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| 1 | Ensemble Forecast: A New Approach to Uncertainty and Predictability显示文摘Ensemble techniques have been used to generate daily numerical weather forecasts since the 1990s innumerical centers around the world due to the increase in computation ability. One of the main purposesof numerical ensemble forecasts is to try to assimilate the initial uncertainty (initial error) and the forecastuncertainty (forecast error) by applying either the initial perturbation method or the multi-model/multi-physics method. In fact, the mean of an ensemble forecast offers a better forecast than a deterministic(or control) forecast after a short lead time (3-5 days) for global modelling applications. There is abouta 1-2-day improvement in the forecast skill when using an ensemble mean instead of a single forecastfor longer lead-time. The skillful forecast (65% and above of an anomaly correlation) could be extendedto 8 days (or longer) by present-day ensemble forecast systems. Furthermore, ensemble forecasts candeliver a probabilistic forecast to the users, which is based on the probability density function (PDF)instead of a single-value forecast from a traditional deterministic system. It has long been recognized thatthe ensemble forecast not only improves our weather forecast predictability but also offers a remarkableforecast for the future uncertainty, such as the relative measure of predictability (RMOP) and probabilisticquantitative precipitation forecast (PQPP). Not surprisingly, the success of the ensemble forecast and itswide application greatly increase the confidence of model developers and research communities. | Yuejian ZHU | 2005 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2005，22，6： | 18 |
| 2 | 夏季亚欧中高纬度环流的集合预报效果检验显示文摘使用NCEP集合预报资料,对亚洲中高纬地区2003年6—8月500 hPa高度场的集合预报效果进行了检验。环流预报效果检验结果表明:预报时效大于5 d时,集合平均预报明显优于单一预报;使用相同模式分辨率时,集合平均能将可用预报时效延长12 h以上,达到7.5 d;通过集合预报可获得真正意义的概率预报结果,取得较单一高分辨率预报好的预报效果。阻塞过程的个例分析也表明集合平均的预报效果明显优于单一确定性预报;特征等值线可反映集合成员的不一致信息和少数集合成员的异常表现,以此为基础,可估计分析对象出现与否的概率,达到提高预报效果的目的。 | 段明铿 王盘兴 吴洪宝 Zhu Yuejian | 2009 | 应用气象学报2009，20，1： | 16 |
| 3 | Advanced Ni-Nx-C single-site catalysts for CO2 electroreduction to CO based on hierarchical carbon nanocages and S-doping显示文摘Metal-nitrogen-carbon materials are promising catalysts for CO2 electroreduction to CO. Herein, by taking the unique hierarchical carbon nanocages as the support, an advanced nickel-nitrogen-carbon single-site catalyst is conveniently prepared by pyrolyzing the mixture of NiCl2 and phenanthroline, which exhibits a Faradaic efficiency plateau of > 87% in a wide potential window of −0.6 – −1.0 V. Further S-doping by adding KSCN into the precursor much enhances the CO specific current density by 68%, up to 37.5 A·g−1 at −0.8 V, along with an improved CO Faradaic efficiency plateau of > 90%. Such an enhancement can be ascribed to the facilitated CO pathway and suppressed hydrogen evolution from thermodynamic viewpoint as well as the increased electroactive surface area and improved charge transfer fromkinetic viewpoint due to the S-doping. This study demonstrates a simple and effective approach to advanced electrocatalysts by synergetic modification of the porous carbon-based support and electronic structure of the active sites. | Yiqun Chen Yuejian Yao Yujian Xia Kun Mao Gongao Tang Qiang Wu Lijun Yang Xizhang Wang Xuhui Sun Zheng Hu | 2020 | Nano Research2020，13，10： | 8 |
| 4 | Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Double-cell Ozonesonde显示文摘Ozonesondes are widely used to obtain ozone concentration profiles from the surface to the upper atmosphere. A kind of double-cell ozonesonde has been developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics(IAP), Chinese Academy of Sciences(named the 'IAP ozonesonde') based on previous experience over the past 20 years of developing the singlecell GPSO3 ozonesonde. The IAP ozonesonde is of the Electrochemical Concentration Cell(ECC) type. A detailed description of the IAP ozonesonde is firstly provided in the present paper, followed by a presentation of results from a series of launches carried out to evaluate its performance. The analysis involved comparing its observations with measurements from the GPSO3 and ECC ozonesondes(Model type ENSCI-Z) as well as a Brewer spectrophotometer. The results showed that the IAP ozonesonde is a vast improvement over the GPSO3 ozonesonde, able to capture vertical ozone structures very well and in good agreement