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| 1 | Initial scalar lithospheric magnetic anomaly map of China and surrounding regions derived from CSES satellite data显示文摘The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),China’s first satellite to measure geophysical fields with scientific goals in both space and solid earth physics,was launched successfully in February 2018.It carries high-precision magnetometers to measure the geomagnetic field.In this study,the CSES magnetic data were used to extract the signal of the lithospheric magnetic field caused by magnetized rocks in the crust and uppermost mantle.First,an along-track analysis of the CSES magnetic data was undertaken near the Bangui magnetic anomaly in central Africa and the Tarim magnetic anomaly in China,demonstrating that the CSES magnetic data are indeed sensitive to the lithospheric magnetic anomaly field.Then a lithospheric magnetic anomaly map over China and surrounding regions was derived.This map is consistent with the lithospheric part of the CHAOS-7 model.In particular,it clearly reveals four major magnetic anomalies containing long-wavelength signals at the altitude of lowearth-orbiting satellites.Three magnetic highs are located over the Tarim,Sichuan and Songliao basin,the origins of which could be related to large-scale tectonic-magmatic activities during geological history.A prominent magnetic low is otherwise found in the southern Himalayan-Tibetan plateau,possibly caused by the shallow Curie depth in this region.To further improve the precision of the lithospheric magnetic field model,more detailed data processing and multi-source data merging are needed. | WANG Jie SHEN XuHui YANG YanYan ZEREN ZhiMa HULOT Gauthier OLSEN Nils ZHOU Bin MAGNES Werner DE SANTIS Angelo HUANG JianPing GUO Feng LIU WenLong YU JingBo | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，5： | 4 |
| 2 | A lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling model for ELF electromagnetic waves radiated from seismic sources and its possibility observed by the CSES显示文摘Over the last century, abnormal electromagnetic(EM) emissions associated with earthquake(EQ) activities have been widely reported and recorded by ground-based and satellite observations. The mechanism of extremely low-frequency(ELF) EM waves radiated from earthquakes has been gradually established. However, whether EM waves radiated from earthquakes can be detected by low Earth orbit(LEO) satellites remains controversial. In this paper, to address these concerns, a lithosphereatmosphere-ionosphere model of ELF wave propagation is constructed. The features of the simulated EM field at LEO satellite altitudes radiated from earthquakes have been studied. The simulated EM field at the altitude of the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES) is compared with the sensitivity of electromagnetic(EM) sensors onboard the CSES. The results illustrate that an earthquake with a magnitude over 6.0 can be detected by the EM sensors of the CSES. However, this depends on the focal depth, seismogenic environment and ionospheric parameters. | ZHAO ShuFan SHEN XuHui LIAO Li ZEREN ZhiMa | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，11： | 4 |
| 3 | Cross-calibration on the electromagnetic field detection payloads of the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite显示文摘The China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES)deploys three payloads to detect the electromagnetic environment in the ionosphere.The tri-axial fluxgate magnetometers(FGM),as part of the high precision magnetometer(HPM),measures the Earth magnetic vector field in a frequency range from direct current(DC)to 15 Hz.The tri-axial search coil magnetometer(SCM)detects the alternating current(AC)related magnetic field in a frequency range from several Hz to 20 k Hz,and the electric field detector(EFD)measures the spatial electric field in a broad frequency band from DC to 3.5 MHz.This work mainly crosscalibrates the consistency of these three payloads in their overlapped detection frequency range and firstly evaluates CSES’s timing system and the sampling time differences between EFD and SCM.A sampling time synchronization method for EFD and SCM waveform data is put forward.The consistency between FGM and SCM in the ultra-low-frequency(ULF)range is validated by using the magnetic torque(MT)signal as a reference.A natural quasiperiodic electromagnetic wave event verifies SCM and EFD’s consistency in extremely low-frequency and very low-frequency(ELF/VLF)bands.This cross-calibration work is helpful to upgrade the data quality of CSES and brings valuable insights to similar electromagnetic detection solutions by low earth orbit satellites. | ZHIMA Zeren ZHOU Bin ZHAO ShuFan WANG Qiao HUANG JianPing ZENG Li LEI JunGang CHEN Yu LI Cheng YANG DeHe SUN XiaoYing MIAO YuanQing ZHU XingHong SHEN XuHui | 2022 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2022，65，6： | 3 |
