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| 1 | Expression of plasma vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and effect of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy on plasma vascular endothelial growth factor level显示文摘AIM: To investigate the expression level of plasma vascularendothelial growth factor (P-VEGF) in patients withhepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its relationship withthe clinicopathologic characteristics, and to examine thechanges of P-VEGF in the course of transcatheter arterialchemoembolization (TACE).METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were taken from 45HCC patients before and 1, 3, 7 d, and 1 mo after TACE.Plasma VEGF level was measured with the quantitativesandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Twenty patients with benign liver lesions and 17 healthycontrol subjects were also included in this study.RESULTS: Plasma VEGF levels in HCC patients weresignificantly elevated as compared to those in patients withbenign liver lesions (P = 0.006) and in the normal controls(P = 0.003). Significant differences were observed whenP-VEGF was categorized by tumor size (P = 0.006), portalvein thrombosis (P= 0.011), distant metastasis (P= 0.017),arterial-portal vein shunting (P = 0.026), and InternationalUnion Against Cancer (UICC) TNM stage (P = 0.044). Therewas no correlation between plasma level of VEGF and thelevel of alpha fetoprotein (^-FP) (r = 0.068, P = 0.658) andweakly correlated with the number of platelets (r = 0.312,P = 0.038). P-VEGF levels increased significantly andreached the peak value on the first day after TACE, and thendecreased gradually. The change rate of P-VEGF concentration(one month post-TACE/pre-TACExl00%) was correlatedwith the retention rate of lipiodol oil (rs = 0.494, P= 0.001)and the tumor volume change (r s = 0.340, P = 0.034).The patients who achieved a partial or complete responseto TACE therapy showed significantly less pre-treatmentP-VEGF than those nonresponders (P = 0.025). A high pre-therapeutic P-VEGF level was associated with poor responseto treatment (P = 0.018).CONCLUSION: A high pre-treatment P-VEGF level is auseful marker for tumor nroeression, esBeciallv for vascularinvasion. TACE increases the level of P-VEGF onlytemporarily which may be associated with tumor ischemia.P-VEGF may be useful in predicting treatment response,monitoring disease course after TACE and judging the effectof different TACE regimens. | XinLi Gan-ShengFeng Chuan-ShengZheng Chen-KaiZhuo XiLiu | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，19： | 53 |
| 2 | Assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma vascularity before and after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization by using first pass perfusion weighted MR imaging显示文摘To assess the vascularity of hepatocllular carcinoma (HCC)before and after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) with the quantitative parameters obtained by firstpass perfusion weighted MR imaging (FP-MRI). | Jun-GongZhao Gan-ShengFeng xiang-QuanKong XinLi Ming-HuaLi Ying-ShengCheng | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，8： | 24 |
| 3 | Changes of tumor microcirculation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization:First pass perfusion MR imaging and Chinese ink casting in a rabbit model显示文摘AIM: To observe the change of tumor microcirculation after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with bletilla microspheres by using first pass perfusion MR imaging (FP) and Chinese ink casting.METHODS: VX2 carcinoma cells were surgically implanted into the left and right lobes of liver of 30 New Zealand white rabbits, which were divided into 3 groups at random. Emulsion of lipiodol mixed with mitomydn C, and 5-FU bletilla microspheres were injected into the hepatic artery respectively, and saline was used as control agent. MR imaging was performed with turbo-flash sequence 14 d after tumor implantation and 7 d after interventional therapy. The steepest slopes (SS) of the signal intensity versus time curves were created for quantitative analysis, 7.5% Chinese ink gelatin solution was injected through ascending artery (17 cases) or portal vein(2 cases) for lesion microvessel area (MVA) measurement after the last MRI examination.The correlation between perfusion imaging and MVA was studied blindly.RESULTS: