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| 1 | Rare earth elements and carbon isotope geochemistry of the Doushantuo Formation in South China:Implication for middle Ediacaran shallow marine redox conditions显示文摘The middle Ediacaran Shuram excursion, the largest negative δ 13 C carb excursion in Earth history, has been interpreted as indirect evidence for episodic oxidation and remineralization of deep ocean DOC (dissolved organic carbon). It has been hypothesized that such oxidation event may have occurred when anoxic DOC-laden deep water was brought to shallow shelves during oceanic upwelling, which is expected to cause localized anoxia in shallow environments. To test this prediction, we systematically analyzed rare earth elements (REE) and δ 13 C carb of the upper Doushantuo Formation carbonates in the Yangtze Gorges area of South China, which were deposited in an inner shelf environment and record a large negative δ 13 C carb excursion correlated to the Shuram event. The REE data show a significant positive shift in Ce/Ce* values, synchronous with a pronounced negative δ 13 C carb shift. This positive Ce/Ce* shift is interpreted to represent an oceanic anoxia event in shallow shelf environments, which may have been caused by the upwelling or impingement of oxygen-depleted and 12 C-enriched deep water onto shelves. This anoxia event coincides with a sharp decline in the abundance and diversity of Ediacaran acanthomorphic acritarchs, raising the possibility that these two geobiological events may be causally related. | ZHOU ChuanMing JIANG ShaoYong XIAO ShuHai CHEN Zhe YUAN XunLai | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，16： | 11 |
| 2 | The Weng'an biota and the Ediacaran radiation of multicellular eukaryotes显示文摘The rise of multicellularity represents a major evolutionary transition and it occurred independently in multiple eukaryote clades.Although simple multicellular organisms may have evolved in the Mesoproterozoic Era or even earlier,complex multicellular eukaryotes began to diversify only in the Ediacaran Period,just before the Cambrian explosion.hus,the Ediacaran fossil record can provide key paleontological evidence about the early radiation of multicellular eukaryotes that ultimately culminated in the Cambrian explosion.he Ediacaran Weng’an biota in South China hosts exceptionally preserved eukaryote fossils,including various acanthomorphic acritarchs,pseudoparenchymatous thalli,tubular microfossils,and spheroidal fossils such as Megasphaera,Helicoforamina,Spiralicellula,and Caveasphaera.Many of these fossils have been interpreted as multicellular eukaryotes,although alternative interpretations have also been proposed.In this review,we critically examine these various interpretations,focusing particularly on Megasphaera,which has been variously interpreted as a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium,a unicellular protist,a mesomycetozoean-like holozoan,a volvocine green alga,a stem-group animal,or a crown-group animal.We conclude that Megasphaera is a multicellular eukaryote with evidence for cell-to-cell adhesion,a lexible membrane unconstrained by a rigid cell wall,spatial cellular diferentiation,germ–soma separation,and programmed cell death.hese features are inconsistent with the bacterium,unicellular protist,and mesomycetozoean-like holozoan interpretations.hus,the surviving hypotheses,particularly the stem-group animal and algal interpretations,should be further tested with additional evidence.he Weng’an biota also hosts cellularly diferentiated pseudoparenchymatous thalli with specialized reproductive structures indicative of an ainity with lorideophyte red algae.he other Weng’an fossils reviewed here may also be multicellular eukaryotes,although direct cellular evidence is lacking in some and phylogenetic ainities are poorly constrained in others.he Weng’an biota ofers many research opportunities to resolve the life histories and phylogenetic diversity of early multicellular eukaryotes and to illuminate the evolutionary prelude to the Cambrian explosion. | Shuhai Xiao A.D.Muscente Lei Chen Chuanming Zhou James D.Schiffbauer Andrew D.Wood Nicholas F.Polys Xunlai Yuan | 2014 | National Science Review2014，1，4： | 9 |