| 4 | Ionospheric TEC and plasma anomalies possibly associated with the 14 July 2019 M_(w) 7.2 Indonesia Laiwui earthquake,from analysis of GPS and CSES data显示文摘This study presents signatures of seismo-ionospheric perturbations possibly related to the 14 July 2019 M_(w)7.2 Laiwui earthquake,detected by a cross-validation analysis of total electron content(TEC)data of the global ionospheric map(GIM)from GPS and plasma parameter data recorded by the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES).After separating pre-seismic ionospheric phenomena from the ionospheric disturbances due to the magnetospheric and solar activities,we have identified three positive temporal anomalies,around the epicenter,at 1 day,3 days and 8 days before the earthquake(14 July 2019),along with a negative anomaly 6 days after the earthquake.These results agree well with the TEC spatial variations in latitude-longitude-time(LLT)maps.To confirm these anomalies further,we employed the moving mean method(MMM)to analyze ionospheric plasma parameters(electron,O^(+) and He^(+) densities)recorded by the Langmuir probe(LAP)and Plasma Analyzer Package(PAP)onboard the CSES.The analysis detected on,on Day Two,Day Four,and Day Seven before the earthquake,remarkable enhancements along the orbits around when in proximity to the epicenter.To make the investigations still more convincing,we compared the orbits on which anomalous readings were recorded to their corresponding four nearest revisiting orbits;the comparison did indeed indicate the existence of plasma parameter anomalies that appear to be associated with the Laiwui earthquake.All these results ilustrate that the unusual ionospheric perturbations detected through GPS and CSES data are possibly associated with the M_(w)7.2 Laiwui earthquake,which suggests that at least some earthquakes may be predicted by alertness to pre-seismic ionospheric anomalies over regions known to be at seismic risk.This case study also contributes additional information of value to our understanding of lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling. | YuanZheng Wen Dan Tao GuangXue Wang JiaYi Zong JinBin Cao Roberto Battiston ZhiMa ZeRen XuHui Shen | 2022 | Earth and Planetary Physics2022，6，4： | 3 |
| 5 | 电磁监测试验卫星及其初步成果显示文摘As the first satellite of the China national geophysical field observation series of stllite missions,the China Seismo--Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES)was designed upon an optimized CAST2000 platform for a sun synchronous orbit.Onboard CSES,there are total eight types of scientific payloads including the Search-coil Magnetometer,Electric Field Detector,High Precision Magnetometer,GNSS Occupation Receiver,Plasma Analyzer,Langmuir Probe,Energetic Particle Detector Package,and a Three-band Transmitter to individually acquire the global eletromagnetic field,elec-tromagnetic waves,ionospheric plasma parameters as well as energetic particles.Up to now,CSES has been operating normally in orbit for 2 years.By using the various sensor data acquired by CSES,we have achieved scientfic research in the areas of the global geomagnetic field modeling,space weather,earthquake event analysis,the Lithosphere-Atmo-sphere-lonosphere coupling mechanism and so on.. | SHEN Xuhui ZEREN Zhima YUAN Shigeng DAI Jianping HUANG Jianping ZHU Xinghong YANG Yanyan YAN Rui ZHAO Shufan LIU Dapeng ZHANG Zhenxia WANG Qiao CHU Wei LU Hengxin XU Song GUO Feng TAN Qiao LI Wenjing ZHOU Na | 2020 | Aerospace China2020，21，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Phenomena of electrostatic perturbations before strong earthquakes (2005-2010) observed on DEMETER显示文摘 | Zhang X Shen X Parrot M Zeren Z Ouyang X Liu J Qian J Zhao S and Miao Y | 2012 | Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci2012，12，1： | 1 |
