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| 1 | Astronomical tuning and magnetostratigraphy of Neogene biogenic reefs in Xisha Islands, South China Sea显示文摘Biogenic reefs are one of two major depositional types in the South China Sea, and are constructed by coral, algae and bryozoa. The West Pacific is a major area of biogenic reef development and plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, the lack of geochronological studies in previous works inhibits our understanding of their contributions. Herein, we conduct a cyclostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic study on Neogene biogenic reefs using the XK–1 core that was drilled at the Shidao Island,Xisha(Paracel) Islands. The main findings of this study are:(1) the establishment of reliable magentostratigraphy for Ledong, Huangliu, Meishan and Sanya Formations;(2) the magnetic susceptibility variation can be inferred as growth index and tuned to the 405–ka long eccentricity cycle;(3) the astronomical geochronology suggests that the bottom ages for Ledong, Yinggehai, Huangliu, Meishan,and Sanya Formations are 2.2 Ma, 5.7 Ma, 10.4 Ma, 16.6 Ma, and 24.3 Ma, respectively; and (4) Earth's eccentricity and obliquity played predominant roles in biogenic reef establishment on orbital to tectonic timescales. Thus, the reported geochronology offers an opportunity to test the contributions of various factors and hypothesize their roles in the global carbon cycle in future. | Liang Yi Zhimin Jian Xinyu Liu Youhua Zhu Daojun Zhang Zhenfeng Wang Chenglong Deng | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，9： | 12 |
| 2 | Orbital-scale Asian summer monsoon variations:Paradox and exploration显示文摘The Asian summer monsoon(ASM) is a vast climate system, whose variability is critical to the livelihoods of billions of people across the Asian continent. During the past half-century, much progress has been made in understanding variations on a wide range of timescales, yet several significant issues remain unresolved. Of note are two long-standing problems concerning orbital-scale variations of the ASM.(1) Chinese loess magnetic susceptibility records show a persistent glacial-interglacial dominated ~100 kyr(thousand years) periodicity, while the cave oxygen-isotope(δ18 O) records reveal periodicity in an almost pure precession band(~20 kyr periodicity)—the 'Chinese 100 kyr problem'.(2) ASM records from the Arabian Sea and other oceans surrounding the Asian continent show a significant lag of 8–10 kyr to Northern Hemisphere summer insolation(NHSI), whereas the Asian cave δ18 O records follow NHSI without a significant lag—a discrepancy termed the 'sea-land precession-phase paradox'. How can we reconcile these differences? Recent and more refined model simulations now provide spatial patterns of rainfall and wind across the precession cycle, revealing distinct regional divergences in the ASM domain, which can well explain a large portion of the disparities between the loess, marine, and cave proxy records. Overall, we also find that the loess, marine, and cave records are indeed complementary rather than incompatible, with each record preferentially describing a certain aspect of ASM dynamics. Our study provides new insight into the understanding of different hydroclimatic proxies and largely reconciles the 'Chinese 100 kyr problem' and 'sea-land precession-phase paradox'. | Hai CHENG Haiwei ZHANG Yanjun CAI Zhengguo SHI Liang YI Chenglong DENG Qingzhen HAO Youbing PENG Ashish SINHA Hanying LI Jingyao ZHAO Ye TIAN Jonathan BAKER Carlos PEREZ-MEJIAS | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，4： | 6 |
| 3 | Niobium Tungsten Oxide in a Green Water‑in‑Salt Electrolyte Enables Ultra‑Stable Aqueous Lithium‑Ion Capacitors显示文摘Aqueous hybrid supercapacitors are attracting increasing attention due to their potential low cost,high safety and eco-friendliness.However,the narrow operating potential window of aqueous electrolyte and the lack of suitable negative electrode materials seriously hinder its future applications.Here,we explore high concentrated lithium acetate with high ionic conductivity of 65.5 mS cm−1 as a green“water-in-salt”electrolyte,providing wide voltage window up to 2.8 V.It facilitates the reversible function of niobium tungsten oxide,Nb18W16O93,that otherwise only operations in organic electrolytes previously.The Nb18W16O93 with lithium-ion intercalation pseudocapacitive behavior exhibits excellent rate performance,high areal capacity,and ultra-long cycling stability.An aqueous lithium-ion hybrid capacitor is developed by using Nb18W16O93 as negative electrode combined with graphene as positive electrode in lithium acetate-based“water-in-salt”electrolyte,delivering a high energy density of 41.9 W kg−1,high power density of 20,000 W kg−1 and unexceptionable stability of 50,000 cycles. | Shengyang Dong Yi Wang Chenglong Chen Laifa Shen Xiaogang Zhang | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，12： | 4 |