| 3 | A Nowcasting Technique Based on Application of the Particle Filter Blending Algorithm显示文摘To improve the accuracy of nowcasting, a new extrapolation technique called particle filter blending was configured in this study and applied to experimental nowcasting. Radar echo extrapolation was performed by using the radar mosaic at an altitude of 2.5 km obtained from the radar images of 12 S-band radars in Guangdong Province,China. The first bilateral filter was applied in the quality control of the radar data; an optical flow method based on the Lucas–Kanade algorithm and the Harris corner detection algorithm were used to track radar echoes and retrieve the echo motion vectors; then, the motion vectors were blended with the particle filter blending algorithm to estimate the optimal motion vector of the true echo motions; finally, semi-Lagrangian extrapolation was used for radar echo extrapolation based on the obtained motion vector field. A comparative study of the extrapolated forecasts of four precipitation events in 2016 in Guangdong was conducted. The results indicate that the particle filter blending algorithm could realistically reproduce the spatial pattern, echo intensity, and echo location at 30-and 60-min forecast lead times. The forecasts agreed well with observations, and the results were of operational significance. Quantitative evaluation of the forecasts indicates that the particle filter blending algorithm performed better than the cross-correlation method and the optical flow method. Therefore, the particle filter blending method is proved to be superior to the traditional forecasting methods and it can be used to enhance the ability of nowcasting in operational weather forecasts. | yuanzhao chen hongping lan xunlai chen wenhai zhang | 2017 | Journal of Meteorological Research2017，31，5： | 9 |
| 4 | New observations on spicule-like structures from Dou-shantuo phosphorites at Weng'an,Guizhou Province显示文摘Doushantuo phosphorites at Weng’an, Guizhou Province, provide a unique opportunity for the study of early evolution of multicellular organisms, including metazoans. Our light microscope and SEM observations, however, do not substantiate a sponge spicule interpretation of spicular structures. No convincing axial canals have been seen in the observed spicule population. Instead, the coexistence of some monaxonal spicules with clearly diagenetic crystal fascicles and dumbbells suggest that these monaxons may also be diagenetic in origin. Our preliminary EDS analyses detect no significant silicon in spicule-containing intraclasts (including abiotic clasts and fragments of sphaeromorphic acritarchs and algal thalli), that contain abundant monaxonal spicular structures. We, therefore, believe that the evidence for a sponge spicule interpretation of the Doushantuo spicular structures are at best ambiguous at present; these alleged sponge spicules are indistinguishable from coexistent diagenetic crystals. | Leiming Yin Shuhai Xiao Xunlai Yuan | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，21： | 8 |
| 5 | Paleoproterozoic glaciation: Evidence from carbon isotope record of the Hutuo Group, Wutai Mountain area of Shanxi Province, China显示文摘Palaeoproterozoic 全球冻结成冰(2.3 Ga ) 可以是地球历史上的第一个雪球地球事件。诺思中国暴露得好沉积存款这次有最小的 postdepositional 的时期改变。一个冻结成冰事件的沉积证据然而一直在缺乏。这里,我们在 Wutai 山区分析了 Paleoproterozoic Hutuo 组(2.52.2 Ga ) 的碳同位素作文,山西省,诺思中国。我们的数据表演,在里面一对更年轻的 chronostratigraphic 顺序更旧,(1 ) 积极 13Ccarb 在 Doucun 亚群的 Dashiling 形成珍视(3.2 ~ 1.0, VPDB ) ;(2 ) 在 13Ccarb 的减少从 Wenshan 形成珍视到中间的 Daguandong 形成(从 2.0 to1.2 ) ,在哪个时间期间 stromatolites 的出现衰退了;(3 ) 在上面的 Daguandong 形成的一次显著否定旅行,在 Daguandong 和 Huaiyincun 形成的边界(从 1.4 ~ 3.3 ) ,在 stromatolites 消失了的地方;并且(4 ) 13Ccarb 的渐渐的增加在 Beidaxing 和 Tianpengnao 形成珍视(从 1.2 ~ 1.4 ) ,在哪个期间时间 stromatolites 回来了。我们主张否定的碳同位素旅行从 Jianancun 形成记录了到 Hutuo 组的中间的 Daguandong 形成可以是对 Palaeoproterozoic 全球冻结成冰的诺思瓷器反应。 | KONG FanFan YUAN XunLai ZHOU ChuanMing | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，27： | 6 |