with ECC ozonesonde measurements. The average difference in the ozone partial pressure between the IAP and ECC ozonesondes was 0.3 mPa from the surface to 2.5 km, close to zero from 2.5 to 9 km and generally less than 1 mPa for layers higher than 9 km. The apparent deviation is likely caused by a decreasing pump flow rate in the IAP ozonesonde which needs further improvement. The total ozone amounts measured by the IAP ozonesonde profiles were highly comparable with the Brewer data with a relative difference of 6%. The development of the IAP ozonesonde and its strong performance will surely accelerate the process of conventional observations of ozone profiles over China in the near future as well as provide more data for ozone research in general. | ZHANG Jinqiang XUAN Yuejian YAN Xiaolu LIU Mingyuan TIAN Hongmin XIA Xiang'ao PANG Li ZHENG Xiangdong | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，4： | 7 |
| 5 | An Effective Configuration of Ensemble Size and Horizontal Resolution for the NCEP GEFS显示文摘Two important questions are addressed in this paper using the Global Ensemble Forecast System(GEFS) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP):(1) How many ensemble members are needed to better represent forecast uncertainties with limited computational resources?(2) What is the relative impact on forecast skill of increasing model resolution and ensemble size? Two-month experiments at T126L28 resolution were used to test the impact of varying the ensemble size from 5 to 80 members at the 500hPa geopotential height.Results indicate that increasing the ensemble size leads to significant improvements in the performance for all forecast ranges when measured by probabilistic metrics,but these improvements are not significant beyond 20 members for long forecast ranges when measured by deterministic metrics.An ensemble of 20 to 30 members is the most effective configuration of ensemble sizes by quantifying the tradeoff between ensemble performance and the cost of computational resources.Two representative configurations of the GEFS-the T126L28 model with 70 members and the T190L28 model with 20 members,which have equivalent computing costs-were compared.Results confirm that,for the NCEP GEFS,increasing the model resolution is more(less) beneficial than increasing the ensemble size for a short(long) forecast range. | 麻巨慧 Yuejian ZHU Richard WOBUS Panxing WANG | 2012 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2012，29，4： | 5 |
| 6 | Highly Stable Molecular Borromean Rings显示文摘 | Ye Lu Yuejian Lin Zhenhua Li Guoxin Jin | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2018，36，2： | 4 |
| 7 | Impacts of climate change and human activities on water resources in the Ebinur Lake Basin, Northwest China显示文摘Changing climatic conditions and extensive human activities have influenced the global water cycle.In recent years,significant changes in climate and land use have degraded the watershed ecosystem of the Ebinur Lake Basin in Xinjiang,Northwest China.In this paper,variations of runoff,temperature,precipitation,reference evapotranspiration,lake area,socio-economic water usage,groundwater level and water quality in the Ebinur Lake Basin from 1961 to 2015 were systematically analyzed by the Mann-Kendall test methods(M-K)mutation test,the cumulative levelling method,the climate-sensitive method and land-use change index.In addition,we evaluated the effects of human activities on land use change and water quality.The results reveal that there was a significant increase in temperature and precipitation from 1961 to 2015,despite a decrease in reference evapotranspiration.The Wenquan station was not significantly affected by human activities as it is situated at a higher altitude.Runoff at this station increased significantly with climate warming.In contrast,runoff at the Jinghe station was severely affected by numerous human activities.Runoff decreased without obvious fluctuations.The contributions of climate change to runoff variation at the Jinghe and Wenquan stations were 46.87%and 58.94%,respectively;and the contributions of human activities were 53.13%and 41.06%,respectively.Land-use patterns in the basin have changed significantly between 1990 and 2015:urban and rural constructed lands,saline-alkali land,bare land,cultivated land,and forest land have expanded,while areas under grassland,lake,ice/snow and river/channel have declined.Human activities have dramatically intensified land degradation and