of the power system is also analyzed. | Xiaoxin Zhou Qiang Zhao Yuqiong Zhang Li Sun | 2021 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2021，7，6： | 7 |
| 7 | Compositions and sources of organic acids in fine particles(PM_(2.5)) over the Pearl River Delta region, south China显示文摘Organic acids as important constituents of organic aerosols not only influence the aerosols' hygroscopic property, but also enhance the formation of new particles and secondary organic aerosols. This study reported organic acids including C14–C32fatty acids, C4–C9dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids in PM2.5collected during winter 2009 at six typical urban, suburban and rural sites in the Pearl River Delta region. Averaged concentrations of C14–C32fatty acids, aromatic acids and C4– C9 dicarboxylic acids were 157, 72.5 and 50.7 ng/m3, respectively. They totally accounted for 1.7% of measured organic carbon. C20–C32fatty acids mainly deriving from higher plant wax showed the highest concentration at the upwind rural site with more vegetation around, while C14–C18fatty acids were more abundant at urban and suburban sites, and dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids except 1,4-phthalic acid peaked at the downwind rural site. Succinic and azelaic acid were the most abundant among C4–C9dicarboxylic acids, and 1,2-phthalic and 1,4-phthalic acid were dominant aromatic acids. Dicarboxylic acids and aromatic acids exhibited significant mutual correlations except for 1,4-phthalic acid, which was probably primarily emitted from combustion of solid wastes containing polyethylene terephthalate plastics. Spatial patterns and correlations with typical source tracers suggested that C14–C32fatty acids were mainly primary while dicarboxylic and aromatic acids were largely secondary. Principal component analysis resolved six sources including biomass burning, natural higher plant wax, two mixed anthropogenic and two secondary sources; further multiple linear regression revealed their contributions to individual organic acids. It turned out that more than 70% of C14–C18fatty acids were attributed to anthropogenic sources, about 50%–85% of the C20–C32fatty acids were attributed to natural sources, 80%–95% of dicarboxylic acids and 1,2-phthalic acid were secondary in contrast with that 81% of 1,4-phthalic acid was primary. | Xiuying Zhao Xinming Wang Xiang Ding Quanfu He Zhou Zhang Tengyu Liu Xiaoxin Fu Bo Gao Yunpeng Wang Yanli Zhang Xuejiao Deng Dui Wu | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Standardized Operational Protocol for Human Brain Banking in China显示文摘With the progress of society, there is an increasing need to tackle disorders of the central nervous system. Human brain tissue, unlike animal tissues, is an irreplaceable resource for the study of neurological diseases (1)Aimed at scientific research and education, the roles of human brain tissue repositories are to acquire brain tissue from donors, prepare, process, and preserve collected samples,provide tissue to specific eligible facilities, and determine the characteristics of each tissue sample. | Wenying Qiu Hanlin Zhang Aimin Bao Keqing Zhu Yue Huang Xiaoxin Yan Jing Zhang Chunjiu Zhong Yong Shen Jiangning Zhou Xiaoying Zheng Liwei Zhang Yousheng Shu Beisha Tang Zhenxin Zhang Gang Wang Ren Zhou Bing Sun Changlin Gong Shumin Duan Chao Ma | 2019 | Neuroscience Bulletin2019，35，2： | 6 |
| 9 | Imaging energetic electron spectrometer onboard a Chinese navigation satellite in the inclined GEO orbit显示文摘The energetic electron measurement is one of the most important issues to understand dynamics in space physics and the applications for space weather. In this study, the principle and functional components of the imaging energetic electron spectrometer(IES) onboard a Chinese navigation satellite in the inclined GEO orbit(IGSO) was introduced. The IES instrument is developed by the team in Peking University(BeiDa), thus it is named as BD-IES. Based on the pin-hole technique, the instrument can measure 50–600 keV electrons incident from 9 directions over a range of 180° in polar angle. With pulse height analysis(PHA), the spectrum can be determined for each direction. The energy and angular calibrations were performed, which show the good energy and angular characteristics of BD-IES. Monte Carlo simulations show that the anti-proton design of BDIES can effectively decrease the proton contamination on the electron measurements in the inclined GEO orbit. The primary results of BD-IES verify the successful design of this instrument. | ZOU Hong YE YuGuang ZONG QiuGang CHEN HongFei ZOU JiQing CHEN Jiang SHI WeiHong YU XiangQian ZHONG WeiYing WANG YongFu ZHOU XuZhi HAO YiXin CHEN XingRan JIA XiangHong XU Feng SHAO SiPei WANG Bo HAO XiaoYun ZHANG XiaoXin | 2018 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2018，61，12： | 5 |