| 7 | ULF/ELF ionospheric electric field and plasma perturbations related to Chile earthquakes显示文摘 | Zhang X Zeren Z Parrot M Battiston R Qian J and Shen X | 2011 | Advances in Space Research2011，47，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Analysis and elimination of tri-band beacon interference with the fluxgate sensors onboard CSES显示文摘High precision magnetometer(HPM)is a magnetic field detection payload onboard China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),including two fluxgate magnetometers(FGM)and a coupled dark state magnetometer(CDSM).Observations show that FGM appears to be influenced when tri-band beacon(TBB)is powered on and emits electromagnetic waves.The interference phenomenon is further validated based on both in-orbit observation analysis and electromagnetic compatibility(EMC)tests on the ground.A joint correction algorithm based on the least square fitting and first-order difference method according to scalar magnetometer data is proposed to eliminate the interference.The algorithm significantly improves the consistency of HPM data.After correction,the average scalar deviation error could be reduced from 9.0 nT to around 0.7 nT. | TONG YuQi CHENG BingJun MIAO YuanQing ZHOU Bin ZHU XingHong YANG YanYan LIU Ji GOU XiaoChen ZHANG YiTeng WANG JinDong LI Lei MAGNES Werner LAMMEGGER Roland POLLINGER Andreas ZEREN Zhima SHEN XuHui | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Stability validation on the VLF waveform data of the China-Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite显示文摘The China-Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite(CSES),which was launched in February 2018,carries the search coil magnetometer(SCM)and the electric field detector(EFD)to realize the high-resolution electromagnetic field and wave detection in the upper ionosphere.Due to the complexity and variability of the ionospheric environment,the stability of such a high sampling rate and high-precision electromagnetic field detection systems is always an essential link in data processing and the scientific application of CSES.This work evaluates the stability of the very-low-frequency(VLF)band detection by validating the systemic sampling-time differences between SCM and EFD in the VLF burst-mode observations.The optimal waveform data preprocessing method is put forward according to the noise levels of the VLF burst-mode observation and the inherent design characteristics of EFD.The VLF waveform data of EFD is rebuilt by filling the data gaps among the sampling sub-periods,making it with a similar sample length to SCM.Then by precisely intercepting the maximum and minimum values of the burst-mode waveforms,the variation of the sampling-time difference between EFD and SCM is statistically evaluated.Results show that during the three years'operation,the sampling-time difference between EFD and SCM predominately keeps below 0.5 s,indicating good stability of EFD and SCM on orbit.Then we developed an automatic synchronization tool based on the similarity function and STA/LTA(short time average over long time average)characteristic function.This tool can effectively realize the precise synchronization between SCM and EFD in the VLF burst-mode observation.This work is helpful to upgrade the data quality of CSES and provides technical support for electromagnetic wave propagation studies. | YANG DeHe ZHIMA ZeRen WANG Qiao HUANG JianPing WANG XiuYing ZHANG ZhenXia ZHAO ShuFan GUO Feng CHENG WanLi LU HengXin SHEN XuHui | 2022 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2022，65，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Current Status and Main Scientific Results of In-flight CSES Mission显示文摘The CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)is the electromagnetism satellite of China’s Zhangheng mission which is planned to launch a series of microsatellites within next 10 years in order to monitor the electromagnetic environment,gravitational field.The CSES 01 probe(also called ZH-1)was launched successfully on 2 February 2018,from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre(China)and is expected to operate for 5 years in orbit.The second probe CSES 02 is going to be launched in 2022.The scientific objectives of CSES are to detect the electromagnetic field and waves,plasma and particles,for studying the seismic-associated disturbances.To meet the requirements of scientific objective,the satellite is designed to be in a sun-synchronous orbit with a high inclination of 97.4°at an altitude around 507 km.CSES carries nine scientific payloads including Search-coil magnetometer,Electric Field Detector,High precision Magnetometer,GNSS occultation Receiver,Plasma Analyzer,Langmuir Probe,two Energetic Particle Detectors(including an Italian one),and Tri-Band Transmitter.Up to now,CSES has been operating in orbit for 2 years with stable and reliable performance.By using all kinds of data acquired by CSES,we have undertaken a series of scientific researches in the field of global geomagnetic field re-building,the ionospheric variation environment,waves,and particle precipitations under disturbed space weather and earthquake activities,the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling mechanism research and so on. | SHEN Xuhui ZEREN Zhima HUANG Jianping YANG Yanyan ZHAO Shufan YAN Rui ZHANG Zhenxia LIU Dapeng WANG Qiao CHU Wei LU Hengxin XU Song GUO Feng TAN Qiao LI Wenjing ZHOU Na SONG Fuxi | 2020 | 空间科学学报2020，40，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Disturbance identification of electric field data observed by the CSES-01 satellite before earthquakes显示文摘Numerous studies have confirmed that electromagnetic disturbances before earthquakes can be observed by satellites.In this study,we use the C-value method that includes the acoustic whistle signature;pre-seismic ionospheric electromagnetic disturbance signals were acquired based on the CSES-01 satellite electric field data,and the maximum value of C in the earthquake preparation zones increased continuously from 2.0 three days before the earthquake and reached a maximum weight of 3.0 on the day of the earthquake,after the earthquake,it gradually decreased and recovered to about 2.0;its the C values fluctuated between-2 and 3,it is different from the C values range-2–12 of the previous seismic case study using the DEMETER satellite,which may be related to the orbital altitude and revisit period of the satellite.Then,the C values were normalized,and the time series analysis of the obtained θ values were done,and the results showed that:In the pregnant zone,the background variation of the disturbance amplitude θ is within 2σ,and the maximum disturbance amplitude of θ starts to increase gradually from the seventh period(one period of 5 days,i.e.,35–39 days before the earthquake),it reached 2σ by the fourth preseismic cycle(20–24 days before the earthquake),and then dropped sharply to about 1.5σ in the third pre-seismic cycle(15–19days before the earthquake),after two cycles of increase,the θ over the epicenter reached a maximum of 2.1σ at the time of the earthquake(combining the time of the earthquake and the satellite flight characteristics,the epicenter period is defined as January25-January 29,2020,and this defines the study time period line),and the θ decreases to within 2 times the standard range after the earthquake;The negative value of the disturbance amplitude θ in the central region of the pregnant seismic zone during the earthquake shows the transient energy release process.Through comparison,the θ values obtained by normalization based on the C-value method takes into account the variation of the background field,and the result can better reflect the energy change of the ionospheric field before the earthquakes. | Jianping HUANG Fuzhi ZHANG Zhong LI Xuhui SHEN Baiyi YANG Wenjing LI Zhima ZEREN Hengxin LU Qiao TAN | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，8： | 0 |
| 12 | Pilomatrixoma causing irreversible peripheral eyebrow shedding:A case report显示文摘Pilomatrixomas are benign tumors derived from hair stromal cells;however,their exact etiology is unknown.A 31-year-old woman presented with a subcutaneous mass located precisely above the left eyebrow,with shedding of eyebrow hair around the mass,and the shedding area gradually expanded.Surgical removal of the mass failed to prevent eyebrow loss,and the entire left eyebrow shed 6 months postoperatively.Pathology and histology of the biopsy specimen revealed a pilomatrixoma comprising basaloid cells and ghost cells,with basaloid cells expressing high bcl-2 levels.Instead of apoptosis,the emergence and growth of pilomatrixoma-induced microinflammation around the hair follicles of the eyebrow may lead to eyebrow loss. | Zeren Shen Fei Cheng Yanqin Dai Yijia Yu Lulu Ye Jinghong Xu | 2023 | Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2023，5，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Exosomes released by melanocytes modulate fibroblasts to promote keloid formation: a pilot study显示文摘Keloids are a common type of pathological scar as a result of skin healing,which are extremely difficult to prevent and treat without recurrence.The pathological mechanism of keloids is the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts,which synthesize more extracellular matrices(ECMs),including type I/III collagen(COL-1/3),mucopolysaccharides,connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),also known as cellular communication network factor 2(CCN2),and fibronectin(FN)in scar tissue,mostly through the abnormal activation of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smads pathway(Finnson et al.,2013;Song et al.,2018). | Zeren SHEN Jinjin SHAO Jiaqi SUN Jinghong XU | 2022 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2022，23，8： | 0 |