desertification.From 1961 to 2015,both the inflow into the Ebinur Lake and the area of the lake have declined year by year;groundwater levels have dropped significantly,and the water quality has deteriorated during the study period.In the oasis irrigation area below the runoff pass,human activities mainly influenced the utilization mode and quantity of water resources.Changes in the hydrology and quantity of water resources were driven primarily by the continuous expansion of cultivated land and oasis,as well as the growth of population and the construction of hydraulic engineering projects.After 2015,the effects of some ecological protection projects were observed.However,there was no obvious sign of ecological improvement in the basin,and some environmental problems continue to persist.On this basis,this study recommends that the expansion of oasis should be limited according to the carrying capacity of the local water bodies.Moreover,in order to ensure the ecological security of the basin,it is necessary to determine the optimal oasis area for sustainable development and improve the efficiency of water resources exploitation and utilization. | WANG Yuejian GU Xinchen YANG Guang YAO Junqiang LIAO Na | 2021 | Journal of Arid Land2021，13，6： | 3 |
| 8 | Overexpression of the neuroglobin gene delivered by ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction protects SH-SY5Y cells against cobalt chloride induced hypoxia显示文摘In this study, we examined the effects of neuroglobin gene (Ngb) transfection into SH-SY5Y cells, using ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD), on cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia. With an ultrasound intensity of 0.8 W/cm2, a 60-second exposure duration, 50% duty cycle, and 20% microbubble concentration, pAcGFP1-C1-Ngb-transfected cells exhibited the highest cell viability and transfection efficiency. The efficiency of plasmid delivery was significantly higher with UTMD than transfection with plasmid alone, transfection with plasmid using microbubbles, or transfection of plasmid by ultrasound. In addition, during cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia, caspase-3 activity in pAcGFP1-C1-Ngb-transfected cells was significantly lower than in untransfected cells. Ngb protein and mRNA expression were significantly higher in cells transfected by UTMD than in cells transfected with the other methods. These results demonstrate that UTMD can very efficiently mediate exogenous gene delivery, and that Ngb overexpression protects cells against cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia. | Qian Yang Dianwen Gao Qingzhu Nie Zhengang Cai Jian Du Lujuan Shan Yuejian Liu | 2011 | Neural Regeneration Research2011，6，25： | 3 |
| 9 | Hupo powder promotes autophagy of menstrual blood-derived stem cells from patients with endometriosis显示文摘Objective:To explore the effect of Hupo powder(HP)on autophagy in menstrual blood-derived stem cells(MenSCs)with endometriosis(EMT).Methods:EMT MenSCs(E-MenSCs)and healthy MenSCs(H-MenSCs)were isolated from the menstrual blood of patients with EMT and healthy female participants,respectively.We identified their stem cells’characteristics via adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.Twelve male SpragueeDawley rats received 0.9% NaCl and HP-dispensing granules by gastric irrigation to prepare blank serum and medicated serum,respectively.We used serum concentrations of 5%,10%,and 20%,each at administered times of 12,24,and 48 h to select the best condition.These cells were divided into three groups:blank serum of the control group,blank serum of the model group,and medicated serum of the HP group.H-MenSCs were used in the control group,while E-MenSCs were used in the model and HP groups.We analyzed cell viability using a cell counting kit-8 assay,observed cell morphology,evaluated the amounts of auto-phagosomes and autolysosomes by transmission electron microscopy,and detected the protein expression of autophagy markers(LC3-II and Beclin1)by Western blot.Results:E-MenSCs and H-MenSCs became long fusiform with a diffuse radial pattern,forming lipid droplets and calcium nodules after adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.We then used the best conditiond 20% serum and 48 hdfor the subsequent experiments.In contrast to the model group,the HP group exhibited lower cell viability(=0.007),larger amounts of autophagosomes and autolysosomes(P<0.001 and P=0.001,respectively),and higher expression of LC3-II and Beclin1(P=0.021 and P=0.019,respectively).Conclusion:Hupo powder can promote autophagy in E-MenSCs,which might be one of the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects. | Yuejian Zhang Changxiang Li Conglu Sui Xiuping Zhang Ya'nan Guo Tiantian He Taoxiu Lin Xiaona Ma | 2023 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences2023，10，2： | 1 |