| 6 | Phosphatized biotas from the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation on the Yangtze Platform显示文摘The Doushantuo Formation in South China was deposited after the Nantuo glaciation but before the evolution of complex Ediacaran metazoans. It contains multiple taphonomic windows, in its cherts, carbonaceous shales, and phosphorites, onto the late Neoproterozoic biosphere. The phosphatic window is unusually clear; Doushantuo phosphorites at Weng’an (Guizhou Province) are known to exquisitely preserve a multitude of single-celled eukaryotes, muiticellular algae, and microscopic animals. Our recent survey reveals that, in addition to the now famous Weng’an locality, Doushantuo phosphorites at Baokang (Hubei), Chadian (Shaanxi), and Shangrao (Jiangxi) also contain diverse eukaryotes preserved at the cellular level. All these phosphorites were deposited in shallow-water environments, typically above fair weather wave base and close to ancient islands. Along with Doushantuo cherts and shales, these phosphorites give us a clearer and more complete picture of late Neoproterozoic biological evolution: there | ZHOU Chuanming YUAN Xunlai XIAO Shuhai | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，22： | 6 |
| 7 | The Lantian biota:A new window onto the origin and early evolution of multicellular organisms显示文摘The Lantian biota at the Lantian Town of Xiuning County,Anhui Province,is preserved in black shales of the Ediacaran Lantian Formation.It yields some of the oldest known complex macroorganisms,including fan-shaped seaweeds and possible animal fossils with tentacles and intestinal-like structures reminiscent of modern coelenterates and bilaterians.The Lantian Lagerst tte sheds new light on the origin and early evolution of multicellular organisms in relatively quiet and deep environments soon after the Neoproterozoic Marinoan glaciation.The morphological complexity and diversity of early multicellular organisms may be closely related to sexual reproduction and alternation of generations.The fluctuation of oceanic redox conditions during this period may have played a role in the ecology and preservation of the Lantian biota. | YUAN XunLai CHEN Zhe XIAO ShuHai WAN Bin GUAN ChengGuo WANG Wei ZHOU ChuanMing HUA Hong | 2013 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2013，56，3： | 5 |
| 8 | Discovery of branched tubular algae and microscopic tubes with annular-helical thickening from the Mesoproterozoic Ruyang Group of Shanxi,North China显示文摘Most previously reported Mesoproterozoic (1600-1000 Ma) fossils are from silicified carbonates, and they are commonly small in size (15-20 μm, ranging from coccoids to fila- ments in morphology. Many of them can be interpreted as cyanobacteria. Carbonaceous shales represent another source of palaeontological information of the Mesoproterozoic biosphere. Sphaeromorphic and acanthomorphic acritarchs, as well as filamentous fossils, are common in many Mesoproterozoic shales. Here we report an unusual assemblage of tubular fossils from the Meosproterozoic Ruyang Group in Shanxi, North China. Some of these tubes are branched. Others bear annular-helical thickening that might be represented by one extinct algae to adapt to a desiccating environment. | YIN Leiming BIAN Lizeng YUAN Xunlai | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，10： | 4 |
| 9 | Anatomy and plant affinity of Chuaria显示文摘Chuaria is one of the few globally distributed macrofossil pioneers documented in the Precambrian. It is perhaps the most controversial fossil in term of its affinity despite more than one hundred years of study. Many mutually exclusive affinities have been suggested for this frequently encountered fossil. Although often treated as a multicellular alga, this interpretation remains inconclusive because the lacking unambiguous demonstration of cellular structures. In this paper the cellular details of Chuaria are clearly revealed for the first time. The cell walls in Chuaria suggest that it is a multicellular eukaryotic alga, in agreement with the latest biogeochemical analyses. Different thicknesses of cell walls suggest primary cellular differentiation in this organism. Membrane-like structures within the cells (the first to be reported in Precambrian fossils) imply a eukaryotic nature. This study partially resolves the century-long controversy over the affinity of Chuaria, and makes Chuaria one of the few recognized multicellular eukaryotes before the Neoproterozoic glaciation. | WANG Xin YUAN XunLai ZHOU ChuanMing DU KaiHe GONG Miao | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，12： | 2 |