The SS values at the rim of tumor in lipiodol group (mean, 49% per second) and bletilla group (mean,35% per second) were significantly decreased (P<0.05) as compared with control group (mean, 124% per second), no difference was found between lipiodol and bletilla groups(P>0.05). In lipiodol group, the MVAs (24 974±11 836μm^2) in the center of the tumor were significantly smaller than those of the control group (35 510±15 675 μm^2) (P<0.05),while the MVAs (80 031±22 745 μm^2) around the tumor were significantly increased because small and dense plexuses appeared around the tumor which correlated to intense reaction of granulation tissue. None of the vessels was seen in the tumor in bletilla group, the peripheral MVAs of the tumor were significantly smaller than those of the control group (P<0.05) and lipiodol group (P<0.05). There was a good correlation between SS and MVAs in control group (rsl, 0.985, P<0.0001) and bletilla group (rsl, 0.743,P<0.05), the correlation was not significant in lipiodol group(rsl, 0.527, P>0.05).CONCLUSION: TACE with bletilla microspheres may enhance its anti-tumor effect by inhibiting the angiogenesis,and FP-MRI provides useful information to assess the TACE effect by depicting tumor vascularization and perfusion, | Jun-GongZhao Gan-ShengFeng Xiang-QuanKong XinLi Ming-HuaLi Ying-ShengCheng | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，10： | 22 |
| 4 | Recent advances of microneedles for biomedical applications: drug delivery and beyond显示文摘The microneedle(MN), a highly efficient and versatile device, has attracted extensive scientific and industrial interests in the past decades due to prominent properties including painless penetration, low cost, excellent therapeutic efficacy, and relative safety. The robust microneedle enabling transdermal delivery has a paramount potential to create advanced functional devices with superior nature for biomedical applications. In this review, a great effort has been made to summarize the advance of microneedles including their materials and latest fabrication method, such as three-dimensional printing(3DP). Importantly, a variety of representative biomedical applications of microneedles such as disease treatment, immunobiological administration, disease diagnosis and cosmetic field, are highlighted in detail. At last, conclusions and future perspectives for development of advanced microneedles in biomedical fields have been discussed systematically. Taken together, as an emerging tool, microneedles have showed profound promise for biomedical applications. | Jian Yang Xinli Liu Yunzhi Fu Yujun Song | 2019 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2019，9，3： | 21 |
| 5 | Substance P-modified human serum albumin nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel for targeted therapy of glioma显示文摘The blood–brain barrier(BBB) and the poor ability of many drugs to cross that barrier greatly limits the efficacy of chemotherapies for glioblastoma multiforme(GBM). The present study exploits albumin as drug delivery vehicle to promote the chemotherapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel(PTX) by improving the stability and targeting efficiency of PTX/albumin nanoparticles(NPs). Here we characterize PTX-loaded human serum albumin(HSA) NPs stabilized with intramolecular disulfide bonds and modified with substance P(SP) peptide as the targeting ligand. The fabricated SP-HSA-PTX NPs exhibited satisfactory drug-loading content(7.89%) and entrapment efficiency(85.7%) with a spherical structure(about 150 nm) and zeta potential of -12.0 mV. The in vitro drug release from SP-HSA-PTX NPs occurred in a redox-responsive manner. Due to the targeting effect of the SP peptide, cellular uptake of SP-HSA-PTX NPs into brain capillary endothelial cells(BCECs) and U87 cells was greatly improved.The low IC_(50), prolonged survival period and the obvious pro-apoptotic effect shown by TUNEL analysis all demonstrated that the fabricated SP-HSA-PTX NPs showed a satisfactory anti-tumor effect and could serve as a novel strategy for GBM treatment. | Chunhui Ruan Lisha Liu Yifei Lu Yu Zhang Xi He Xinli Chen Yujie Zhang Qinjun Chen Qin Guo Tao Sun Chen Jiang | 2018 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2018，8，1： | 19 |
