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| 1 | Analysis and design for the second order nonlinear continuous extended states observer显示文摘The extended state observer (ESO) is a novel observer for a class of uncertain systems. Since ESO adopts the continuous non-smooth structure, the classical observer design theory is hard to use for ESO analysis. In this note, the self-stable region (SSR) approach, which is a nonlinear synthesis method for nonlinear uncertain systems, will be used for ESO design and its stability analysis. The advantages of the non-smooth structure in ESO for improving the convergence properties and the estimation precision will be shown. | Yi Huang Jingqing Han | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，21： | 65 |
| 2 | Oxidative stress as a crucial factor in liver diseases显示文摘Redox state constitutes an important background of numerous liver disorders. The redox state participates in the course of inflammatory, metabolic and proliferative liver diseases. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) are primarily produced in the mitochondria and in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes via the cytochrome P450 enzymes. Under the proper conditions, cells are equipped with special molecular strategies that control the level of oxidative stress and maintain a balance between oxidant and antioxidant particles. Oxidative stress represents an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant agents. Hepatocytic proteins, lipids and DNA are among the cellular structures that are primarily affected by ROS and reactive nitrogen species. The process results in structural and functional abnormalities in the liver. Thus, the phenomenon of oxidative stress should be investigated for several reasons. First, it may explain the pathogenesis of various liver disorders. Moreover, monitoring oxidative markers among hepatocytes offers the potential to diagnose the degree of liver damage and ultimately to observe the response to pharmacological therapies. The present report focuses on the role of oxidative stress in selected liver diseases. | Halina Cichoz-Lach Agata Michalak | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，25： | 70 |
| 3 | BENDING OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED PIEZOELECTRIC RECTANGULAR PLATES显示文摘By introducing two displacement functions as well as two stress functions,two independentstate equations with variable coefficients are derived from the three-dimensional theory equations of piezo-elasticity for transverse isotropy.A laminated approximation is used to transform the state equations to thosewith constant coefficients in each sub-layer.The bending problem of a functionally graded rectangular plate isthen analyzed based on the state equations.Numerical results are presented and the effect of material gradi-ent index is discussed. | Chen Weiqiu Ding Haojiang | 2000 | Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica2000，13，4： | 37 |
| 4 | Global warming weakening the inherent stability of glaciers and permafrost显示文摘The Cryosphere has been undergoing a worldwide retreat, as seen in the decrease in the areal extent and volume of glaciers and in the areal extent of permafrost. This paper presents a systematic examination of the inherent stability changes of glaciers and permafrost caused by warming. Various study results suggest that over the past 30 years, the internal temperature of glaciers and permafrost exhibits an overall accelerating warming trend. The warming rate peaked in the mid-2000s and slowed slightly for several years afterward. In recent years, however, the warming rate has seemed to pick up again. The warming of glaciers and permafrost has exerted great impact on their stability, displayed as intensified melting,increased glacier surging, enlargement of supraglacial lakes, and increased permafrost degradation.Even without a future temperature increase, some glaciers will continue to shrink, and the number of surging glaciers will increase. The transition from low-temperature to high-temperature permafrost is a noticeable warning sign of a comprehensive degradation of permafrost. These results indicate that‘‘warming' glaciers and permafrost will exert significant impacts on the hydrology, ecology, and stability of engineering in cold regions. | Yongjian Ding Shiqiang Zhang Lin Zhao Zhongqin Li Shichang Kang | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，4： | 37 |
| 5 | Probabilistic Teleportation of the Three-Particle Entangled State via Entanglement Swapping显示文摘A scheme of teleportation of a three-particle entangled state via entanglement swapping is proposed.It is shown that if a two-particle entangled state and a three-particle entangled state(both are not maximum entangled states)are used as quantum channels,probabilistic teleportation of the three-particle entangled state can be realized. | 路洪 | 2001 | Chinese Physics Letters2001，18，8： | 38 |