| 10 | Ediacaran integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China显示文摘Ediacaran successions occur widely in various depositional facies in South China and yield a series of fossil Lagerst?tten, providing a complete fossil record for the evolution of marine ecosystems after the terminal Cryogenian global glaciation. Carbonate-dominated Ediacaran successions in shallow water facies in South China record a nearly complete δ^(13)C profile that may reflect variations of marine carbon isotopic composition during the Ediacaran Period. The Ediacaran fossils andδ^(13)C profiles from South China permit stratigraphic correlation and subdivision of the Ediacaran strata. Based on biostratigraphic, chemostratigraphic, and geochronometric data from the Ediacaran successions in South China, we propose that the Ediacaran System in China can be subdivided into two series, with three stages in each series. The lower series is characterized by acanthomorphic acritarchs and the upper series by Ediacara-type macrofossils, and the two series are separated by the declining limb of a pronounced δ^(13)C negative excursion(EN3) in the upper Doushantuo Formation. The basal boundary of Stage1 is the same as the basal boundary of Ediacaran System, which has been defined at the base of the cap carbonate unit. Stage 2 represents the first radiation of Ediacaran microscopic organisms, with δ^(13)C feature representing by positive values(EP1). The base of the Stage 2 is placed at the first appearance level of a spiny acritarch species. Stage 3 is characterized by the occurrence of more diverse acritarchs and δ^(13)C feature EP2, with its basal boundary defined by a δ^(13)C negative excursion(EN2) occurring in the middle Doushantuo Formation. The basal boundary of Stage 4 is the same as the upper series. Stage 5 is marked by the occurrence of macrfossils of Miaohe biota, and its lower boundary can be placed at the level where δ^(13)C values transition from positive to negative in MNE, or the first appearance level of macrofossils of the Miaohe biota. Stage 6 is characterized by the occurrences of Ediacara-type Shibantan biota and Gaojiashan biota, with its lower boundary defined by the first appearance level of Conotubus hemiannulatus. The formal establishment of the aforementioned series and stages requires further and more detailed integrative stratigraphic study on the Ediacaran successions in China. Some of the Ediacaran successions in South China have great potential to become global standards in Ediacaran subdivision. | Chuanming ZHOU Xunlai YUAN Shuhai XIAO Zhe CHEN Hong HUA | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Evaluation of Radar and Automatic Weather Station Data Assimilation for a Heavy Rainfall Event in Southern China显示文摘To improve the accuracy of short-term(0–12 h) forecasts of severe weather in southern China, a real-time storm-scale forecasting system, the Hourly Assimilation and Prediction System(HAPS), has been implemented in Shenzhen, China. The forecasting system is characterized by combining the Advanced Research Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF-ARW)model and the Advanced Regional Prediction System(ARPS) three-dimensional variational data assimilation(3DVAR) package. It is capable of assimilating radar reflectivity and radial velocity data from multiple Doppler radars as well as surface automatic weather station(AWS) data. Experiments are designed to evaluate the impacts of data assimilation on quantitative precipitation forecasting(QPF) by studying a heavy rainfall event in southern China. The forecasts from these experiments are verified against radar, surface, and precipitation observations. Comparison of echo structure and accumulated precipitation suggests that radar data assimilation is useful in improving the short-term forecast by capturing the location and orientation of the band of accumulated rainfall. The assimilation of radar data improves the short-term precipitation forecast skill by up to9 hours by producing more convection. The slight but generally positive impact that surface AWS data has on the forecast of near-surface variables can last up to 6–9 hours. The assimilation of AWS observations alone has some benefit for improving the Fractions Skill Score(FSS) and bias scores; when radar data are assimilated, the additional AWS data may increase the degree of rainfall overprediction. | HOU Tuanjie Fanyou KONG CHEN Xunlai LEI Hengchi HU Zhaoxia | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，7： | 2 |
