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| 1 | Analysis on the ecological benefits of the stream water conveyance to the dried-up river of the lower reaches of Tarim River,China显示文摘This paper analyzes the monitored data of the 4 times of stream water conveyances to the river section where the stream flow was cut-off, of 9 groundwater-monitoring sections and 18 vegetation plots in the lower reaches of Tarim River. The results show that the groundwater depth in the lower reaches of Tarim River rose from 9.87 m before the conveyances to 7.74 m and 3.79 m after the first and second conveyances, 3.61 and 3.16 m after the 2 phases of the third conveyance, and 2.66 m after the fourth conveyance. The transverse response scope of groundwater level was gradually enlarged along both sides of the channel of conveyances, i.e., from 450 m in width after the first conveyance to 1050 m after the fourth conveyance, but the response degree of groundwater level was reduced with the increase of the distance away from the channel of conveyances. The composition, distribution and growth status of the natural vegetation are directly related to the groundwater depth. The indexes of Simpson’s biodiversity, McIntosh’s evenness and Margalef’s richness, which reflect the change of the quantity of species and the degree of biodiversity, are reduced from 0.70, 0.48 and 0.90 to 0.26, 0.17 and 0.37 re- spectively along with the drawdown of groundwater level from the upper reaches to the lower reaches. After the stream water conveyances, the natural vegetation in the lower reaches is saved and restored along with the rise of groundwater level, the response scope of vegetation is gradually enlarged, i.e., from 200— 250 m in width after the first conveyance to 800 m after the fourth conveyance. However, there is still a great disparity to the objective of protecting the “Green Corridor”in the lower reaches of Tarim River. Thus, it is suggested to convey the stream water in double-channel way, combine the conveyance with water supply in surface scope, or construct the modern pipe-conveyance network systems so as to save the natural vegetation in an intensive way, achieve the efficient water consumption and speed up the restoration and re- generation of the damaged ecosystems in the lower reaches of Tarim River. | CHEN Yaning1,ZHANG Xiaolei1,ZHU Xiangmin2,LI Weihong1,ZHANG Yuanming1,XU Hailiang1,ZHANG Hongfeng1 & CHEN Yapeng1 1.Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,China 2.Management Beureau od Tarim River Basin,Kurle 831102,China Correspondence should be addressed to Chen Yaning(email: cheyn@ms.xjb.ac.cn) | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，11： | 58 |
| 2 | Response of the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica to the change of groundwater level at the lower reaches of Tarim River显示文摘The content of proline in the plant bodies is closely related to the converse-succession-resistant capability of the plants. In this paper, the relationship between the proline accumulation in the bodies of Populus euphratica and the change of groundwater level is analyzed by taking Popu-lus euphratica, the main community-building species of the desert riparian forests along the Tarim River, as the research object. The research results show that the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica is closely related to the change of groundwater level gradient under drought stress, it increases with the drawdown of groundwater level and the increase of moisture stress degree; the accumulation of proline in the bodies of Populus euphratica has two ex-tremely high points at the groundwater depth ranges of 3.64—5.14 m and 9.46—10.16 m. Combining the field investiga-tion and the analysis of the plots, it is considered that the groundwater level of 3.5—4.5 m is rational for the growth of Populus euphratica. The stress groundwater depth for the normal growth and the critical one for the survival of Popu-lus euphratica are below 4.5 m and 9—10 m respectively at the lower reaches of the Tarim River. | Yaning Chen Yapeng Chen Weihong Li Hongfeng Zhang | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，18： | 31 |
| 3 | Removal of nitrate from groundwater by heterotrophic denitrification using the solid carbon source显示文摘Removal of nitrate from groundwater was investigated using biodegradable meal box(BMB) and poly(ε-caprolactone)(PCL) as carbon source and biofilm carrier.The experimental results show that nitrate in groundwater can be effectively removed using BMB and PCL as carbon source.Denitrification rates supported by BMB and PCL were 52.80 and 42.77 mg(NO3-N)/(m2h),respectively,at 30 ℃ and pH 7.5.The pH value of effluent ranged from 7 to 8,and NO2-N concentration was less than 0.1 mg/L.Compared with BMB,PCL could decrease nitrite accumulation;however,more significant influence of temperature on denitrification was observed for PCL as carbon source.Temperature constants for BMB and PCL were 0.045 and 0.068,respectively,at 10-30℃.Based on denitrification efficiency and cost,BMB is more suitable as a carbon source for denitrification of groundwater than PCL. | WANG XuMing WANG JianLong | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，2： | 20 |