| 6 | Antitumor effect of Gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, combined with cytotoxic agent on murine hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of gefitinib combined with cytotoxic agent cisplatin (CDDP) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: Female Kunming mice and H22 hepatocarcinorna cells were used. Gefitinib at daily dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) or lecithin liquid was given by gastrogavage once a day for 5 or 10 successive days.CDDP or normal saline (NS) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a day for 5 successive days.Mice were randomly divided into control group (lecithin,or NS, i.p.), CDDP group (daily dose, 1.2 mg/kg BW; d1-5,or d6-10), Gefitinib (d1-5, or d6-10, or d1-10), and Gefitinib combined with CDDP groups. The inhibitory rate (IR) of tumor, net BW, spleen index (SI), thymus index(TI) and the amount of peripheral blood cells of mice were detected on the 12th experiment day.RESULTS: The growth of HCC in mice was inhibited by Gefitinib alone (IR: 41% in d1-10 group and 30% in d1-5group, respectively) or CDDP alone (IR: 32-54% in d1-5group or d6-10 group). The highest inhibitory effect (IR:56%) on HCC growth was observed in Gefitinib (d1-10)combined with CDDP (d1-5) group. Higher inhibition was also observed in CDDP (d1-5) followed by Gefitinib (d6-10)group than that in Gefitinib (d1-5) followed by CDDP (d6-10) group (IR: 61% vs36%, P<0.01) in the independent study. Net BW, SI, TI and the amount of blood cells of mice in Gefitinib alone group were not significantly different from those in control groups.CONCLUSION: Gefitinib can significantly inhibit the growth of murine H22 hepatocellular carcinoma. If Gefitinib is used after CDDP treatment in animal experiments, the inhibitory effect could be enhanced. | Bu-DongZhu Shou-JunYuan Qi-ChengZhao XinLi Qi-YingLu | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，9： | 18 |
| 7 | Effects of Exogenous Spermidine on Antioxidant System Responses of Typha latifolia L. Under Cd^2+ Stress显示文摘The effects of foliar spraying with spermidine (Spd), ranging in concentration from 0.25 to 0.50mmol/L, on the antioxidant system under Cd2+ stress (range 0.1- 0.2 mmol/L Cd2+) in Typha latifolia L.grown hydroponically were investigated in order to offer a referenced evidence for an understanding of the mechanism by which polyamines (PAs) relieve the damage to plants by heavy metal and improve the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metal-contaminated water. The results showed that Cd2+ stress inhydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in both leaves and caudices. With theexception of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaves, an increase in the activities of catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione reductase (GR) was observed in both leaves and caudices,SOD activity was increased in caudices, and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity was increased in leaves following Cd2+ treatment. The reduced glutathione (GSH) content in both leaves and caudices and the reductive ascorbate content in leaves was obviously increased, which were prompted by the application of exogenous Spd. Spraying with Spd increased the activity of GR and APX in both leaves and caudices,whereas the activity of SOD, CAT, and GPX was increased only in caudices following spraying with Spd.with Spd. The decrease in MDA was more obvious following the application of 0.25 than 0.50 mmol/L Spd.It is supposed that exogenous Spd elevated the tolerance of T. latifolia under Cd2+ stress primarily by increasing GR activity and the GSH level. | Chun-FangTANG Yun-GuoLIU Guang-MingZENG XinLI Wei-HuaXU Cheng-FengLI Xing-ZhongYUAN | 2005 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2005，47，4： | 17 |
| 8 | Slope Stability Analysis Based on Group Decision Theory and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation显示文摘A slope stability evaluation method is proposed combining group decision theory,the analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.The index weight assignment of each evaluation element is determined by group decision theory and the analytic hierarchy process,and the membership degree of each indicator is determined based on fuzzy set theory.According to the weights and memberships,the membership degrees of the criterion layer are obtained by fuzzy operations to evaluate the slope stability.The results show that(1)the