| 6 | CSI与BIS指数用于监测硬膜外阻滞期间丙泊酚靶控镇静效应的比较显示文摘目的探讨麻醉意识深度指数CSI(cerebralstateindex)用于监测硬膜外阻滞期间丙泊酚靶控镇静的可行性和临床效应,并与BIS进行比较。方法35例择期下腹部或下肢手术患者,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,年龄44±12(18~65)岁;体重指数21.8±2.2(19.2~25.6)。硬膜外靶控(TCI)镇静期间,同时监测CSI和BIS。记录镇静评分OAA/S(observersassessmentofalertness/sedationscale)值分别为5、4、3、2、1、0时CSI和BIS的值以及对应点的丙泊酚靶浓度。结果CSI和BIS均能很好地反应硬膜外阻滞期间患者的镇静程度。OAA/S评分从5逐渐降低至0时,CSI和BIS值(中位数)也相应下降,OAA/S同一级时,BIS和CSI无统计学差异(P>0.05);OAA/S不同级之间,BIS或CSI之间差异明显(P<0.01)。CSI和BIS与OAA/S的相关系数r分别为0.821和0.793;CSI、BIS及OAAS与丙泊酚靶浓度均有显著相关性,镇静期间相关系数r分别为-0.861、-0.854和-0.832;苏醒期间相关系数r分别为-0.750、-0.783和-0.745(P均<0.01)。结论CSI和BIS一样,能准确反映镇静状态下的患者意识深度的变化,以及意识恢复的渐进过程,应用于镇静程度监测是安全有效的。 | 涂学云 佘守章 许立新 闫焱 邬子林 肖颖琨 | 2005 | 广东医学2005，26，6： | 31 |
| 7 | Investigation of the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake damages to the Zipingpu Water Control Project and an assessment of its safety state显示文摘On May 12, 2008, a major earthquake measured 8 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County in Si- chuan Province, China with the epicentral intensity of XI degrees. Zipingpu Dam is located 17.17 km from the epicenter and the influence intensity at the damsite reached IX―X degrees. It is the first time in the world for such a high concrete-faced rockfill dam (CFRD) in China to experience such a strong earthquake occurring in such a short distance. Due to its location of special importance to the down- stream areas, the safety state and damaging condition of the Zipingpu Dam has attracted great atten- tions from various circles. Based on site investigation of the damages to the Zipingpu Dam and com- parison analysis of the observation data obtained before and after the earthquake, the paper makes a comprehensive assessment of the key technical issues relevant to this high CFRD, including its safety state and the high slope stability after the earthquake. | GUAN ZhiCheng Water Resources and Hydropower Planning & Design General Institute, Beijing100120, China | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，4： | 26 |
| 8 | 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征老年患者的认知功能评价显示文摘 | 潘志杰 刘微波 周建英 | 2005 | 中华结核和呼吸杂志2005，28，6： | 25 |
| 9 | Quantum secure direct communication with cluster states显示文摘A quantum secure direct communication protocol with cluster states is proposed.Compared with the deterministic secure quantum communication protocol with the cluster state proposed by Yuan and Song(Int.J.Quant.Inform.,2009,7:689),this protocol can achieve higher intrinsic efficiency by using two-step transmission.The implementation of this protocol is also discussed. | CAO WeiFeng 1,YANG YuGuang 3,4,5* & WEN QiaoYan 2 1 College of Electric and Information Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Beijing 100876,China 3 College of Computer Science and Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China 4 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China 5 State key Laboratory of Information Security Gradute University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，7： | 20 |
| 10 | Hierarchical and probabilistic quantum state sharing via a non-maximally entangled stateHierarchical and probabilistic quantum state sharing via a non-maximally entangled stateHierarchical and probabilistic quantum state sharing via a non-maximally entangled state显示文摘A scheme that probabilistically realizes hierarchical quantum state sharing of an arbitrary unknown qubit state with a four-qubit non-maximally entangled 丨X) state is presented in this paper. In the scheme, the sender Alice distributes a quantum secret with a Bell-state measurement and publishes her measurement outcomes via a classical channel to three agents who are divided into two grades. One agent is in the upper grade, while the other two agents are in the lower grade. Then by introducing an ancillary qubit, the agent of the upper grade only needs the assistance of any one of the other two agents for probabilistically obtaining the secret, while an agent of the lower grade needs the help of both the other two agents by using a controlled-NOT operation and a proper positive operator-valued measurement instead of the usual projective measurement. In other words, the agents of two different grades have different authorities to reconstruct Alice's secret in a probabilistic manner. The scheme can also be modified to implement the threshold-controlled teleportation. | 彭家寅 柏明强 莫智文 | 2014 | Chinese Physics B2014，，1： | 20 |
| 11 | 美国糖尿病学会对糖尿病高血糖危象的诊治指南(一)显示文摘酮症酸中毒和高渗性昏迷是糖尿病的两个最严重的急性并发症,即使在正规治疗中也可能发生。这些急症可发生在1型和2型糖尿病患者。糖尿病酮症酸中毒(Diabetes keto-acidosis,DKA)死亡率不到5%,而高渗性高血糖状态(hyperosmolar hyperglvcemic state,HHS)的死亡率则高达15%。老人和小孩或合并昏迷、低血压者预后更差。 | 孙维颖 楼滨城 | 2005 | 世界急危重病医学杂志2005，2，3： | 19 |