| 4 | Occurrence, sources and fate of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the groundwater: A review显示文摘The presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products(PPCPs)in the aquatic environment may pose potential threat to the ecosystem and human health,hence PPCPs have aroused much concern over the world.The contamination of PPCPs in the groundwater,the main source of drinking water supply in many countries and regions,has been extensively studied in the last decade.This paper reviews the occurrence of frequently detected PPCPs,including antibiotics,anti-inflammatories,lipid-regulators,carbamazepine,caffeine,and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in groundwater,with special concern to the progress made over the past three years.Possible emission sources for PPCPs in groundwater,such as wastewater and contaminated surface water,landfills,septic systems,livestock breeding and sewer leakage,are summarized.Besides,adsorption,migration and degradation,the dominant mechanisms in the subsurface transport and fate of PPCPs,are discussed,and the insights into the future study of PPCPs in the groundwater are provided. | Qian Sui Xuqi Cao Shuguang Lu Wentao Zhao Zhaofu Qiu Gang Yu | 2015 | Emerging Contaminants2015，1，1： | 20 |
| 5 | Geological resources and environmental carrying capacity evaluation review,theory, and practice in China显示文摘Evaluations of resources and environmental carrying capacities (GRECC)are the premise of land space planning and use control.Resource allocations and environmental capacity are the basic conditions that restrict development in a region.In this paper,based on a systematic review of China's geological environment,groundwater resources,mineral resources,other geological resources and the environmental carrying capacity research status,the relationship between the natural resource environmental system and the socio-economic system is studied.Then a 'coordination theory of resources and environmental carrying'is proposed.Next,on the basis of an evaluation experiment performed at different scales and for different types of regions,the technical methods for an evaluation of the geological resources and environmental carrying capacity at the regional (inter-provincial)and provincial scales in China are established for the first time.This paper presents a standardized method based on technical ideas, evaluation methods,and index systems for geological resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation.Finally,an evaluation of the groundwater resource carrying capacity in China is used as an example for the demonstration of the groundwater resource background and use of state evaluation methods. | Rui-min Li Zhi-qiang Yin Yi Wang Xiao-lei Li Qiong Liu Meng-meng Gao | 2018 | China Geology2018，1，4： | 19 |
| 6 | The Background Features and Formation of Chemical Elements of Groundwater in the Region of the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River显示文摘The paper deals with the background features, formation and distribution of the chemical el-ements K, Na, Ca, Mg, Si, Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni,V, Co, Ti, Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Hg, Cd, Be, Li, Sr, B,F, Cl, Br and I in the groundwater in the region of the middle and lower reaches of the YangtzeRiver and their relations to the composition of the water-bearing media, properties of the overly-ing rocks and soils, redox environment, and groundwater flow condition, mineralization and pHof groundwater. | Zeng Zhaohua Institute of Environmental Geology,Jiangxi Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Nanchang, Jiangxi Shang Ruoyun | 1997 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)1997，71，1： | 17 |
| 7 | An analytical solution to contaminant transport through composite liners with geomembrane defects显示文摘To investigate the performance of landfill composite liner system,a one-dimensional model was developed for solute transport through composite liners containing geomembrane defects.An analytical solution to the model was obtained by the method of Laplace transformation.The results obtained by the presented solution agree well with those obtained by the numerical method.Results show that leachate head and construction quality of geomembrane(GM) have significant influences on the performance of the composite liners for heavy metal ions.The breakthrough time of lead decreases from 50 a to 19 a when the leachate head increases