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| 1 | Coordinated optimal dispatch and market equilibrium of integrated electric power and natural gas networks with P2G embedded显示文摘As power to gas(P2 G) technology gradually matures, the coupling between electricity networks and natural gas networks should ideally evolve synergistically.With the intent of characterizing market behaviors of integrated electric power and natural gas networks(IPGNs)with P2 G facilities, this paper establishes a steady-state model of P2 G and constructs optimal dispatch models of an electricity network and a natural gas network separately. In addition, a concept of slack energy flow(SEF) is proposed as a tool for coordinated optimal dispatch between the two networks. To study how the market pricing mechanism affects coordinated optimal dispatch in an IPGN, a market equilibrium-solving model for an IPGN is constructed according to game theory, with a solution based on the Nikaido-Isoda function. Case studies are conducted on a joint model that combines the modified IEEE 118-node electricity network and the Belgian 20-node gas network.The results show that if the game between an electric power company and a natural gas company reaches market equilibrium, not only can both companies maximize their profits, but also the coordinated operation of the coupling units, i.e., gas turbines and P2 G facilities, will contribute more to renewable energy utilization and carbon emission reduction. | Zexing CHEN Yongjun ZHANG Tianyao JI Zexiang CAI Licheng LI Zhiheng XU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 37 |
| 2 | A comprehensive review of Energy Internet: basic concept,operation and planning methods, and research prospects显示文摘With the intensifying energy crisis and environmental pollution, the Energy Internet and corresponding patterns of energy use have been attracting more and more attention. In this paper, the basic concept and characteristics of the Energy Internet are summarized, and its basic structural framework is analyzed in detail. On this basis,couplings between the electric power system and other systems such as the cooling and heating system, the natural gas system, and the traffic system are analyzed, and the operation and planning of integrated energy systems in both deterministic and uncertain environments are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the research prospects and main technical challenges of the Energy Internet are discussed. | Yijia CAO Qiang LI Yi TAN Yong LI Yuanyang CHEN Xia SHAO Yao ZOU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 25 |
| 3 | Heat and power load dispatching considering energy storage of district heating system and electric boilers显示文摘As one of promising clean and low-emission energy, wind power is being rapidly developed in China.However, it faces serious problem of wind curtailment,particularly in northeast China, where combined heat and power(CHP) units cover a large proportion of the district heat supply. Due to the inherent strong coupling between the power and the heat load, the operational flexibility of CHP units is severely restricted in winter to meet the heat supply demand, which imparts considerable stress on the wind power connection to the grid. To promote the integration of wind power and enhance the flexibility of CHP units, this paper presented a method of heat and power load dispatching by exploring the energy storage ability of electric heating boilers and district heating systems. The optimization results indicate that the proposed method can integrate additional wind power into the grid and reduce the coal consumption of CHP units over the optimized period. Furthermore, the thermal inertia of a district heating system is found to contribute more to the reduction of coal consumption, whereas the electric heating boilers contribute to lower wind curtailment. | Xianzheng HUANG Zhaofeng XU Yong SUN Yali XUE Zhe WANG Zhijun LIU Zhenyuan LI Weidou NI | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，5： | 20 |
| 4 | Numerical and Experimental Modelling of Gas Flow and Heat Transfer in the Air Gap of an Electric Machine显示文摘This work deals with the cooling of high-speed electric machines, such as motors and generators, through an air gap. It consists of numerical and experimental modeling of gas flow and heat transfer in an annular channel. Velocity and temperature profiles are modeled in the air gap of a high-speed test machine. Friction and heat transfer coefficients are presented in a large velocity range. The goals are reached acceptably using numerical and experimental research. The velocity field by the numerical method does not match in every respect the estimated flow mode. The absence of secondary Taylor vortices is evident when using time averaged numerical simulation. | Maunu KUOSA Petri SALLINEN Jaakko LARJOLA | 2004 | Journal of Thermal Science2004，13，3： | 16 |
