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    题名 作者 年代 出处 被引量
1Challenge and Opportunity in Improving Fertilizer-nitrogen Use Efficiency of Irrigated Rice in China显示文摘Today, about 30% of world nitrogen (N) fertilizer is consumed by China. Rice crops in China consume about 37% of the total N fertilizer used for rice production in the world. Average rate of N application for rice production in China is high and fertilizer-N use efficiency is low compared with other major rice growing countries. Research progresses have been made internationally and domestically on the application method, fertilizer-N sources, computer-based decision support systems, and real-time N management in order to reduce N losses and increase fertilizer-N use efficiency. In addition to continuous increase in N rate and lack of adoption of new knowledge and technology in N management by farmers, we hypothesize that high indigenous soil N supply, adoption of hybrid and super rice cultivars, improper timing of N application, and practice of mid-season drainage could be the causes for the low fertilizer-N use efficiency in China. Future research work on improving fertilizer-N use efficiency of rice crop in China should focus more on improving cultivar's N responsiveness, optimizing the timing and rate of N application based on crop N status, and achieving optimal soil N supply capacity.Roland Buresh Christian Witt 2002Agricultural Sciences in China2002,1,7:86
2水稻纹枯病的发生及其防治策略显示文摘综述了水稻纹枯病的症状、传播途径、发病特点及其防治策略的研究进展,其防治策略主要包括药剂防治、生物防治和农业防治措施。李涛 路雪君 廖晓兰 欧晓明 2010江西农业学报2010,22,9:70
3Breeding high-yield superior quality hybrid super rice by rational design显示文摘The challenge of meeting the increasing demand for worldwide rice production has driven a sustained quest for advances in rice breeding for yield. Two breakthroughs that led to quantum leaps in productivity last century were the introduction of semidwarf varieties and of hybrid rice. Subsequent gains in yield have been incremental. The next major leap in rice breeding is now upon us through the application of rational design to create defined ideotypes. The exploitation of wide-cross compatibility and intersubspecific heterosis,combined with rapid genome sequencing and the molecular identification of genes for major yield and quality traits have now unlocked the potential for rational design.Qian Qian Longbiao Guo Steven M.Smith Jiayang Li 2016National Science Review2016,3,3:48
4Identification and mapping of genes for improving yield from Chinese common wild rice (O.rufipogon Griff.) using advanced backcross QTL analysis显示文摘To identify useful genes from wild rice which have been lost or weakened in cultivated rice has become more and more important for modern breeding strategy. In this study, a BC4 population derived from 94W1, an accession of common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) from Dongxiang in Jiangxi Province of China, as the donor, and a high-yielding Indica cultivar (O. sativa L.), 'Guichao 2', as the recipient, was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with yield and its components. Based on the analysis for the genotype of BC4F1 population with 87 SSR markers distributed throughout the genome and investigation of the plant height, yield and yield components of BC4F2, a total of 52 QTLs, were detected. Of 7 QTLs associated with grain yield per plant, 2 QTLs on chromosome 2 and chromosome 11 for grain yield, explaining 16% and 11% of the phenotypic variance respectively, were identified. The alleles from Dongxiang common wild rice in those two loci could increase the yield of 'Guichao 2' byDejun Li Chuanqing Sun Yongcai Fu Cheng Li Zuofeng Zhu Liang Chen Hongwei Cai Xiangkun Wang 2002Chinese Science Bulletin2002,47,18:39
5有机水稻病虫害防控措施研究进展显示文摘病虫害是制约有机水稻发展的一个重要因素,综述了目前有关有机水稻病虫害农业防治、物理防治、生物防治及药剂防治等方面取得的研究成果,以期为从事有机水稻研究的工作者提供参考。姚英娟 曾小军 舒平平 梁玉勇 郑立平 李祖章 管珊红 杨兰根 2010江西农业学报2010,22,10:35
