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| 1 | Genomic variants of genes associated with three horticultural traits in apple revealed by genome re-sequencing显示文摘The apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.)cultivar‘Su Shuai’exhibits greater disease resistance,shorter internodes and lighter fruit flavor compared with its parents‘Golden Delicious’and‘Indo’.To obtain a comprehensive overview of the sequence variation in these three horticultural traits,the genomes of‘Su Shuai’and‘Indo’were resequenced using next-generation sequencing and compared to the genome of‘Golden Delicious’.A wide range of genetic variations were detected,including 2454406 and 18749349 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)and 59547 and 50143 structural variants(SVs)in the‘Indo’and‘Su Shuai’genomes,respectively.Among the SVs in‘Su Shuai’,17 genes related to disease resistance,10 genes related to Gibberellin(GA)and 19 genes associated with fruit flavor were identified.The expression patterns of eight of the SV genes were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).The results of this study illustrate the genomic variation in these cultivars and provide evidence for a genetic basis for the horticultural traits of disease resistance,short internodes and lighter flavor exhibited in these cultivars.These results provide a genetic basis for the phenotypic characteristics of‘Su Shuai’and,as such,these SVs could serve as gene-specific molecular markers in maker-assisted breeding of apples. | Shijie Zhang Weiping Chen Lu Xin Zhihong Gao Yingjun Hou Xinyi Yu Zhen Zhang Shenchun Qu | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 5 |
| 2 | Sustainable management of Chinese grasslands—issues and knowledge显示文摘China has almost 400 Mhm^2 of grasslands,90% of which is considered degraded to varying degrees,on which 16 million herders depend for their livelihoods and many more indirectly, along the value-adding chain.Since 1950, average stocking rates across China have increased 4-fold. National policies have focused over recent decades on finding ways to rehabilitate the degraded grasslands, to sustain livestock production from them, and to improve the livelihoods of herder households, who are among the poorest people in China. A large collaborative program commenced in the early 2000 s to help find solutions to the sustainable management of grasslands.This paper summarizes key findings of many research projects, identifies where knowledge is weak and argues that the successful rehabilitation of grasslands will also require policies that provide incentives and support for herders as they move from a focus on survival to a focus on production of higher quality products, for which consumers are increasingly willing to pay. A key focus is to emphasize the improvement of animal production per head. When this is done, it naturally leads to lower stocking rates, which in turn provides the opportunities for grasslands to recover. Across a range of experiments, farm demonstrations and analyses using models, in Inner Mongolia and Gansu, a consistent result has been that a 50% reduction in stocking rates, improves net household income and starts the process of grassland rehabilitation.Rather than focusing on stocking rates, better management of grasslands could be achieved by maintaining the grasslands above critical values for herbage mass, values that help optimize botanical composition, reduce soil erosion, optimize animal growth rates and aid ecosystem functions. Managing to critical values for herbage mass is likely to be more effective than efforts to calculate sustainable stocking rates. An early summer rest is valuable for aiding grassland rehabilitation and summer productivity, but a total grazing ban(typically for 5 years)may not achieve its aims as evidence shows it may take 10–15 years to achieve a better grassland state. Lessdesirable plant species often increase in degraded grasslands that are rested and grazing can help manage those species. Surveys of herders indicate they have very mixed views on the benefits of total grazing bans that are unlikely to rehabilitate grasslands to an ideal botanical composition.The current objective is to work with grasslands that herders now have and optimize the existing composition.Grazing grasslands in winter results primarily in weight loss by animals and there is now evidence of how winter grazing reduces grassland growth in the next summer. It is better to keep animals in well-built sheds and feed them better, improved feeding through the cold months is required. In addition to the application of results from national programs designed to improve grasslands, it will be important to train herders as they move from survival to production, to foster the development of better markets for their livestock products, to devise better financial support for herder businesses and to revise land tenure arrangements so that herders can expand the area of land they graze on better terms than apply at present. | David KEMP Guodong HAN Fujiang HOU Xiangyang HOU Zhiguo LI Yi SUN Zhongwu WANG Jianping WU Xiaoqing ZHANG Yingjun ZHANG Xuyin GONG | 2018 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2018，5，1： | 3 |
| 3 | USP31 acetylation at Lys1264 is essential for its activity and cervical cancer cell growth显示文摘Ubiquitin-specific protease 31(USP31)is a member of deubiquitinase family that is involved in nuclear factor-KB activation and sarcomagenesis.However,little is known about posttranslational modification in the regulation of its activity and cervical cancer cell growth.In our study,we found that the Lys1264 residue of USP31 can be modified with an acetyl group by high-resolution mass spectrometry in HeLa cell line,and site-specific mutagenesis can significantly increase USP31 ubiquitin hydrolase activity and decrease the expression of p65.When being transfected with a plasmid expressing mutated USP31,the number of cancer cells was significantly decreased.We also observed that mutated USP31 could promote apoptosis but not cell cycle by flow cytometer analysis.Overexpression of mutated USP31 could reverse the effect in USP31 knockdown cell line.To further investigate its activity in tumorigenesis,deacetylase sirtuin 1(Sirtl)was shown to interact with USP31 by co-immunoprecipitation and blocking the function of Sirtl by knockdown or the inhibitor nicotinamide could increase the acetylation of USP31.When Lys1264 of USP31 mutated,Sirtl could not remove its acetylation and alter the expression level of p65.Finally,inhibition or knockdown of Sirtl suppressed USP31 activity in HeLa cell line,leading to cisplatin-induced apoptosis resistance.Therefore,acetylation at Lys1264 suppresses USP31 activity and plays a protective role in cancer cell growth.Our study contributes to understanding the mechanism of USP31 activity regulation and its role in tumorigenesis. | Yaoyao Hou Yingjun Fan Xian Xia Jicheng Pan Jianjun Hou Xixia Liu Xinpeng Chen | 2021 | Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica2021，53，8： | 1 |