evaluation method comprehensively combines the effects of multiple factors on the slope stability,and the evaluation results are accurate;(2)the evaluation method can fully leverage the experience of the expert group and effectively avoid evaluation errors caused by the subjective bias of a single expert;(3)based on a group decision theory entropy model,this evaluation method can quantitatively evaluate the reliability of expert decisions and effectively improve the efficiency of expert group discussion;and(4)the evaluation method can transform the originally fuzzy and subjective slope stability evaluation into a quantitative evaluation. | Peng Xia Xinli Hu Shuangshuang Wu Chunye Ying Chang Liu | 2020 | Journal of Earth Science2020，31，6： | 11 |
| 9 | Vascular endothelial growth factor antisense oligodeoxynucleotides with lipiodol in arterial embolization of liver cancer in rats显示文摘AIM:Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of the hepatic artery has been accepted as an effective treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However,embolized vessel recanalization and collateral circulation formation are the main factors of HCC growth and recurrence and metastasis alter TAE. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis.This study was to explore the inhibitory effect of VEGF antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on VEGF expression in cultured Walker-256 cells and to observe the anti-tumor effect of intra-arterial infusion of antisense ODNs mixed with lipiodol on rat liver cancer.METHODS: VEGF antisense ODNs and sense ODNs were added to the media of non-serum cultured Walker-256 cells.Forty-eight hours later, VEGF concentrations of supernatants were detected by EUSA. Endothelial cell line ECV-304 cells were cultured in the supernatants. Seventy-two hours later,growth of ECV-304 cells was analyzed by NTT method. Thirty Walker-256 cell implanted rat liver tumor models were divided into 3 groups.0.2 mL lipiodol (LP group, n=10), 3OD antisense ODNs mixed with 0.2 mL lipiodol (LP+ODNs group, n=10) and 0.2 mL normal saline (control group, n=10) were infused into the hepatic artery. Volumes of tumors were measured by MRI before and 7 d alter the treatment.VEGF mRNA in cancerous and peri-cancerous tissues was detected by RT-PCR. Microvessel density (MVD) and VEGF expression were observed by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Antisense ODNs inhibited Walker-256 cells' VEGF expression, The tumor growth rate was significantly lower in LP+ODNs group than that in LP and control groups (140.1±33.8%, 177.9±64.9% and 403.9±69.4% respectively, F=60.019,P<0.01).VEGF mRNAs in cancerous and peri-cancerous tissues were expressed highest in LP group and lowest in LP+ODNs group. The VEGF positive rates showed no significant difference among LP, control and LP+ODNs groups (90%,70% and 50%, H=3.731, P>0.05).The MVD in LP+ODNs group (53.1±18.4) was significantly less than that in control group (73.2±20.4) and LP group(80.3±18.5) (F=5.44, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: VEGF antisense ODNs can inhibit VEGF expression of Walker-256 cells.It may be an antiangiogenesis therapy agent for malignant tumors. VEGF antisense ODNs mixed with lipiodol embolizing liver cancer is better in inhibiting liver cancer growth, VEGF expression and microvessel density than lipiodol alone. | Han-PingWu Gan-ShengFeng Hui-MinLiang Chuan-ShengZheng XinLi | 2004 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2004，10，6： | 10 |
| 10 | Simultaneous determination of quetiapine and three metabolites in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry显示文摘AIM:To develop a high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/ESI)method for simultaneous determination of quetiapine and its sulfoxide-, 7-hydroxy-, 7-hydroxy-N-dealkyl-metabolites in human plasma. METHODS: The HPLC separation of the compounds was performed on a Kromasil C18, (5μm, 4.6 mm×150 mm) column, using water (formic acid: 1.70 mmol/L, ammonium acetate: 5.8 mmol/L)-acetoni-trile (65:35) as mobile phase, with a flow-rate of 0.95 mL/min. The compounds were ionized in the electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source of the mass spectrometer and detected in the selected ion recording (SIR) mode. The samples were extracted using solid-phase extraction columns. RESULTS: The calibration curves were linear in theranges of 10-2000 μg/L for quetiapine, 1-200 μg/L for its metabolites, respectively. The average extraction recoveries for all the four samples were above 85 %. The methodology recoveries were much higher than 95 %. Theintra-day and inter-day RSD are less than 15 %. CONCLUSION: The method is accurate, sensitive, and simple for study of pharmacokinetics and metabolic mechanism of quetiapine in patients at therapeutic dose. | Kun-yanLI Ze-nengCHENG XinLI Xue-lianBAI Bi-kuiZHANG FengWANG Huan-deLI | 2004 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2004，25，1： | 10 |