6水稻籽粒发育过程中各器官镉积累量的变化及其与基因型和土壤镉水平的关系显示文摘以镉(Cd)积累潜力不同的2个籼稻品种为材料,研究了籽粒发育过程中各器官中Cd含量的动态变化及其与土壤中Cd含量的关系。结果表明,在含Cd的生长环境中,水稻根系中的Cd含量在整个生育期中保持稳定增长的趋势,而茎叶、穗轴和稻壳等器官在营养生长阶段积累了大量的Cd,然后在籽粒充实过程中向外输出,其中旗叶和稻壳中的Cd输出率在50%以上,明显高于其他营养器官。根系和叶片中的Cd含量与土壤中的Cd含量呈高度线性相关,茎秆和籽粒中的Cd含量与土壤中的Cd含量呈抛物线相关,说明根系、茎秆、叶片等营养器官对Cd有储存和“过滤”作用。低积累品种‘X24’穗轴中的Cd含量明显低于高积累品种‘T705’,说明营养器官中的Cd向籽粒中转运的速率是决定籽粒中Cd积累量的关键因素。但是,只有当土壤中的Cd含量为0.3~1.2 mg·kg-1时,低积累品种精米中的Cd含量才会显著低于高积累品种;当土壤中的Cd含量高于2.4 mg·kg-1时,2个品种精米中的Cd含量没有显著差异。居学海 张长波 宋正国 韩立娜 陆仲烟 王景安 刘仲齐 2014植物生理学报2014,50,5:36
7From Golden Rice to aSTARice:Bioengineering Astaxanthin Biosynthesis in Rice Endosperm显示文摘Carotenoids are important phytonutrients with antioxidant properties,and are widely used in foods and feedstuffs as Supplements.Astaxanthin,a red-colored ketocarotenoid,has strong antioxidant activity and thus can benefit human health.However,astaxanthin is not produced in most higher plants.Here we report the bioengineering of astaxanthin biosynthesis in rice endosperm by introducing four synthetic genes,sZmPSY1,sPaCrtl,sCrBKT,and sHpBHY,which encode the enzymes phytoene synthase,phytoene desaturase,β-carotene ketolase,and β-carotene hydroxylase,respectively.Transgneic overexpression of two (sZmPSY1 and sPaCrtl),three (sZmPSY1,sPaCrtl and sCrBKT),and all these four genes driven by rice endosperm-specific promoters established the Carotenoid/ketocarotenoid/astaxanthin biosynthetic pathways in the endosperm and thus resulted in various types of germplasm,from the yellow-grained β-caro- tene-enriched Golden Rice to orange-red-grained Canthaxanthin Rice and Astaxanthin Rice,respectively. Grains Of Astaxanthin Rice were enriched with astaxanthin in the endosperm and had higher antioxidant activity.These results proved that introduction of a minimal set of four transgenes enables de novo biosynthesis of astaxanthin in therice endosperm.This work provides a Successful example for synthetic biology in plants and biofortification in crops;the biofortified rice products generated by this study could be consumed as health-promoting foods and processed tO produce dietary supplements.Qinlong Zhu Dongchang Zeng Suize Yu Chaojun Cui Jiamin Li Heying Li Junyu Chen Runzhao Zhang Xiucai Zhao Letian Chen Yao-Guang Liu 2018Molecular Plant2018,11,12:35
8The arms race between Magnaporthe oryzae and rice: Diversity and interaction of Avr and R genes显示文摘Rice blast disease, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, threatens global food security. The rice blast pathosystem is a longstanding model system for understanding plant-microbe interactions. In order to elucidate the coevolution of the host and pathogen, and provide the appropriate methods for preventing or controlling rice blast disease, researchers have focused on the evolution of virulence factors and resistance genes. Thus far, more than 30 rice blast resistance(R) genes and 12 avirulence(Avr) genes have been cloned. This review summarizes the cloned rice blast R genes, cloned Avr genes of M. oryzae and the interaction between them. This discussion also considers some of the major unanswered questions concerning this pathosystem and the opportunities for future investigations.WANG Bao-hua Daniel J.Ebbole WANG Zong-hua 2017Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017,16,12:39
9The AGL6-like gene OsMADS6 regulates floral organ and meristem identities in rice显示文摘Although AGAMOUS-LIKE6 (AGL6) MADS-box genes are ancient with wide distributions in gymnosperms and angiosperms, their functions remain poorly understood. Here, we show the biological role of the AGL6-1ike gene, OsMADS6, in specifying floral organ and meristem identities in rice (Oryza sativa L.). OsMADS6 was strongly ex- pressed in the floral meristem at early stages. Subsequently, OsMADS6 transcripts were mainly detectable in paleas, lodicules, carpels and the integument of ovule, as well as in the receptacle. Compared to wild type plants, osmads6 mutants displayed altered palea identity, extra glume-like or mosaic organs, abnormal carpel development and loss of floral meristem determinacy. Strikingly, mutation of a SEPALLATA (SEP)-like gene, OsMADS1 (LHS1), enhanced the defect of osmads6 flowers, and no inner floral organs or glume-like structures were observed in whorls 2 and 3 of osmadsl-z osmads6-1 flowers. Furthermore, the osmadsl-z osmads6-1 double mutants developed severely indetermi- nate floral meristems. Our finding, therefore, suggests that the ancient OsMADS6 gene is able to specify 'floral state' by determining floral organ and meristem identities in monocot crop rice together with OsMADS1.Haifeng Li Wanqi Liang Ruidong Jia Changsong Yin Jie Zong Hongzhi Kong Dabing Zhang 2010Cell Research2010,20,3:33