| 5 | Artificially triggered lightning and its characteristic discharge parameters in two severe thunderstorms显示文摘The lightning-induced-damages in the mid-latitude regions are usually caused during severe thunder-storms. But the discharge parameters of natural lightning are difficult to be measured. Five lightning flashes have been artificially triggered with the rocket-wire technique during the passage of two severe thunderstorms. The discharge current and close electric field of return stroke in artificially triggered lightning have been obtained in microsecond time resolution by using current measuring systems and electric field change sensors. The results show that the five triggered lightning flashes include 1 to 10 return strokes, and the average return stroke current is 11.9 kA with a maximum of 21.0 kA and a mini-mum of 6.6 kA, similar to the subsequent return strokes in natural lightning. The half peak width of the current waveform is 39 μs, which is much larger than the usual result. The peak current of stroke Ip (kA) and the neutralized charge Q(C) has a relationship of Ip = 18.5Q0.65. The radiation field of return stroke is 5.9 kV·m-1 and 0.39 kV·m-1 at 60 m and 550 m, respectively. The radiation field decreases as r -1.119 with increase of horizontal distance r from the discharge channel. Based on the well-accepted transmission line model, the speed of return stroke is estimated to be about 1.4×108 m·s-1, with a variation range of (1.1―1.6)×108 m·s-1. Because of the similarities of the triggered lightning and natural lightning, the results in this article can be used in the protection design of natural lightning. | QIE XiuShu ZHANG QiLin ZHOU YunJun FENG GuiLi ZHANG TingLong YANG Jing KONG XiangZhen XIAO QingFu WU ShuJun | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，8： | 16 |
| 6 | A laboratory test of the electrification phenomenon in wind-blown sand flux显示文摘The measured data in the wind-tunnel tests show that the wind-blown sand particles acquired a negative charge when their diameters are smaller than 250 μm and positive charge when their diameters are larger than 500 μm, which confirms Latham’s assumption that the large particles in wind-blown sand flux acquired positive charge while negative charge developed on small ones. In the meanwhile, the measured data also show that the average charge-to-mass ratio for wind-blown sand particles decreases with the increase of the particle diameter and the wind velocity, and increases with the rise of height. The electric field in wind-blown sand flux is mainly formed by the moving charged sand particles. Its direction is vertical to the Earth’s surface and upward, which is opposite to that of the fair-weather field. The electric field increases with wind velocity and height increasing. These experimental results will lay the foundation for developing the theoretical analysis of the electrification phenomenon in | Ning Huang Xiaojing Zheng | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，5： | 16 |
| 7 | Effect of electrically stimulating acupoint, Zusanli(ST 36), on patient’s recovery after laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection: a randomized controlled trial显示文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in laparoscopic colorectal cancer resection and its clinical significance.METHODS:Sixty-four patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection were randomly divided into two groups,the control group (group A) and the TEAS group (group B).Patients in the TEAS group received electroacupuncture stimulation of bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) at 30 min before anesthesia to the end of surgery.The patients in the control group were not given the stimulation.Perioperative anesthesia management of the two groups were performed according to the ERAS guidelines,and postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) was used.The amount of remifentanil used in the two groups was observed and recorded,and the visual analogue scale (VAS) of the 4,12,24 and 48 h after surgery in the two groups was recorded.Moreover,postoperative anal exhaust time,postoperative feeding time,postoperative first ambulation time and postoperative hospital stay length were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:Compared with group A,the VAS score of group B decreased significantly at 48 h after operation (P < 0.05).The postoperative anal exhaust time in group B was significantly shorter than that of group A (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups with regards to remifentanil consumption,postoperative feeding time,postoperative first ambulation time and postoperative hospital stay (all P > 0.05).CONCLUSION:TEAS can promote the recovery of postoperative gastrointestinal function and reduce the pain intensity 48 h after surgery,thus satisfying the need of early postoperative analgesia. | Huang Wei Yu Tingyu Long Wenfei Xiao Jianbin Zhao Gaofeng | 2019 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2019，39，3： | 14 |
| 8 | 多电飞机及其技术发展分析显示文摘1多电飞机的概念