| 4 | Geochemical significance of the Paleogene soda-deposits bearing strata in Biyang Depression,Henan Province显示文摘The Biyang Depression,lying in the eastern Nanxiang Basin,has a dustpan-shape with faults developed to the southwest and southeast.The Paleogene Hetaoyuan Formation in this depression hosts one of the oldest soda-deposits,the Anpeng deposit.These sodium carbonate-bearing strata consist of lutites,muddy dolomites,and bedded soda-deposits,which are dominated by nahcolite with little trona,mirabilite,and halite.In the top Unit 3 and lower Unit 2 of Hetaoyuan Formation where the sodium carbonates are concentrated,dolomitic shale,muddy carbonate,and sodium carbonate can be separated based on their distinct Al2O3,Ti O2,Na2O,Mg O+Ca O,and LOI(loss on ignition)contents.By using Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)ratio as an indicator for the relative concentration of Na carbonates to Mg-Ca carbonates,the muddy dolomites can be classified into two groups.One group with Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)<0.6 exhibits a positive correlation between this ratio and Al2O3+Ti O2 content,an proxy for terrigenous clastic input and the other group with Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)>0.6 presents a negative correlation.As the clastic proportion decreases,the former indicates that it tends to form pure Mg-Ca carbonates reflecting evaporation less than or equal to replenishment for the lake water in a relative humid climate,and the latter reveals a trend to form sodium carbonates with lake water’s evaporation more than replenishment in a relatively dry climate.From muddy dolomite to sodium carbonate samples,with Na2O/(Mg O+Ca O)ratio increasing,the Al normalized Zr,Ti,La,K,Rb,and Ba tend to be enriched and the post-Archean Average Shale(PAAS)normalized positive Eu anomaly becomes more obvious.Integrated with the high B contents and the report of searlesite in the bedded sodium carbonates and the regional extensional tectonic regime,the above geochemical characteristics were interpreted to signify hydrothermal contribution to forming these soda-deposits through the deep fault systems of basin margins. | YANG JiangHai YI ChengLong DU YuanSheng ZHANG ZongHeng YAN JiaXin | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 3 |
| 5 | Exogenously applied oxalic acid assists in the phytoremediation of Mn by Polygonum pubescens Blume cultivated in three Mn-contaminated soils显示文摘The current study evaluated the effects of oxalic acid(OA)application on the growth and Mn phytoremediation efficiency of Polygonum pubescens Blume cultivated in three different manganese(Mn)-contaminated soils sampled from an unexplored area(US),an explored area(ES)and a tailing area(TS)of the Ertang Mn mine,South China.The supplied levels of OA were 0(control),1(low level),3(medium level),and 9(high level)mmol/kg,referred to as CK,OA1,OA3 and OA9,respectively.The results revealed that the average water-extractable Mn concentrations US,ES and TS amended with OA increased by 214.13,363.77 and 266.85%,respectively.All OA supply levels increased plant growth and Mn concentrations in US.The low OA supply level increased plant growth in ES and TS;however,contrasting results were found for the medium and high OA supply levels.Plant Mn concentrations and total Mn increased in ES and TS in response to all OA supply levels.Total Mn in the aerial parts increased by 81.18,44.17 and 83.17%in US,ES and TS,respectively;the corresponding percentages for the whole plants were 81.53,108.98 and 77.91%,respectively.The rate of·O_(2)^(−)production and malondialdehyde(MDA)concentrations increased in response to OA amendment,especially the medium and high OA supply levels in ES and TS.In general,antioxidant enzymes might play a vital role in alleviating Mn stress in plants cultivated in US,while