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| 1 | Engineering a New Chloroplastic Photorespiratory Bypass to In crease Photosynthetic Efficiency and Productivity in Rice显示文摘Over the past few years, three photorespiratory bypasses have been introduced into plants, two of which led to observable in creases in photos yn thesis and biomass yield. However, most of the experiments were carried out using Arabidopsis under controlled environmental conditions, and the increases were only observed under low-light and short-day conditions. In this study, we designed a new photorespiratory bypass (called GOC bypass), characterized by no reducing equivalents being produced during a complete oxidation of glycolate into CO2 catalyzed by three rice-self-originating enzymes, i.e., glycolate oxidase, oxalate oxidase, and catalase. We successfully established this bypass in rice chloroplasts using a multi-gene assembly and transformation system. Transgenic rice plants carrying GOC bypass (GOC plants) showed significant increases in photosynthesis efficiency, biomass yield, and nitrogen content, as well as several other CO2-enriched phe no types under both greenhouse and field conditions .Grain yield of GOC plants varied depending on seeding season and was increased significantly in the spring. We further demonstrated that GOC plants had significant advantages under high-light conditions and that the improvements in GOC plants resulted primarily from a photosynthetic CO2-concentrating effect rather than from improved energy balance. Taken together, our results reveal that engineering a newly designed chloroplastic photorespiratory bypass could increase photosynthetic efficiency and yield of rice plants grown in field conditions, particularly under high light. | Bo-Ran Shen Li-Min Wang Xiu-Ling Lin Zhen Yao Hua-Wei Xu Cheng-Hua Zhu Hai-Yan Teng Li-Li Cui E.-E. Liu Jian-Jun Zhang Zheng-Hui He Xin-Xiang Peng | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，2： | 30 |
| 2 | 转录因子调控植物萜类化合物生物合成研究进展显示文摘植物三萜酸等萜类化合物具有抗炎、抗氧化、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖等生物活性,在医药、化妆品、食品等等领域应用广泛,但萜类化合物的生物合成调控机制尚未明确。本文重点综述近年来植物萜类化合物生物合成相关转录因子和调控机制的研究进展,为进一步阐明萜类代谢的转录调控网络提供参考。 | 苏文炳 蒋园园 白昀鹭 甘小清 刘月学 林顺权 | 2019 | 农业生物技术学报2019，27，5： | 14 |
| 3 | 天然类胡萝卜素的生物合成研究进展显示文摘类胡萝卜素是广泛存在于高等植物、微生物和藻类中的一大类天然色素物质的总称,是重要的天然食用色素群之一。细胞工厂被广泛用于各种化学品、食品和药品等的生产,是绿色生物制造的中心环节。利用细胞工厂合成来源稀缺、获取难度大的高附加值天然类胡萝卜素,具有经济可行和环境友好等优势。类胡萝卜素在抗氧化、视力保护和抗癌等方面具有非常重要的作用。本文对生物合成类胡萝卜素细胞工厂构建过程中的类胡萝卜素基本合成路径解析、底盘细胞的选择和改造、途径的模块组装与适配及合成生物学策略等展开详细介绍。同时,对未来类胡萝卜素生物合成所面临的机遇和挑战进行了展望。 | 周琳 梁轩铭 赵磊 | 2022 | 生物技术通报2022，38，7： | 11 |
| 4 | A Synthetic Photorespiratory Shortcut Enhances Photosynthesis to Boost Biomass and Grain Yield in Rice显示文摘Several photorespiratory bypasses have been introduced into plants and shown to improve photosynthesis by increasing chloroplastic C02 concentrations or optimizing energy balance.We recently reported that an engineered GOC bypass could increase photosynthesis and productivity in rice.However,the grain yield of GOC plants was unstable,fluctuating in different cultivation seasons because of varying seed setting rates.In this study,we designed a synthetic photorespiratory shortcut(the GCGT bypass)consisting of genes