| 10 | Switching Power System Stabilizer and Its Coordination for Enhancement of Multi-machine Power System Stability显示文摘This paper proposes a coordinated switching power system stabilizer(SPSS)to enhance the stability of multimachine power systems.The SPSS switches between a bang-bang power system stabilizer(BPSS)and a conventional power system stabilizer(CPSS)based on a state-dependent switching strategy.The BPSS is designed as a bang-bang constant funnel controller(BCFC).It is able to provide fast damping of rotor speed oscillations in a bang-bang manner.The closed-loop stability of the power system controlled by the SPSSs and the CPSSs is analyzed.To verify the control performance of the SPSS,simulation studies are carried out in a 4-generator 11-bus power system and the IEEE 16-generator 68-bus power system.The damping ability of the SPSS is evaluated in aspects of small-signal oscillation damping and transient stability enhancement,respectively.Meanwhile,the coordination between different SPSSs and the coordination between the SPSS and the CPSS are investigated therein. | Yang Liu Qinghua Wu Haotian Kang Xiaoxin Zhou | 2016 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2016，2，2： | 4 |
| 11 | Monte Carlo simulations of the sensor head of imaging energetic electron spectrometer onboard a Chinese IGSO navigation satellite显示文摘An imaging energetic electron spectrometer built by the Peking University team(BD-IES) onboard a Chinese navigation satellite in an inclined GEO orbit has been launched successfully in September 2015, which measures the spectra of the energetic electrons with the energy range of 50–600 keV in nine directions. In this study, Monte Carlo simulations of the BD-IES sensor head were performed using Geant4 and the corresponding characteristic responses to the isotropic energetic particles were derived. The effective geometric factors were estimated using the typical electron and proton spectra in the GEO orbit and the corresponding simulated sensor head responses. It was found that the average effective geometric factors of nine directions are close to the nominal geometric factors calculated with the traditional method, but the effective geometric factor decreases as the center energy of the energy channel decreases. The BD-IES sensor head also responses to the energetic protons, but the average contamination rate of all 72 channels is about 2%, which means that the proton contamination is acceptable. The spectra of the energetic electrons measured by BD-IES are derived using the effective geometric factors of the sensor head and are comparable with the spectra measured by the magnetic electron ion spectrometer(MagEIS) instrument onboard Van Allen Probes. | ZOU Hong YE YuGuang ZONG QiuGang CHEN HongFei LUO Lin ZHOU XuZhi CHEN XingRan HAO YiXin REN Jie WANG YongFu SHI WeiHong YU XiangQian JIA XiangHong XU Feng ZHANG XiaoXin | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，7： | 3 |
| 12 | Real-time Online Analysis of Power Grid显示文摘The unprecedented operational complexity and se-curity risks in operating the Chinese UHV AC/DC power grid calls for a new generation of real-time(sec-order)online analysis systems to provide decision support.Our recent Digital Twin based online analysis research and development work to address the needs is presented.In addition,a high-level solution architec-ture for the future real-time online analysis systems is proposed for realizing:a)The delay of the virtual model to mirror the physical power grid is in sub-sec range;b)The downstream online analysis applications could have sec-order responsiveness. | Mike Zhou Jianfeng Yan Xiaoxin Zhou | 2020 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2020，6，1： | 3 |
| 13 | H_∞tracking design for a class of decentralized nonlinear systems via fuzzy adaptive observer显示文摘A novel H_∞tracking-based decentralized indirect adaptive output feedback fuzzy controller for a class of uncertain large-scale nonlinear systems is developed.By virtue of the proper filtering of the observation error dynamics,the observer-based decentralized indirect adaptive fuzzy control scheme is presented for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems using the combination of H_∞tracking technique,a fuzzy adaptive observer and fuzzy inference systems.The output feedback and adaptation mechanisms are both robust and implementable indeed owing to their freedom from the unavailable observation error vector.All the signals of the closed-loop largescale system are guaranteed to stay uniformly bounded and the output errors take on H_∞tracking performance. Simulation results substantiate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. | Huang Yishao Zhou Dequn Chen Xiaoxin Du Lin | 2009 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2009，20，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Analysis