| 12 | Poisson-Gumbel Mixed Compound Distribution and its application显示文摘With the development of offshore engineering, the joint probability study for extreme sea environments has been a subject of increasing interest for both mathematicians and engineers. However, the conventional multivariate probability distribution models do not describe the distribution of the occurrences of extreme sea states induced by typhoon, hurricane or winter storm, and thus fail to reflect the probability characteristics of sea environments in all the aspects. Extreme sea environments are typically to be found in storms like typhoon, and the occurrences of such storms in certain sea areas, varying from year to year, may be fitted to a discrete distribution. By compounding the discrete distribution with a bivariate continuous distribution of two extreme sea environments, a new kind of distribution-Bivariate Compound Extreme Value Distribution (BCEVD) is obtained in this note. This study proposes Poisson-Gum-bel Mixed Compound Distribution, one of the particular forms of BCEVD, and gives an | Defu Liu Shuqin Wen Liping Wang | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，22： | 18 |
| 13 | Seismic fragility analysis of highway bridges considering multi-dimensional performance limit state显示文摘Fragility analysis for highway bridges has become increasingly important in the risk assessment of highway transportation networks exposed to seismic hazards. This study introduces a methodology to calculate fragility that considers multi-dimensional performance limit state parameters and makes a first attempt to develop fragility curves for a multi-span continuous (MSC) concrete girder bridge considering two performance limit state parameters: column ductility and transverse deformation in the abutments. The main purpose of this paper is to show that the performance limit states, which are compared with the seismic response parameters in the calculation of fragility, should be properly modeled as randomly interdependent variables instead of deterministic quantities. The sensitivity of fragility curves is also investigated when the dependency between the limit states is different. The results indicate that the proposed method can be used to describe the vulnerable behavior of bridges which are sensitive to multiple response parameters and that the fragility information generated by this method will be more reliable and likely to be implemented into transportation network loss estimation. | Wang, Qi'ang Wu, Ziyan Liu, Shukui | 2012 | Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration2012，11，2： | 16 |
| 14 | Quantum entanglement and quantum operation显示文摘It is a simple introduction to quantum entanglement and quantum operations.The authors focus on some applications of quantum entanglement and relations between two-qubit entangled states and unitary operations.It includes remote state preparation by using any pure entangled states,nonlocal operation implementation using entangled states,entanglement capacity of two-qubit gates and two-qubit gates construction. | YE MingYong ZHANG YongSheng GUO GuangCan | 2008 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2008，51，1： | 16 |
| 15 | On Mechanism of Heat-Conduction and Equation of Thermal Conductivity of Liquid显示文摘The recently presented equation for nonequilibrium state of gases is hereextended to liquid,and thus an equation of thermal conductivity for normal liquid is de-rived.The equation is applied to both polar and nonpolar liquids,with the average error of608 experlmental values being 1.75% based upon 110 compounds of 29 types of structures.This method is far better than all the other methods published. | 张克武 | 1993 | Science China Mathematics1993，36，3： | 16 |
| 16 | Quantum Squeezing Effects of a Non-dissipative Mesoscopic Circuit with Coupled Inductors and Capacitors显示文摘The quantum fluctuations of the charge and current in a non-dissipative mesoscopic circuit with coupled inductors and capacitors are studied for the squeezed vacuum state.The influence of the phase angle upon the quantum fluctuations is discussed in particular.Our results indicate that when the circuit parameters remain constant and the phasesθof the two circuits are equal,the squeezing of the charge or its conjugate variable increases.When the difference of the two phases equalsπ,the squeezing will deteriorate.Therefore,if we want to decrease the quantum noise,we should not only control the amplitude r,but also control the phaseθcarefully. | 雷敏生 嵇英华 谢芳森 | 2001 | Chinese Physics Letters2001，18，2： | 16 |