from 0.3 m to 10 m.It is also indicated that the contaminant mass flux of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) induced by leakage can not be neglected in case of poor construction quality of the landfill barrier system.It is shown that diffusion coefficient and partition coefficient of GM have great influences on solute transport through composite liners for VOCs.The breakthrough time of heavy metal ions will be greatly overestimated if the effects of diffusion and adsorption of clay and geosynthetic clay liner(GCL) are neglected.The composite liner consisting of a geomembrane and a GCL provides a poor barrier for VOCs.The presented analytical solution is relatively simple to apply and can be used for preliminary design of composite liners,evaluating experimental results,and verifying more complex numerical models. | XIE HaiJian1,2,CHEN YunMin1 & LOU ZhangHua1,2 1MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China 2Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，5： | 15 |
| 8 | Arsenic contamination of groundwater:A global synopsis with focus on the Indian Peninsula显示文摘More than 2.5 billion people on the globe rely on groundwater for drinking and providing high-quality drinking water has become one of the major challenges of human society.Although groundwater is considered as safe,high concentrations of heavy metals like arsenic(As)can pose potential human health concerns and hazards.In this paper,we present an overview of the current scenario of arsenic contamination of groundwater in various countries across the globe with an emphasis on the Indian Peninsula.With several newly affected regions reported during the last decade,a significant increase has been observed in the global scenario of arsenic contamination.It is estimated that nearly 108 countries are affected by arsenic contamination in groundwater with concentration beyond maximum permissible limit of 10 ppb recommended by the World Health Organization.The highest among these are from Asia(32)and Europe(31),followed by regions like Africa(20),North America(11),South America(9)and Australia(4).More than 230 million people worldwide,which include 180 million from Asia,are at risk of arsenic poisoning.Southeast Asian countries,Bangladesh,India,Pakistan,China,Nepal,Vietnam,Burma,Thailand and Cambodia,are the most affected.In India,20 states and 4 Union Territories have so far been affected by arsenic contamination in groundwater.An attempt to evaluate the correlation between arsenic poisoning and aquifer type shows that the groundwater extracted from unconsolidated sedimentary aquifers,particularly those which are located within the younger orogenic belts of the world,are the worst affected.More than 90%of arsenic pollution is inferred to be geogenic.We infer that alluvial sediments are the major source for arsenic contamination in groundwater and we postulate a strong relation with plate tectonic processes,mountain building,erosion and sedimentation.Prolonged consumption of arsenic-contaminated groundwater results in severe health issues like skin,lung,kidney and bladder cancer;coronary heart disease;bronchiectasis;hyperkeratosis and arsenicosis.Since the major source of arsenic in groundwater is of geogenic origin,the extend of pollution is complexly linked with aquifer geometry and aquifer properties of a region.Therefore,remedial measures are to be designed based on the source mineral,climatological and hydrogeological scenario of the affected region.The corrective measures available include removing arsenic from groundwater using filters,exploring deeper or alternative aquifers,treatment of the aquifer itself,dilution method by artificial recharge to groundwater,conjunctive use,and installation of nano-filter,among other procedures.The vast majority of people affected by arsenic contamination in the Asian countries are the poor who live in rural areas and are not aware of the arsenic poisoning and treatment protocols.Therefore,creating awareness and providing proper medical care to these people remain as a great challenge.Very few policy actions have been taken at international level over the past decade to reduce arsenic contamination in drinking water,with the goal of preventing toxic impacts on human health.We recommend that that United Nations Environment Programme(UNEP)and WHO should take stock of the global arsenic poisoning situation and launch a global drive to create awareness among people/medical professionals/health workers/administrators on this global concern. | E.Shaji M.Santosh K.V.Sarath Pranav Prakash V.Deepchand B.V.Divya | 2021 | Geoscience Frontiers2021，12，3： | 14 |