10Dissection of genetic overlap of salt tolerance QTLs at the seedling and tillering stages using backcross introgression lines in rice显示文摘QTLs for salt-tolerance(ST)related traits at the seedling and tillering stages were identified using 99 BC2F8 introgression lines(IL)derived from a cross between IR64(indica)as a recurrent parent and Binam(japonica)from Iran as the donor parent.Thirteen QTLs affecting survival days of seedlings(SDS), score of salt toxicity of leaves(SST),shoot K + concentration(SKC)and shoot Na + concentration(SNC) at the seedling stage and 22 QTLs underlying fresh weight of shoots(FW),tiller number per plant(TN) and plant height(PH)at the tillering stage were identified.Most QTLs detected at the tillering stage showed obvious differential expression to salt stress and were classified into three types based on their differential behaviors.Type I included 11 QTLs which were expressed only under the non-stress condition.Type II included five QTLs expressed in the control and the salt stress conditions,and three of them(QPh5,QPh8 and QTn9)had similar quantity and the same direction of gene effect,suggesting their expression was less influenced by salt stress.Type III included six QTLs which were detectable only under salt stress,suggesting that these QTLs were apparently induced by the stress.Thirteen QTLs affecting trait difference or trait stability of ILs between the stress and non-stress conditions were identified and the Binam alleles at all loci except QPh4,QTn2 and QFw2a decreased trait difference.The three QTLs less influenced by the stress and 13 QTLs affecting trait stability were considered as ST QTLs which contributed to ST.Comparing the distribution of QTLs detected at the seedling and tillering stages,most(69%)of them were genetically independent.Only four were the same or adjacent regions on chromosomes 1,2,8 and 11 harboring ST QTLs detected at the two stages,suggesting that partial genetic overlap of ST across the two stages occurs.It is likely,therefore,to develop ST rice variety for both stages by pyramiding of ST QTLs of different stages or selection against the overlapping QTLs between the two stages via marker-assisted selection(MAS).ZANG JinPing 1 ,SUN Yong 1 ,WANG Yun 1 ,YANG Jing 1 ,LI Fang 1 ,ZHOU YongLi 1 ,ZHU LingHua 1 , Reys JESSICA2,Fotokian MOHAMMADHOSEIN 2,XU JianLong 1&LI ZhiKang 1,2 1Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources&Genetic Improvement,Chinese Academy of Agricul- tural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China 2International Rice Research Institute,DAPO Box 7777,Metro Manila,Philippines 2008Science China(Life Sciences)2008,51,7:32
11Variation of Cd concentration in various rice cultivars and derivation of cadmium toxicity thresholds for paddy soil by species-sensitivity distribution显示文摘It is imperative to derive an appropriate cadmium(Cd) health risk toxicity threshold for paddy soils to ensure the Cd concentration of rice grains meet the food safety standard. In this study, 20 rice cultivars from the main rice producing areas in China were selected, and a pot-experiment was conducted to investigate transformation of Cd in paddy soil-rice system with 0(CK), 0.3 mg kg–1(T1) and 0.6 mg kg–1(T2) Cd treatments in greenhouse. The results showed that Cd concentrations of rice grains existed significant difference(P<0.05) in 20 rice cultivars under the same Cd level in soil. The Cd concentrations of rice grains of the CK, T1 and T2 treatments