| 11 | Catalytic Reduction of CO2 to CO via Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction:Recent Advances in the Design of Active and Selective Supported Metal Catalysts显示文摘The catalytic conversion of CO2 to CO via a reverse water gas shift(RWGS)reaction followed by well-established synthesis gas conversion technologies may provide a potential approach to convert CO2 to valuable chemicals and fuels.However,this reaction is mildly endothermic and competed by a strongly exothermic CO2 methanation reaction at low temperatures.Therefore,the improvement in the low-temperature activities and selectivity of the RWGS reaction is a key challenge for catalyst designs.We reviewed recent advances in the design strategies of supported metal catalysts for enhancing the activity of CO2 conversion and its selectivity to CO.These strategies include varying support,tuning metal–support interactions,adding reducible transition metal oxide promoters,forming bimetallic alloys,adding alkali metals,and enveloping metal particles.These advances suggest that enhancing CO2 adsorption and facilitating CO desorption are key factors to enhance CO2 conversion and CO selectivity.This short review may provide insights into future RWGS catalyst designs and optimization. | Min Zhu Qingfeng Ge Xinli Zhu | 2020 | Transactions of Tianjin University2020，26，3： | 9 |
| 12 | Charge-reversal nanoparticles: novel targeted drug delivery carriers显示文摘Spurred by significant progress in materials chemistry and drug delivery, charge-reversal nanocarriers are being developed to deliver anticancer formulations in spatial-, temporal- and dosagecontrolled approaches. Charge-reversal nanoparticles can release their drug payload in response to specific stimuli that alter the charge on their surface. They can elude clearance from the circulation and be activated by protonation, enzymatic cleavage, or a molecular conformational change. In this review, we discuss the physiological basis for, and recent advances in the design of charge-reversal nanoparticles that are able to control drug biodistribution in response to specific stimuli, endogenous factors(changes in p H,redox gradients, or enzyme concentration) or exogenous factors(light or thermos-stimulation). | Xinli Chen Lisha Liu Chen Jiang | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，4： | 9 |
| 13 | ANALYSIS ON LAPPING AND POLISHING PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION OF HARD MAGNETIC DISK SUBSTRATE显示文摘0INTRODUCTIONInthemagneticrecordingsystem,thelowertherecordingflyingheightbetweenthemagneticheadanddisk,thehighertheareareco... | Cai, Guangqi Cai, Rui Lu, Yushan Min, Xinli | 1998 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering1998，11，4： | 8 |
| 14 | New Hybrid Parallel Algorithm for Variable-sized Batch Splitting Scheduling with Alternative Machines in Job Shops显示文摘The batch splitting scheduling problem has recently become a major target in manufacturing systems, and the researchers have obtained great achievements, whereas most of existing related researches focus on equal-sized and consistent-sized batch splitting scheduling problem, and solve the problem by fixing the number of sub-batches, or the sub-batch sizes, or both. Under such circumstance and to provide a practical method for production scheduling in batch production mode, a study was made on the batch splitting scheduling problem on alternative machines, based on the objective to minimize the makespan. A scheduling approach was presented to address the variable-sized batch splitting scheduling problem in job shops trying to optimize both the number of sub-bathes and the sub-batch sizes, based on differential evolution(DE), making full use of the finding that the sum of values of genes in one chromosome remains the