| 12 | Quantitative Analysis of Flabellophyton from the Ediacaran Lantian Biota, South China: Application of Geometric Morphometrics in Precambrian Fossil Research显示文摘As a more efficient quantitative method for morphological analysis, geometric morphometrics is applied to the flabellate fossils Flabellophyton including Flabellophyton lantianensis and Flabellophyton strigata from Neoproterozoic Ediacaran Lantian biota, South China. Both traditional morphometric analysis (including diverging angle, length, and width distribution) and geometric morphometric analysis including superposition of normalized area analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling (n-MDS), Bray-Curtis similarity cluster analysis (CLUSTER) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM)were performed. The results indicate there are great interspecific morphological differences between F. lantianensis and F. strigata, in addition to some intraspecific variations within each species. Here we preliminarily suggest that the previously defined Flabellophyton should be subdivided into 2 genera at least: one marked by the dark transverse striated structure, and the other without. This recharacterization and reclassification work still needs further careful observation and comprehensive analysis with large number of flabellate fossils combining morphology, structure, population, and community-ecology study. | WAN Bin YUAN Xunlai CHEN Zhe GUAN Chengguo PANG Ke TANG Qing RAO Xin | 2013 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2013，87，4： | 1 |
| 13 | A diverse metaphyte assemblage from Neoprolerozoic black shales of South China显示文摘 | Yuan Xunlai Li J un Cao Ruiji | 1999 | Lethaia1999，32，2： | 1 |
| 14 | New data on muhicellular thallophytes and fragments of cellular tissues from Late Proterozoic phosphate rocks South China显示文摘 | Zhang Yun Yuan Xunlai | 1992 | Lethaia1992，25，： | 1 |
| 15 | A diverse metaphyte assemblage from the Neo-Proterozoic black shales of South China显示文摘 | Yuan Xunlai Li Jun Cao Ruiji | 1999 | Lethaia1999，32，2： | 1 |
| 16 | New data on multicelular thallophytes and fragments of cellular tissues from late Proterozoic phosphate rocks,South China显示文摘 | Zhang Yun Yuan Xunlai | 1992 | Lethaia1992，25，： | 1 |
| 17 | Seep carbonates and preserved methane oxidizing archaea and sulfate reducing bacteria fossils suggest recent gas venting on the seafloor in the Northeastern South China Sea 显示文摘 | Chen Duofu Huang Yongyang Yuan Xunlai | 2005 | Marine and Petroleum Geology2005，22，： | 1 |
| 18 | SHRIMP zircon U–Pb age constraints on Neoproterozoic Quruqtagh diamictites in NW China显示文摘 | Bei Xu Shuhai Xiao Haibo Zou Yan Chen Zheng-Xiang Li Biao Song Dunyi Liu Chuanming Zhou Xunlai Yuan | 2008 | Precambrian Research2008，，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Skeletogenesis and asexual reproduction in the earliest biomineralizing animal Cloudina 显示文摘 | Hua Hong Chen Zhe Yuan Xunlai | 2005 | Geology2005，33，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Cell wall ultrastructures of the Proterozoic acritarch Leiosphaeridia asperata and their implications for biological affinity显示文摘Abundant sphaeroidal acritarch Leiosphaeridia asperata,with vesicle size ranging from 13 to 360 μm,occurred in the Proterozoic Liulaobei Formation shales in Huainan,Anhui Province.TEM/SEM studies of these sphaeroidal acritarchs have revealed complex ultrastructures,including ridges,bands,and possible trilaminar structures(TLS).Ridges,spaced ~1 μm apart,are distributed regularly on the vesicle internal surface of one specimen.Some specimens have alternating electron-dense and electron-tenuous bands that are perpendicular to vesicle walls.Some specimens have trilaminar structures(TLS),while a few others have both bands and TLS.These wall ultrastructures provide evidence that the Liulaobei leiosphaerids are of green microalgae.The variation in wall ultrastructures may represent various stages in a life cycle or developmental phases in the cyst formation analogous to some modern chlorophyceaen microalgae. | GONG Miao ZHOU ChuanMing YIN LeiMing YUAN XunLai WANG ChunZhao | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，12： | 1 |
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