飞机主发动机除了完成提供飞行所需的动力这一主要功能之外,还为飞机上四种次级功率系统,即液压、气动、电气和机械系统提供原动力。全电飞机(AEA,all electric aircraft)是一种以电气系统取代液压、气动和机械系统的飞机,即所有的次级功率均以电的形式传输、分配。进入20世纪90年代后,全电飞机在提高燃油利用效率、增加飞机可靠性和可维修性等方面的优势得到了认可,但当时没有现成的系统或技术可以解决更换二次能源系统时所遇到的技术难题。 | 朱新宇 | 2007 | 民用飞机设计与研究2007，，4： | 13 |
| 9 | Three-dimensional analytical solution for a transversely isotropic functionally graded piezoelectric circular plate subject to a uniform electric potential difference显示文摘This paper studies the problem of a functionally graded piezoelectric circular plate subjected to a uniform electric potential difference between the upper and lower surfaces. By assuming the generalized displacements in appropriate forms,five differential equations governing the generalized displacement functions are derived from the equilibrium equations. These displacement functions are then obtained in an explicit form,which still involve four undetermined integral constants,through a step-by-step integration which properly incorporates the boundary conditions at the upper and lower surfaces. The boundary conditions at the cylindrical surface are then used to determine the integral constants. Hence,three-dimen sional analytical solutions for electrically loaded functionally graded piezoelectric circular plates with free or simply-supported edge are completely determined. These solutions can account for an arbitrary material variation along the thickness,and thus can be readily degenerated into those for a homogenous plate. A numerical example is finally given to show the validity of the analysis,and the effect of material inhomogeneity on the elastic and electric fields is discussed. | LI XiangYu DING HaoJiang CHEN WeiQiu | 2008 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2008，51，8： | 13 |
| 10 | Preliminary inquiry into the causes of anomaly increase of air temperature by an impending earthquake显示文摘Preliminaryinquiryintothecausesofanomalyincreaseofairtemperaturebyanimpending earthquakeXiu-Deng;Xiang-MinXU;Sheng-DengMAandG... | 徐秀登 徐向民 马升灯 骆高远 | 1995 | Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)1995，8，1： | 13 |
| 11 | Design scheme for fast charging station for electric vehicles with distributed photovoltaic power generation显示文摘The demand for fast charging is increasing owing to the rapid expansion of the market for electric vehicles. In addition, the power generation technology for distributed photovoltaic has matured. This paper presents a design scheme for a fast charging station for electric vehicles equipped with distributed photovoltaic power generation system taking the area with certain conditions in Beijing as an example construction site. The technical indexes and equipment lectotype covering the general framework and subsystems of the charging station are determined by analyzing the charging service demand of fast charging stations. In this study, the layout of the station is developed and the operation benefits of the station is analyzed. The design scheme realizes the design objective of 'rationalization, modularization and intelligentization' of the fast charging station and can be used as reference for the construction of a fast charging network in urban area. | Jing Zhang Chang Liu Ruiming Yuan Taoyong Li Kang Li Bin Li Jianxiang Li Zhenyu Jiang | 2019 | Global Energy Interconnection2019，2，2： | 12 |
| 12 | A fast and efficient coordinated vehicle-to-grid discharging control scheme for peak shaving in power distribution system显示文摘This study focuses on the potential role of plugin electric vehicles(PEVs) as a distributed energy storage unit to provide peak demand minimization in power distribution systems. Vehicle-to-grid(V2 G) power and currently available information transfer technology enables utility companies to use this stored energy. The V2 G process is first formulated as an optimal control problem.Then, a two-stage V2 G discharging control scheme is proposed. In the first stage, a desired level for peak shaving and duration for V2 G service are determined off-line based on forecasted loading profile and PEV mobility model. In the second stage, the discharging rates of PEVs are dynamically adjusted in real time by considering the actual grid load and the characteristics of PEVs connected to the grid. The optimal and proposed V2 G algorithms are tested using a real residential distribution transformer and PEV mobility data collected from field with different battery and charger ratings for heuristic user case scenarios. The peak shaving performance is assessed in terms of peak shaving index and peak load reduction. Proposed solution is shown to be competitive with the optimal solution while avoiding high computational loads. The impact of the V2 G management strategy on the system loading at night is also analyzed by implementing an off-line charging scheduling algorithm. | Nuh ERDOGAN Fatih ERDEN Mithat KISACIKOGLU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 12 |
