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| 1 | Trending IC design directions in 2022显示文摘For the non-stop demands for a better and smarter society, the number of electronic devices keeps increasing exponentially;and the computation power, communication data rate, smart sensing capability and intelligence are always not enough. Hardware supports software, while the integrated circuit(IC) is the core of hardware. In this long review paper, we summarize and discuss recent trending IC design directions and challenges, and try to give the readers big/cool pictures on each selected small/hot topics. We divide the trends into the following six categories, namely, 1) machine learning and artificial intelligence(AI) chips, 2) communication ICs, 3) data converters, 4) power converters, 5) imagers and range sensors, 6) emerging directions. Hope you find this paper useful for your future research and works. | Chi-Hang Chan Lin Cheng Wei Deng Peng Feng Li Geng Mo Huang Haikun Jia Lu Jie Ka-Meng Lei Xihao Liu Xun Liu Yongpan Liu Yan Lu Kaiming Nie Dongfang Pan Nan Qi Sai-Weng Sin Nan Sun Wenyu Sun Jiangtao Xu Jinshan Yue Milin Zhang Zhao Zhang | 2022 | Journal of Semiconductors2022，43，7： | 3 |
| 2 | Decadal Variations of Intense Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific during 1948–2010显示文摘Using Joint Warning Typhoon Center(JTWC) best track data during the period 1948–2010, decadal and interdecadal changes of annual category 4 and 5 tropical cyclone(TC) frequency in the western North Pacific basin were examined. By allowing all of the observed TCs in the JTWC dataset to move along the observed TC tracks in a TC intensity model, the annual category 4 and 5 TC frequency was simulated. The results agreed well with observations when the TC intensity prior to 1973 was adjusted based on time-dependent biases due to changes in measurement and reporting practices. The simulated and adjusted time series showed significant decadal(12–18 years) variability, while the interdecadal(18–32 years) variability was found to be statistically insignificant. Numerical simulations indicated that changes in TC tracks are the most important factor for the decadal variability in the category 4 and 5 TC frequency in the western North Pacific basin, while a combined effect of changes in SST and vertical wind shear also contributes to the decadal variability. Further analysis suggested that the active phase of category 4 and 5 TCs is closely associated with an eastward shift in the TC formation locations, which allows more TCs to follow a longer journey, favoring the development of category 4 and 5 TCs. The active phase corresponds with the SST warming over the tropical central and eastern Pacific and the eastward extension of the monsoon trough, thus leading to the eastward shift in TC formation locations. | ZHAO Haikun WU Liguang WANG Ruifang | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Modulation of Tropical Cyclogenesis in the Western North Pacific by the Quasi-Biweekly Oscillation显示文摘The quasi-biweekly oscillation(QBWO) is the second most dominant intraseasonal mode over the western North Pacific(WNP) during boreal summer. In this study, the modulation of WNP tropical cyclogenesis(TCG) by the QBWO and its association with large-scale patterns are investigated. A strong modulation of WNP TCG events by the QBWO is found.More TCG events occur during the QBWO's convectively active phase. Based on the genesis potential index(GPI), we further evaluate the role of environmental factors in affecting WNP TCG. The positive GPI anomalies associated with the QBWO correspond well with TCG counts and locations. A large positive GPI anomaly is spatially correlated with WNP TCG events during a life cycle of the QBWO. The low-level relative vorticity and mid-level relative humidity appear to be two dominant contributors to the QBWO-composited GPI anomalies during the QBWO's active phase, followed by the nonlinear and potential intensity terms. These positive contributions to the GPI anomalies are partly offset by the negative contribution from the vertical wind shear. During the QBWO's inactive phase, the mid-level relative humidity appears to be the largest contributor, while weak contributions are also made by the nonlinear and low-level relative vorticity terms.Meanwhile, these positive contributions are partly cancelled out by the negative contribution from the potential intensity.The contributions of these environmental factors to the GPI anomalies associated with the QBWO are similar in