en-coding Oryza sativa glycolate oxidase and Escherichia coli catalase,glyoxylate carboligase,and tartronic semialdehyde reductase.The GCGT bypass was guided by an optimized chloroplast transit peptide that targeted rice chloroplasts and redirected 75% of carbon from glycolate metabolism to the Calvin cycle,identical to the native photorespiration pathway.GCGT transgenic plants exhibited significantly increased biomass production and grain yield,which were mainly attributed to enhanced photosynthesis due to increased chloroplastic C02 concentrations.Despite the increases in biomass production and grain yield,GCGT transgenic plants showed a reduced seed setting rate,a phenotype previously reported for the GOC plants.Integrative transcriptomic,physiological,and biochemical assays revealed that photosynthetic car-bohydrates were not transported to grains in an efficient manner,thereby reducing the seed setting rate.Taken together,our results demonstrate that the GCGT photorespiratory shortcut confers higher yield by promoting photosynthesis in rice,mainly through increasing chloroplastic C02 concentrations. | Li-Min Wang Bo-Ran Shen Bo-Di Li Chuan-Ling Zhang Min Lin Pan-Pan Tong Li-Li Cui Zhi-Sheng Zhang Xin-Xiang Peng | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，12： | 11 |
| 5 | A modified high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR method for amplifying long unknown flanking sequences显示文摘Rapid and efficient isolation of unknown flanking DNA sequences adjacent to known regions is important for molecular biology research.For this purpose,several PCR-based methods have been reported,including inverse PCR(Uchiyama and Watanabe,2006),ligation-mediated PCR(Yan et al.,2003;Ballester et al.,2005;Wang et al.,2007;Trinh et al.,2012)and randomly primed PCR(Liu and Whittier,1995;Liu et al.,1995;Antal et al. | Jiantao Tan Qi Gong Suize Yu Yuke Hou Dongchang Zeng Qinlong Zhu Yao-Guang Liu | 2019 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2019，46，7： | 7 |
| 6 | 黄海西部大气湿沉降(降水)的离子平衡及离子组成研究显示文摘对黄海西部的千里岩、青岛的麦岛两个降水采样点 1 997、1 998两年所收集的 1 1 3个降水样品进行了分析 ,测定了H+、NH+4、K+、Na+、Ca2 +、Mg2 +、F- 、Cl- 、NO-3 、SO2 -4 共 1 0种离子成分的含量。计算了阴离子和阳离子的浓度总量 ,考察了∑ - /∑ +值 ,对所测 1 0种离子的含量顺序进行了探讨。结果表明 :1 1 0个样品离子平衡 (∑ - /∑ +在 0 75~ 1 2 5之间 ) ,3个样品离子不平衡。 1 998年千里岩降水中阴阳离子的含量 (摩尔浓度 )顺序为Cl- >Na+>Ca2 +>SO2 +4>NO-3 >NH+4>Mg2 +>H+>K+>F- ,麦岛降水中阴阳离子的含量顺序为Cl- >SO2 -4 >Na+>NH+4>Ca2 +>H+>NO-3 >Mg2 +>K+>F- 。千里岩降水属于海洋型降水 ,Cl- 、Na+含量高 ,而麦岛是海洋型和硫酸型降水 ,Cl- 、SO2 -4 含量高。 | 张金良 陈宁 于志刚 张经 | 2000 | 海洋环境科学2000，19，2： | 6 |
| 7 | 合成生物学在现代农业中的应用与前景显示文摘农业发展不仅要满足不断增长的人口对粮食的需求,还要考虑如何在全球气候变化和有限土地资源的背景下以可持续和快速发展的方式进行。合成生物学是农业持续增长的关键和未来农业发展的方向。本文从提高光合作用效率、自主固氮以及重塑代谢通路改良作物三个方面综述了合成生物学在提高农业产量、减少农业中的化肥使用量以及改变农业种植结构上的应用现状。最后我们对合成生物学在农业中的应用前景进行了展望,未来农业将因合成生物学的技术发生颠覆性的变化,合成生物学的发展势必影响未来农业的走向。 | 吴杰 赵乔 | 2020 | 植物生理学报2020，56，11： | 6 |
| 8 | 高抗性淀粉功能水稻研究现状及发展趋势显示文摘抗性淀粉有降低餐后血糖和胰岛素应答、提高机体对胰岛素敏感性、预防便秘和结肠癌发生等重要生理功能,是近年来功能食品领域和作物遗传领域的研究热点之一。介绍了高抗性淀粉功能稻米的产业需求,国内外通过常规育种、诱变育种、基因工程技术等手段培育的高抗性淀粉功能型水稻品种的研究进展,提出了高抗性淀粉功能稻米存在的问题及发展方向。 | 杨瑞芳 汤剑豪 朴钟泽 万常照 龚长春 白建江 | 2021 | 作物研究2021，35，5： | 6 |