| 9 | Seismogenesis and occurrence of earthquakes as observed by temporally continuous gravity variations in China显示文摘In the last decade and a half, a number of earthquakes of magnitude 4-5 have occurred in the Beijing_Tianjin_Tangshan_Zhangjiakou (BTTZ) region. On the basis of the analysis of the temporally continuous gravity variation data principally from the Baijiatuan (BJTN) semi_permanent gravity base station, a general picture of gravity variation related to the seismogenesis and occurrence of earthquakes has emerged.\;As gravity variation is generally observed on the earth’s surface, the predominant influence is that of the near_surface groundwater. The subsurface fluids are distributed throughout all depths in the crust and respond to the seismogenic processes of earthquakes as well. The influence of the subsurface fluid on gravity variation is, therefore, of equal importance. The fluids, which include the near_surface groundwater and the subsurface fluids distributed throughout all depths in the crust, play a more important role in the gravity variations in terms of the seismogenesis and occurrence of earthquakes than previously realized.\;The abundance of accumulated data shows that the dilatancy instability (IPE) model seems not applicable at least to the seismogenesis and occurrence of earthquakes in the BTTZ region. In order to reflect the physical reality, the earlier proposed combined dilatancy model requires modification. The seismogenic area in the BTTZ region may be modelled as a large pre_stressed volume of a fluid_filled poroelastic medium, including not only the pre_stressed volume surrounding the impending rupture zone but also the volume containing the rupture of the fault zone itself. The pre_stressed volume outside the impending rupture zone is under a state of relatively small change of the pre_existing regional tectonic stress, while the volume containing the impending rupture zone is an induced region of very high local stress concentration, and/or pore over_pressure.\;The calculated gravity variations based on the modified combined dilatancy model (MCDM) with the known physical parameters of the region resemble the observed residual gravity variations. Apparently the residual gravity variations, in addition to responding to the deep_seated seismogenesis and occurrence of earthquakes, predominantly respond to the near_surface groundwater, and the subsurface fluids, which themselves also respond to the seismogenesis and occurrence of earthquakes. On the basis of comparison between the calculated MCDM gravity variations and the observed residual gravity variations, the change of the regional tectonic stress field for the earthquakes of magnitude 4-5 in the BTTZ region could be approximately estimated to be in the neighbourhood of 5%-7%.\;It is apparent that simultaneously monitoring the temporally continuous variations of the near_surface groundwater, subsurface fluids, and gravity coupled with modelling would provide vital information on the history and evolution of the seismogenic processes about 10 months to 1 year prior to the occurrence of an earthquake of magnitude 4-5 and tens of years prior to that of an earthquake of magnitude 7-8 such as the Haicheng earthquake in 1975 and the Tangshan earthquake in 1976 in the BTTZ region. These earthquakes of magnitude 4-5, which so far have occurred in the BTTZ region, may well be the precursory events to a larger earthquake. | Gongxu Gu John T. Kuo Keren Liu Jinhan Zheng Hongyan Lu Duanfa Liu | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，1： | 10 |
| 10 | Thermodynamic conditions of framework grain dissolution of clastic rocks and its application in Kela 2 gas field显示文摘Feldspar and clastic debris are the most important constituent framework grains of sedimentary clastic rocks and their chemical dissolution plays an essential role in the formation and evolution of the secondary pore in the reservoir rocks. On the basis of thermodynamic phase equilibrium, this study investigates the chemical equilibrium relationships between fluid and various plagioclase and K-feldspar in diagenesis of the sediments, particularly, the impact of temperature and fluid compositions (pH, activity of K+, Na+, Ca2+ and so on) on precipitation and dissolution equilibria of feldspars. Feldspar is extremely easily dissolved in the acid pore water with a low salinity when temperature decreases. The dissolution of anorthite end-member of plagioclase is related to the Ca content of the mineral and the fluid, higher Ca either in the mineral or in the fluid, easier dissolution of the feldspar. Moreover, the dissolution of albite end-member of plagioclase is related to Na of both the mineral and fluid, lower Na out of both the mineral and fluid, easier dissolution of the mineral. Similarly, lower-K fluid is more powerful to dissolve K-feldspar than the higher. The anorthite component of plagioclase is most easily dissolved in ground water-rock system, the albite is the secondary, and K-feldspar is the most stable. Selective dissolution of plagioclase