were in the range of 0.143–0.202, 0.128–0.458 and 0.332–0.806 mg kg–1, respectively. Marked differences of the ratios of Cd concentration for soil to rice grain(BCFs) and transfer factors(TFs, root to grain and straw to grain) among the tested cultivars were observed in this study. The bioconcentration factors(BCFgrain) and TFs of the 20 rice cultivars were 0.300–1.112 and 0.342–0.817, respectively. The TFs of Cd from straw to grain ranged from 0.366 to 1.71, with significant differences among these 20 rice cultivars. The bioconcentration factors(BCFgrain) and TFs among the 20 rice cultivars ranged from 0.300–1.112 and 0.342–0.817, respectively. The species-sensitivity distribution(SSD) of Cd sensitivity of the rice species could be fitted well with Burr-III(R2=0.987) based on the data of BCFs. The toxicity threshold of Cd derived from SSD for the paddy soil was 0.507 mg kg–1 in the present study.SONG Wen-en CHEN Shi-bao LIU Ji-fang CHEN Li SONG Ning-ning LI Ning LIU Bin 2015Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015,14,9:33
12Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a new rolled-leaf mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L.)显示文摘To understand the development of rice leaf blades,we identified a new rolled-leaf mutant,w32,from indica cultivar IR64 through EMS mutagenesis. The mutant showed a stable rolled-leaf phenotype throughout the life cycle. Two F2 populations were developed by crossing w32 to cultivar IR24 and PA64. Genetic analysis showed that the rolled-leaf phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene. To determine the location of the gene,bulked segregant analysis was carried out using mutant and wild-type DNA pools and 1846 mutant-type F2 individuals derived from the cross w32/PA64 were genotyped to locate the gene on the short arm of chromosome 7. The rolled-leaf gene,tentatively named rl11(t),is likely a new gene as no other rolled-leaf genes have been identified near the region. By developing new SSR and InDel markers,the gene was delimited to a 52 kb region near the end of the short chromosome arm. Further fine mapping and cloning of the gene are currently underway.SHI YongFeng1,2,CHEN Jie1,LIU WenQiang1,HUANG QiNa1,2,SHEN Bo2,LEUNG Hei3 & WU JianLi1 1 Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement/National key Laboratory for Rice Biology,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China 2 College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 310016,China 3 International Rice Research Institute,Metro Manila DAPO Box 7777,Philippines 2009Science China(Life Sciences)2009,52,9:29
13The characteristics of CO_2 assimilation of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in transgenic PEPC rice显示文摘With PEPC, PPDK, NADP-ME and PEPC+ PPDK transgenic and untransformed rice (Orysa sativa L.), the activities of related C4 photosynthesis enzymes, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, CO2 exchange and other physiological indexes were compared, in which the physiological characteristics of PEPC transgenic rice were mainly studied. The results were as follows: (i) The activities of PEPC in PEPC transgenic rice were 20-fold higher than those in untransformed rice; the light-saturation photosynthetic rates and the carboxylation efficiency of PEPC transgenic rice were increased by 55% and 50% more than those of untransformed rice, respectively, while the CO2 compensation point decreased by 27%. (ii) The PS II photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and photochemical quenching (qp) of transgenic PEPC rice decreased less in comparison with those of untransformed rice after the treatment with high light intensity (3 h) or methyl viologen (MV), a photooxidative reagent, which demonstrated that the tolerance of PEPCJIAO Demao, LI Xia, HUANG Xueqing, CHI Wei, KUANG Tingyun & Ku SB Maurice1. Institute of Agrobiological Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nangjing 210014, China 2. Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China 3. Botany Department, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4236, USA 2001Chinese Science Bulletin2001,46,13:29
