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| 1 | Incorporating topographic factors in nonlinear mixed-effects models for aboveground biomass of natural Simao pine in Yunnan,China显示文摘A total of 128 Simao pine trees(Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis) from three regions of Pu'er City,Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China, were destructively sampled to obtain tree aboveground biomass(AGB). Tree variables such as diameter at breast height and total height, and topographical factors such as altitude,aspect of slope, and degree of slope were recorded. We considered the region and site quality classes as the random-effects, and the topographic variables as the fixedeffects. We fitted a total of eight models as follows: leastsquares nonlinear models(BM), least-squares nonlinear models with the topographic factors(BMT), nonlinear mixed-effects models with region as single random-effects(NLME-RE), nonlinear mixed-effects models with site as single random-effects(NLME-SE), nonlinear mixed-effects models with the two-level nested region and site random-effects(TLNLME), NLME-RE with the fixed-effects of topographic factors(NLMET-RE), NLME-SE with the fixed-effects of topographic factors(NLMET-SE), and TLNLME with the fixed-effects of topographic factors(TLNLMET). The eight models were compared by modelfitting and prediction statistics. The results showed: model fitting was improved by considering random-effects of region or site, or both. The models with the fixed-effects of topographic factors had better model fitting. According to AIC and BIC, the model fitting was ranked as TLNLME[ NLMET-RE [ NLME-RE [ NLMET-SE [ TLNLMET[ NLME-SE [ BMT [ BM. The differences among these models for model prediction were small. The model prediction was ranked as TLNLME [ NLME-RE [ NLMES E [ N L M E T- R E [ N L M E T- S E [ T L N L M E T [BMT [ BM. However, all eight models had relatively high prediction precision([90 %). Thus, the best model should be chosen based on the available data when using the model to predict individual tree AGB. | Guanglong Ou Junfeng Wang Hui Xu Keyi Chen Haimei Zheng Bo Zhang Xuelian Sun Tingting Xu Yifa Xiao | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Development and application of digital assistive teaching system for anatomy显示文摘Background Anatomy is a required course for all medicine-related industries.In recent decades,the teaching quality and effect of anatomy have been compromised by factors including a decrease in human body specimens,dampened enthusiasm for the discipline,reduced teaching hours of anatomy,scale expansion of medical education,and obstacles in performing field autopsies and observations.Methods Based on China's digitalized visible human research achievements,this article extracts the boundary information of anatomic structures from tomographic images,constructs three dimensional(3D)digital anatomical models with authentic texture information,and develops an anatomy assistive teaching system for teachers and students based on the knowledge points of anatomy,to meet the anatomy teaching requirements of different majors at various levels.Results This scientific,complete,and holistic system has produced over 60003D digital anatomical models,5000 anatomy knowledge points,50 anatomical operation videos,and 150 micro demonstration classes,with teaching contents for different majors and levels,such as systematic anatomy,topographic anatomy,sectional anatomy,anatomy of motion,and virtual anatomical operation table.Ranging from network terminals,desktops,touchscreen 3D displays,desktops,and projection 3D volumetric displays to augmented reality,its diversified interactive forms meet the requirements for a learning environment in different settings.Conclusions With multiple teaching and learning links covered,such as teaching environment,teaching resources,instructional slides,autonomous learning,and learning effect evaluation,this novel teaching system serves as a vital component and a necessary resource in anatomy teaching and functions as an important supplement to traditional anatomy teaching.Applied and promoted in most medical colleges and schools in China,this system has been recognized and approved by anatomy teachers and students,and plays a positive role in guaranteeing the effect and quality of anatomy teaching. | Na ZHANG Liwen TAN Fengying LI Bing HAN Yifa XU | 2021 | Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware2021，3，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Modeling and simulation of an anatomy teaching system显示文摘Specimen observation and dissection have been regarded as the best approach to teach anatomy,but due to the severe lack of anatomical specimens in recent years,the quality of anatomy teaching has been seriously affected.In order to disseminate anatomical knowledge effectively under such circumstances,this study discusses three key factors(modeling,perception,and interaction)involved in constructing virtual anatomy teaching systems in detail.To ensure the authenticity,integrity,and accuracy of modeling,detailed three-dimensional(3D)digital anatomical models are constructed using multi-scale data,such as the Chinese Visible Human dataset,clinical imaging data,tissue sections,and other sources.The anatomical knowledge ontology is built according to the needs of the particular teaching purposes.Various kinds of anatomical knowledge and 3D digital anatomical models are organically combined to construct virtual anatomy teaching system by means of virtual reality equipment and technology.The perception of knowledge is realized by the Yi Chuang Digital Human Anatomy Teaching System that we have created.The virtual interaction mode,which is similar to actual anatomical specimen observation and dissection,can enhance the transmissibility of anatomical knowledge.This virtual anatomy teaching system captures the three key factors.It can provide realistic and reusable teaching resources,expand the new medical education model,and effectively improve the quality of anatomy teaching. | Xiaoqin Zhang Jingyi Yang Na Chen Shaoxiang Zhang Yifa Xu Liwen Tan | 2019 | Visual Computing for Industry,Biomedicine,and Art2019，2，1： | 1 |
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