occurs in diagenesis because of the plagioclase solid solution that is mainly composed of albite and anorthite end-members, Ca-rich part of which is preferentially dissolved by the pore water, in contrast to the Na-rich parts. Based on investigation of reservoir quality, secondary pore, dissolution structures of feldspar, clay minerals and ground water chemistry of the Kela 2 gas field of Kuqa Depression in the Tarim basin of Western China, we discovered that the secondary pore is very well developed in the highest quality section of the reservoir, and the plagioclase of which was obviously selectively dissolved, in contrast to the overgrowth of K-feldspar. Chemistry of the ground water out of the highest quality section of the reservoir is consistent with the complete dissolution field of anorthite, partial dissolution field of albite component of plagioclase, and the precipitation of K-feldspar on the temperature-logK phase equilibrium diagram drawn from this study. The thermodynamic modeling calculation gave us an insight into formation of the secondary pore within the reservoir, and the dissolution of plagioclase an important cause of the secondary pore. It is assumed that the solvent to dissolve the plagioclase frame grains originated from the origin-enriched compacted fluid acids out of the mudstone buried beneath the top of geopressured zones in the Kuqa Depression. | LAI Xingyun, YU Bingsong, CHEN Junyuan, CHEN Xiaolin, LIU Jianqing, MEI Mingxiang, JING Weiguang & CHENG Suhua School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Tectonics, Deep-level Process and Exploration of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100083, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，1： | 9 |
| 11 | Stratum energy of coal-bed gas reservoir and their control on the coal-bed gas reservoir formation显示文摘Stratum energy of coal-bed gas reservoir, including coal-radix flexibility energy, groundwater flexibility energy and gas flexibility energy (hereinafter 'three energy'), depends on the energy homeostasis system, the core process of which is the effective transfer of energy and the geological selective process. Combining with the mechanics experimentations of coal samples, different flexibility energy has been analyzed and researched quantificationally, and a profound discussion to their controls on the coal-bed gas reservoir formation has been made. It is shown that when gas reservoir is surrounded by edge water and bottom water, the deposited energy in the early phase of forming gas reservoir is mostly coal-radix and gas flexibility energy, but the effect of groundwater flexibility energy increases while water-body increases. The deposited energy in the middle and later phase of forming gas reser voir is mostly gas flexibility energy, which is greater than 80% of all deposited energy. In the whole process, larger groundwater body exerts greater influences on gas accumulation. The paper indicated that higher stratum energy is more propitious to forming coal-bed gas reservoir. And higher coal-radix flexibility energy and gas flexibility energy are more propitious to higher yield of gas reservoirs, while higher groundwater flexibility energy is more propitious to stable yield of gas reservoirs. Therefore, the key to evaluating the coal-bed gas reservoir formation is the stratum energy of coal-bed gas reservoir. | WU CaiFang QIN Yong FU XueHai | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，9： | 9 |
| 12 | Influence of groundwater depth on species composition and community structure in the transition zone of Cele oasis显示文摘The paper analyzes the hypothesis that the distribution of dominant plant species and characteristics of plant communities are related to groundwater depth. The results showed that variations of groundwater depth impacted distributions and characteristics of dominant plant communities. However, besides groundwater depth, the community composition and species diversity were also influenced by physiognomy of the habitat. Based on the similarity coefficient, the differences between dominant plant communities were significant at different groundwater depths. Compared with other results relating to desert vegetation and groundwater depth, variations of community distribution were similar at the large spatial scale. However, in this extremely arid region, there were significant differences in community type and community succession when compared with other arid regions, especially in relationship to deep groundwater depth. With groundwater depth from deep to shallow, communities transformed with the sequence of Alhagi communities, Tamarix spp. communities, Populus communities, Phragmites communities, and Sophora communities. At groundwater depth of less than 6.0 m, the community type and composition changed, and the species diversity increased. Among these dominant species, Tamarix exhibited the biggest efficiency in resource utilization according to niche breadth, which means it possessed the best adaptability to environmental conditions at the oasis margins. | Frank M. THOMAS | 2010 | Journal of Arid Land2010，2，4： | 9 |