14Engineering a New Chloroplastic Photorespiratory Bypass to In crease Photosynthetic Efficiency and Productivity in Rice显示文摘Over the past few years, three photorespiratory bypasses have been introduced into plants, two of which led to observable in creases in photos yn thesis and biomass yield. However, most of the experiments were carried out using Arabidopsis under controlled environmental conditions, and the increases were only observed under low-light and short-day conditions. In this study, we designed a new photorespiratory bypass (called GOC bypass), characterized by no reducing equivalents being produced during a complete oxidation of glycolate into CO2 catalyzed by three rice-self-originating enzymes, i.e., glycolate oxidase, oxalate oxidase, and catalase. We successfully established this bypass in rice chloroplasts using a multi-gene assembly and transformation system. Transgenic rice plants carrying GOC bypass (GOC plants) showed significant increases in photosynthesis efficiency, biomass yield, and nitrogen content, as well as several other CO2-enriched phe no types under both greenhouse and field conditions .Grain yield of GOC plants varied depending on seeding season and was increased significantly in the spring. We further demonstrated that GOC plants had significant advantages under high-light conditions and that the improvements in GOC plants resulted primarily from a photosynthetic CO2-concentrating effect rather than from improved energy balance. Taken together, our results reveal that engineering a newly designed chloroplastic photorespiratory bypass could increase photosynthetic efficiency and yield of rice plants grown in field conditions, particularly under high light.Bo-Ran Shen Li-Min Wang Xiu-Ling Lin Zhen Yao Hua-Wei Xu Cheng-Hua Zhu Hai-Yan Teng Li-Li Cui E.-E. Liu Jian-Jun Zhang Zheng-Hui He Xin-Xiang Peng 2019Molecular Plant2019,12,2:30
15Rapid Identification of Rice Samples Using an Electronic Nose显示文摘Four rice samples of long grain type were tested using an electronic nose (Cyranose-320).Samples of 5 g of each variety ofrice were placed individually in vials and were analyzed with the electronic nose unit consisting of 32 polymer sensors.TheCyranose-320 was able to differentiate between varieties of rice.The chemical composition of the rice odors for differentiatingrice samples needs to be investigated.The optimum parameter settings should be considered during the Cyranose-320 trainingprocess especially for multiple samples,which are helpful for obtaining an accurate training model to improve identificationcapability.Further,it is necessary to investigate the E-nose sensor selection for obtaining better classification accuracy.A re-duced number of sensors could potentially shorten the data processing time,and could be used to establish an application pro-cedure and reduce the cost for a specific electronic nose.Further research is needed for developing analytical procedures thatadapt the Cyranose-320 as a tool for testing rice quality.John Westbrook W.C.Hoffmann R.E.Lacey 2009Journal of Bionic Engineering2009,6,3:28
16Using iron fertilizer to control Cd accumulation in rice plants: A new promising technology显示文摘Effects of two kinds of iron fertilizer, FeSO4 and EDTA·Na2Fe were studied on cadmium accumulation in rice plants with two rice genotypes, Zhongzao 22 and Zhongjiazao 02, with soil culture systems. The results showed that application of iron fertilizers could hardly make adverse effects on plant growth and rice grain yield. Soil application of EDTA·Na2Fe significantly reduced the Cd accumulation in rice roots, shoots and rice grain. Cd concentration in white rice of both rice genotypes in the treatment of soil application of EDTA·Na2Fe was much lower than 0.2 mg/kg, the maximal Cd permission concentra- tion in cereal crop foods in State standard. However, soil application of FeSO4 or foliar application of