all five flow patterns—the monsoon shear line, monsoon confluence region, monsoon gyre, easterly wave, and Rossby wave energy dispersion associated with a preexisting TC. Further analyses show that the QBWO strongly modulates the synoptic-scale wave trains(SSWs) over the WNP, with larger amplitude SSWs during the QBWO's active phase. This implies a possible enhanced(weakened) relationship between TCG and SSWs during the active(inactive) phase. This study improves our understanding of the modulation of WNP TCG by the QBWO and thus helps with efforts to improve the intraseasonal prediction of WNP TCG. | Haikun ZHAO Chunzai WANG Ryuji YOSHIDA | 2016 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2016，33，12： | 3 |
| 4 | Dynamically Derived Tropical Cyclone Intensity Changes over the Western North Pacific显示文摘 | Wu Liguang Zhao Haikun | 2012 | Journal of Climate2012，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Understanding of the Effect of Climate Change on Tropical Cyclone Intensity:A Review显示文摘The effect of climate change on tropical cyclone intensity has been an important scientific issue for a few decades.Although theory and modeling suggest the intensification of tropical cyclones in a warming climate,there are uncertainties in the assessed and projected responses of tropical cyclone intensity to climate change.While a few comprehensive reviews have already provided an assessment of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclone activity including tropical cyclone intensity,this review focuses mainly on the understanding of the effect of climate change on basin-wide tropical cyclone intensity,including indices for basin-wide tropical cyclone intensity,historical datasets used for intensity trend detection,environmental control of tropical cyclone intensity,detection and simulation of tropical cyclone intensity change,and some issues on the assessment of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclone intensity.In addition to the uncertainty in the historical datasets,intertwined natural variabilities,the considerable model bias in the projected large-scale environment,and poorly simulated inner-core structures of tropical cyclones,it is suggested that factors controlling the basin-wide intensity can be different from individual tropical cyclones since the assessment of the effect of climate change treats tropical cyclones in a basin as a whole. | Liguang WU Haikun ZHAO Chao WANG Jian CAO Jia LIANG | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Study on the Coniferous Characters of Pinus yunnanensis and Its Clustering Analysis显示文摘Pine is a relatively easy genus for intermediate hybridization. It has been widely believed that there should be a natural hybrid population in the distribution of Pinus massoniona Lamb. and Pinus hangshuanensis Hsia, that is, the excessive type of external form between Pinus massoniana and Pinus taiwanensis exist. This paper mainly discusses the traits and clustering analysis of coniferous lozeng in Huangshan scenic area. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the classification of long and outstanding Huangshan Song and so on. At the same time, it will provide reference for the phenomenon of gene seepage between the two species. | Zongwei Zhou Mingyu Wang Haikun Zhao | 2017 | Gene Science & Engineering2017，1，1： | 0 |
| 7 | Simulation of Extreme Updrafts in the Tropical Cyclone Eyewall显示文摘Strong vertical motion(>10 m s-1)has profound implications for tropical cyclone(TC)structure changes and intensity.While extreme updrafts in the TC are occasionally observed in real TCs,the associated small-scale features remain unclear.Based on an analysis of the extreme eyewall updrafts in two numerical experiments conducted with the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model,in which the large-eddy simulation(LES)technique was used with the finest grid spacings of 37 and 111 m,for the first time this study demonstrates that the simulated extreme updrafts that occur mainly in the enhanced eyewall convection on the down-shear left side are comparable to available observations.The simulated extreme updraft exhibits relatively high frequencies in the lower(750 m),middle(6.5 km)and upper(13 km)troposphere,which are associated with different types of small-scale structures.While the lower-level extreme updraft is mainly related to the tornado-scale vortex,the extreme updraft at upper levels is closely associated with a pair of counter-rotating horizontal rolls oriented generally along the TC tangential flow,which are closely associated with the enhanced eyewall convection.The extreme updraft at middle levels is related to relatively complicated small-scale structures.The study suggests that extreme updrafts can be simulated when the grid spacing is about 100 m or less in the WRF-LES framework,although the simulated small-scale features need further verification in both observation and simulation. | Yan ZHENG Liguang WU Haikun ZHAO Xingyang ZHOU Qingyuan LIU | 2020 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2020，37，7： | 0 |