| 13 | Study on shallow groundwater information extraction technology based on multi-spectral data and spatial data显示文摘Aimed at solving the difficulties,such as low efficiency and limited exploration range encountered in finding groundwater with the traditional methods,a new method was presented by using remote sensing technology in this paper.Based on multi-spectral data(ETM data) and spatial data(SRTM data),a forecasting model was built to produce a probability rating map for finding shallow groundwater in the arid and semi-arid areas.According to investigations,a conclusion is drawn that the results of the model are satisfied,which have been testified by the later geophysical exploration and drilling.Thus,the model can serve as a guide for finding groundwater in the arid and semi-arid regions. | YU DeHao DENG ZhengDong LONG Fan GUAN HongJun WANG DaQing GOU YiZheng | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，5： | 9 |
| 14 | Fe^0-PRB修复地下水硝酸盐污染数值模拟显示文摘基于地下水对流-弥散作用,采用数值分析方法,构建了GMS地下水渗流和硝酸盐污染物迁移三维耦合模型.在污染物迁移过程中,不考虑吸附降解和考虑吸附降解两种工况下,分析了污染物在地下水中的迁移特征.结果表明:地下水和土壤存在天然净化污染物的能力,但不显著,必须采取有效措施控制污染.以零价铁作为PRB墙体介质,并用GMS软件模拟Fe0-PRB修复地下水中硝酸盐的效果.PRB存在时能显著控制污染物的污染范围并降低污染物浓度.PRB厚度为4m时,污染物经过550d开始透过PRB墙,PRB运行10a后,1、2、3号观测井的浓度分别1.712,0.011,0.018mg/L,PRB下游污染羽拖尾明显;PRB厚度为6m时,污染物经过850d开始透过PRB墙,PRB运行10a后,1、2、3号观测井的浓度分别0.52,0.004,0.005mg/L,与4m PRB相比浓度分别降低69.6%、63.6%和72.2%,PRB下游污染羽拖尾仍存在但不明显.污染物迁移数值模拟是评价PRB修复污染地下水效果及确定PRB参数的重要手段. | 邓红卫 贺威 胡建华 周科平 | 2015 | 中国环境科学2015，35，8： | 9 |
| 15 | 基于模糊可变评价模型的地下水脆弱性研究显示文摘针对传统DRASTIC方法中将指标离散化、权重定额划分及人类活动影响的问题,以通辽市地下水脆弱性评价为背景,应用模糊可变评价模型从水量及人类活动复合作用角度评价了地下水脆弱性。实例表明,该模型信息处理综合性强,评价结果可信度高,可应用于地下水脆弱性的综合评价中。 | 练建军 许士国 韩成伟 | 2010 | 水电能源科学2010，28，9： | 9 |
| 16 | Defluoridation of groundwater by calcined Mg/Al layered double hydroxide显示文摘The present study evaluated calcined Mg/Al layered double hydroxide(CLDH)availability for the removal of fluoride from local groundwaters.The Mg/Al layered double hydroxide(LDH)was synthesized by coprecipitation method and characterized by XRD,FT-IR and TGA-TDA analyses.Batch defluoridation experiments were performed under various conditions such as calcination,solution pH,contact time,temperature,material dosage and reuse.Experimental results indicate that fluoride removal strongly increased after calcination of the LDH up to 600℃.The maximum fluoride removal was obtained at solution pH of 6.85.Kinetics of fluoride removal followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model.The rise in solution temperature strongly enhances the removal efficiency.The adsorption mechanism involved surface adsorption,ion exchange interaction and original LDH structure reconstruction by rehydration of mixed metal oxides and concomitant intercalation of fluoride ions into the interlayer region.The optimum dosages required to meet the national standard for drinking water quality were found to be 0.29 and 0.8 g/L,respectively,for Bejaad and Settat goundwaters.A decrease in the fluoride uptake with increasing the number of regeneration cycles was observed. | A.Elhalil S.Qourzal F.Z.Mahjoubi R.Elmoubarki M.Farnane H.Tounsadi M.Sadiq M.Abdennouri N.Barka | 2016 | Emerging Contaminants2016，2，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Temporal and spatial dynamical simulation of groundwater characteristics in Minqin Oasis显示文摘Application scope of geostatistics has been gradually extended from original geologic field to soil science and ecological field, etc. and its successful application results have been widely demonstrated. But little information is reported as to the direct use of geostatistical method to work out the distribu- tion map of groundwater characteristics. In this paper the semivariogram of geostatistics, in combina- tion with GIS, was used to quantitatively study the spatial variation characteristics of groundwater table depth and mineralization degree and their relation to the landuse changes. F test of the used spherical model reached a very significant level, and the theoretical model can well reflect the spatial structural characteristics of groundwater table depth and mineralization degree and achieve an ideal result. This shows that the application of the method in the dynamical simulation of groundwater is feasible. And this paper also provides useful reference for the application of geostatistics in the study of the dy- namical variations of groundwater resources in the oasis. | XIAO DuNing LI XiaoYu SONG DongMei YANG GuoJing | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，2： | 7 |