| 9 | 作物品质研究现状与展望显示文摘优质作物的产业化有助于破解居民健康膳食的经济不可负担性难题,对保障粮食安全和创造美好生活至关重要.品质性状是受环境影响的、多基因参与的复杂农艺性状,其基础是代谢.作物利用光合产物经过协同有序的初生或次生代谢直接或间接地为人类提供能量和多样化的营养物质.目前,已克隆一些营养、食味等品质性状的主效基因,在维生素和花青素等特殊功能物质代谢途径的解析和优质作物设计育种等方面取得了显著进展,但人们对品质性状调控机制的认识有限,尚缺乏品质性状环境变异规律方面的知识.本文重点总结了国内外水稻、小麦、玉米和大豆等主要粮食作物品质的研究现状,讨论了品质研究的未来发展趋势和我国面临的瓶颈,提出了面向2035年我国作物品质研究的一些思考. | 邓祝云 曲乐庆 巫永睿 张劲松 王台 | 2021 | 中国科学:生命科学2021，51，10： | 5 |
| 10 | Synthetic biology of plant natural products: From pathway elucidation to engineered biosynthesis in plant cells显示文摘Plant natural products(PNPs)are the main sources of drugs,food additives,and new biofuels and have become a hotspot in synthetic biology.In the past two decades,the engineered biosynthesis of many PNPs has been achieved through the construction of microbial cell factories.Alongside the rapid development of plant physiology,genetics,and plant genetic modification techniques,hosts have now expanded from single-celled microbes to complex plant systems.Plant synthetic biology is an emerging field that combines engineering principles with plant biology.In this review,we introduce recent advances in the biosynthetic pathway elucidation of PNPs and summarize the progress of engineered PNP biosynthesis in plant cells.Furthermore,a future vision of plant synthetic biology is proposed.Although we are still a long way from overcoming all the bottlenecks in plant synthetic biology,the ascent of this field is expected to provide a huge opportunity for future agriculture and industry. | Xiaoxi Zhu Xiaonan Liu Tian Liu Yina Wang Nida Ahmed Zhichao Li Huifeng Jiang | 2021 | Plant Communications2021，2，5： | 4 |
| 11 | Defective mitochondrial function by mutation in THICK ALEURONE 1 encoding a mitochondrion-targeted single-stranded DNA-binding protein leads to increased aleurone cell layers and improved nutrition in rice显示文摘Cereal endosperm comprises an outer aleurone and an inner starchy endosperm.Although these two tissues have the same developmental origin,they differ in morphology,cell fate,and storage product accumulation,with the mechanism largely unknown.Here,we report the identification and characterization of rice thick aleurone 1(ta1)mutant that shows an increased number of aleurone cell layers and increased contents of nutritional factors including proteins,lipids,vitamins,dietary fibers,and micronutrients.We identified that the TA1 gene,which is expressed in embryo,aleurone,and subaleurone in caryopses,encodes a mitochondrion-targeted protein with single-stranded DNA-binding activity named OsmtSSB1.Cytological analyses revealed that the increased aleurone cell layers in ta1 originate from a developmental switch of subaleurone toward aleurone instead of starchy endosperm in the wild type.We found that TA1/OsmtSSB1 interacts with mitochondrial DNA recombinase RECA3 and DNA helicase TWINKLE,and downregulation of REC A3 or TWINKLE also leads to ta1-like phenotypes.We further showed that mutation in TA1/OsmtSSB1 causes elevated illegitimate recombinations in the mitochondrial genome,altered mitochondrial morphology,and compromised energy supply,suggesting that the OsmtSSB1-mediated mitochondrial function plays a critical role in subaleur one cell-fate determination in rice. | Dong-Qi Li Xiao-Ba Wu Hai-Feng Wang Xue Feng Shi-Juan Yan Sheng-Yang Wu Jin-Xin Liu Xue-Feng Yao Ai-Ning Bai Heng Zhao Xiu-Fen Song Lin Guo Shi-Yong Zhang Chun-Ming Liu | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，8： | 4 |