| 13 | Rule-based Fault Diagnosis of Hall Sensors and Fault-tolerant Control of PMSM显示文摘Hall sensor is widely used for estimating rotor phase of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). And rotor position is an essential parameter of PMSM control algorithm, hence it is very dangerous if Hall senor faults occur. But there is scarcely any research focusing on fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of Hall sensor used in PMSM. From this standpoint, the Hall sensor faults which may occur during the PMSM operating are theoretically analyzed. According to the analysis results, the fault diagnosis algorithm of Hall sensor, which is based on three rules, is proposed to classify the fault phenomena accurately. The rotor phase estimation algorithms, based on one or two Hall sensor(s), are initialized to engender the fault-tolerant control algorithm. The fault diagnosis algorithm can detect 60 Hall fault phenomena in total as well as all detections can be fulfilled in 1/138 rotor rotation period. The fault-tolerant control algorithm can achieve a smooth torque production which means the same control effect as normal control mode (with three Hall sensors). Finally, the PMSM bench test verifies the accuracy and rapidity of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategies. The fault diagnosis algorithm can detect all Hall sensor faults promptly and fault-tolerant control algorithm allows the PMSM to face failure conditions of one or two Hall sensor(s). In addition, the transitions between health-control and fault-tolerant control conditions are smooth without any additional noise and harshness. Proposed algorithms can deal with the Hall sensor faults of PMSM in real applications, and can be provided to realize the fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of PMSM. | SONG Ziyou LI Jianqiu OUYANG Minggao GU Jing FENG Xuning LU Dongbin | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2013，26，4： | 12 |
| 14 | Online Learning Control for Hybrid Electric Vehicle显示文摘Improvements in hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) fuel economy and emissions heavily depend on an efficient energy management strategy (EMS).However,the uncertainty of future driving conditions generally cannot be easily tackled in EMS design.Most existing EMSs act upon fixed parameters and cannot adapt to varying driving conditions.Therefore,they usually fail to fully explore the potential of these advanced vehicles.In this paper,a novel EMS design procedure based on neural dynamic programming (NDP) is proposed.The NDP is a generic online learning algorithm,which combines stochastic dynamic programming (SDP) and the temporal difference (TD) method.Instead of computing the utility function and optimal control actions through Bellman equations,the NDP algorithm uses two neural networks to approximate them.The weights of these neural networks are updated online by the TD method.It avoids the high computational cost that SDP suffers from and is suitable for real-time implementation.The main advantages of NDP EMS is that it does not rely on prior information related to future driving conditions,and can self-tune with a wide variance in operating conditions.The NDP EMS has been applied to 'Qianghua-I',a prototype of a parallel HEV,using a revolving drum test bench for verification.Experiment results illustrate the potential of the proposed EMS in terms of fuel economy and in keeping state of charge (SOC) deviations at a low level.The proposed research ensures the optimality of NDP EMS,as well as real-time applicability. | LI Weimin XU Guoqing XU Yangsheng | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2012，25，1： | 12 |
| 15 | Unsupervised Electric Motor Fault Detection by Using Deep Autoencoders显示文摘Fault diagnosis of electric motors is a fundamental task for production line testing, and it is usually performed by experienced human operators. In the recent years, several methods have been proposed in the literature for detecting faults automatically. Deep neural networks have been successfully employed for this task, but, up to the authors' knowledge, they have never been used in an unsupervised scenario. This paper proposes an unsupervised method for diagnosing faults of electric motors by using a novelty detection approach based on deep autoencoders. In the proposed method, vibration signals are acquired by using accelerometers and processed to extract LogMel coefficients as features. Autoencoders are trained by using normal data only, i.e., data that do not contain faults. Three different autoencoders architectures have been evaluated: the multilayer perceptron(MLP) autoencoder, the convolutional neural network autoencoder, and the recurrent autoencoder composed of long short-term memory(LSTM) units. The experiments have been conducted by using a dataset created by the authors, and the proposed approaches have been compared to the one-class support vector machine(OC-SVM) algorithm. The performance has been evaluated in terms area under curve(AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the results showed that all the autoencoder-based approaches outperform the OCSVM algorithm. Moreover, the MLP autoencoder is the most performing architecture, achieving an AUC equal to 99.11 %. | Emanuele Principi Damiano Rossetti Stefano Squartini Francesco Piazza | 2019 | IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica2019，6，2： | 10 |