| 14 | Current Status and Main Scientific Outcomes of the CSES Mission显示文摘This report briefly introduces the current status of the CSES(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite)mission which includes the first satellite CSES 01 in-orbit(launched in February 2018),and the second satellite CSES 02(will be launched in 2023)under development.The CSES 01 has been steadily operating in orbit for over four years,providing abundant global geophysical field data,including the background geomagnetic field,the electromagnetic field and wave,the plasma(in-situ and profile data),and the energetic particles in the ionosphere.The CSES 01 platform and the scientific instruments generally perform well.The data validation and calibration are vital for CSES 01,for it aims to monitor earthquakes by extracting the very weak seismic precursors from a relatively disturbing space electromagnetic environment.For this purpose,we are paying specific efforts to validate data quality comprehensively.From the CSES 01 observations,we have obtained many scientific results on the ionosphere electromagnetic environment,the seismo-ionospheric disturbance phenomena,the space weather process,and the Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling mechanism. | ZEREN Zhima HUANG Jianping LIU Dapeng YANG Yanyan YAN Rui ZHAO Shufan ZHANG Zhenxia LIN Jian CUI Jing CHU Wei WANG Qiao LU Hengxin XU Song GUO Feng YANG Dehe ZHOU Na LIU Qinqin HUANG He WANG Jie TAN Qiao LI Wenjing LÜFangxian ZHU Keying SHEN Xuhui | 2022 | 空间科学学报2022，42，4： | 0 |
| 15 | Detecting seismic electromagnetic ELF anomalies associated with the 2010 Yushu earthquake in China by DEMETER observations and ELF Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere coupling propagating model显示文摘Over the last century,abnormal electromagnetic(EM)emissions associated with earthquake(EQ)activities have been widely reported and recorded by ground-based and satellite observations.However,the frequency at which abnormal EM emissions have been detected varies.In addition,whether low Earth orbit(LEO)satellites can detect EM anomalies from EQs remains controversial.In this paper,we take the Yushu earthquake as an example to address these concerns by DEMETER satellite observations and a newly constructed lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere model of extremely low frequency(ELF)wave propagation.The results illustrate that the frequency of ELF EM anomalies of the Yushu earthquake is mainly at 200–400 Hz.The observations and simulations illustrate that the power-frequency curve of the ELF EM wave from an underground source has a peak power frequency at 200–400 Hz,which is significantly different from the ELF EM wave radiated from the ground source. | LIAO Li ZHAO ShuFan SHEN XuHui ZEREN ZhiMa PENG HuaiYun LU HengXin | 2023 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2023，66，4： | 0 |
| 16 | Analysis of the expression profile of miRNAs related to skin photoaging in the GEO database显示文摘Background:Skin aging has recently gained significant attention in both society and skin care research.Understanding the biological processes of photoaging caused by long-term skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation is critical for preventing and treating skin aging.Therefore,it is important to identify genes related to skin photoaging and shed light on their functions.Methods:We used data from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database and conducted bioinformatics analyses to screen and extract microRNAs(miRNAs)and their downstream target genes related to skin photoaging,and to determine possible biological mechanisms of skin photoaging.Results:A total of 34 differentially expressed miRNAs and their downstream target genes potentially related to the biological process of skin photoaging were identified.Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that these target genes were enriched in pathways related to human papillomavirus infection,extracellular matrix(ECM)-receptor signaling,estrogen receptor,skin development,epidermal development,epidermal cell differentiation,keratinocyte differentiation,structural components of the ECM,structural components of the skin epidermis,and others.Conclusion:Based on the GEO database-derived findings,we determined that target genes of two miRNAs,namely miR-4667-5P-KRT79 and miR-139-5P-FOS,play an important role in skin photoaging.These observations could provide theoretical support and guidance for further research on skin aging-related biological processes. | KaHo LUI Haibo Zhao Jiaqi Sun Zeren Shen Jinghong Xu | 2023 | Chinese Journal Of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2023，5，2： | 0 |
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