| 4 | Natural ingredients from Chinese materia medica for pulmonary hypertension显示文摘Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a severe pathophysiological condition characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling and continuous increases in pulmonary artery pressure,which may eventually develop to right heart failure and death.Although newly discovered and incredible treatment strategies in recent years have improved the prognosis of PH,limited types of effective and economical drugs for PH still makes it as a life-threatening disease.Some drugs from Chinese materia medica(CMM)have been traditionally applied in the treatment of lung diseases.Accumulating evidence suggests active pharmaceutical ingredients(APIs)derived from those medicines brings promising future for the prevention and treatment of PH.In this review,we summarized the pharmacological effects of APIs derived from CMM which are potent in treating PH,so as to provide new thoughts for initial drug discovery and identification of potential therapeutic strategies in alternative medicine for PH. | ZHANG Jia-Rui OUYANG Xuan HOU Chi YANG Qi-Feng Wu Yingjun LU Wen-Ju LIU Chun-Li YANG Kai ZHONG Nan-Shan WANG Jian CHEN Yu-Qin | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2021，19，11： | 1 |
| 5 | MdWRKY75e enhances resistance to Alternaria alternata in Malus domestica显示文摘The Alternaria alternata apple pathotype adversely affects apple(Malus domestica Borkh.)cultivation.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying enhanced resistance to this pathogen in apple remain poorly understood.We have previously reported that MdWRKY75 expression is upregulated by A.alternata infection in‘Sushuai’apples.In this study,we discovered that overexpression of MdWRKY75e increased the resistance of transgenic apple lines to A.alternata infection,whereas silencing this gene enhanced susceptibility to A.alternata infection.Furthermore,we found that MdWRKY75e directly binds to the MdLAC7 promoter to regulate the biosynthesis of laccase and increase the biosynthesis of lignin during A.alternata infection.Moreover,the thickening of the cell wall enhanced the mechanical defense capabilities of apple.In addition,we found that jasmonic acid remarkably induced MdWRKY75e expression,and its levels in transgenic apple lines were elevated.These results indicate that MdWRKY75e confers resistance to the A.alternata apple pathotype mainly via the jasmonic acid pathway and that pathogenesis-related genes and antioxidant-related enzyme activity are involved in the disease resistance of MdWRKY75e transgenic plants.In conclusion,our fi ndings provide insights into the importance of MdWRKY75e for resistance to A.alternata infection in apples. | Yingjun Hou Xinyi Yu Weiping Chen Weibing Zhuang Sanhong Wang Chao Sun Lifang Cao Tingting Zhou Shenchun Qu | 2021 | Horticulture Research2021，8，1： | 0 |
| 6 | Large-Scale Vehicle Platooning:Advances and Challenges in Scheduling and Planning Techniques显示文摘Through vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V)communication,autonomizing a vehicle platoon can significantly reduce the distance between vehicles,thereby reducing air resistance and improving road traffic efficiency.The gradual maturation of platoon control technology is enabling vehicle platoons to achieve basic driving functions,thereby permitting large-scale vehicle platoon scheduling and planning,which is essential for industrialized platoon applications and generates significant economic benefits.Scheduling and planning are required in many aspects of vehicle platoon operation;here,we outline the advantages and challenges of a number of the most important applications,including platoon formation scheduling,lane-change planning,passing traffic light scheduling,and vehicle resource allocation.This paper’s primary objective is to integrate current independent platoon scheduling and planning techniques into an integrated architecture to meet the demands of large-scale platoon applications.To this end,we first summarize the general techniques of vehicle platoon scheduling and planning,then list the primary scenarios for scheduling and planning technique application,and finally discuss current challenges and future development trends in platoon scheduling and planning.We hope that this paper can encourage related platoon researchers to conduct more systematic research and integrate multiple platoon scheduling and planning technologies and applications. | Jing Hou Guang Chen Jin Huang Yingjun Qiao Lu Xiong Fuxi Wen Alois Knoll Changjun Jiang | 2023 | Engineering2023，，9： | 0 |
| 7 | Natural variation in the SVP contributes to the pleiotropic adaption of Arabidopsis thaliana across contrasted habitats显示文摘Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedite such adaptations. Until present, only a limited number of genes have been reported to exhibit pleiotropy. Here, we create a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes originating from divergent habitats. Using this RIL population, we identify an allelic variation in a MADS-box transcription factor, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), which exerts a pleiotropic effect on leaf size and drought-versus-humidity tolerance. Further investigation reveals that a natural null variant of the SVP protein disrupts its normal regulatory interactions with target genes, including GRF3, CYP707A1/3, and AtBG1, leading to increased leaf size, enhanced tolerance to humid conditions, and changes in flowering time of humid conditions in A. thaliana. Remarkably, polymorphic variations in this gene have been traced back to early A. thaliana populations, providing a genetic foundation and plasticity for subsequent colonization of diverse habitats by influencing multiple traits. These findings advance our understanding of how plants rapidly adapt to changing environments by virtue of the pleiotropic effects of individual genes on multiple trait alterations. | Xiang Guo Ruyun Liang Shangling Lou Jing Hou Liyang Chen Xin Liang Xiaoqin Feng Yingjun Yao Jianquan Liu Huanhuan Liu | 2023 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2023，50，12： | 0 |
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