| 17 | Serum cystatin C levels are negatively correlated with post-stroke cognitive dysfunction显示文摘Stroke is the leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide,and cognitive impairment and dementia are major complications of ischemic stroke.Cystatin C (CysC) has been found to be a neuroprotective factor in animal studies.However,the relationship between CysC levels and cognitive dysfunction in previous studies has revealed different results.This prospective observational study investigated the correlation between serum CysC levels and post-stroke cognitive dysfunction at 3 months.Data from 638 patients were obtained from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke (CATIS).Cognitive dysfunction was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at 3 months after stroke.According to the MMSE score,308 patients (52.9%) had post-stroke cognitive dysfunction.After adjusting for potential confounding factors,the odds ratio (95% CI) of post-stroke cognitive dysfunction for the highest quartile of serum CysC levels was 0.54 (0.30–0.98),compared with the lowest quartile.The correlation between serum CysC and cognitive dysfunction was modified by renal function status.We observed a negative linear dose-response correlation between CysC and cognitive dysfunction in patients with normal renal function (Plinearity = 0.044),but not in those with abnormal renal function.Elevated serum CysC levels were correlated with a low risk of 3-month cognitive dysfunction in patients with acute ischemic stroke,especially in those with normal renal function.The current results suggest that CysC is a protective factor for post-stroke cognitive dysfunction,and could be used to treat post-stroke cognitive dysfunction.The CATIS study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards at Soochow University from China (approval No.2012-02) on December 30,2012,and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier No.NCT01840072) on April 25,2013. | Dao-Xia Guo Zheng-Bao Zhu Chong-Ke Zhong Xiao-Qing Bu Li-Hua Chen Tan Xu Li-Bing Guo Jin-Tao Zhang Dong Li Jian-Hui Zhang Zhong Ju Chung-Shiuan Chen Jing Chen Yong-Hong Zhang Jiang He | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，5： | 14 |
| 18 | Teleportation of an arbitrary two-qudit state based on the non-maximally four-qudit cluster state显示文摘Two different schemes are presented for quantum teleportation of an arbitrary two-qudit state using a non-maximally four-qudit cluster state as the quantum channel. The first scheme is based on the Bell-basis measurements and the re-ceiver may probabilistically reconstruct the original state by performing proper transformation on her particles and an auxiliary two-level particle; the second scheme is based on the generalized Bell-basis measurements and the probability of successfully teleporting the unknown state depends on those measurements which are adjusted by Alice. A comparison of the two schemes shows that the latter has a smaller probability than that of the former and contrary to the former, the channel information and auxiliary qubit are not necessary for the receiver in the latter. | TIAN DongPing TAO YingJuan QIN Meng | 2008 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2008，51，10： | 14 |
| 19 | Detection of false data injection attacks using unscented Kalman filter显示文摘It has recently been shown that state estimation (SE), which is the most important real-time function in modern energy management systems(EMSs), is vulnerable to false data injection attacks due to the undetectability of those attacks using standard bad data detection techniques,which are typically based on normalized measurement residuals. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to develop novel and efficient methods that are capable of detecting such malicious attacks. In this paper, we propose using the unscented Kalman filter(UKF) in conjunction with a weighted least square(WLS) based SE algorithm in real-time, to detect discrepancies between SV estimates and, as a consequence, to identify false data attacks. After an attack is detected and an appropriate alarm is raised, an operator can take actions to prevent or minimize the potential consequences. The proposed algorithm was successfully tested on benchmark IEEE 14-bus and 300-bus test systems, making it suitable for implementation in commercial EMS software. | Nemanja ZIVKOVI Andrija T.SARI | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，5： | 13 |
| 20 | GRAIN BOUNDARY REORGANIZATION IN INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS NiAl AND FeAl显示文摘Computer simulation of grain boundaries(GB) was carried out in Fe and ordered alloys NiAl and FeAl with B2 superlattice. In this work symmetrical tilt grain boundaries =5[100](012) and = 5[100](013) are studied. The atomic interaction has been described by Morse empirical central- force potentials.The atomic structure and energy of GB were investigated by means of construction of -surface using full atomic relaxation by method of molecular statics. It is shown that = 5 tilt GBs in Fe, Ni3Al and NiAl have several steady states. Comparison of our results with geometrical model of coincidence site lattice (CSL) was carried out. GBs in model CSL are unstable, the stabilization is achieved by additional displacement at some vector along the plane of defect. | M.D. Starostenkov, B. F. Demyanov, E.A. Kuklina and E. G. Sverdlova General Physics Department, Altai State Technical University, Lenin st 46, Barnaul, 656099, Russia | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 13 |
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