| 16 | 不同刺激频率与时间经穴经皮神经电刺激对电流感觉阈值的影响显示文摘目的分析不同频率与时间的经穴经皮神经电刺激对电流感觉阈值(CPT)的影响。方法通过测量颏孔区和手臂区的电流感觉阈值评价经穴经皮神经电刺激的效用。对30例健康志愿受试者的合谷穴分次给予不同刺激时间和刺激频率的经皮神经电刺激,并测量同侧颏孔区和手臂区的电流感觉阈值。结果颏孔区电流感觉阈值升高。低频电刺激对慢痛(5 Hz CPT)有明显抑制作用(P<0.05),高频电刺激对快痛(250 Hz CPT)和慢痛均有抑制作用(P<0.05)。经皮神经电刺激的刺激频率(β=0.363)比刺激时间(β=0.274)对疼痛的抑制作用的影响更明显。结论经穴经皮神经电刺激确实可以影响特定反应区的感觉阈值,且治疗频率的选择比单纯延长治疗时间更为重要。 | 李娜 吴双 吕国义 | 2014 | 天津医药2014，42，6： | 9 |
| 17 | 计及电动汽车充电调度可行域的电力系统机组最优组合显示文摘大量电动汽车无序充电会给电力系统的安全与经济运行带来严重负面影响,因此如何优化调度电动汽车充电就成为值得研究的重要问题。现有的电动汽车充电优化调度方面的研究工作未能很好地统筹考虑用户出行需要和充电能量需求,这是旨在研究的核心问题。首先,通过分析电动汽车用户的出行需要和充电能量需求,可得到电动汽车充电调度的可行域。之后,对传统的机组最优组合模型进行扩展,考虑电动汽车充电调度的可行域约束,形成兼顾电动汽车出行需要和充电能量需求的电力系统机组最优组合模型。最后,用一个包括10台发电机组的算例系统说明所提方法的可行性和有效性。仿真结果表明在不影响用户日常出行需求的情况下通过优化调度电动汽车充电过程可以实现削峰填谷,进而改善电力系统运行的经济性。 | 陈彬 王业磊 许昭 文福拴 | 2014 | 华北电力大学学报(自然科学版)2014，41，1： | 9 |
| 18 | Influence of silicon coating on the corrosion resistance of Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy显示文摘The electric arc spraying method was used to prepare the Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy coating with different content of silicon.The corrosion resisting property was measured by copper accelerated salt spray(CASS) and corrosion weightless test.The influence of silicon content on the corrosion resisting property was investigated by XRD,SEM,polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and the electrochemical property of coating in the corrosion process was analyzed.The results showed that the density of coating was improved significantly since the major nonequilibrium glass-like state phase was composed of silicon and other metals existed in the Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si alloy coating,which prevented the corrosive medium and retarded the corrosion velocity because of compact corrosion products in the corrosion embryo.The Zn-Al-Mg-RE-Si coating had better corrosion resistance than the Zn-Al-Mg-RE because of more positive potential,half corrosion current density and double electrochemical reaction resistance. | 刘奎仁 马鹏程 蒲年文 陈建设 韩庆 | 2010 | Journal of Rare Earths2010，28，S1： | 9 |
| 19 | Frequency control of future power systems: reviewing and evaluating challenges and new control methods显示文摘Integration of more renewable energy resources introduces a challenge in frequency control of future power systems.This paper reviews and evaluates the possible challenges and the new control methods of frequency in future power systems.Different types of loads and distributed energy resources(DERs) are reviewed.A model representation of a population of the water heater devices for the demand side frequency response is considered.A model representation of a population of battery energy storage system(BESS)-based DERs such as smart electric vehicles(EVs) charging, large-scale BESSs, and residential and non-residential BESSs, are highlighted.The simplified Great Britain power system and the 14-machine South-East Australian power system were used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the new methods in controlling power system frequency following a disturbance.These new methods are effective in recovering the fallen frequency response and present a great potential in controlling the frequency in future power systems. | Zeyad Assi OBAID Liana M.CIPCIGAN Lahieb ABRAHIM Mazin T.MUHSSIN | 2019 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2019，7，1： | 8 |
| 20 | La_2Ti_6O_(15)-CeTi_(21)O_(38)-PbTiO_3 ceramics formed in gaseous penetration of La-Ce into PbTiO_3 and their electric properties显示文摘The gaseous penetration of La-Ce into PbTiO3 ceramics is reported. The compounds of La2Ti6O15 and CeTi21O38 are formed and the new La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3 ceramics are pre-pared by the penetration of La and Ce in the gaseous state. The new ceramic materials have a significant change in electric properties. The room temperature resistivity decreases from 2.0?010 to 0.248 W m, and the grain resistance exhibits an obvious PTCR effect with the change of tem-perature. However, the grain boundary resistance decreases rapidly with increase in temperature. The change rule of the total resistance is similar to that of the grain boundary, and the PTCR effect disappears and the tendency of transition to a conductive body is manifest. The XPS analysis suggests that the particles that are Pb, Ti, La and Ce in La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3 ceramics all change their valence and lead to decreasing resistivity, and the bound energy peak values of ele-ments in La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3 ceramics are also reported. The La2Ti6O15-CeTi21O38-PbTiO3 ceramics have a better thermal stability in high temperatures through TG-DTA analysis. | 郝素娥 韦永德 刘新荣 | 2003 | Science China Chemistry2003，46，3： | 8 |
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