non-enzymatic antioxidants might be the main factor for plants cultivated in ES and TS. | Kehui Liu Jie Xu Chenglong Dai Chunming Li Yi Li Jiangming Ma Fangming Yu | 2021 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2021，15，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Research on Real-Time High Reliable Network File Distribution Technology显示文摘The rapid development of Internet of Things(IoT)technology has made previously unavailable data available,and applications can take advantage of device data for people to visualize,explore,and build complex analyses.As the size of the network and the number of network users continue to increase,network requests tend to aggregate on a small number of network resources,which results in uneven load on network requests.Real-time,highly reliable network file distribution technology is of great importance in the Internet of Things.This paper studies real-time and highly reliable file distribution technology for large-scale networks.In response to this topic,this paper studies the current file distribution technology,proposes a file distribution model,and proposes a corresponding load balancing method based on the file distribution model.Experiments show that the system has achieved real-time and high reliability of network transmission. | Chenglong Li Peipeng Liu Hewei Yu Mengmeng Ge Xiangzhan Yu Yi Xin Yuhang Wang Dongyu Zhang | 2020 | Computers, Materials & Continua2020，，11： | 0 |
| 7 | Omicron:a chimera of two early SARS-CoV-2 lineages显示文摘Dear Editor,The outbreak of the COVID‐19 that occurred in late 2019 has posed a remarkable threat to public health around the world.It is known that SARS-CoV-2 is a genetically diverse group that mutates continuously,leading to the emergence of multiple variants.1 Potential variants of concern(VOCs),variants of interest(VOIs),or variants under monitoring(VUMs)are regularly assessed based on the risk posed to global public health.Following the identification of a novel variant in South Africa on 24 November 2021,WHO designated Omicron(clade GRA,PANGO lineage B.1.1.529 and descendants BA.1 and BA.2)as the fifth SARS-CoV-2 VOC 2 days later due to its large number of variations. | Xiuliang Liu Jiasheng Xiong Zhong Sun Jingjing Hu Karuppiah Thilakavathy Mingquan Chen Qi Zhao Yi Feng Qingwu Jiang Chenglong Xiong | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，4： | 0 |
| 8 | Difficulty-aware bi-network with spatial attention constrained graph for axillary lymph node segmentation显示文摘Axillary lymph node(ALN)segmentation in ultrasound images is important for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.Recently,deep learning methods for automatic medical image segmentation have improved significantly.However,two problems arise.(1)A unified model is often employed to segment all images without considering the difficulty diversity.(2)The relationship between elements in the learned class probability map is disregarded.To address these two issues,we propose a novel difficulty-aware binetwork with a spatial attention constrained graph.First,a difficulty grading module(DGM)is developed to learn the difficulty grade of input images.Based on the difficulty grade of images,a novel bi-network architecture is proposed to segment the image adaptively using different branches.In complex branches,a novel spatial attention module(SAM)and graph-based energy with spatial attention constraint are proposed.The learned spatial attention map can provide additional discriminative information.Moreover,the graph-based segmentation framework can capture the relationship between pixels,further improving the segmentation performance for complex images.We conducted an experiment on our ultrasound database using 216 cases.The overall dice similarity coefficient,Jaccard coefficient,volumetric overlap error,and false positive rate are 83.41%,74.4%,12.02%,and 13.36%for ALN segmentation,respectively.The comparison results demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms other deep learning methods. | Qing XU Xiaoming XI Xianjing MENG Zheyun QIN Xiushan NIE Yongjian WU Dongsheng ZHOU Yi QU Chenglong LI Yilong YIN | 2022 | Science China(Information Sciences)2022，65，9： | 0 |