| 8 | A Climatological Perspective on Extratropical Synoptic-Scale Transient Eddy Activity Response to Western Pacific Tropical Cyclones显示文摘An observational study focusing on the contribution of tropical cyclones(TCs)that form over the western North Pacific(WNP)to the synoptic-scale transient eddy activity(STEA)over the North Pacific during the boreal autumn and early winter in the period 1979–2019 is presented in this paper.Statistical results show that WNP TCs entering the midlatitudinal North Pacific provide significant positive effects on the pentad mean strength of STEA,which is primarily concentrated over the Kuroshio/Oyashio Extensions(KOE)and regions from east of Japan to 160°W in the lower and midto-upper troposphere,respectively.TC intensity is highly indicative of the subsequent STEA with a correlation coefficient of 0.37/0.33/0.45 at 300 hPa/500 hPa/850 hPa exceeding the 99%confidence level for the period 1979–2019.The strength of STEA in the upper troposphere associated with TCs presents a more significant linear growth with TC intensity than that at the mid-to-lower levels after the cyclones enter the KOE region,suggesting that the impact of TCs on STEA gradually increases with height.Further analyses reveal that the contribution of TCs accounts for 4%–6%of the total STEA change over the KOE region during the late autumn and early winter.In addition,the influence of TCs on STEA experienced an interdecadal decrease from the early 2000 s through the early 2010 s. | Yao HA Zhong ZHONG Haikun ZHAO Yimin ZHU Yao YAO Yijia HU | 2022 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2022，39，2： | 0 |
| 9 | Earth Summit Mission 2022:Scientific Expedition and Research on Mt.Qomolangma Helps Reveal the Synergy between Westerly Winds and Monsoon and the Resulting Climatic and Environmental Effects显示文摘“Earth summit mission 2022”is one of the landmark scientific research activities of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP).This scientific expedition firstly used advanced technology and methods to detect vertical meteorological elements and produce forecasts for mountain climbing.The“Earth summit mission 2022”Qomolangma scientific expedition exceeded an altitude of over 8000 meters for the first time and carried out a comprehensive scientific investigation mission on the summit of Mt.Qomolangma.Among the participants,the westerly–monsoon synergy and influence team stationed in the Mt.Qomolangma region had two tasks:1)detecting the vertical structure of the atmosphere for parameters such as wind,temperature,humidity,and pressure with advanced instruments for high-altitude detection at the Mt.Qomolangma base camp;and 2)observing extreme weather processes to ensure that members of the mountaineering team could successfully reach the top.Through this scientific expedition,a better understanding of the vertical structure and weather characteristics of the complex area of Mt.Qomolangma is gained. | Yaoming MA Weiqiang MA Huaguang DAI Lei ZHANG Fanglin SUN Jinqiang ZHANG Nan YAO Jianan HE Zhixuan BAI Yuejian XUAN Yunshuai ZHANG Yuan YUAN Chenyi YANG Weijun SUN Ping ZHAO Minghu DING Kongju ZHU Jie HU Bian Bazhuga Bai Juepingcuo Zhuo Ma Ren Qingnima Suo Langwangdui Yang Zong Haikun WEN | 2023 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2023，40，2： | 0 |
| 10 | NUIST ESM v3 Data Submission to CMIP6显示文摘This paper introduces the experimental designs and outputs of the Diagnostic,Evaluation and Characterization of Klima(DECK),historical,Scenario Model Intercomparison Project(MIP),and Paleoclimate MIP(PMIP)experiments from the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Earth System Model version 3(NESM3).Results show that NESM3 reasonably simulates the modern climate and the major internal modes of climate variability.In the Scenario MIP experiment,changes in the projected surface air temperature(SAT)show robust“Northern Hemisphere(NH)warmer than Southern Hemisphere(SH)”and“land warmer than ocean”patterns,as well as an El