| 10 | A multi-location joint field observation of the stratosphere and troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The unique geographical location and high altitude of the Tibetan Plateau can greatly influence regional weather and climate.In particular, the Asian summer monsoon(ASM) anticyclone circulation system over the Tibetan Plateau is recognized to be a significant transport pathway for water vapor and pollutants to enter the stratosphere. To improve understanding of these physical processes, a multi-location joint atmospheric experiment was performed over the Tibetan Plateau from late July to August in 2018, funded by the fiveyear(2018–2022) STEAM(stratosphere and troposphere exchange experiment during ASM) project, during which multiple platforms/instruments—including long-duration stratospheric balloons, dropsondes, unmanned aerial vehicles, special sounding systems, and ground-based and satellite-borne instruments—will be deployed. These complementary methods of data acquisition are expected to provide comprehensive atmospheric parameters(aerosol, ozone, water vapor, CO_2, CH_4, CO, temperature, pressure,turbulence, radiation, lightning and wind); the richness of this approach is expected to advance our comprehension of key mechanisms associated with thermal, dynamical, radiative, and chemical transports over the Tibetan Plateau during ASM activity. | JinQiang Zhang Yi Liu HongBin Chen ZhaoNan Cai ZhiXuan Bai LingKun Ran Tao Luo Jing Yang YiNan Wang YueJian Xuan YinBo Huang XiaoQing Wu JianChun Bian DaRen Lu | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Graphene oxide absorbed anti-IL10R antibodies enhance LPS induced immune responses in vitro and in vivo显示文摘 | Guoying Ni Yuejian Wang Xiaolian Wu Xiongfei Wang Shu Chen Xiaosong Liu | 2012 | Immunology Letters2012，，2： | 1 |
| 12 | luxS mutant regulation: quorum sensing impairment or methylation disorder?显示文摘 | WANG Qian HE Zhiyan HU Yuejian | 2012 | Sensors2012，12，： | 1 |
| 13 | Progress and challenges in automatic aerial refueling显示文摘 | DONG Xinmin XU Yuejian CHEN Bo | 2008 | Journal of Air Force Engineering Uni- versity (Natural Science Edition)2008，9，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Challenge to forty- fold expansion of biodegradable polyester foams by using carbon dioxide as a blowing agent 显示文摘 | PARK C B LIU Yuejian Naguib H E | 2000 | J Vinyl Addit Techn- ol2000，6，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Short and simple peptide-based pH-sensitive hydrogel for antitumor drug delivery显示文摘Since self-assembled peptide hydrogels can solve the problems such as low solubility, poor selectivity and serious adverse effects of traditional chemotherapy drugs, they have been widely used as carrier materials for drug delivery. In this study, we developed a novel and injectable drug delivery platform for the antitumor drug doxorubicin(DOX) using a p H-responsive ionic-complementary octapeptide FOE.This octapeptide could self-assemble into stable hydrogel under neutral conditions, while disassemble under the tumor microenvironment. Especially, at p H 5.8, its micromorphology displayed a transition from nanofibers to nanospheres with the change of secondary structure, which enhanced cellular uptake of DOX. In addition, FOE hydrogel serves as a smart drug reservoir by localized injection to achieve sustained drug release and improve antitumor efficacy. This octapeptide opens up new avenues for promoting the clinical translation of anticancer drugs on account of excellent injectable properties and economic benefits of simple and short sequence. | Jie Li Zhongshi Wang Han Han Zhonghua Xu Shasha Li Ying Zhu Yuejian Chen Liang Ge Yuan Zhang | 2022 | Chinese Chemical Letters2022，33，4： | 1 |