same before and after mutation in DE. Considering before-arrival set-up time and processing time separately, a variable-sized batch splitting scheduling model was established and a new hybrid algorithm was brought forward to solve both the batch splitting problem and the batch scheduling problem. A new parallel chromosome representation was adopted, and the batch scheduling chromosome and the batch splitting chromosome were treated separately during the global search procedure, based on self-adaptive DE and genetic crossover operator, respectively. A new local search method was further designed to gain a better performance. A solution consists of the optimum number of sub-bathes for each operation per job, the optimum batch size for each sub-batch and the optimum sequence of sub-batches. Computational experiments of four test instances and a realistic problem in a speaker workshop were performed to testify the effectiveness of the proposed scheduling method. The study takes advantage of DE's distinctive feature, and employs the algorithm as a solution approach, and thereby deepens and enriches the content of batch splitting scheduling. | ZHAO Yanwei WANG Haiyan WANG Wanliang XU Xinli | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2010，23，4： | 8 |
| 15 | A Constitutive Model of Granite Shear Creep under Moisture显示文摘Previous constitutive models of granite shear creep have two limitations:(1) although moisture greatly affects granite shear creep behavior, currently there are no constitutive models that include this factor;(2) there are also no models that include an acceleration stage. This paper presents an improved Burgers constitutive model with the addition of a damage parameter to characterize the moisture effect and uses a nonlinear relation equation between stress and strain for inclusion as the acceleration stage. The damage parameter is determined from granite creep experiment under four different moisture contents(0%, 0.22%, 0.49%, and 0.79%). The nonlinear relation equation is obtained by fitting a dataset of stain versus time under five different loading stages. To verify the presented model, a creep experiment was conducted on other granite samples and the results show that the model agrees well with the experimental observation data. | Xingang Wang Bin Hu Huiming Tang Xinli Hu Jiading Wang Lei Huang | 2016 | Journal of Earth Science2016，27，4： | 8 |
| 16 | Mechanistic studies of the transport of peimine in the Caco-2 cell model显示文摘Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for its expectorant, antitussive, antiinflammatory and analgesic properties. Moreover, modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that F. thunbergii Miq. has efficacy in the treatment of leukemia and cancers of the liver and cervix. Although the alkaloid, peimine, is largely responsible for these pharmacological effects, it has very low oral bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate the intestinal absorption of peimine in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Having demonstrated that peimine is non-toxic to Caco-2 cells at concentrations o200 μmol/L, the effect of peimine concentration, p H, temperature, efflux transport protein inhibitors and EDTA-Na_2 on peimine transport were studied. The results show that peimine transport is concentration-dependent; that at p H 6.0 and 7.4, the P_(app(AP-BL))of peimine is not significantly different but the Papp(BL-AP)) is; that both Papp(AP-BL)and P_(app(BL-AP))at 4 1C are significantly higher than their corresponding values at 37 1C; that the P-glycoprotein(P-gp) inhibitors, verapamil and cyclosporin A, increase absorption of peimine; and that EDTA-Na2 has no discernible effect. In summary,the results demonstrate that the intestinal absorption of peimine across Caco-2 cell monolayers involves active transport and that peimine is a substrate of P-gp. | Lihua Chen Xueping Lu Xinli Liang Dandan Hong Zhiyu Guan Yongmei Guan Weifeng Zhu | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，2： | 8 |
| 17 | Heritable gene-targeting with gRNA/Cas9 in rats显示文摘 | Xinli Hu Nannan Chang Xuelian Wang Fengyun Zhou Xiaohai Zhou Xiaojun Zhu Jing-Wei Xiong | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，11： | 7 |