| 18 | Fracturing,caving propagation and influence of mining on groundwater above longwall panels–a review of predictive models显示文摘Historically there have been a number of different hypotheses and empirical models developed in an attempt to describe the nature of fracturing above longwall panels in underground coal mining.The motivation for suchmodels varies,ranging fromunderstanding the impact ofmining on surface subsidence,to back-analysis of caving behaviour in the immediate roof behind the longwall face.One of the most critical motivating factors that is taking on increased importance in many coalfields,is the need for better understanding,and hence prediction of the impact of mining on overlying strata,particularly strata units acting as aquifers for different groundwater horizons.This paper reviews some of the major prediction models in the context of observed behaviour of strata displacement and fracturing above longwall panels in the southern coalfields of New South Wales,south of Sydney.The paper discusses the parameter often referred to as'height of fracturing'in terms of the critical parameters that influence it,and the relevance and appropriateness of this terminology in the context of overlying sub-surface subsidence and groundwater impact.The paper proposes an alternative terminology for this parameter that better reflects what it is and how it is used.The paper also addresses the potential role of major bedding shear planes mobilised by mining and their potential influence on overlying subsidence and groundwater interference. | Bruce Hebblewhite | 2020 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2020，30，1： | 7 |
| 19 | Impact of transferred water on the hydrochemistry and water quality of surface water and groundwater in Baiyangdian Lake,North China显示文摘The hydrochemical composition of surface water and groundwater is a key parameter for understanding the evolution of water and its quality.In particular,little is known about the impact of transferred water on surface water and groundwater.In this study,Baiyangdian Lake was selected as a typical area for extensive groundwater exploration and surface water transfer in the North China Plain.Surface water and groundwater samples were sampled in dry/wet seasons and then analyzed before/after the water transfer,respectively.Generally,surface water and groundwater are extensively hydrologically connected based on hydrochemical evidence.It was found that the hydrochemical composition of the shallow groundwater is affected by the surface water and that the water quality of the deep groundwater is stable.However,inter-aquifer recharge processes from the shallow groundwater to the deep groundwater existed in the anthropogenic region impacted with high nitrate-ion concentrations.Also,the hydrochemical composition of the surface water and groundwater was dominated by rock-weathering and evaporation-precipitation processes.Due to the existence of the deep vadose zone in the alluvial fan,Na^(+)was exchanged into soil matrices during the leakage of the surface water.In addition,the transferred water resulted in surface water with good quality,and it also played as an important recharge source to groundwater.As the most important water resource for irrigation and drinking,deep groundwater should be paid more attention in the alluvial fan with frequent water transfer and extensive groundwater exploration. | Yong Zhao Jingyan Han Bing Zhang Jiaguo Gong | 2021 | Geoscience Frontiers2021，12，3： | 6 |
| 20 | A spatial geostatistical analysis of impact of land use development on groundwater resources in the Sangong Oasis Region using remote sensing imagery and data显示文摘In this study, the relationship between land use and cover change (LUCC) and variation of groundwater level and quality in the Sangong Oasis Region was investigated using a spatial geostatistical approach. Specifically, interactions among groundwater, surface water, and LUCC were analyzed through the utilization of geographical information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS) Imagery processing, and geostatistics. Study outputs indicated that recharging into the ground-water did not change significantly during the period from 1978 to 1998. However, both LUCC and groundwater level changed substantially in the Sangong Oasis Region, and their variations were closely correlated to each other spatially and temporally over the past two decades. It confirmed that urbanization process and increased industrial activities were the direct reasons of groundwater table descending and the deterioration of water quality. The results of this research provided a scientific basis for understanding sustainability-related problems and solution options in the oasis areas of western China. | Chen, Xi Yan, JinFeng Chen, Zhi Luo, GePing Song, Qing Xu, WenQiang | 2009 | Journal of Arid Land2009，1，1： | 6 |
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