and Design of Vector Control for VSC-HVDC Connected to Weak Grids显示文摘Voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission(VSC-HVDC)is considered one of the most suitable technologies to integrate renewable energies.However,connecting VSC to a weak grid is challenging since traditional vector control tends to become unstable under high power demand conditions.In this paper,an improved vector control method is proposed wherein a feed forward branch based on steady state and small signal analysis of the VSC system is added under weak grid situations.The feed forward branch promotes faster reactive power response,thus enhancing the stability of the VSC system.Since the improved vector control uses the same inner loop as traditional vector control,the proposed method allows for the ability to retain fault current suppression capabilities.Furthermore,the control parameters of the outer loop of the improved vector control need not vary according to the variation of the operating points,which makes it easy to implement.The feed forward branch is implemented by solving a nonlinear equation or through use of a look-up table.The influence of the estimation errors of short circuit ratio(SCR)on the control performance is also studied.The effectiveness of the improved vector control is demonstrated through small signal model analysis and time domain simulations. | Guanglu Wu Jun Liang Xiaoxin Zhou Yalou Li Agusti Egea-Alvarez Gen Li Hongying Peng Xing Zhang | 2017 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2017，3，2： | 3 |
| 15 | Switching Excitation Controller for Enhancement of Transient Stability of Multi-machine Power Systems显示文摘This paper proposes a switching structure excitation controller(SSEC)to enhance the transient stability of multimachine power systems.The SSEC switches between a bangbang funnel excitation controller(BFEC)and a conventional excitation controller(CEC),based on an appropriately designed state-dependent switching strategy.Only the tracking error of rotor angle is required to realize the BFEC in a bang-bang manner with two control values.If the feasibility assumptions of the BFEC are satisfied,the tracking error of rotor angle can be regulated within the predefined error funnels.The power system having the SSEC installed can achieve faster convergence performance compared to that having the CEC implemented only.Simulation studies are carried out in the New England 10-generator 39-bus power system.The control performance of the SSEC is evaluated in the cases that three-phase-to-ground fault and transmission line outage occur in the power system,respectively. | Haotian Kang Yang Liu Qinghua Wu Xiaoxin Zhou | 2015 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2015，1，3： | 2 |
| 16 | Online Decision-Making and Control of Power System Stability Based on Super-Real-Time Simulation显示文摘During power grid cascading failure,the operating point changes frequently,resulting in a mismatch or inaccuracy of online pre-decision making emergency control strategy.To solve this problem,an online power system stability decisionmaking and control method based on super-real-time simulation is presented in this paper.A decision-making and control system is developed in which the three main operation modes,offline pre-decision-making,online pre-decision-making,and real-time control,are all coordinated.To verify the method,ADPSS(advanced digital power system simulator)is used to simulate a digital power grid with about 20,000 buses.The closed-loop operation of the digital power grid and the online decisionmaking and control system are implemented.Test results show that when online pre-decision making control strategies are mismatched,aided real-time control works well and can prevent power grid stability loss. | Fang Tian Xing Zhang Zhihong Yu Weijiang Qiu Dongyu Shi Jian Qiu Min Liu Yalou Li Xiaoxin Zhou | 2016 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2016，2，1： | 2 |
| 17 | Overview of control scheme for the TCSC to enhance the stability of power system显示文摘 | Zhou Xiaoxin Liang Jun | 1998 | IEEE Proceadings of Generation Transmission and Distribution1998，146，2： | 1 |
| 18 | An overview of power transmission systems in China显示文摘 | Zhou Xiaoxin Yi Jun Song Ruihua | 2010 | Energy2010，35，11： | 1 |
| 19 | Combustion characteristics and influential factors of isooctane active-thermal atmosphere combustion assisted by two-stage reaction of n -heptane显示文摘 | Xingcai Lu Libin Ji Junjun Ma Xiaoxin Zhou Zhen Huang | 2010 | Combustion and Flame2010，，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Synthesis of diamond using nano-graphite and Fe powder under high pressure and high temperature显示文摘 | Chao Wen Zhihao Jin Xiaoxin Liu Deyu Sun Xun Li Gang Zhou Junde Lin Zhaoyin Hao | 2006 | Materials Letters2006，，29： | 1 |
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