| 18 | Multiple dose pharmacokinetics of quetiapine and some of its metabolites in Chinese suffering from schizophrenia显示文摘AIM: To study the multiple dose pharmacokinetics of quetiapine and its sulfoxide-, 7-hydroxy-, 7-hydroxy-N- dealkyl-metabolites in Chinese suffering from schizophrenia. METHODS: Twenty-one patients (11 females and 10 males) were given quetiapine twice daily to control the symptoms. After the dose reached 200 mg twice daily, blood were sampled to study the pharmacokinetics. The plasma concentrations of quetiapine and its metabolites were assayed by HPLC-MS. RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of quetiapine, 7-hydroxy-N-dealkyl- quetiapine, quetiapine sulfoxide, and 7-hydroxy-quetiapine were as follows: tmax were 2.0 (0.3-5.0), 4.0 (1.5-6.0), 3.0 (0.5-5.0), and 3.0 (0.5-5.0) h respectively; t1/2 were (7±3), (9.4±2.7), (7±3), and (8±5) h, respectively; Cm SS ax were (678±325), (19±5), (451±216), and (58±22) μg/L, respectively; CSS were (51±68), (3.3±1.6), (35±36), and min (5±4) μg/L, respectively; Cav were (295±144), (13±4), (209±71), and (28±9) μg/L, respectively; AUC0?12 were SS SS (3 538±1 728), (153±44), (2 512±854), and (335±104) μg·h·L-1, respectively; AUC0 were (5 534±4 198), (287±107), SS -∞ (3 858±2 012), and (529±262) μg·h·L-1, respectively; Ke were (0.11±0.03), (0.079±0.019), (0.11±0.03), and (0.103±0.028) h-1, respectively; CL/F and V/F of quetiapine were (67±25) L·h-1 and (672±394) L, respectively. The plasma concentrations for the four compounds reached a steady state within 48 h at the dose of 200 mg initiation. These parameters were not statistically different between genders. CONCLUSIONS: Quetiapine was absorbed quickly, distributed widely, and metabolized mainly to be quetiapine sulfoxide. The elimination speeds of quetiapine and its three metabolites were similar. Gender had no effect on the pharmacokinetics of quetiapine and its metabolites. The clinical dosage regime caused no drug accumulation. | Kun-yanLI XinLI Ze-nengCHENG Wen-xingPENG Bi-kuiZHANG Huan-deLI | 2004 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2004，25，3： | 7 |
| 19 | Soil concentrations and soil-air exchange of organochlorine pesticides along the Aba profile, east of the Tibetan Plateau, western China显示文摘MianzhuAba 侧面,西藏的高原的东方,被选择沿着一个高度的坡度学习 organochlorine 杀虫剂(OCP ) 的出现。在表面土壤的 Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDT ) , hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCH ) 和 Aldrin,狄氏剂和 Endrin (Drins ) 在冬季(三月) 和夏天(7 月) 被检测。 | Hongxia LIU Shihua QI Dan YANG Ying HU Feng LI Jia LIU Xinli XING | 2013 | Frontiers of Earth Science2013，7，4： | 6 |
| 20 | Fate of PM2.5-bound PAHs in Xiangyang, central China during 2018 Chinese spring festival: Influence of fireworks burning and air-mass transport显示文摘Variations of levels,possible source and air mass transmission were investigated for 16 USEPA priority-controlled PAHs in PM2.5 during 2018 Chinese Spring Festival(CSF)in Xiangyang City,central China which is the North-South pollutant airmass transport channel of China.Totally 37 samples were collected.Mass concentrations of 16 PAHs for the Pre–CSF day(Pre–CSFD),during the CSF day(CSFD)and after the CSF day(Af–CSFD)are 33.78±17.68 ng/m3,22.98±6.49 ng/m3,and 8.99±4.44 ng/m3,respectively.High resolution samples showed that 16 PAHs are higher in the morning(06:00–11:00)or afternoon(11:30–16:30),than those in the evening(17:00–22:00)and at night(22:30–05:30),whereas the result is reversed during the CSFD.Fireworks burning can obviously increase the mass concentration of PAHs.Air mass trajectory indicated that Xiangyang is a sink area of pollutants for northwest and southeast,and the sources of the northeast and southwest.The air mass only can be transmitted out through northeast and southwest.It is effective for improvement of air quality in Wuhan and Hunan to control fireworks emission in Henan and local areas.Fireworks burning was an important source for PAHs during CSFD,biomass,coal combustion,and traffic emission were the main sources of PAHs for Pre–CSFD and Af–CSFD periods.The health risk on the CSFD was higher than the acceptable levels,especially during the intensive fireworks burning,the risk value far exceed 1.0×10^-4,controlling burning fireworks is required. | Tianpeng Hu Yao Mao Weijie Liu Cheng Cheng Mingming Shi Zhanle Chen Qian Tian Jiaquan Zhang Shihua Qi Xinli Xing | 2020 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2020，32，11： | 6 |
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