| 16 | First Rocketsonde Launched from an Unmanned Semi-submersible Vehicle显示文摘The unmanned semi-submersible vehicle(USSV) developed by the unmanned surface vehicle team of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics is an unmanned, rugged, and high-endurance autonomous navigation vessel designed for the collection of long-term, continuous and real-time marine meteorological measurements, including atmospheric sounding in the lower troposphere. A series of river and sea trials were conducted from May 2016 to November 2017, and the first rocketsonde was launched from the USSV. Real-time meteorological parameters in the marine atmospheric boundary layer(MABL) were obtained, including sea surface temperature, and vertical profiles of the pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed,and wind direction. These data are extremely useful and important for research on air–sea interactions, sea surface heat and latent heat flux estimations, MABL modeling, and marine satellite product validation. | Hongbin CHEN Jun LI Yuejian XUAN Xiaosong HUANG Weifeng ZHU Keping ZHU Wenzheng SHAO | 2019 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2019，36，4： | 1 |
| 17 | Insitu phase transition study of nano-and coarse-grainedTiO<SUB>2</SUB> under high pressure/temperature conditions显示文摘 | Yuejian Wang Yusheng Zhao Jianzhong Zhang Hongwu Xu Liping Wang Sheng-Nian Luo Luke L Daemen | 2008 | Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter2008，，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Grain size effects on the compressibility and yield strength of copper显示文摘 | WANG Yuejian ZHANG Jianzhong WEI Qiang | 2013 | Journal of Physics and Chemislry of Solids2013，74，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Dense 3-uniform hypergraphs containing a large clique显示文摘An r-uniform graph C is dense if and only if every proper subgraph G' of G satisfies λ(G') < λ(G).,where λ(G) is the Lagrangian of a hypergraph G. In 1980's, Sidorenko showed that π(F), the Turán density of an γ-uniform hypergraph F is r! multiplying the supremum of the Lagrangians of all dense F-hom-free γ-uniform hypergraphs. This connection has been applied in the estimating Turán density of hypergraphs. When γ=2 the result of Motzkin and Straus shows that a graph is dense if and only if it is a complete graph. However,when r ≥ 3, it becomes much harder to estimate the Lagrangians of γ-uniform hypergraphs and to characterize the structure of all dense γ-uniform graphs. The main goal of this note is to give some sufficient conditions for3-uniform graphs with given substructures to be dense. For example, if G is a 3-graph with vertex set [t] and m edges containing [t-1]^(3),then G is dense if and only if m≥{t-2 3)+(t-2 2)+1. We also give a sufficient condition on the number of edges for a 3-uniform hypergraph containing a large clique minus 1 or 2 edges to be dense. | Biao Wu Yuejian Peng | 2018 | Science China Mathematics2018，61，3： | 0 |
| 20 | Copy numbers of mitochondrial genes change during melon leaf development and are lower than the numbers of mitochondria显示文摘Melon is a useful plant species for studying mitochondrial genetics because it contains one of the largest and structurally diverse mitochondrial genomes among all plant species and undergoes paternal transmission of mitochondria.We used droplet digital(dd)PCR in combination with flow cytometric determination of nuclear DNA quantities to determine the absolute per-cell copy numbers of four mitochondrial genes(nad9,rps1,matR,and atp6)across four stages of melon leaf development.The copy numbers of these mitochondrial genes not only varied during leaf development but also differed among each other,and there was no correlation between the copy numbers of the mitochondrial genes and their transcript levels.The gene copy numbers varied from approximately 36.8±4.5(atp6 copies in the 15th leaf)to approximately 82.9±5.7(nad9 copies in the 9th leaf),while the mean number of mitochondria was approximately 416.6±182.7 in the 15th leaf and 459.1±228.2 in the 9th leaf.These observations indicate that the leaf cells of melon do not contain sufficient copies of mitochondrial genes to ensure that every mitochondrion possesses the entire mitochondrial genome.Given this cytological evidence,our results indicate that mtDNA in melon exists as a sub-genomic molecule rather than as a single-master circle and that the copy numbers of individual mitochondrial genes may vary greatly.An improved understanding of the molecular mechanism(s)controlling the relative prevalence and transmission of sub-genomic mtDNA molecules should provide insights into the continuity of the mitochondrial genome across generations. | Jia Shen Yuejian Zhang Michael J.Havey Weisong Shou | 2019 | Horticulture Research2019，6，1： | 0 |
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