| 12 | 植物合成生物学研究进展显示文摘合成生物学是汇聚了工程学和生物学的新兴交叉学科,近年来逐步在植物研究领域中显现其重要作用。利用合成生物学技术不仅可以对作物的产量及营养品质性状进行精准的改良和优化,还有望将植物改造成高价值的植物天然产物生产工厂满足人们更多的需求。本文从DNA合成与组装、植物基因编辑技术、核和质体遗传转化体系以及染色体工程等方面介绍了在植物中广泛应用的合成生物学技术。阐述了利用合成生物学开展多样化生物传感器设计、作物产量优化、营养品质强化、植物天然产物与蛋白高效合成等方面的最新研究进展。最后讨论了目前植物合成生物学所面临的问题以及今后的发展趋势。相信经过新一轮的快速发展,植物合成生物学将在未来农作物育种中发挥越来越重要的作用。 | 张博 马永硕 尚轶 黄三文 | 2020 | 合成生物学2020，1，2： | 4 |
| 13 | 合成类胡萝卜素细胞工厂的快速构建和定向进化显示文摘类胡萝卜素具有丰富的颜色和强抗氧化活性,这赋予了该类产品较高的商业价值,加速了该类产品合成路径在异源底盘中的构建进程,使之成为发展非理性设计策略的有效研究对象。本文主要针对微生物合成类胡萝卜素细胞工厂构建中的瓶颈问题,从增强合成类胡萝卜素前体GGPP的供给利用以及缓解各类胡萝卜素产品对微生物底盘细胞的胁迫压力两个角度,系统综述非理性设计策略对元件优化、模块适配和多维调控等路径构建优化方法的丰富,以及对不同尺度的DNA变异和适应性进化等底盘进化手段的推动作用。并从扩展类胡萝卜素合成底盘物种的多样性和丰富非天然类胡萝卜素产品结构的可获得性的需求出发,对构建合成该类产品微生物细胞工厂自动化和智能化的发展趋势进行展望。 | 王颖 曲俊泽 梁楠 郝鹤 元英进 | 2021 | 化工进展2021，40，3： | 4 |
| 14 | 水稻纹枯病研究进展显示文摘水稻纹枯病是世界性三大病害之一。近年来,水稻纹枯病在我国稻区大面积发生,对水稻生产造成了严重的威胁。水稻纹枯病抗性资源的发掘、抗性QTL定位以及抗性相关基因的利用是抗病育种的基础。本文简单介绍了水稻纹枯病的危害以及病原菌的分类与特性,对水稻纹枯病菌的致病机制、抗性种质资源的鉴定、抗性QTL定位以及抗性相关基因的最新研究进展进行了总结,并对未来水稻纹枯病的研究进行了展望,旨在为今后水稻纹枯病抗性育种提供重要参考。 | 董俊杰 曾宇翔 富昊伟 张馨月 杨长登 李友发 | 2022 | 浙江农业科学2022，63，12： | 3 |
| 15 | 面向碳达峰与碳中和的植物合成生物学显示文摘合成生物学是一门包括生物学、数学、物理学、化学、工程及信息科学等多学科交叉的前沿学科。历经多年发展,目前在细菌、酵母等微生物和哺乳动物细胞底盘中已初步形成了完备的定量化研究体系,然而植物合成生物学依然处于起步阶段。植物合成生物学可在挖掘植物次生代谢天然产物、生产分子农业制品、提升光合作用光能利用效率、创制碳汇植物和建立植物工厂系统等方面发挥作用。特别是在当前面向碳达峰与碳中和过程中,植物合成生物学可以参与解决人类活动所面临的粮食短缺、能源危机及环境污染等问题。不同植物底盘中也在逐步建成和完善标准化的元件体系、基因线路设计以及定向进化等合成生物学技术。本文回顾了近年来植物合成生物学的主要研究进展,详述了植物合成生物学在“双碳”目标中的应用领域,包含植物天然产物合成与次生代谢、分子农业、光合作用、碳汇植物的创制、植物工厂等。提出了植物基因文件标准化、植物基因线路设计、植物基因编辑和定向进化等助力“双碳”目标的植物合成生物学技术,并展望和探讨了在实现“双碳”目标过程中植物合成生物学的重要作用和发展前景。 | 杨健钊 朱新广 | 2022 | 合成生物学2022，3，5： | 3 |
| 16 | Plant synthetic epigenomic engineering for crop improvement显示文摘Efforts have been directed to redesign crops with increased yield,stress adaptability,and nutritional value through synthetic biology—the application of engineering principles to biology.A recent expansion in our understanding of how epigenetic mechanisms regulate plant development and stress responses has unveiled a new set of resources that can be harnessed to develop improved crops,thus heralding the promise of“synthetic epigenetics.”In this review,we summarize the latest advances in epigenetic regulation and highlight how innovative sequencing techniques,epigenetic editing,and deep learning-driven predictive tools can rapidly extend these insights.We also proposed the future directions of synthetic epigenetics for the development of engineered smart crops that can actively monitor and respond to internal and external cues throughout their life cycles. | Liwen Yang Pingxian Zhang Yifan Wang Guihua Hu Weijun Guo Xiaofeng Gu Li Pu | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，11： | 3 |
| 17 | Using Interactome Big Data to Crack Genetic Mysteries and Enhance Future Crop Breeding显示文摘The functional genes underlying phenotypic variation and their interactions represent“genetic mysteries”.Understanding and utilizing these genetic mysteries are key solutions for mitigating the current threats to agriculture posed by population growth and individual food preferences.Due to advances in highthroughput multi-omics technologies,we are stepping into an Interactome Big Data era that is certain to revolutionize genetic