Niño-like warming over the tropical Pacific.Changes in the projected precipitation exhibit“NH wetter than SH”and“eastern hemisphere gets wetter and western hemisphere gets drier”patterns over the tropics.These precipitation patterns are driven by circulation changes owing to the inhomogeneous warming patterns.Two PMIP experiments show enlarged seasonal cycles of SAT and precipitation over the NH due to the seasonal redistribution of solar radiation.Changes in the climatological mean SAT,precipitation,and ENSO amplitudes are consistent with the results from PMIP4 models.The NESM3 outputs are available on the Earth System Grid Federation nodes for data users. | Jian CAO Libin MA Fei LIU Jing CHAI Haikun ZHAO Qiong HE Bo WANG Yan BAO Juan LI Young-min YANG Hua DENG Bin WANG | 2021 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2021，38，2： | 0 |
| 11 | An update on the influence of natural climate variability and anthropogenic climate change on tropical cyclones显示文摘A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones(IWTC-9)in 2018,improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones(TCs)and associated hazards and risks.These studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate change.New modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings,including greenhouse gases and aerosols,on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time scales.However,there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty in simulating historical TC decadal variability in the Atlantic,and the limitations of observed TC records.The projected future change in the global number of TCs has become more uncertain since IWTC-9 due to projected increases in TC frequency by a few climate models.A new paradigm,TC seeds,has been proposed,and there is currently a debate on whether seeds can help explain the physical mechanism behind the projected changes in global TC frequency.New studies also highlighted the importance of large-scale environmental fields on TC activity,such as snow cover and air-sea interactions.Future projections on TC translation speed and medicanes are new additional focus topics in our report.Recommendations and future research are proposed relevant to the remaining scientific questions and assisting policymakers. | Suzana J.Camargo Hiroyuki Murakami Nadia Bloemendaal Savin S.Chand Medha S.Deshpande Christian Dominguez-Sarmiento Juan Jesús Gonz´alez-Alem´an Thomas R.Knutson I.-I.Lin Il-Ju Moon Christina M.Patricola Kevin A.Reed Malcolm J.Roberts Enrico Scoccimarro Chi Yung(Francis)Tam Elizabeth J.Wallace Liguang Wu Yohei Yamada Wei Zhang Haikun Zhao | 2023 | Tropical Cyclone Research and Review2023，12，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Azimuthal Variations of the Convective-scale Structure in a Simulated Tropical Cyclone Principal Rainband显示文摘Previous numerical simulations have focused mainly on the mesoscale structure of the principal rainband in tropical cyclones with a relatively coarse model resolution.In this study,the principal rainband was simulated in a semi-idealized experiment at a horizontal grid spacing of 1/9 km and its convective-scale structure was examined by comparing the convective elements of the simulated principal rainband with previous observational studies.It is found that the convective scale structure of the simulated principal rainband is well comparable to the observation.The azimuthal variations of the convective scale structure were examined by dividing the simulated principal rainband into the upwind,middle and downwind portions.Some new features are found in the simulated principal rainband.First,the overturning updraft contains small-scale rolls aligned along the inward side of the outward-leaning reflectivity tower in the middle portion.Second,the inner-edge downdraft is combined with a branch of inflow from the upper levels in middle and downwind portions,carrying upper-level dry air to the region between the overturning updrafts and eyewall,and the intrusion of the upper-level dry air further limits the altitude of the overturning updrafts in the middle and downwind portions of the principal rainband.Third,from the middle to downwind portions,the strength of the secondary horizontal wind maximum is gradually replaced by a low-level maximum of the tangential wind collocated with the low-level downdraft. | Yue JIANG Liguang WU Haikun ZHAO Xingyang ZHOU Qingyuan LIU | 2020 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2020，37，11： | 0 |
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