FeSO4 or EDTA·Na2Fe resulted in the significant increase of Cd accumulation in rice plants including rice grain compared with the control. The results also showed iron fertilizers increased the concentra- tion of iron, copper and manganese element in rice grain and also affected zinc concentration in plants. It may be a new promising way to regulate Cd accumulation in rice grain in rice production through soil application of EDTA·Na2Fe fertilizers to maintain higher content of available iron and ferrous iron in soils.SHAO GuoSheng, CHEN MingXue, WANG DanYing, XU ChunMei, MOU RenXiang, CAO ZhaoYun & ZHANG XiuFu China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 31006, China 2008Science China(Life Sciences)2008,51,3:28
17Map-based cloning of the ALK gene,which controls the gelatinization temperature of rice显示文摘Gelatinization temperature (GT) is an important parameter for evaluating the cooking and eating quality of rice besides amylose content (AC). The inheritance of the genes affecting GT has been widely studied and is considered to be controlled by a major gene. Here, we report the map-based cloning of rice ALK that encodes the soluble starch synthase II (SSSII). Comparison between the DNA sequences from different rice varieties, together with the results obtained with digestion of the rice seeds in alkali solution, indicates that the base substitutions in coding se-quence of ALK may cause the alteration in GT.高振宇 曾大力 崔霞 周奕华 颜美仙 黄大年 李家洋 钱前 2003Science China(Life Sciences)2003,46,6:26
18Comparison of Manual and Automatic Methods for Measurement of Methane Emission from Rice Paddy Fields显示文摘I.INTRODUCTIONAbout70%ofatmosphericmethaneisfrombiogenicsources,inwhichricepaddiesandothernaturalwetlandsaremostimportant.Glo...郑循华 王明星 王跃思 沈壬兴 李晶 1998Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1998,15,4:26
19旱稻田杂草的发生及除草剂的筛选研究显示文摘旱稻田杂草的发生是影响旱稻产量的一个重要因素。为明确旱稻田杂草发生规律和筛选合适的旱稻田除草剂,调查了旱稻田杂草的发生情况,并进行了5种常用除草剂达93.3%的防治剂量及复配药效试验。结果表明:旱稻田杂草种类多、数量大,播后20 d是杂草萌发高峰期。3 000~3 150 mL/hm2旱稻除草剂1号和3 750 mL/hmm2农思它对旱稻田杂草的防除效果达93.39%。2种除草剂之间相互复配的效果都不好。多种除草剂复配可采用旱稻除草剂1号+丁草胺+农思它、旱稻除草剂1号+丁草胺+二甲四氯、旱稻除草剂1号+农思它+果尔,此3种方案防效较好,防效均达95%以上。李俊周 王晓飞 张静 杜彦修 赵全志 2010河南农业科学2010,39,12:26
20Grain quality changes and responses to nitrogen fertilizer of japonica rice cultivars released in the Yangtze River Basin from the 1950s to 2000s显示文摘While the yield potential of rice has increased but little is known about the impact of breeding on grain quality, especially under different levels of N availability. In order to investigate the integrated effects of breeding and N levels on rice quality 12 japonica rice cultivars bred in the past60 years in the Yangtze River Basin were used with three levels of N: 0 kg N ha-1, 240 kg N ha-1,and 360 kg N ha-1. During the period, milling quality(brown rice percentage, milled rice percentage, and head rice percentage), appearance quality(chalky kernels percentage, chalky size, and chalkiness), and eating and cooking quality(amylose content, gel consistency, peak viscosity, breakdown, and setback) were significantly improved, but the nutritive value of the grain has declined due to a reduction in protein content. Micronutrients, such as Cu, Mg, and S contents, were decreased, and Fe, Mn, Zn, Na, Ca, K, P, B contents were increased. These changes in grain quality imply that simultaneous improvements in grain yield and grain quality are possible through selection. Overall, application of N fertilizer decreased grain quality, especially in terms of eating and cooking quality. Under higher N levels, higher protein content was the main reason for deterioration of grain quality, although lower amylose content might contribute to improving starch pasting properties. These results suggest that further improvement in grain quality will depend on both breeding and cultivation practices, especially in regard to nitrogen and water management.Junfei Gu Jing Chen Lu Chen Zhiqin Wang Hao Zhang Jianchang Yang 2015The Crop Journal2015,3,4:25
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