research.In this article,we provide a brief overview of current strategies to explore genetic mysteries.We then introduce the methods for constructing and analyzing the Interactome Big Data and summarize currently available interactome resources.Next,we discuss how Interactome Big Data can be used as a versatile tool to dissect genetic mysteries.We propose an integrated strategy that could revolutionize genetic research by combining Interactome Big Data with machine learning,which involves mining information hidden in Big Data to identify the genetic models or networks that control various traits,and also provide a detailed procedure for systematic dissection of genetic mysteries,Finally,we discuss three promising future breeding strategies utilizing the Interactome Big Data to improve crop yields and quality. | Leiming Wu Linqian Han Qing Li Guoying Wang Hongwei Zhang Lin Li | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，1： | 2 |
| 18 | β-葡聚糖生物强化大米急性毒性和遗传毒性评价显示文摘目的科学评价β-葡聚糖生物强化大米的食用安全性。方法采用14 d喂养实验评价β-葡聚糖生物强化大米对大、小鼠的急性毒性;采用Ames实验、哺乳动物骨髓红细胞微核实验以及哺乳动物细胞TK基因突变实验评价其遗传毒性。结果在急性毒性实验中,受试物灌胃未见明显毒性作用,解剖观察未见异常,对大、小鼠的半数致死剂量(median lethal dose,LD50)均大于15 mg/kg,属于实际无毒级。在有或无S9活化的情况下,未见受试物对试验菌株TA97a、TA98、TA100、TA102、TA153的遗传毒性;骨髓红细胞微核实验未见受试物对骨髓嗜多染红细胞的诱发作用及对骨髓的抑制作用;TK基因突变实验结果未显示受试物的致突变作用:3个遗传毒性实验结果均为阴性。结论在本实验条件下,β-葡聚糖生物强化大米未见明显急性毒性及遗传毒性作用。 | 王礼群 阴文娅 何秋蓉 王红平 姜瑶 郭欢 张寒旭 舒泽柳 何爽 易恒 陈乐章 何方 | 2020 | 四川大学学报(医学版)2020，51，4： | 2 |
| 19 | 水稻育种主要目标性状基因挖掘研究进展显示文摘水稻是人类最重要的粮食作物之一,它养育着现今世界近半数人口。现代水稻育种起步于20世纪20年代,在水稻的百年育种进程中,高产、优质、多抗一直是水稻育种领域关注的重点。随着社会经济发展和劳动力成本上涨,水稻经济比较效益出现下降趋势,这促使水稻育种目标逐渐向全过程高效和绿色可持续发展转变。水稻育种的每一次跨越式突破都和目标性状基因资源挖掘紧密相关,因此,充分了解育种主要目标性状的基因挖掘研究进展,对利用现代生物技术进一步挖掘利用优良基因资源指导水稻育种具有重要意义。围绕高产、优质、多抗、高效和绿色等水稻育种的主要目标,综述了各大育种目标性状基因挖掘和利用的研究进展。展望未来,中国水稻育种将逐步培育出稳增提质、环境友好、节水减碳的优良品种,夯实中国在水稻产业的国际领先地位,为全球的粮食安全持续做出贡献。 | 丁文家 胡峻铭 王嘉力 | 2023 | 杂交水稻2023，38，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Plant Synthetic Metabolic Engineering for Enhancing Crop Nutritional Quality显示文摘Nutrient deficiencies in crops are a serious threat to human health,especially for populations in poor areas.To overcome this problem,the development of crops with nutrient-enhanced traits is imperative.Biofortification of crops to improve nutritional quality helps combat nutrient deficiencies by increasing the levels of specific nutrient components.Compared with agronomic practices and conventional plant breeding,plant metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies are more effective and accurate in synthesizing specific micronutrients,phytonutrients,and/or bioactive components in crops.In this review,we discuss recent progress in the field of plant synthetic metabolic engineering,specifically in terms of research strategies of multigene stacking tools and engineering complex metabolic pathways,with a focus on improving traits related to micronutrients,phytonutrients,and bioactive components.Advances and innovations in plant synthetic metabolic engineering would facilitate the development of nutrient-enriched crops to meet the nutritional needs of humans. | Qinlong Zhu Bin Wang Jiantao Tan Taoli Liu Li Li Yao-Guang Liu | 2020 | Plant Communications2020，1，1： | 2 |
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