| 9 | Near-field radiative heat transfer in hyperbolic materials显示文摘In the post-Moore era, as the energy consumption of micro-nano electronic devices rapidly increases, near-field radiative heat transfer(NFRHT) with super-Planckian phenomena has gradually shown great potential for applications in efficient and ultrafast thermal modulation and energy conversion. Recently, hyperbolic materials, an important class of anisotropic materials with hyperbolic isofrequency contours, have been intensively investigated. As an exotic optical platform, hyperbolic materials bring tremendous new opportunities for NFRHT from theoretical advances to experimental designs. To date, there have been considerable achievements in NFRHT for hyperbolic materials, which range from the establishment of different unprecedented heat transport phenomena to various potential applications. This review concisely introduces the basic physics of NFRHT for hyperbolic materials, lays out the theoretical methods to address NFRHT for hyperbolic materials, and highlights unique behaviors as realized in different hyperbolic materials and the resulting applications. Finally, key challenges and opportunities of the NFRHT for hyperbolic materials in terms of fundamental physics, experimental validations, and potential applications are outlined and discussed. | Ruiyi Liu Chenglong Zhou Yong Zhang Zheng Cui Xiaohu Wu Hongliang Yi | 2022 | International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing2022，4，3： | 0 |
| 10 | Exploring the R-ISS stage-specific regular networks in the progression of multiple myeloma at single-cell resolution显示文摘The Revised International Staging System(R-ISS)is a simple and powerful prognostic tool for multiple myeloma(MM).However,heterogeneity in R-ISS stage is still poorly characterised,hampering improvement of treatments.We used single-cell RNA-seq to examine novel cellular heterogeneity and regular networks in nine MM patients stratified by R-ISS.Plasma cells were clustered into nine groups(P1–P9)based on gene expression,where P1–P5 were almost enriched in stage III.PDIA6 was significantly upregulated in P3 and LETM1was enriched in P1,and they were validated to be upregulated in the MM cell line and in 22 other patients’myeloma cells.Furthermore,in progression,PDIA6 was newly found and verified to be activated by UQCRB through oxidative phosphorylation,while LETM1 was activated by STAT1 via the C-type lectin receptor-signalling pathway.Finally,a subcluster of monocytes was exclusively found in stage III specifically expressed chemokines modulated by ATF3.A few ligand-receptor pairs(CCL3/CCL5/CCL3L1-CCR1)were obviously active in monocyte-plasma communications in stage III.Herein,this study identified novel molecules,networks and crosstalk pairs in different R-ISS stages of MM,providing significant insight for its prognosis and treatment. | Ling Zhong Xiao Yang Yu Zhou Jialing Xiao Huan Li Jiang Tao Qian Xi Chen Chu Chenglong Li Xi Yang Chen Yang Yi Zhang Ping Shuai Yuping Liu Man Yu Yi Shi Jiang Hu Wei Zhang Bo Gong Zhenglin Yang | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，9： | 0 |
| 11 | A machine learning model for textured X-ray scattering and diffraction image denoising显示文摘With the advancements in instrumentations of next-generation synchrotron light sources,methodologies for small-angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)/wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD)experiments have dramatically evolved.Such experiments have developed into dynamic and multiscale in situ characterizations,leaving prolonged exposure time as well as radiation-induced damage a serious concern.However,reduction on exposure time or dose may result in noisier images with a lower signal-to-noise ratio,requiring powerful denoising mechanisms for physical information retrieval.Here,we tackle the problem from an algorithmic perspective by proposing a small yet effective machine-learning model for experimental SAXS/WAXD image denoising,allowing more redundancy for exposure time or dose reduction.Compared with classic models developed for natural image scenarios,our model provides a bespoke denoising solution,demonstrating superior performance on highly textured SAXS/WAXD images.The model is versatile and can be applied to denoising in other synchrotron imaging experiments when data volume and image complexity is concerned. | Zhongzheng Zhou Chun Li Xiaoxue Bi Chenglong Zhang Yingke Huang Jian Zhuang Wenqiang Hua Zheng Dong Lina Zhao Yi Zhang Yuhui Dong | 2023 | npj Computational Materials2023，，1： | 0 |
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